{"meta": {"count": 19752, "db_response_time_ms": 228, "page": 1, "per_page": 25, "groups_count": null, "x_query": {"oql": "works where full text has (The science of soft robot design: A review of motivations methods \"and\" enabling technologies)", "oqo": {"get_rows": "works", "filter_rows": [{"column_id": "fulltext.search", "value": "The science of soft robot design: A review of motivations methods and enabling technologies", "operator": "has"}]}, "url": "/works?filter=fulltext.search:The science of soft robot design: A review of motivations methods and enabling technologies"}, "cost_usd": 0.001}, "results": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/W4317397265", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2022.1059026", "title": "The science of soft robot design: A review of motivations, methods and enabling technologies", "display_name": "The science of soft robot design: A review of motivations, methods and enabling technologies", "relevance_score": 2504.337, "publication_year": 2023, "publication_date": "2023-01-18", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W4317397265", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2022.1059026", "pmid": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36743292"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.3389/frobt.2022.1059026", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2022.1059026", "pdf_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frobt.2022.1059026/pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2595095599", "display_name": "Frontiers in Robotics and AI", "issn_l": "2296-9144", "issn": ["2296-9144"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320527", "host_organization_name": "Frontiers Media", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Frontiers Media"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Frontiers in Robotics and AI", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "type": "article", "indexed_in": ["crossref", "doaj", "pubmed"], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "gold", "oa_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frobt.2022.1059026/pdf", "any_repository_has_fulltext": true}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5012482583", "display_name": "Francesco Stella", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4724-1886"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I5124864", "display_name": "\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne", "ror": "https://ror.org/02s376052", "country_code": "CH", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I2799323385", "https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}], "countries": ["CH"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Francesco Stella", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["CREATE Lab, Institute of Mechanical Engineering, EPFL, Switzerland"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "CREATE Lab, Institute of Mechanical Engineering, EPFL, Switzerland", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5032508996", "display_name": "Josie Hughes", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8410-3565"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I5124864", "display_name": "\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne", "ror": "https://ror.org/02s376052", "country_code": "CH", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I2799323385", "https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}], "countries": ["CH"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Josie Hughes", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["CREATE Lab, Institute of Mechanical Engineering, EPFL, Switzerland"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "CREATE Lab, Institute of Mechanical Engineering, EPFL, Switzerland", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 1, "institutions_distinct_count": 1, "corresponding_author_ids": [], "corresponding_institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I5124864"], "apc_list": {"value": 2125, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 2125}, "apc_paid": {"value": 2125, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 2125}, "fwci": 5.5181, "has_fulltext": true, "cited_by_count": 58, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 0.97476608, "is_in_top_1_percent": false, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 99, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": "9", "issue": null, "first_page": "1059026", "last_page": "1059026"}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12784", "display_name": "Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence", "score": 0.9979000091552734, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2210", "display_name": "Mechanical Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12784", "display_name": "Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence", "score": 0.9979000091552734, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2210", "display_name": "Mechanical Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10868", "display_name": "Soft Robotics and Applications", "score": 0.9977999925613403, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2204", "display_name": "Biomedical Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11486", "display_name": "Micro and Nano Robotics", "score": 0.9951000213623047, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3104", "display_name": "Condensed Matter Physics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/31", "display_name": "Physics and Astronomy"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science", "display_name": "Computer science", "score": 0.7201682329177856}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/robot", "display_name": "Robot", "score": 0.66060870885849}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/soft-robotics", "display_name": "Soft robotics", "score": 0.6346908211708069}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics", "display_name": "Robotics", "score": 0.6236931681632996}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction", "display_name": "Human\u2013computer interaction", "score": 0.5453923344612122}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "score": 0.531731367111206}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/soft-materials", "display_name": "Soft materials", "score": 0.45910927653312683}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/design-methods", "display_name": "Design methods", "score": 0.4333277642726898}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-design", "display_name": "Systems design", "score": 0.4299358129501343}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/soft-systems-methodology", "display_name": "Soft systems methodology", "score": 0.42873480916023254}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering", "display_name": "Systems engineering", "score": 0.3623191714286804}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering", "display_name": "Software engineering", "score": 0.17813271284103394}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering", "display_name": "Engineering", "score": 0.142412930727005}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/information-system", "display_name": "Information system", "score": 0.08680856227874756}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology", "display_name": "Nanotechnology", "score": 0.08021962642669678}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering", "display_name": "Mechanical engineering", "score": 0.07998162508010864}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198", "display_name": "Computer science", "level": 0, "score": 0.7201682329177856}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C90509273", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012", "display_name": "Robot", "level": 2, "score": 0.66060870885849}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776058767", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24327151", "display_name": "Soft robotics", "level": 3, "score": 0.6346908211708069}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C34413123", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978", "display_name": "Robotics", "level": 3, "score": 0.6236931681632996}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C107457646", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434", "display_name": "Human\u2013computer interaction", "level": 1, "score": 0.5453923344612122}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "level": 1, "score": 0.531731367111206}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2982836594", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902144", "display_name": "Soft materials", "level": 2, "score": 0.45910927653312683}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C138852830", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2292993", "display_name": "Design methods", "level": 2, "score": 0.4333277642726898}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C31352089", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3750474", "display_name": "Systems design", "level": 2, "score": 0.4299358129501343}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C141846272", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q613474", "display_name": "Soft systems methodology", "level": 4, "score": 0.42873480916023254}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C201995342", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496", "display_name": "Systems engineering", "level": 1, "score": 0.3623191714286804}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C115903868", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993", "display_name": "Software engineering", "level": 1, "score": 0.17813271284103394}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023", "display_name": "Engineering", "level": 0, "score": 0.142412930727005}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C180198813", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121182", "display_name": "Information system", "level": 2, "score": 0.08680856227874756}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C171250308", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468", "display_name": "Nanotechnology", "level": 1, "score": 0.08021962642669678}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C78519656", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333", "display_name": "Mechanical engineering", "level": 1, "score": 0.07998162508010864}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C192562407", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736", "display_name": "Materials science", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C119599485", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035", "display_name": "Electrical engineering", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C29848774", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61905", "display_name": "Management information systems", "level": 3, "score": 0.0}], "mesh": [], "locations_count": 5, "locations": [{"id": "doi:10.3389/frobt.2022.1059026", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2022.1059026", "pdf_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frobt.2022.1059026/pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2595095599", "display_name": "Frontiers in Robotics and AI", "issn_l": "2296-9144", "issn": ["2296-9144"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320527", "host_organization_name": "Frontiers Media", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Frontiers Media"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Frontiers in Robotics and AI", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, {"id": "pmid:36743292", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36743292", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036", "display_name": "PubMed", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1299303238", "host_organization_name": "National Institutes of Health", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Frontiers in robotics and AI", "raw_type": "Journal Article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:300388", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/195111", "pdf_url": "https://infoscience.epfl.ch/bitstreams/9aa0c43d-50a3-44ee-a205-cdcdfd813fb3/download", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400487", "display_name": "Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I5124864", "host_organization_name": "\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I5124864"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "WoS", "raw_type": "review"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9889359", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9889359", "pdf_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9889359/pdf/frobt-09-1059026.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111", "display_name": "PubMed Central", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1299303238", "host_organization_name": "National Institutes of Health", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "Front Robot AI", "raw_type": "Text"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cdfdc60022254587bd7ecfb8ece5082b", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doaj.org/article/cdfdc60022254587bd7ecfb8ece5082b", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280", "display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by-sa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "Frontiers in Robotics and AI, Vol 9 (2023)", "raw_type": "article"}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "doi:10.3389/frobt.2022.1059026", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2022.1059026", "pdf_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frobt.2022.1059026/pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2595095599", "display_name": "Frontiers in Robotics and AI", "issn_l": "2296-9144", "issn": ["2296-9144"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320527", "host_organization_name": "Frontiers Media", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Frontiers Media"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Frontiers in Robotics and AI", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [], "awards": [], "funders": [], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": true, "pdf": true}, "content_urls": {"pdf": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W4317397265.pdf", "grobid_xml": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W4317397265.grobid-xml"}, "referenced_works_count": 62, "referenced_works": ["https://openalex.org/W1185869443", "https://openalex.org/W1515749184", "https://openalex.org/W1614964691", "https://openalex.org/W1703327592", "https://openalex.org/W1787284831", "https://openalex.org/W1908440753", "https://openalex.org/W1944876863", "https://openalex.org/W1994748352", "https://openalex.org/W1996763811", "https://openalex.org/W2029744358", "https://openalex.org/W2036723211", "https://openalex.org/W2079574144", "https://openalex.org/W2084591374", "https://openalex.org/W2090252028", "https://openalex.org/W2126701792", "https://openalex.org/W2150024155", "https://openalex.org/W2556078315", "https://openalex.org/W2560730116", "https://openalex.org/W2610992585", "https://openalex.org/W2612690371", "https://openalex.org/W2737491236", "https://openalex.org/W2748291579", "https://openalex.org/W2774368103", "https://openalex.org/W2793128170", "https://openalex.org/W2803735436", "https://openalex.org/W2810686675", "https://openalex.org/W2811441473", "https://openalex.org/W2904019300", "https://openalex.org/W2911087563", "https://openalex.org/W2964247391", "https://openalex.org/W2997294852", "https://openalex.org/W3031483795", "https://openalex.org/W3034637066", "https://openalex.org/W3036541334", "https://openalex.org/W3040091330", "https://openalex.org/W3107437201", "https://openalex.org/W3107834591", "https://openalex.org/W3134259965", "https://openalex.org/W3136641154", "https://openalex.org/W3140906301", "https://openalex.org/W3151434123", "https://openalex.org/W3154125796", "https://openalex.org/W3157853607", "https://openalex.org/W3163328464", "https://openalex.org/W3178824337", "https://openalex.org/W4205518863", "https://openalex.org/W4207044233", "https://openalex.org/W4225148365", "https://openalex.org/W4246603712", "https://openalex.org/W4280606454", "https://openalex.org/W4286539801", "https://openalex.org/W4288043501", "https://openalex.org/W4289521734", "https://openalex.org/W4300751700", "https://openalex.org/W4324143047", "https://openalex.org/W4376605613", "https://openalex.org/W6659519294", "https://openalex.org/W6739585900", "https://openalex.org/W6747104097", "https://openalex.org/W6779337294", "https://openalex.org/W6798000996", "https://openalex.org/W6810417104"], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W3134474396", "https://openalex.org/W1515749184", "https://openalex.org/W4367041227", "https://openalex.org/W2806506062", "https://openalex.org/W4285221039", "https://openalex.org/W3164201927", "https://openalex.org/W3094251759", "https://openalex.org/W3117219792", "https://openalex.org/W2618733545", "https://openalex.org/W2976169195"], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Novel": [0], "technologies,": [1], "fabrication": [2], "methods,": [3], "controllers": [4], "and": [5, 24, 43, 67, 81, 92, 95, 124], "computational": [6, 90], "methods": [7, 80, 102, 118], "are": [8, 27, 37, 69], "rapidly": [9], "advancing": [10], "the": [11, 19, 30, 53, 62, 70, 97, 105, 131], "capabilities": [12], "of": [13, 33, 64, 116, 130], "soft": [14, 34, 57, 65, 75, 84, 107], "robotics.": [15, 35], "This": [16], "is": [17], "creating": [18], "need": [20], "for": [21, 29], "design": [22, 63, 86, 91, 101], "techniques": [23], "methodologies": [25], "that": [26, 99, 134], "suited": [28], "multi-disciplinary": [31], "nature": [32], "These": [36], "needed": [38], "to": [39, 46, 83], "provide": [40, 113], "a": [41, 127], "formalized": [42], "scientific": [44, 54], "approach": [45], "design.": [47], "In": [48], "this": [49], "paper,": [50], "we": [51, 112, 125], "formalize": [52], "questions": [55], "driving": [56], "robotic": [58, 108], "design;": [59], "what": [60, 68], "motivates": [61], "robots,": [66], "fundamental": [71], "challenges": [72], "when": [73], "designing": [74], "robots?": [76], "We": [77], "review": [78, 128], "current": [79], "approaches": [82], "robot": [85, 122], "including": [87], "bio-inspired": [88], "design,": [89, 94, 123], "human-driven": [93], "highlight": [96], "implications": [98], "each": [100], "has": [103], "on": [104], "resulting": [106], "systems.": [109], "To": [110], "conclude,": [111], "an": [114], "analysis": [115], "emerging": [117], "which": [119], "could": [120], "assist": [121], "present": [126], "some": [129], "necessary": [132], "technologies": [133], "may": [135], "enable": [136], "these": [137], "approaches.": [138]}, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 10}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 16}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 21}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 11}], "updated_date": "2026-09-06T09:10:53.072986", "created_date": "2025-10-10T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W2134295053", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2015.2444095", "title": "Internet of Things: A Survey on Enabling Technologies, Protocols, and Applications", "display_name": "Internet of Things: A Survey on Enabling Technologies, Protocols, and Applications", "relevance_score": 1230.0021, "publication_year": 2015, "publication_date": "2015-01-01", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W2134295053", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2015.2444095", "mag": "2134295053"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1109/comst.2015.2444095", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2015.2444095", "pdf_url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/9739/7331734/07123563.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S23688054", "display_name": "IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials", "issn_l": "1553-877X", "issn": ["1553-877X", "2373-745X"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319808", "host_organization_name": "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "type": "article", "indexed_in": ["crossref"], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "bronze", "oa_url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/9739/7331734/07123563.pdf", "any_repository_has_fulltext": false}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5008695053", "display_name": "Ala Al\u2010Fuqaha", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0903-1204"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I141649380", "display_name": "Western Michigan University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04j198w64", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ala Al-Fuqaha", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Computer Science, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA", "Department of Computer Science, Western Michigan University; Kalamazoo MI USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Computer Science, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Computer Science, Western Michigan University; Kalamazoo MI USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5057916222", "display_name": "Mohsen Guizani", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8972-8094"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I60342839", "display_name": "Qatar University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00yhnba62", "country_code": "QA", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}], "countries": ["QA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Mohsen Guizani", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar", "Department of Computer science and Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Computer science and Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5015767232", "display_name": "Mehdi Mohammadi", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9947-3470"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I141649380", "display_name": "Western Michigan University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04j198w64", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Mehdi Mohammadi", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Computer Science, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA", "Department of Computer Science, Western Michigan University; Kalamazoo MI USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Computer Science, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Computer Science, Western Michigan University; Kalamazoo MI USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5034854700", "display_name": "Mohammed Aledhari", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5380-6003"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I141649380", "display_name": "Western Michigan University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04j198w64", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Mohammed Aledhari", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Computer Science, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA", "Department of Computer Science, Western Michigan University; Kalamazoo MI USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Computer Science, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Computer Science, Western Michigan University; Kalamazoo MI USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5050702557", "display_name": "Moussa Ayyash", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0868-143X"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I74234424", "display_name": "Chicago State University", "ror": "https://ror.org/05ekwbr88", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I74234424"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Moussa Ayyash", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Information Studies, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL, USA", "Department of Information Studies Chicago State University,Chicago,IL,USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Information Studies, Chicago State University, Chicago, IL, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I74234424"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Information Studies Chicago State University,Chicago,IL,USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I74234424"]}]}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 2, "institutions_distinct_count": 3, "corresponding_author_ids": [], "corresponding_institution_ids": [], "apc_list": {"value": 2645, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 2645}, "apc_paid": null, "fwci": 670.071, "has_fulltext": true, "cited_by_count": 8574, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 1.0, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 89, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": "17", "issue": "4", "first_page": "2347", "last_page": "2376"}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10273", "display_name": "IoT and Edge/Fog Computing", "score": 0.9998999834060669, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1705", "display_name": "Computer Networks and Communications"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10273", "display_name": "IoT and Edge/Fog Computing", "score": 0.9998999834060669, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1705", "display_name": "Computer Networks and Communications"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10080", "display_name": "Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks", "score": 0.9977999925613403, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1705", "display_name": "Computer Networks and Communications"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10444", "display_name": "Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems", "score": 0.9966999888420105, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1707", "display_name": "Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science", "display_name": "Computer science", "score": 0.8215416669845581}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing", "display_name": "Cloud computing", "score": 0.6559300422668457}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things", "display_name": "Internet of Things", "score": 0.5586729049682617}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/big-data", "display_name": "Big data", "score": 0.5176509022712708}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/field", "display_name": "Field (mathematics)", "score": 0.5119975209236145}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/bridge", "display_name": "Bridge (graph theory)", "score": 0.5038112998008728}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/analytics", "display_name": "Analytics", "score": 0.4652100205421448}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/emerging-technologies", "display_name": "Emerging technologies", "score": 0.4645504653453827}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/key", "display_name": "Key (lock)", "score": 0.4464951753616333}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet", "display_name": "The Internet", "score": 0.4369746744632721}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science", "display_name": "Data science", "score": 0.42863017320632935}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web", "display_name": "World Wide Web", "score": 0.3064378499984741}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security", "display_name": "Computer security", "score": 0.2661331295967102}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "score": 0.09272134304046631}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198", "display_name": "Computer science", "level": 0, "score": 0.8215416669845581}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C79974875", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639", "display_name": "Cloud computing", "level": 2, "score": 0.6559300422668457}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C81860439", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212", "display_name": "Internet of Things", "level": 2, "score": 0.5586729049682617}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C75684735", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810", "display_name": "Big data", "level": 2, "score": 0.5176509022712708}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C9652623", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109", "display_name": "Field (mathematics)", "level": 2, "score": 0.5119975209236145}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C100776233", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2532492", "display_name": "Bridge (graph theory)", "level": 2, "score": 0.5038112998008728}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C79158427", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485396", "display_name": "Analytics", "level": 2, "score": 0.4652100205421448}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C207267971", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120208", "display_name": "Emerging technologies", "level": 2, "score": 0.4645504653453827}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C26517878", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039", "display_name": "Key (lock)", "level": 2, "score": 0.4464951753616333}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C110875604", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75", "display_name": "The Internet", "level": 2, "score": 0.4369746744632721}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2522767166", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463", "display_name": "Data science", "level": 1, "score": 0.42863017320632935}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C136764020", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466", "display_name": "World Wide Web", "level": 1, "score": 0.3064378499984741}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521", "display_name": "Computer security", "level": 1, "score": 0.2661331295967102}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "level": 1, "score": 0.09272134304046631}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C202444582", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863", "display_name": "Pure mathematics", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190", "display_name": "Medicine", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C111919701", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135", "display_name": "Operating system", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180", "display_name": "Internal medicine", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395", "display_name": "Mathematics", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}], "mesh": [], "locations_count": 2, "locations": [{"id": "doi:10.1109/comst.2015.2444095", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2015.2444095", "pdf_url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/9739/7331734/07123563.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S23688054", "display_name": "IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials", "issn_l": "1553-877X", "issn": ["1553-877X", "2373-745X"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319808", "host_organization_name": "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:qspace.qu.edu.qa:10576/36136", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "http://hdl.handle.net/10576/36136", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400014", "display_name": "Qatar University QSpace (Qatar University)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I60342839", "host_organization_name": "Qatar University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I60342839"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "", "raw_type": "Article"}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "doi:10.1109/comst.2015.2444095", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2015.2444095", "pdf_url": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/9739/7331734/07123563.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S23688054", "display_name": "IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials", "issn_l": "1553-877X", "issn": ["1553-877X", "2373-745X"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319808", "host_organization_name": "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [], "awards": [], "funders": [], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": true, "pdf": true}, "content_urls": {"pdf": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2134295053.pdf", "grobid_xml": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2134295053.grobid-xml"}, "referenced_works_count": 178, "referenced_works": ["https://openalex.org/W69486057", "https://openalex.org/W168729197", "https://openalex.org/W174358005", "https://openalex.org/W278205618", "https://openalex.org/W317521241", "https://openalex.org/W432310533", "https://openalex.org/W1489721681", "https://openalex.org/W1509772319", "https://openalex.org/W1520102093", "https://openalex.org/W1522692675", "https://openalex.org/W1572613925", "https://openalex.org/W1577231857", "https://openalex.org/W1664986634", "https://openalex.org/W1770571309", "https://openalex.org/W1868367550", "https://openalex.org/W1966908937", "https://openalex.org/W1968979302", "https://openalex.org/W1969839172", "https://openalex.org/W1970112359", "https://openalex.org/W1970777141", "https://openalex.org/W1970833525", "https://openalex.org/W1971459005", "https://openalex.org/W1973906278", "https://openalex.org/W1975215676", "https://openalex.org/W1975507068", "https://openalex.org/W1976262362", "https://openalex.org/W1977055495", "https://openalex.org/W1978796422", "https://openalex.org/W1979225264", "https://openalex.org/W1981475037", "https://openalex.org/W1981808094", "https://openalex.org/W1983980446", "https://openalex.org/W1985419898", "https://openalex.org/W1990318994", "https://openalex.org/W1993719651", "https://openalex.org/W1994927927", "https://openalex.org/W1995464719", "https://openalex.org/W1995518087", "https://openalex.org/W1995833791", "https://openalex.org/W1998690350", "https://openalex.org/W1999091132", "https://openalex.org/W1999495736", "https://openalex.org/W2003279608", "https://openalex.org/W2003574034", "https://openalex.org/W2004186798", "https://openalex.org/W2005446258", "https://openalex.org/W2006943941", "https://openalex.org/W2011700720", "https://openalex.org/W2014583667", "https://openalex.org/W2015200434", "https://openalex.org/W2016305885", "https://openalex.org/W2017866470", "https://openalex.org/W2019190697", "https://openalex.org/W2022709631", "https://openalex.org/W2024896395", "https://openalex.org/W2026293753", "https://openalex.org/W2027281287", "https://openalex.org/W2029100038", "https://openalex.org/W2029558291", "https://openalex.org/W2030022217", "https://openalex.org/W2031119644", "https://openalex.org/W2031850392", "https://openalex.org/W2031926216", "https://openalex.org/W2033347526", "https://openalex.org/W2036369155", "https://openalex.org/W2037633400", "https://openalex.org/W2037686763", "https://openalex.org/W2040879042", "https://openalex.org/W2041757462", "https://openalex.org/W2041785419", "https://openalex.org/W2043840961", "https://openalex.org/W2043926804", "https://openalex.org/W2047398363", "https://openalex.org/W2050958647", "https://openalex.org/W2053854024", "https://openalex.org/W2054822856", "https://openalex.org/W2057657218", "https://openalex.org/W2060750310", "https://openalex.org/W2060826581", "https://openalex.org/W2061624419", "https://openalex.org/W2065668400", "https://openalex.org/W2071240474", "https://openalex.org/W2071882027", "https://openalex.org/W2072641892", "https://openalex.org/W2075140109", "https://openalex.org/W2076129865", "https://openalex.org/W2077578706", "https://openalex.org/W2082928373", "https://openalex.org/W2085609861", "https://openalex.org/W2085956717", "https://openalex.org/W2088476070", "https://openalex.org/W2093145334", "https://openalex.org/W2094069010", "https://openalex.org/W2094729371", "https://openalex.org/W2095366857", "https://openalex.org/W2096433731", "https://openalex.org/W2096974968", "https://openalex.org/W2101609731", "https://openalex.org/W2102791710", "https://openalex.org/W2104164917", "https://openalex.org/W2105103777", "https://openalex.org/W2105975290", "https://openalex.org/W2109194613", "https://openalex.org/W2109682028", "https://openalex.org/W2110262254", "https://openalex.org/W2110767187", "https://openalex.org/W2111619626", "https://openalex.org/W2114131282", "https://openalex.org/W2114623221", "https://openalex.org/W2115377324", "https://openalex.org/W2116222864", "https://openalex.org/W2116769344", "https://openalex.org/W2117307746", "https://openalex.org/W2117397621", "https://openalex.org/W2118153514", "https://openalex.org/W2119531181", "https://openalex.org/W2120629158", "https://openalex.org/W2124240442", "https://openalex.org/W2125555950", "https://openalex.org/W2126311411", "https://openalex.org/W2127305011", "https://openalex.org/W2129135597", "https://openalex.org/W2130630988", "https://openalex.org/W2134522095", "https://openalex.org/W2137693329", "https://openalex.org/W2139092348", "https://openalex.org/W2140669960", "https://openalex.org/W2143506062", "https://openalex.org/W2147552061", "https://openalex.org/W2147685644", "https://openalex.org/W2153500642", "https://openalex.org/W2154478511", "https://openalex.org/W2155903900", "https://openalex.org/W2155908598", "https://openalex.org/W2156124015", "https://openalex.org/W2161073778", "https://openalex.org/W2166437320", "https://openalex.org/W2168267147", "https://openalex.org/W2169626207", "https://openalex.org/W2169810359", "https://openalex.org/W2170780561", "https://openalex.org/W2201610289", "https://openalex.org/W2232887944", "https://openalex.org/W2285144687", "https://openalex.org/W2314026516", "https://openalex.org/W2325877089", "https://openalex.org/W2403945237", "https://openalex.org/W2404804333", "https://openalex.org/W2488835038", "https://openalex.org/W2491917388", "https://openalex.org/W2540717427", "https://openalex.org/W2564566221", "https://openalex.org/W2981552608", "https://openalex.org/W2999025081", "https://openalex.org/W3140136943", "https://openalex.org/W4230622395", "https://openalex.org/W4232950056", "https://openalex.org/W4233933980", "https://openalex.org/W4298768441", "https://openalex.org/W6602793660", "https://openalex.org/W6607145636", "https://openalex.org/W6624503512", "https://openalex.org/W6631456152", "https://openalex.org/W6646200824", "https://openalex.org/W6650105910", "https://openalex.org/W6657980940", "https://openalex.org/W6667012393", "https://openalex.org/W6674289511", "https://openalex.org/W6675958114", "https://openalex.org/W6680422154", "https://openalex.org/W6681940739", "https://openalex.org/W6684742708", "https://openalex.org/W6687686953", "https://openalex.org/W6696105951", "https://openalex.org/W6713062393", "https://openalex.org/W6723123923", "https://openalex.org/W6730999400", "https://openalex.org/W6811998686"], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W4287605407", "https://openalex.org/W3097243301", "https://openalex.org/W4385451292", "https://openalex.org/W2995566914", "https://openalex.org/W4200184607", "https://openalex.org/W4214869855", "https://openalex.org/W3114771222", "https://openalex.org/W4298211017", "https://openalex.org/W4200020201", "https://openalex.org/W4293226363"], "abstract_inverted_index": {"This": [0, 104], "paper": [1, 105, 265], "provides": [2], "an": [3, 118, 195], "overview": [4, 111, 119, 196], "of": [5, 8, 55, 74, 100, 112, 120, 151, 197, 199, 213], "the": [6, 25, 71, 75, 78, 81, 113, 127, 140, 152, 173, 189, 200, 206, 220, 223, 241, 259, 264], "Internet": [7, 35], "Things": [9], "(IoT)": [10], "with": [11], "emphasis": [12], "on": [13, 171], "enabling": [14, 129], "technologies,": [15, 33, 130], "protocols,": [16, 131], "and": [17, 34, 63, 132, 156, 162, 188, 209, 225, 233, 235], "application": [18, 157, 163], "issues.": [19], "The": [20, 37, 57], "IoT": [21, 82, 128, 202, 224, 248, 271], "is": [22, 40, 83, 144], "enabled": [23], "by": [24, 93, 107], "latest": [26], "developments": [27], "in": [28, 60, 98, 139, 205, 263], "RFID,": [29], "smart": [30, 43], "sensors,": [31], "communication": [32], "protocols.": [36], "basic": [38], "premise": [39], "to": [41, 50, 85, 89, 126, 135, 145, 159, 165, 168, 178, 184, 256, 268], "have": [42], "sensors": [44], "collaborate": [45], "directly": [46], "without": [47, 182], "human": [48], "involvement": [49], "deliver": [51, 179, 269], "a": [52, 109, 147, 211], "new": [53, 91], "class": [54], "applications.": [56, 133], "current": [58], "revolution": [59], "Internet,": [61], "mobile,": [62], "machine-to-machine": [64], "(M2M)": [65], "technologies": [66, 88, 228], "can": [67], "be": [68], "seen": [69], "as": [70], "first": [72], "phase": [73], "IoT.": [76, 114], "In": [77], "coming": [79], "years,": [80], "expected": [84], "bridge": [86], "diverse": [87], "enable": [90, 160], "applications": [92], "connecting": [94], "physical": [95], "objects": [96], "together": [97, 177, 267], "support": [99], "intelligent": [101], "decision": [102], "making.": [103], "starts": [106], "providing": [108], "horizontal": [110, 245], "Then,": [115], "we": [116, 218, 251], "give": [117], "some": [121, 198], "technical": [122], "details": [123], "that": [124], "pertain": [125], "Compared": [134], "other": [136, 226], "survey": [137], "papers": [138], "field,": [141], "our": [142], "objective": [143], "provide": [146, 194, 210], "more": [148], "thorough": [149], "summary": [150, 212], "most": [153], "relevant": [154], "protocols": [155, 175, 261], "issues": [158], "researchers": [161], "developers": [164], "get": [166], "up": [167], "speed": [169], "quickly": [170], "how": [172, 258], "different": [174, 260], "fit": [176, 266], "desired": [180, 270], "functionalities": [181], "having": [183], "go": [185], "through": [186], "RFCs": [187], "standards": [190], "specifications.": [191], "We": [192, 238], "also": [193, 239], "key": [201], "challenges": [203], "presented": [204, 262], "recent": [207], "literature": [208], "related": [214], "research": [215], "work.": [216], "Moreover,": [217], "explore": [219], "relation": [221], "between": [222], "emerging": [227], "including": [229], "big": [230], "data": [231], "analytics": [232], "cloud": [234], "fog": [236], "computing.": [237], "present": [240, 252], "need": [242], "for": [243], "better": [244], "integration": [246], "among": [247], "services.": [249, 272], "Finally,": [250], "detailed": [253], "service": [254], "use-cases": [255], "illustrate": [257]}, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 475}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 717}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 705}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 819}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 813}, {"year": 2021, "cited_by_count": 992}, {"year": 2020, "cited_by_count": 1168}, {"year": 2019, "cited_by_count": 1063}, {"year": 2018, "cited_by_count": 957}, {"year": 2017, "cited_by_count": 610}, {"year": 2016, "cited_by_count": 241}, {"year": 2015, "cited_by_count": 13}, {"year": 2013, "cited_by_count": 1}], "updated_date": "2026-09-15T07:32:03.291174", "created_date": "2025-10-10T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4281398834", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.004", "title": "Understanding the role of digital technologies in education: A review", "display_name": "Understanding the role of digital technologies in education: A review", "relevance_score": 625.6585, "publication_year": 2022, "publication_date": "2022-01-01", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W4281398834", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.004"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.004", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.004", "pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666412722000137/pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210180919", "display_name": "Sustainable Operations and Computers", "issn_l": "2666-4127", "issn": ["2666-4127"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Sustainable Operations and Computers", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "type": "article", "indexed_in": ["crossref", "doaj"], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "gold", "oa_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666412722000137/pdf", "any_repository_has_fulltext": false}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5087686222", "display_name": "Abid Haleem", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3487-0229"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I59475050", "display_name": "Jamia Millia Islamia", "ror": "https://ror.org/00pnhhv55", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I59475050"]}], "countries": ["IN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Abid Haleem", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I59475050"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5001731771", "display_name": "Mohd Javaid", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8871-2886"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I59475050", "display_name": "Jamia Millia Islamia", "ror": "https://ror.org/00pnhhv55", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I59475050"]}], "countries": ["IN"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Mohd Javaid", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I59475050"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5047686317", "display_name": "Mohammad Asim Qadri", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1142-0508"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I155125381", "display_name": "Galgotias University", "ror": "https://ror.org/02w8ba206", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I155125381"]}], "countries": ["IN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Mohd Asim Qadri", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Galgotias College of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, India"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1142-0508", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, Galgotias College of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, India", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I155125381"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5065005095", "display_name": "Rajiv Suman", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I252758333", "display_name": "Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/02msjvh03", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I252758333"]}], "countries": ["IN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Rajiv Suman", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Industrial & Production Engineering, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Industrial & Production Engineering, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I252758333"]}]}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 1, "institutions_distinct_count": 3, "corresponding_author_ids": ["https://openalex.org/A5001731771"], "corresponding_institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I59475050"], "apc_list": {"value": 700, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 700}, "apc_paid": {"value": 700, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 700}, "fwci": 706.5069, "has_fulltext": true, "cited_by_count": 2584, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 1.0, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 88, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": "3", "issue": null, "first_page": "275", "last_page": "285"}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12338", "display_name": "Digital literacy in education", "score": 0.9887999892234802, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12338", "display_name": "Digital literacy in education", "score": 0.9887999892234802, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T14182", "display_name": "Technology-Enhanced Education Studies", "score": 0.9805999994277954, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3304", "display_name": "Education"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13895", "display_name": "Educational Leadership and Innovation", "score": 0.9768000245094299, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3304", "display_name": "Education"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science", "display_name": "Computer science", "score": 0.35067716240882874}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-ethics", "display_name": "Engineering ethics", "score": 0.3245829939842224}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering", "display_name": "Engineering", "score": 0.24235987663269043}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198", "display_name": "Computer science", "level": 0, "score": 0.35067716240882874}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C55587333", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029", "display_name": "Engineering ethics", "level": 1, "score": 0.3245829939842224}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023", "display_name": "Engineering", "level": 0, "score": 0.24235987663269043}], "mesh": [], "locations_count": 2, "locations": [{"id": "doi:10.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.004", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.004", "pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666412722000137/pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210180919", "display_name": "Sustainable Operations and Computers", "issn_l": "2666-4127", "issn": ["2666-4127"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Sustainable Operations and Computers", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:af73f992ed85483ebff8b618bff060dc", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doaj.org/article/af73f992ed85483ebff8b618bff060dc", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280", "display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "Sustainable Operations and Computers, Vol 3, Iss , Pp 275-285 (2022)", "raw_type": "article"}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "doi:10.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.004", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.004", "pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666412722000137/pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210180919", "display_name": "Sustainable Operations and Computers", "issn_l": "2666-4127", "issn": ["2666-4127"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Sustainable Operations and Computers", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [{"score": 0.5799999833106995, "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7", "display_name": "Affordable and clean energy"}], "awards": [], "funders": [], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": true, "pdf": true}, "content_urls": {"pdf": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W4281398834.pdf", "grobid_xml": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W4281398834.grobid-xml"}, "referenced_works_count": 257, "referenced_works": ["https://openalex.org/W59607599", "https://openalex.org/W180579475", "https://openalex.org/W191038677", "https://openalex.org/W1488450386", "https://openalex.org/W1494206004", "https://openalex.org/W1494786983", "https://openalex.org/W1512735724", "https://openalex.org/W1524441243", "https://openalex.org/W1528841637", "https://openalex.org/W1529758950", "https://openalex.org/W1557109670", "https://openalex.org/W1577497515", "https://openalex.org/W1578218124", "https://openalex.org/W1800434922", "https://openalex.org/W1862479034", "https://openalex.org/W1969641600", "https://openalex.org/W1973656803", "https://openalex.org/W1974202796", "https://openalex.org/W1976573550", "https://openalex.org/W1978192408", "https://openalex.org/W1980763109", "https://openalex.org/W1992097573", "https://openalex.org/W1994729596", "https://openalex.org/W1998628365", "https://openalex.org/W2001799343", "https://openalex.org/W2007243182", "https://openalex.org/W2008964833", "https://openalex.org/W2009293504", "https://openalex.org/W2010971214", "https://openalex.org/W2017874820", "https://openalex.org/W2025299654", "https://openalex.org/W2028402154", "https://openalex.org/W2037052435", "https://openalex.org/W2042096406", "https://openalex.org/W2042554746", "https://openalex.org/W2049949643", "https://openalex.org/W2051829808", "https://openalex.org/W2056493336", "https://openalex.org/W2056566467", "https://openalex.org/W2062937359", "https://openalex.org/W2064956680", "https://openalex.org/W2066875429", "https://openalex.org/W2069042359", "https://openalex.org/W2070408925", "https://openalex.org/W2072921738", "https://openalex.org/W2077627694", "https://openalex.org/W2079621216", "https://openalex.org/W2080009604", "https://openalex.org/W2082622480", "https://openalex.org/W2087106966", "https://openalex.org/W2087805161", "https://openalex.org/W2090939768", "https://openalex.org/W2093969380", "https://openalex.org/W2094841150", "https://openalex.org/W2104959792", "https://openalex.org/W2106932962", "https://openalex.org/W2108008602", "https://openalex.org/W2115146825", "https://openalex.org/W2120606037", "https://openalex.org/W2123949299", "https://openalex.org/W2127127199", "https://openalex.org/W2138053886", "https://openalex.org/W2143696105", "https://openalex.org/W2144775906", "https://openalex.org/W2147248056", "https://openalex.org/W2155429446", "https://openalex.org/W2159236329", "https://openalex.org/W2160269678", "https://openalex.org/W2163072483", "https://openalex.org/W2168793193", "https://openalex.org/W2169341847", "https://openalex.org/W2183979570", "https://openalex.org/W2186615947", "https://openalex.org/W2209541070", "https://openalex.org/W2254288564", "https://openalex.org/W2274151390", "https://openalex.org/W2318324593", "https://openalex.org/W2341016605", "https://openalex.org/W2416712945", "https://openalex.org/W2521300184", "https://openalex.org/W2570840996", "https://openalex.org/W2587352246", "https://openalex.org/W2593849361", "https://openalex.org/W2601813242", "https://openalex.org/W2617649784", "https://openalex.org/W2694039884", "https://openalex.org/W2742797553", "https://openalex.org/W2747932410", "https://openalex.org/W2756497542", "https://openalex.org/W2767580779", "https://openalex.org/W2792811443", "https://openalex.org/W2809163676", "https://openalex.org/W2846552109", "https://openalex.org/W2884402273", "https://openalex.org/W2911412425", "https://openalex.org/W2914641321", "https://openalex.org/W2945460612", "https://openalex.org/W2982249658", "https://openalex.org/W2987891860", "https://openalex.org/W2990714382", "https://openalex.org/W2991485364", "https://openalex.org/W2992929475", "https://openalex.org/W2993913068", "https://openalex.org/W3008259327", "https://openalex.org/W3009725171", "https://openalex.org/W3010392558", "https://openalex.org/W3017623177", "https://openalex.org/W3021248054", "https://openalex.org/W3027148609", "https://openalex.org/W3029723668", "https://openalex.org/W3037519139", "https://openalex.org/W3039090680", "https://openalex.org/W3039580367", "https://openalex.org/W3041360206", "https://openalex.org/W3043668368", "https://openalex.org/W3046322921", "https://openalex.org/W3047523429", "https://openalex.org/W3082253116", "https://openalex.org/W3087077658", "https://openalex.org/W3087146814", "https://openalex.org/W3089981751", "https://openalex.org/W3091878033", "https://openalex.org/W3091960823", "https://openalex.org/W3092809814", "https://openalex.org/W3094917167", "https://openalex.org/W3095018769", "https://openalex.org/W3095541756", "https://openalex.org/W3095980244", "https://openalex.org/W3109151985", "https://openalex.org/W3111839507", "https://openalex.org/W3115354108", "https://openalex.org/W3118337019", "https://openalex.org/W3120806386", "https://openalex.org/W3120852623", "https://openalex.org/W3121008011", "https://openalex.org/W3128371095", "https://openalex.org/W3132372686", "https://openalex.org/W3132740085", "https://openalex.org/W3135990429", "https://openalex.org/W3136127185", "https://openalex.org/W3138742452", "https://openalex.org/W3138903229", "https://openalex.org/W3139569467", "https://openalex.org/W3140241592", "https://openalex.org/W3153009291", "https://openalex.org/W3158410228", "https://openalex.org/W3165608755", "https://openalex.org/W3174789182", "https://openalex.org/W3175174449", "https://openalex.org/W3175793578", "https://openalex.org/W3178949862", "https://openalex.org/W3183660863", "https://openalex.org/W3184478725", "https://openalex.org/W3186096751", "https://openalex.org/W3188577156", "https://openalex.org/W3189090649", "https://openalex.org/W3194345283", "https://openalex.org/W3195755470", "https://openalex.org/W3196798210", "https://openalex.org/W3198567073", "https://openalex.org/W3199983001", "https://openalex.org/W3201239050", "https://openalex.org/W3201459341", "https://openalex.org/W3206299451", "https://openalex.org/W3206635870", "https://openalex.org/W3208280074", "https://openalex.org/W3208979806", "https://openalex.org/W3210331017", "https://openalex.org/W3211288522", "https://openalex.org/W4200092639", "https://openalex.org/W4200250981", "https://openalex.org/W4200515582", "https://openalex.org/W4200524203", "https://openalex.org/W4200558416", "https://openalex.org/W4206153507", "https://openalex.org/W4210347790", "https://openalex.org/W4213011969", "https://openalex.org/W4230443061", "https://openalex.org/W4232784072", "https://openalex.org/W4233023200", "https://openalex.org/W4235747281", "https://openalex.org/W4240289373", "https://openalex.org/W4241261824", "https://openalex.org/W4243761113", "https://openalex.org/W4249137107", "https://openalex.org/W4249683735", "https://openalex.org/W4250887430", "https://openalex.org/W4252472623", "https://openalex.org/W4255686019", "https://openalex.org/W4288082770", "https://openalex.org/W4291237106", "https://openalex.org/W6601611174", "https://openalex.org/W6603638585", "https://openalex.org/W6629628341", "https://openalex.org/W6629634566", "https://openalex.org/W6631429864", "https://openalex.org/W6631500038", "https://openalex.org/W6631593212", "https://openalex.org/W6638433682", "https://openalex.org/W6639479019", "https://openalex.org/W6644776959", "https://openalex.org/W6645346580", "https://openalex.org/W6649362204", "https://openalex.org/W6660561452", "https://openalex.org/W6664491490", "https://openalex.org/W6667207225", "https://openalex.org/W6674361486", "https://openalex.org/W6674794065", "https://openalex.org/W6676156528", "https://openalex.org/W6676272284", "https://openalex.org/W6678469013", "https://openalex.org/W6680664007", "https://openalex.org/W6683949151", "https://openalex.org/W6685081175", "https://openalex.org/W6685161687", "https://openalex.org/W6686494192", "https://openalex.org/W6698271014", "https://openalex.org/W6698917448", "https://openalex.org/W6722391069", "https://openalex.org/W6731212602", "https://openalex.org/W6732057604", "https://openalex.org/W6733578509", "https://openalex.org/W6740160779", "https://openalex.org/W6748232921", "https://openalex.org/W6752669306", "https://openalex.org/W6754478571", "https://openalex.org/W6758261752", "https://openalex.org/W6759922445", "https://openalex.org/W6770620748", "https://openalex.org/W6770780116", "https://openalex.org/W6771787945", "https://openalex.org/W6779696874", "https://openalex.org/W6782994100", "https://openalex.org/W6783716417", "https://openalex.org/W6784500307", "https://openalex.org/W6787995350", "https://openalex.org/W6788307011", "https://openalex.org/W6790213424", "https://openalex.org/W6790718970", "https://openalex.org/W6791327900", "https://openalex.org/W6791717087", "https://openalex.org/W6792081056", "https://openalex.org/W6792184573", "https://openalex.org/W6792719207", "https://openalex.org/W6794313714", "https://openalex.org/W6796013994", "https://openalex.org/W6797808744", "https://openalex.org/W6798095326", "https://openalex.org/W6798961815", "https://openalex.org/W6799672353", "https://openalex.org/W6799793698", "https://openalex.org/W6802446556", "https://openalex.org/W6803725905", "https://openalex.org/W6804810303", "https://openalex.org/W6804906827", "https://openalex.org/W6806734313", "https://openalex.org/W7048198875"], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W4391375266", "https://openalex.org/W2899084033", "https://openalex.org/W2748952813", "https://openalex.org/W2390279801", "https://openalex.org/W4391913857", "https://openalex.org/W2358668433", "https://openalex.org/W4396701345", "https://openalex.org/W2376932109", "https://openalex.org/W2001405890", "https://openalex.org/W4396696052"], "abstract_inverted_index": {"One": [0], "of": [1, 5, 104, 133, 151, 173], "the": [2, 6, 67, 92, 102, 118, 204], "fundamental": [3], "components": [4], "United": [7], "Nations\u2019": [8], "sustainable": [9], "development": [10], "2030": [11], "agenda": [12], "is": [13, 123, 177, 189, 201], "quality": [14, 23], "education.": [15, 108, 218], "It": [16, 122], "aims": [17], "to": [18, 35, 43, 57, 72, 163, 170, 182], "ensure": [19], "inclusive": [20], "and": [21, 54, 60, 77, 82, 137, 154, 161, 166, 211, 215], "equitable": [22], "education": [24, 93, 120, 143, 210], "for": [25, 148, 206], "all.": [26], "Digital": [27, 69], "technologies": [28, 40, 70, 85, 106, 111, 208], "have": [29, 86, 112, 144], "emerged": [30], "as": [31], "an": [32, 138, 175, 187], "essential": [33], "tool": [34], "achieve": [36], "this": [37], "goal.": [38], "These": [39, 84, 109, 191], "are": [41], "simple": [42], "detect": [44], "emissions": [45], "sources,": [46], "prevent": [47], "additional": [48], "damage": [49], "through": [50], "improved": [51], "energy": [52], "efficiency": [53], "lower-carbon": [55], "alternatives": [56], "fossil": [58], "fuels,": [59], "even": [61], "remove": [62], "surplus": [63], "greenhouse": [64], "gases": [65], "from": [66], "environment.": [68], "strive": [71], "decrease": [73], "or": [74], "eliminate": [75], "pollution": [76], "waste": [78], "while": [79], "increasing": [80, 195], "production": [81], "efficiency.": [83], "shown": [87], "a": [88, 114, 126, 131, 135, 171, 183], "powerful": [89], "impact": [90], "on": [91], "system.": [94, 121], "The": [95], "recent": [96], "COVID-19": [97], "Pandemic": [98], "has": [99], "further": [100], "institutionalised": [101], "applications": [103, 214], "digital": [105, 110, 207], "in": [107, 117, 142, 194, 197, 209, 217], "made": [113, 145], "paradigm": [115], "shift": [116], "entire": [119], "not": [124], "only": [125], "knowledge": [127], "provider": [128], "but": [129], "also": [130], "co-creator": [132], "information,": [134], "mentor,": [136], "assessor.": [139], "Technological": [140], "improvements": [141], "life": [146], "easier": [147], "students.": [149], "Instead": [150], "using": [152], "pen": [153], "paper,": [155], "students": [156], "nowadays": [157], "use": [158], "various": [159], "software": [160], "tools": [162], "create": [164], "presentations": [165], "projects.": [167], "When": [168, 180], "compared": [169], "stack": [172], "notebooks,": [174], "iPad": [176], "relatively": [178], "light.": [179], "opposed": [181], "weighty": [184], "book,": [185], "surfing": [186], "E-book": [188], "easier.": [190], "methods": [192], "aid": [193], "interest": [196], "research.": [198], "This": [199], "paper": [200], "brief": [202], "about": [203], "need": [205], "discusses": [212], "major": [213], "challenges": [216]}, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 338}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 848}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 923}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 459}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 15}, {"year": 2021, "cited_by_count": 1}], "updated_date": "2026-09-13T09:14:26.050021", "created_date": "2025-10-10T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W2995065029", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103778", "title": "A systematic review of immersive virtual reality applications for higher education: Design elements, lessons learned, and research agenda", "display_name": "A systematic review of immersive virtual reality applications for higher education: Design elements, lessons learned, and research agenda", "relevance_score": 563.3491, "publication_year": 2019, "publication_date": "2019-12-09", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W2995065029", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103778", "mag": "2995065029"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103778", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103778", "pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360131519303276/pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210172634", "display_name": "Computers & Education", "issn_l": "0360-1315", "issn": ["0360-1315", "1873-782X"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Computers & Education", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "type": "review", "indexed_in": ["crossref"], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "hybrid", "oa_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360131519303276/pdf", "any_repository_has_fulltext": true}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5019796528", "display_name": "Jaziar Radianti", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6860-1652"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I200650556", "display_name": "University of Agder", "ror": "https://ror.org/03x297z98", "country_code": "NO", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I200650556"]}], "countries": ["NO"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jaziar Radianti", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I200650556"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5001965543", "display_name": "Tim A. Majchrzak", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2581-9285"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I200650556", "display_name": "University of Agder", "ror": "https://ror.org/03x297z98", "country_code": "NO", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I200650556"]}], "countries": ["NO"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Tim A. Majchrzak", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I200650556"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5022108327", "display_name": "Jennifer Fromm", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2314-1546"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I62318514", "display_name": "University of Duisburg-Essen", "ror": "https://ror.org/04mz5ra38", "country_code": "DE", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}], "countries": ["DE"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jennifer Fromm", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["University of Duisburg\u2013Essen, Duisburg, Germany"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Duisburg\u2013Essen, Duisburg, Germany", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5045110470", "display_name": "Isabell Wohlgenannt", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I184656255", "display_name": "University of Liechtenstein", "ror": "https://ror.org/01qjrx392", "country_code": "LI", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I184656255"]}], "countries": ["LI"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Isabell Wohlgenannt", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["University of Liechtenstein, Vaduz, Liechtenstein"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Liechtenstein, Vaduz, Liechtenstein", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I184656255"]}]}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 3, "institutions_distinct_count": 3, "corresponding_author_ids": ["https://openalex.org/A5001965543"], "corresponding_institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I200650556"], "apc_list": {"value": 2100, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 2100}, "apc_paid": {"value": 2100, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 2100}, "fwci": 19.4967, "has_fulltext": true, "cited_by_count": 3469, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 1.0, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 94, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": "147", "issue": null, "first_page": "103778", "last_page": "103778"}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10648", "display_name": "Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts", "score": 1.0, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1709", "display_name": "Human-Computer Interaction"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10648", "display_name": "Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts", "score": 1.0, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1709", "display_name": "Human-Computer Interaction"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10888", "display_name": "Augmented Reality Applications", "score": 0.9847000241279602, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1707", "display_name": "Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11165", "display_name": "Image and Video Quality Assessment", "score": 0.96670001745224, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1707", "display_name": "Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science", "display_name": "Computer science", "score": 0.6733928322792053}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality", "display_name": "Virtual reality", "score": 0.671555757522583}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/usability", "display_name": "Usability", "score": 0.6685206294059753}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/domain", "display_name": "Domain (mathematical analysis)", "score": 0.5078471302986145}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/instructional-simulation", "display_name": "Instructional simulation", "score": 0.5000219345092773}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/key", "display_name": "Key (lock)", "score": 0.4882776737213135}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction", "display_name": "Human\u2013computer interaction", "score": 0.4847716689109802}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/inclusion", "display_name": "Inclusion (mineral)", "score": 0.4198644459247589}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia", "display_name": "Multimedia", "score": 0.339526891708374}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology", "display_name": "Psychology", "score": 0.10455730557441711}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198", "display_name": "Computer science", "level": 0, "score": 0.6733928322792053}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C194969405", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519", "display_name": "Virtual reality", "level": 2, "score": 0.671555757522583}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C170130773", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378", "display_name": "Usability", "level": 2, "score": 0.6685206294059753}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C36503486", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244", "display_name": "Domain (mathematical analysis)", "level": 2, "score": 0.5078471302986145}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C178624890", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17056636", "display_name": "Instructional simulation", "level": 3, "score": 0.5000219345092773}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C26517878", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039", "display_name": "Key (lock)", "level": 2, "score": 0.4882776737213135}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C107457646", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434", "display_name": "Human\u2013computer interaction", "level": 1, "score": 0.4847716689109802}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C109359841", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728944", "display_name": "Inclusion (mineral)", "level": 2, "score": 0.4198644459247589}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C49774154", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765", "display_name": "Multimedia", "level": 1, "score": 0.339526891708374}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418", "display_name": "Psychology", "level": 0, "score": 0.10455730557441711}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521", "display_name": "Computer security", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272", "display_name": "Social psychology", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754", "display_name": "Mathematical analysis", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395", "display_name": "Mathematics", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}], "mesh": [], "locations_count": 2, "locations": [{"id": "doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103778", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103778", "pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360131519303276/pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210172634", "display_name": "Computers & Education", "issn_l": "0360-1315", "issn": ["0360-1315", "1873-782X"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Computers & Education", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:uia.brage.unit.no:11250/2736325", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2736325", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S7407064446", "display_name": "NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "147", "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103778", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103778", "pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360131519303276/pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210172634", "display_name": "Computers & Education", "issn_l": "0360-1315", "issn": ["0360-1315", "1873-782X"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Computers & Education", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [{"score": 0.6399999856948853, "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4", "display_name": "Quality Education"}], "awards": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/G1756039910", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "KA-203", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320320300", "funder_display_name": "European Commission"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G1908855435", "display_name": "Virtual Reality in Higher Education: Application Scenarios and Recommendations", "funder_award_id": "2018-1-LI01-KA203-000107", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320335551", "funder_display_name": "Erasmus+"}], "funders": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320320300", "display_name": "European Commission", "ror": "https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320335551", "display_name": "Erasmus+", "ror": "https://ror.org/01v2m4n16"}], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": true, "pdf": true}, "content_urls": {"pdf": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2995065029.pdf", "grobid_xml": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2995065029.grobid-xml"}, "referenced_works_count": 151, "referenced_works": ["https://openalex.org/W20337161", "https://openalex.org/W46614099", "https://openalex.org/W122119493", "https://openalex.org/W354493725", "https://openalex.org/W1507248378", "https://openalex.org/W1507769851", "https://openalex.org/W1521086450", "https://openalex.org/W1551717579", "https://openalex.org/W1568871075", "https://openalex.org/W1592262301", "https://openalex.org/W1599366360", "https://openalex.org/W1602376929", "https://openalex.org/W1714723801", "https://openalex.org/W1967755102", "https://openalex.org/W1981098387", "https://openalex.org/W1992043772", "https://openalex.org/W2008444575", "https://openalex.org/W2012378416", "https://openalex.org/W2016529351", "https://openalex.org/W2017131732", "https://openalex.org/W2023662171", "https://openalex.org/W2024074057", "https://openalex.org/W2029317430", "https://openalex.org/W2044754442", "https://openalex.org/W2060054382", "https://openalex.org/W2065699423", "https://openalex.org/W2079354197", "https://openalex.org/W2083331419", "https://openalex.org/W2100071513", "https://openalex.org/W2106956101", "https://openalex.org/W2110523444", "https://openalex.org/W2111628838", "https://openalex.org/W2113702535", "https://openalex.org/W2114351062", "https://openalex.org/W2120820700", "https://openalex.org/W2126520272", "https://openalex.org/W2128957398", "https://openalex.org/W2129364662", "https://openalex.org/W2134652709", "https://openalex.org/W2136757566", "https://openalex.org/W2136881575", "https://openalex.org/W2149332308", "https://openalex.org/W2172146914", "https://openalex.org/W2338132882", "https://openalex.org/W2470859897", "https://openalex.org/W2484587892", "https://openalex.org/W2494998521", "https://openalex.org/W2546331732", "https://openalex.org/W2563668988", "https://openalex.org/W2587549984", "https://openalex.org/W2594864586", "https://openalex.org/W2604528181", "https://openalex.org/W2613591388", "https://openalex.org/W2614910844", "https://openalex.org/W2725123140", "https://openalex.org/W2742718039", "https://openalex.org/W2742776805", "https://openalex.org/W2742938493", "https://openalex.org/W2743206199", "https://openalex.org/W2757821385", "https://openalex.org/W2761185695", "https://openalex.org/W2767329005", "https://openalex.org/W2767451413", "https://openalex.org/W2767566835", "https://openalex.org/W2770934685", "https://openalex.org/W2778015594", "https://openalex.org/W2785863382", "https://openalex.org/W2786249327", "https://openalex.org/W2787519614", "https://openalex.org/W2789736998", "https://openalex.org/W2789737965", "https://openalex.org/W2790824500", "https://openalex.org/W2792133971", "https://openalex.org/W2794615005", "https://openalex.org/W2796137849", "https://openalex.org/W2796256149", "https://openalex.org/W2796318591", "https://openalex.org/W2802403297", "https://openalex.org/W2803959925", "https://openalex.org/W2805019964", "https://openalex.org/W2805887472", "https://openalex.org/W2807541197", "https://openalex.org/W2809515324", "https://openalex.org/W2811502435", "https://openalex.org/W2888768392", "https://openalex.org/W2889258828", "https://openalex.org/W2894326578", "https://openalex.org/W2896024208", "https://openalex.org/W2898998382", "https://openalex.org/W2899300466", "https://openalex.org/W2900857541", "https://openalex.org/W2906706977", "https://openalex.org/W2962275200", "https://openalex.org/W2964067883", "https://openalex.org/W2966164731", "https://openalex.org/W2968419911", "https://openalex.org/W2992970211", "https://openalex.org/W3013171296", "https://openalex.org/W3035034677", "https://openalex.org/W3097978619", "https://openalex.org/W3101900159", "https://openalex.org/W3209889650", "https://openalex.org/W4230912468", "https://openalex.org/W4231348618", "https://openalex.org/W4232207271", "https://openalex.org/W4235490336", "https://openalex.org/W4238270255", "https://openalex.org/W4241850560", "https://openalex.org/W4242428341", "https://openalex.org/W4249582418", "https://openalex.org/W4255447332", "https://openalex.org/W4300538459", "https://openalex.org/W4365800115", "https://openalex.org/W6605002229", "https://openalex.org/W6635672374", "https://openalex.org/W6653586811", "https://openalex.org/W6654645661", "https://openalex.org/W6674978894", "https://openalex.org/W6676235441", "https://openalex.org/W6676438329", "https://openalex.org/W6677193325", "https://openalex.org/W6678064627", "https://openalex.org/W6678903735", "https://openalex.org/W6679435161", "https://openalex.org/W6720553980", "https://openalex.org/W6723226224", "https://openalex.org/W6728864143", "https://openalex.org/W6736393916", "https://openalex.org/W6737674733", "https://openalex.org/W6741485501", "https://openalex.org/W6741875305", "https://openalex.org/W6742003763", "https://openalex.org/W6742534079", "https://openalex.org/W6744546884", "https://openalex.org/W6744552983", "https://openalex.org/W6745137410", "https://openalex.org/W6745887982", "https://openalex.org/W6748471140", "https://openalex.org/W6748592916", "https://openalex.org/W6748814276", "https://openalex.org/W6750353039", "https://openalex.org/W6751327802", "https://openalex.org/W6752137870", "https://openalex.org/W6755381630", "https://openalex.org/W6755622669", "https://openalex.org/W6756609513", "https://openalex.org/W6757125441", "https://openalex.org/W6765841097", "https://openalex.org/W6766697975", "https://openalex.org/W6770879843", "https://openalex.org/W6785433022"], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W3139240488", "https://openalex.org/W2917384970", "https://openalex.org/W2180550242", "https://openalex.org/W4398196967", "https://openalex.org/W4400694276", "https://openalex.org/W602464118", "https://openalex.org/W2100449799", "https://openalex.org/W2798505380", "https://openalex.org/W2132744479", "https://openalex.org/W2963106641"], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Researchers": [0], "have": [1, 38], "explored": [2], "the": [3, 48, 73, 114, 121, 124, 129, 163, 168, 191, 203, 274], "benefits": [4], "and": [5, 18, 53, 105, 128, 146, 149, 153, 185, 210, 220], "applications": [6, 196], "of": [7, 50, 68, 75, 120, 165, 193, 202, 207, 218, 250, 263], "virtual": [8], "reality": [9], "(VR)": [10], "in": [11, 21, 77, 92, 118, 162, 167, 179, 228, 253, 273], "different": [12], "scenarios.": [13], "VR": [14, 41, 76, 125, 166, 180, 195, 204, 212, 232, 264], "possesses": [15], "much": [16, 25], "potential": [17], "its": [19], "application": [20, 74, 144, 164, 181, 244], "education": [22, 44, 170], "has": [23, 158, 197, 213], "seen": [24], "research": [26, 70], "interest": [27], "lately.": [28], "However,": [29], "little": [30], "systematic": [31, 62], "work": [32, 222, 272], "currently": [33], "exists": [34], "on": [35, 200], "how": [36], "researchers": [37], "applied": [39, 226], "immersive": [40, 211], "for": [42, 135, 266], "higher": [43, 78, 169], "purposes": [45], "that": [46], "considers": [47], "usage": [49], "both": [51], "high-end": [52], "budget": [54], "head-mounted": [55], "displays": [56], "(HMDs).": [57], "Hence,": [58], "we": [59], "propose": [60], "using": [61, 101], "mapping": [63, 140], "to": [64, 72, 183, 234], "identify": [65], "design": [66, 126, 151, 265], "elements": [67, 152], "existing": [69], "dedicated": [71], "education.": [79], "The": [80, 139, 256], "reviewed": [81], "articles": [82], "were": [83, 98, 175], "acquired": [84], "by": [85], "extracting": [86], "key": [87, 112], "information": [88], "from": [89], "documents": [90], "indexed": [91], "four": [93], "scientific": [94], "digital": [95], "libraries,": [96], "which": [97, 268], "filtered": [99], "systematically": [100], "exclusion,": [102], "inclusion,": [103], "semi-automatic,": [104], "manual": [106], "methods.": [107], "Our": [108, 156], "review": [109], "emphasizes": [110], "three": [111], "points:": [113], "current": [115], "domain": [116], "structure": [117], "terms": [119], "learning": [122, 130, 147, 154, 173, 188, 208], "contents,": [123], "elements,": [127], "theories,": [131], "as": [132, 239], "a": [133, 216, 236, 247], "foundation": [134], "successful": [136], "VR-based": [137], "learning.": [138], "was": [141], "conducted": [142], "between": [143, 150], "domains": [145], "contents": [148], "contents.": [155], "analysis": [157], "uncovered": [159], "several": [160], "gaps": [161, 258], "sphere\u2014for": [171], "instance,": [172], "theories": [174], "not": [176], "often": [177], "considered": [178], "development": [182, 221], "assist": [184], "guide": [186], "toward": [187, 260], "outcomes.": [189], "Furthermore,": [190], "evaluation": [192], "educational": [194], "primarily": [198], "focused": [199], "usability": [201], "apps": [205], "instead": [206], "outcomes": [209], "mostly": [214], "been": [215], "part": [217], "experimental": [219], "rather": [223], "than": [224], "being": [225], "regularly": [227], "actual": [229], "teaching.": [230], "Nevertheless,": [231], "seems": [233], "be": [235], "promising": [237], "sphere": [238], "this": [240, 251], "study": [241], "identifies": [242], "18": [243], "domains,": [245], "indicating": [246], "better": [248], "reception": [249], "technology": [252], "many": [254], "disciplines.": [255], "identified": [257], "point": [259], "unexplored": [261], "regions": [262], "education,": [267], "could": [269], "motivate": [270], "future": [271], "field.": [275]}, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 765}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 718}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 610}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 568}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 438}, {"year": 2021, "cited_by_count": 265}, {"year": 2020, "cited_by_count": 99}, {"year": 2019, "cited_by_count": 4}, {"year": 2013, "cited_by_count": 2}], "updated_date": "2026-09-15T07:32:03.291174", "created_date": "2025-10-10T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W3110989801", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-020-2955-6", "title": "Towards 6G wireless communication networks: vision, enabling technologies, and new paradigm shifts", "display_name": "Towards 6G wireless communication networks: vision, enabling technologies, and new paradigm shifts", "relevance_score": 559.56165, "publication_year": 2020, "publication_date": "2020-11-24", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W3110989801", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-020-2955-6", "mag": "3110989801"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1007/s11432-020-2955-6", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-020-2955-6", "pdf_url": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11432-020-2955-6.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210218743", "display_name": "Science China Information Sciences", "issn_l": "1869-1919", "issn": ["1869-1919", "1674-733X"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319965", "host_organization_name": "Springer Nature", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Springer Nature"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Science China Information Sciences", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "type": "article", "indexed_in": ["crossref"], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "hybrid", "oa_url": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11432-020-2955-6.pdf", "any_repository_has_fulltext": true}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5072916702", "display_name": "Xiaohu You", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0809-8511"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Xiaohu You", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100779393", "display_name": "Cheng\u2010Xiang Wang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9729-9592"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Cheng-Xiang Wang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5067124131", "display_name": "Jie Huang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1497-2906"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jie Huang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5050692023", "display_name": "Xiqi Gao", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9107-6593"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Xiqi Gao", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5027587940", "display_name": "Zaichen Zhang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4301-8713"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Zaichen Zhang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5111663717", "display_name": "Mao Wang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6557-8212"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Mao Wang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5056225611", "display_name": "Yongming Huang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3616-4616"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Yongming Huang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100380082", "display_name": "Chuan Zhang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7736-6487"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Chuan Zhang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5014004455", "display_name": "Yanxiang Jiang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8062-7767"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Yanxiang Jiang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5085579919", "display_name": "Jiaheng Wang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9783-5471"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jiaheng Wang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5067517357", "display_name": "Min Zhu", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4359-1552"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Min Zhu", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5101974716", "display_name": "Bin Sheng", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7613-2451"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Bin Sheng", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100737019", "display_name": "Dongming Wang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2762-6567"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Dongming Wang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5021942394", "display_name": "Zhiwen Pan", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7266-7264"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Zhiwen Pan", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5050166453", "display_name": "Pengcheng Zhu", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9867-7041"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Pengcheng Zhu", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100397725", "display_name": "Yang Yang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0608-9408"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I30809798", "display_name": "ShanghaiTech University", "ror": "https://ror.org/030bhh786", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210136793", "display_name": "Peng Cheng Laboratory", "ror": "https://ror.org/03qdqbt06", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210151021", "display_name": "Shanghai Institute of Computing Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/05ek0ze18", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210151021"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Yang Yang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Research Center for Network Communication, Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518000, China", "Shanghai Institute of Fog Computing Technology (SHIFT), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Research Center for Network Communication, Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518000, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Shanghai Institute of Fog Computing Technology (SHIFT), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I30809798", "https://openalex.org/I4210151021"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5017137213", "display_name": "Zening Liu", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3390-4976"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Zening Liu", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100405787", "display_name": "Ping Zhang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0269-104X"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I139759216", "display_name": "Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications", "ror": "https://ror.org/04w9fbh59", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ping Zhang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100624765", "display_name": "Xiaofeng Tao", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9518-1622"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I139759216", "display_name": "Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications", "ror": "https://ror.org/04w9fbh59", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Xiaofeng Tao", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Network Technologies, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Network Technologies, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5020825307", "display_name": "Shaoqian Li", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7030-3195"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I150229711", "display_name": "University of Electronic Science and Technology of China", "ror": "https://ror.org/04qr3zq92", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Shaoqian Li", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, 611731, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, 611731, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100456848", "display_name": "Zhi Chen", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2943-9861"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I150229711", "display_name": "University of Electronic Science and Technology of China", "ror": "https://ror.org/04qr3zq92", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4391768253", "display_name": "State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves", "ror": "https://ror.org/02q1v5910", "country_code": null, "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4391768253", "https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Zhi Chen", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, 611731, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4391768253", "https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, 611731, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5084070649", "display_name": "Xinying Ma", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8489-5360"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I150229711", "display_name": "University of Electronic Science and Technology of China", "ror": "https://ror.org/04qr3zq92", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Xinying Ma", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, 611731, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, 611731, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5067414898", "display_name": "I Chih\u2010Lin", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6817-4352"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I180662265", "display_name": "China Mobile (China)", "ror": "https://ror.org/05gftfe97", "country_code": "CN", "type": "company", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Chih-Lin I", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, 100053, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, 100053, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5085074267", "display_name": "Shuangfeng Han", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8219-5400"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I180662265", "display_name": "China Mobile (China)", "ror": "https://ror.org/05gftfe97", "country_code": "CN", "type": "company", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Shuangfeng Han", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, 100053, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, 100053, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100343473", "display_name": "Ke Li", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1115-9194"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I180662265", "display_name": "China Mobile (China)", "ror": "https://ror.org/05gftfe97", "country_code": "CN", "type": "company", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ke Li", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, 100053, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, 100053, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5086986062", "display_name": "Chengkang Pan", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7461-2016"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I180662265", "display_name": "China Mobile (China)", "ror": "https://ror.org/05gftfe97", "country_code": "CN", "type": "company", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Chengkang Pan", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, 100053, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, 100053, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5065009679", "display_name": "Zhimin Zheng", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I180662265", "display_name": "China Mobile (China)", "ror": "https://ror.org/05gftfe97", "country_code": "CN", "type": "company", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Zhimin Zheng", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, 100053, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, 100053, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Lajos Hanzo", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I43439940", "display_name": "University of Southampton", "ror": "https://ror.org/01ryk1543", "country_code": "GB", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}], "countries": ["GB"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Lajos Hanzo", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100773343", "display_name": "Xuemin Shen", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4140-287X"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Xuemin (Sherman) Shen", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Yingjie Jay Guo", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I114017466", "display_name": "University of Technology Sydney", "ror": "https://ror.org/03f0f6041", "country_code": "AU", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}], "countries": ["AU"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Yingjie Jay Guo", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Global Big Data Technologies Centre (GBDTC), University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Global Big Data Technologies Centre (GBDTC), University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5002904166", "display_name": "Zhiguo Ding", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5280-384X"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I28407311", "display_name": "University of Manchester", "ror": "https://ror.org/027m9bs27", "country_code": "GB", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}], "countries": ["GB"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Zhiguo Ding", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5074320996", "display_name": "Harald Haas", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9705-2701"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I98677209", "display_name": "University of Edinburgh", "ror": "https://ror.org/01nrxwf90", "country_code": "GB", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}], "countries": ["GB"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Harald Haas", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["LiFi Research and Development Centre, Institute for Digital Communications, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JL, UK"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "LiFi Research and Development Centre, Institute for Digital Communications, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JL, UK", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5037280215", "display_name": "Wen Tong", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4240-0892"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210115038", "display_name": "Huawei Technologies (Canada)", "ror": "https://ror.org/026venb53", "country_code": "CA", "type": "company", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I2250955327", "https://openalex.org/I4210115038"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Wen Tong", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Huawei Technologies Canada Co., Ltd., Ottawa, K2K 3J1, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Huawei Technologies Canada Co., Ltd., Ottawa, K2K 3J1, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210115038"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5102496658", "display_name": "Peiying Zhu", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8801-3206"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210115038", "display_name": "Huawei Technologies (Canada)", "ror": "https://ror.org/026venb53", "country_code": "CA", "type": "company", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I2250955327", "https://openalex.org/I4210115038"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CA", "CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Peiying Zhu", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "Huawei Technologies Canada Co., Ltd., Ottawa, K2K 3J1, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Huawei Technologies Canada Co., Ltd., Ottawa, K2K 3J1, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210115038"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5006208485", "display_name": "Ganghua Yang", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I2250955327", "display_name": "Huawei Technologies (China)", "ror": "https://ror.org/00cmhce21", "country_code": "CN", "type": "company", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ganghua Yang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Huawei Technologies, Shanghai, 201206, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Huawei Technologies, Shanghai, 201206, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5084169778", "display_name": "Jun Wang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0064-3551"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I2250955327", "display_name": "Huawei Technologies (China)", "ror": "https://ror.org/00cmhce21", "country_code": "CN", "type": "company", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jun Wang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "Huawei Technologies, Hangzhou, 310007, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Huawei Technologies, Hangzhou, 310007, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5043552696", "display_name": "Erik G. Larsson", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7599-4367"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I102134673", "display_name": "Link\u00f6ping University", "ror": "https://ror.org/05ynxx418", "country_code": "SE", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}], "countries": ["SE"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Erik G. Larsson", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Electrical Engineering (ISY), Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, 581 83, Sweden"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Electrical Engineering (ISY), Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, 581 83, Sweden", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5052919611", "display_name": "Hien Quoc Ngo", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3367-2220"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I126231945", "display_name": "Queen's University Belfast", "ror": "https://ror.org/00hswnk62", "country_code": "GB", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}], "countries": ["GB"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Hien Quoc Ngo", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Institute of Electronics, Communications & Information Technology (ECIT), Queen\u2019s University Belfast, Belfast, BT3 9DT, UK", "Institute of Electronics, Communications & Information Technology (ECIT), Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT3 9DT, UK"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Institute of Electronics, Communications & Information Technology (ECIT), Queen\u2019s University Belfast, Belfast, BT3 9DT, UK", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Institute of Electronics, Communications & Information Technology (ECIT), Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT3 9DT, UK", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100370996", "display_name": "Wei Hong", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3478-2744"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4391768253", "display_name": "State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves", "ror": "https://ror.org/02q1v5910", "country_code": null, "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4391768253", "https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Wei Hong", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4391768253", "https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100603995", "display_name": "Haiming Wang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6156-258X"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4391768253", "display_name": "State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves", "ror": "https://ror.org/02q1v5910", "country_code": null, "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4391768253", "https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Haiming Wang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4391768253", "https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5020941947", "display_name": "Debin Hou", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7533-2227"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4391768253", "display_name": "State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves", "ror": "https://ror.org/02q1v5910", "country_code": null, "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4391768253", "https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Debin Hou", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4391768253", "https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5102007595", "display_name": "Jixin Chen", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0458-5184"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4391768253", "display_name": "State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves", "ror": "https://ror.org/02q1v5910", "country_code": null, "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4391768253", "https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jixin Chen", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4391768253", "https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100457747", "display_name": "Zhe Chen", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1214-0564"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4391768253", "display_name": "State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves", "ror": "https://ror.org/02q1v5910", "country_code": null, "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4391768253", "https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Zhe Chen", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4391768253", "https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5065805797", "display_name": "Zhang\u2010Cheng Hao", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1835-7652"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4391768253", "display_name": "State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves", "ror": "https://ror.org/02q1v5910", "country_code": null, "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4391768253", "https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Zhangcheng Hao", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4391768253", "https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5039289964", "display_name": "Geoffrey Ye Li", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7894-2415"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I130701444", "display_name": "Georgia Institute of Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/01zkghx44", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Geoffrey Ye Li", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5032549075", "display_name": "Rahim Tafazolli", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-8639"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I28290843", "display_name": "University of Surrey", "ror": "https://ror.org/00ks66431", "country_code": "GB", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}], "countries": ["GB"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Rahim Tafazolli", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["5G Innovation Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "5G Innovation Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5075109962", "display_name": "Yue Gao", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6502-9910"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I28290843", "display_name": "University of Surrey", "ror": "https://ror.org/00ks66431", "country_code": "GB", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}], "countries": ["GB"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Yue Gao", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["5G Innovation Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "5G Innovation Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5042307561", "display_name": "H. Vincent Poor", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2062-131X"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I20089843", "display_name": "Princeton University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00hx57361", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "H. Vincent Poor", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5022117288", "display_name": "Gerhard Fettweis", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4622-1311"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I150229711", "display_name": "University of Electronic Science and Technology of China", "ror": "https://ror.org/04qr3zq92", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Gerhard P. Fettweis", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Center for Intelligent Networking and Communications (CINC), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, 611731, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Center for Intelligent Networking and Communications (CINC), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, 611731, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5007832415", "display_name": "Ying\u2010Chang Liang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2671-5090"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I245417339", "display_name": "Vodafone (Germany)", "ror": "https://ror.org/044qwkx83", "country_code": "DE", "type": "company", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I245417339", "https://openalex.org/I74316835"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I78650965", "display_name": "Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden", "ror": "https://ror.org/042aqky30", "country_code": "DE", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}], "countries": ["DE"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ying-Chang Liang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Vodafone Chair Mobile Communications Systems, Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Dresden, 01069, Germany"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Vodafone Chair Mobile Communications Systems, Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Dresden, 01069, Germany", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I245417339", "https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}]}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 7, "institutions_distinct_count": 22, "corresponding_author_ids": ["https://openalex.org/A5072916702", "https://openalex.org/A5100779393"], "corresponding_institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "https://openalex.org/I76569877"], "apc_list": {"value": 2750, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 2750}, "apc_paid": {"value": 2750, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 2750}, "fwci": 94.7611, "has_fulltext": true, "cited_by_count": 2051, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 0.99995853, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 99, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": "64", "issue": "1", "first_page": null, "last_page": null}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11458", "display_name": "Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies", "score": 0.9998999834060669, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2208", "display_name": "Electrical and Electronic Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11458", "display_name": "Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies", "score": 0.9998999834060669, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2208", "display_name": "Electrical and Electronic Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11133", "display_name": "UAV Applications and Optimization", "score": 0.9987999796867371, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2202", "display_name": "Aerospace Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12042", "display_name": "Satellite Communication Systems", "score": 0.9987999796867371, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2202", "display_name": "Aerospace Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science", "display_name": "Computer science", "score": 0.6855213642120361}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/network-architecture", "display_name": "Network architecture", "score": 0.5064009428024292}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network", "display_name": "Wireless network", "score": 0.49975109100341797}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless", "display_name": "Wireless", "score": 0.47345322370529175}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network", "display_name": "Computer network", "score": 0.4395751357078552}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications", "display_name": "Telecommunications", "score": 0.43465930223464966}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/air-interface", "display_name": "Air interface", "score": 0.42681312561035156}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198", "display_name": "Computer science", "level": 0, "score": 0.6855213642120361}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C193415008", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639681", "display_name": "Network architecture", "level": 2, "score": 0.5064009428024292}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C108037233", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375", "display_name": "Wireless network", "level": 3, "score": 0.49975109100341797}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C555944384", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249", "display_name": "Wireless", "level": 2, "score": 0.47345322370529175}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C31258907", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371", "display_name": "Computer network", "level": 1, "score": 0.4395751357078552}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C76155785", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418", "display_name": "Telecommunications", "level": 1, "score": 0.43465930223464966}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776362087", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q455112", "display_name": "Air interface", "level": 3, "score": 0.42681312561035156}], "mesh": [], "locations_count": 5, "locations": [{"id": "doi:10.1007/s11432-020-2955-6", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-020-2955-6", "pdf_url": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11432-020-2955-6.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210218743", "display_name": "Science China Information Sciences", "issn_l": "1869-1919", "issn": ["1869-1919", "1674-733X"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319965", "host_organization_name": "Springer Nature", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Springer Nature"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Science China Information Sciences", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:446718", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "http://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-020-2955-6>).", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401019", "display_name": "ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I43439940", "host_organization_name": "University of Southampton", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I43439940"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "acceptedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "Article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:openaire/0f9d0428-345c-4366-bcfe-46ea04ec94c8", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/publications/0f9d0428-345c-4366-bcfe-46ea04ec94c8", "pdf_url": "https://pureadmin.qub.ac.uk/ws/files/244954810/towards.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402319", "display_name": "Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I126231945", "host_organization_name": "Queen's University Belfast", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I126231945"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "6G 2020, 'Towards 6G wireless communication networks: vision, enabling technologies, and new paradigm shifts', Science China Information Sciences, vol. 64, 110301. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-020-2955-6", "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/review"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7714900", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7714900", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111", "display_name": "PubMed Central", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1299303238", "host_organization_name": "National Institutes of Health", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "Sci. China Inf. Sci.", "raw_type": "Text"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:DiVA.org:liu-172192", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-172192", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400838", "display_name": "DiVA (Linkoping University)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I102134673", "host_organization_name": "Link\u00f6ping University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I102134673"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "other-oa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "", "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "doi:10.1007/s11432-020-2955-6", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-020-2955-6", "pdf_url": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11432-020-2955-6.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210218743", "display_name": "Science China Information Sciences", "issn_l": "1869-1919", "issn": ["1869-1919", "1674-733X"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319965", "host_organization_name": "Springer Nature", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Springer Nature"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Science China Information Sciences", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [{"score": 0.8100000023841858, "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7", "display_name": "Affordable and clean energy"}], "awards": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/G1163690664", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "61901109", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320321001", "funder_display_name": "National Natural Science Foundation of China"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G16306636", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "61960206006,61901109", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320321001", "funder_display_name": "National Natural Science Foundation of China"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G1803058636", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "BX20180062", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320335768", "funder_display_name": "National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G2475888850", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "2020B01", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320324856", "funder_display_name": "Southeast University"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G2734937587", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "61960206006", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320321001", "funder_display_name": "National Natural Science Foundation of China"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G3627534131", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "2020B01", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320336270", "funder_display_name": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G4617449541", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "EP/R007101/1", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320334627", "funder_display_name": "Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G5933431147", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "2242020R30001", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320335787", "funder_display_name": "Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G8503313810", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "EP/R007101/2", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320334627", "funder_display_name": "Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}], "funders": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320321001", "display_name": "National Natural Science Foundation of China", "ror": "https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320324856", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320334627", "display_name": "Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council", "ror": "https://ror.org/0439y7842"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320335768", "display_name": "National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents", "ror": null}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320335787", "display_name": "Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities", "ror": null}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320336270", "display_name": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University", "ror": null}], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": true, "pdf": true}, "content_urls": {"pdf": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W3110989801.pdf", "grobid_xml": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W3110989801.grobid-xml"}, "referenced_works_count": 416, "referenced_works": ["https://openalex.org/W315766957", "https://openalex.org/W616413684", "https://openalex.org/W620415470", "https://openalex.org/W851575271", "https://openalex.org/W1484534800", "https://openalex.org/W1496151908", "https://openalex.org/W1497398457", "https://openalex.org/W1522365653", "https://openalex.org/W1529459676", "https://openalex.org/W1540562499", "https://openalex.org/W1562376702", "https://openalex.org/W1569447238", "https://openalex.org/W1584522006", "https://openalex.org/W1605674139", "https://openalex.org/W1731860912", "https://openalex.org/W1906224694", "https://openalex.org/W1965067907", "https://openalex.org/W1972554021", "https://openalex.org/W1980073965", "https://openalex.org/W1980709149", "https://openalex.org/W1981340510", "https://openalex.org/W1983778689", "https://openalex.org/W1991133427", "https://openalex.org/W1993427726", "https://openalex.org/W1995875735", "https://openalex.org/W1998023855", "https://openalex.org/W2004891386", "https://openalex.org/W2009145605", "https://openalex.org/W2011831153", "https://openalex.org/W2013491227", "https://openalex.org/W2019336689", "https://openalex.org/W2022036795", "https://openalex.org/W2028078039", "https://openalex.org/W2035073863", "https://openalex.org/W2040340473", "https://openalex.org/W2042519026", "https://openalex.org/W2042706896", "https://openalex.org/W2043769961", "https://openalex.org/W2045407304", "https://openalex.org/W2048608989", "https://openalex.org/W2054007869", "https://openalex.org/W2060661941", "https://openalex.org/W2062125962", "https://openalex.org/W2063874488", "https://openalex.org/W2072079297", "https://openalex.org/W2073287218", "https://openalex.org/W2074831124", "https://openalex.org/W2084304524", "https://openalex.org/W2085486577", "https://openalex.org/W2090091273", "https://openalex.org/W2094655360", "https://openalex.org/W2095370304", "https://openalex.org/W2097294853", "https://openalex.org/W2097860403", "https://openalex.org/W2102099405", "https://openalex.org/W2103172052", "https://openalex.org/W2106045225", "https://openalex.org/W2106864314", "https://openalex.org/W2107427360", "https://openalex.org/W2107561590", "https://openalex.org/W2109172816", "https://openalex.org/W2109394932", "https://openalex.org/W2112976436", "https://openalex.org/W2114468914", "https://openalex.org/W2119742697", "https://openalex.org/W2120453631", "https://openalex.org/W2126675166", "https://openalex.org/W2129766733", "https://openalex.org/W2132712787", "https://openalex.org/W2138080239", "https://openalex.org/W2144256528", "https://openalex.org/W2144893103", "https://openalex.org/W2145714519", "https://openalex.org/W2146183204", "https://openalex.org/W2146943331", "https://openalex.org/W2147584524", "https://openalex.org/W2148750096", "https://openalex.org/W2152221493", "https://openalex.org/W2152754607", "https://openalex.org/W2154319347", "https://openalex.org/W2156315971", "https://openalex.org/W2159059820", "https://openalex.org/W2161624559", "https://openalex.org/W2162938069", "https://openalex.org/W2163121240", "https://openalex.org/W2166670356", "https://openalex.org/W2168311839", "https://openalex.org/W2169732368", "https://openalex.org/W2170235542", "https://openalex.org/W2170241872", "https://openalex.org/W2187895331", "https://openalex.org/W2245062971", "https://openalex.org/W2245931643", "https://openalex.org/W2247082182", "https://openalex.org/W2257093042", "https://openalex.org/W2262889796", "https://openalex.org/W2281611560", "https://openalex.org/W2286275639", "https://openalex.org/W2291574076", "https://openalex.org/W2294775169", "https://openalex.org/W2296030676", "https://openalex.org/W2303967695", "https://openalex.org/W2314333908", "https://openalex.org/W2320397015", "https://openalex.org/W2327622231", "https://openalex.org/W2339155381", "https://openalex.org/W2342204193", "https://openalex.org/W2343044157", "https://openalex.org/W2346235324", "https://openalex.org/W2403121992", "https://openalex.org/W2462784749", "https://openalex.org/W2472333518", "https://openalex.org/W2498842387", "https://openalex.org/W2500162092", "https://openalex.org/W2500898769", "https://openalex.org/W2509052156", "https://openalex.org/W2509696551", "https://openalex.org/W2510244456", "https://openalex.org/W2514963767", "https://openalex.org/W2517705978", "https://openalex.org/W2523091598", "https://openalex.org/W2531627753", "https://openalex.org/W2538841173", "https://openalex.org/W2566243177", "https://openalex.org/W2583184538", "https://openalex.org/W2593893328", "https://openalex.org/W2599615286", "https://openalex.org/W2602923095", "https://openalex.org/W2604420083", "https://openalex.org/W2604436698", "https://openalex.org/W2605961225", "https://openalex.org/W2606964349", "https://openalex.org/W2608932662", "https://openalex.org/W2610757353", "https://openalex.org/W2618321905", "https://openalex.org/W2624989916", "https://openalex.org/W2734408173", "https://openalex.org/W2736068844", "https://openalex.org/W2738902735", "https://openalex.org/W2739715249", "https://openalex.org/W2742503793", "https://openalex.org/W2754368137", "https://openalex.org/W2757928587", "https://openalex.org/W2761862361", "https://openalex.org/W2762022279", "https://openalex.org/W2766845249", "https://openalex.org/W2769659539", "https://openalex.org/W2770861014", "https://openalex.org/W2773033597", "https://openalex.org/W2773405367", "https://openalex.org/W2775002497", "https://openalex.org/W2775421175", "https://openalex.org/W2775936334", "https://openalex.org/W2776886510", "https://openalex.org/W2781831880", "https://openalex.org/W2782623373", "https://openalex.org/W2782827549", "https://openalex.org/W2783147858", "https://openalex.org/W2783272959", "https://openalex.org/W2784180017", "https://openalex.org/W2784189955", "https://openalex.org/W2784291237", "https://openalex.org/W2785799961", "https://openalex.org/W2786512490", "https://openalex.org/W2787477764", "https://openalex.org/W2789370391", "https://openalex.org/W2790257945", "https://openalex.org/W2790962380", "https://openalex.org/W2791279818", "https://openalex.org/W2793519446", "https://openalex.org/W2793834541", "https://openalex.org/W2794194229", "https://openalex.org/W2795817386", "https://openalex.org/W2795997979", "https://openalex.org/W2797535556", "https://openalex.org/W2797972299", "https://openalex.org/W2799134332", "https://openalex.org/W2799292918", "https://openalex.org/W2801802714", "https://openalex.org/W2802687568", "https://openalex.org/W2802854212", "https://openalex.org/W2802897269", "https://openalex.org/W2802984054", "https://openalex.org/W2803856670", "https://openalex.org/W2804961103", "https://openalex.org/W2805161269", "https://openalex.org/W2806199268", "https://openalex.org/W2807731816", "https://openalex.org/W2808887856", "https://openalex.org/W2810143925", "https://openalex.org/W2811205501", "https://openalex.org/W2811293098", "https://openalex.org/W2811405122", "https://openalex.org/W2883059862", "https://openalex.org/W2885224978", "https://openalex.org/W2885423658", "https://openalex.org/W2885519429", "https://openalex.org/W2885844996", "https://openalex.org/W2886374543", "https://openalex.org/W2887244898", "https://openalex.org/W2888002205", "https://openalex.org/W2888360891", "https://openalex.org/W2888993486", "https://openalex.org/W2889540440", "https://openalex.org/W2889763937", "https://openalex.org/W2890525468", "https://openalex.org/W2892636405", "https://openalex.org/W2892656107", "https://openalex.org/W2893604101", "https://openalex.org/W2893939120", "https://openalex.org/W2894013725", "https://openalex.org/W2894366476", "https://openalex.org/W2894866963", "https://openalex.org/W2895591988", "https://openalex.org/W2896938856", "https://openalex.org/W2897042325", "https://openalex.org/W2897618640", "https://openalex.org/W2898694298", "https://openalex.org/W2899403892", "https://openalex.org/W2899729262", "https://openalex.org/W2900841156", "https://openalex.org/W2900948334", "https://openalex.org/W2901008672", "https://openalex.org/W2901160118", "https://openalex.org/W2901249867", "https://openalex.org/W2901268226", "https://openalex.org/W2901485069", "https://openalex.org/W2902157096", "https://openalex.org/W2902952649", "https://openalex.org/W2903749698", "https://openalex.org/W2904441958", "https://openalex.org/W2904457167", "https://openalex.org/W2904947504", "https://openalex.org/W2906979799", "https://openalex.org/W2907775572", "https://openalex.org/W2907863608", "https://openalex.org/W2907962963", "https://openalex.org/W2908424000", "https://openalex.org/W2909503871", "https://openalex.org/W2910151919", "https://openalex.org/W2911540801", "https://openalex.org/W2912286831", "https://openalex.org/W2912978522", "https://openalex.org/W2913091928", "https://openalex.org/W2913304731", "https://openalex.org/W2913611568", "https://openalex.org/W2914462121", "https://openalex.org/W2915609635", "https://openalex.org/W2916777718", "https://openalex.org/W2921187277", "https://openalex.org/W2921466771", "https://openalex.org/W2921723921", "https://openalex.org/W2922067018", "https://openalex.org/W2922081827", "https://openalex.org/W2922165616", "https://openalex.org/W2923421005", "https://openalex.org/W2924948991", "https://openalex.org/W2925458104", "https://openalex.org/W2928252763", "https://openalex.org/W2929612105", "https://openalex.org/W2934971339", "https://openalex.org/W2940859338", "https://openalex.org/W2944046640", "https://openalex.org/W2946067278", "https://openalex.org/W2947271968", "https://openalex.org/W2947328461", "https://openalex.org/W2947400732", "https://openalex.org/W2949866693", "https://openalex.org/W2951001676", "https://openalex.org/W2952232172", "https://openalex.org/W2953948844", "https://openalex.org/W2954641151", "https://openalex.org/W2956553093", "https://openalex.org/W2958091556", "https://openalex.org/W2958120409", "https://openalex.org/W2960357446", "https://openalex.org/W2960870100", "https://openalex.org/W2962127384", "https://openalex.org/W2962732150", "https://openalex.org/W2962829315", "https://openalex.org/W2962847915", "https://openalex.org/W2962951066", "https://openalex.org/W2962956060", "https://openalex.org/W2963128925", "https://openalex.org/W2963135410", "https://openalex.org/W2963190722", "https://openalex.org/W2963290405", "https://openalex.org/W2963336322", "https://openalex.org/W2963349327", "https://openalex.org/W2963360098", "https://openalex.org/W2963456055", "https://openalex.org/W2963527091", "https://openalex.org/W2963564337", "https://openalex.org/W2963580658", "https://openalex.org/W2963638537", "https://openalex.org/W2963775970", "https://openalex.org/W2963857659", "https://openalex.org/W2963956198", "https://openalex.org/W2963961614", "https://openalex.org/W2964005248", "https://openalex.org/W2964039698", "https://openalex.org/W2964042011", "https://openalex.org/W2964050245", "https://openalex.org/W2964113506", "https://openalex.org/W2964121960", "https://openalex.org/W2964129362", "https://openalex.org/W2964159855", "https://openalex.org/W2964181991", "https://openalex.org/W2964529439", "https://openalex.org/W2965824823", "https://openalex.org/W2967290792", "https://openalex.org/W2968836089", "https://openalex.org/W2969519626", "https://openalex.org/W2971360792", "https://openalex.org/W2973516093", "https://openalex.org/W2974046131", "https://openalex.org/W2974084046", "https://openalex.org/W2975252415", "https://openalex.org/W2975323748", "https://openalex.org/W2976765088", "https://openalex.org/W2978596959", "https://openalex.org/W2979024988", "https://openalex.org/W2979359324", "https://openalex.org/W2980360843", "https://openalex.org/W2980979782", "https://openalex.org/W2981096252", "https://openalex.org/W2981579652", "https://openalex.org/W2982403661", "https://openalex.org/W2983810994", "https://openalex.org/W2984293279", "https://openalex.org/W2985406564", "https://openalex.org/W2987993606", "https://openalex.org/W2989793571", "https://openalex.org/W2990865112", "https://openalex.org/W2990994567", "https://openalex.org/W2993508366", "https://openalex.org/W2993788860", "https://openalex.org/W2993809815", "https://openalex.org/W2994053796", "https://openalex.org/W2995336301", "https://openalex.org/W2995355300", "https://openalex.org/W2995497578", "https://openalex.org/W2995521703", "https://openalex.org/W2997366968", "https://openalex.org/W2997497674", "https://openalex.org/W2997749137", "https://openalex.org/W2998578058", "https://openalex.org/W2998840182", "https://openalex.org/W2999562137", "https://openalex.org/W2999683502", "https://openalex.org/W3002159761", "https://openalex.org/W3002413507", "https://openalex.org/W3003865108", "https://openalex.org/W3003941117", "https://openalex.org/W3004112781", "https://openalex.org/W3004420327", "https://openalex.org/W3005252141", "https://openalex.org/W3005924570", "https://openalex.org/W3005932780", "https://openalex.org/W3005971024", "https://openalex.org/W3006705564", "https://openalex.org/W3007749181", "https://openalex.org/W3008026851", "https://openalex.org/W3008052774", "https://openalex.org/W3008244038", "https://openalex.org/W3008894094", "https://openalex.org/W3009104268", "https://openalex.org/W3009767224", "https://openalex.org/W3010005498", "https://openalex.org/W3010109240", "https://openalex.org/W3010956495", "https://openalex.org/W3011830499", "https://openalex.org/W3013296312", "https://openalex.org/W3013899405", "https://openalex.org/W3015501413", "https://openalex.org/W3015636663", "https://openalex.org/W3016754131", "https://openalex.org/W3018426194", "https://openalex.org/W3019430335", "https://openalex.org/W3023699033", "https://openalex.org/W3025517760", "https://openalex.org/W3033092651", "https://openalex.org/W3034224445", "https://openalex.org/W3039872054", "https://openalex.org/W3046103159", "https://openalex.org/W3048570968", "https://openalex.org/W3059813204", "https://openalex.org/W3087948960", "https://openalex.org/W3093929720", "https://openalex.org/W3094019951", "https://openalex.org/W3094116528", "https://openalex.org/W3096584329", "https://openalex.org/W3098774053", "https://openalex.org/W3099019646", "https://openalex.org/W3100732768", "https://openalex.org/W3100862578", "https://openalex.org/W3102535235", "https://openalex.org/W3102859365", "https://openalex.org/W3105229315", "https://openalex.org/W3105452915", "https://openalex.org/W3107142823", "https://openalex.org/W3114965973", "https://openalex.org/W3125535900", "https://openalex.org/W3151748982", "https://openalex.org/W3166036455", "https://openalex.org/W3217487334", "https://openalex.org/W4213147678", "https://openalex.org/W4234585325", "https://openalex.org/W4236561940", "https://openalex.org/W4238500653", "https://openalex.org/W4241305022", "https://openalex.org/W4250296706", "https://openalex.org/W4302333043", "https://openalex.org/W6769230876", "https://openalex.org/W7006286342", "https://openalex.org/W7034087375"], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W1522735429", "https://openalex.org/W1603148202", "https://openalex.org/W2002292478", "https://openalex.org/W1549287367", "https://openalex.org/W1546902162", "https://openalex.org/W2196589796", "https://openalex.org/W1573616813", "https://openalex.org/W2168208698", "https://openalex.org/W4242937198", "https://openalex.org/W2165983006"], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Abstract": [0], "The": [1], "fifth": [2], "generation": [3, 49], "(5G)": [4], "wireless": [5, 51], "communication": [6, 52, 137, 156, 163, 207], "networks": [7, 53, 74, 147, 220], "are": [8, 17, 54], "being": [9, 22], "deployed": [10], "worldwide": [11], "from": [12], "2020": [13], "and": [14, 29, 45, 47, 66, 84, 87, 106, 151, 177, 189, 215, 236, 261, 281, 292], "more": [15], "capabilities": [16], "in": [18, 43, 264], "the": [19, 41, 125, 181, 195, 200, 230, 285, 288], "process": [20], "of": [21, 40, 127, 202, 211, 226, 232, 258, 276], "standardized,": [23], "such": [24, 91, 148], "as": [25, 92, 149], "mass": [26], "connectivity,": [27], "ultra-reliability,": [28], "guaranteed": [30], "low": [31], "latency.": [32], "However,": [33], "5G": [34, 277], "will": [35, 75, 116, 131, 140, 168, 221, 243, 278], "not": [36, 132], "meet": [37, 70], "all": [38, 166], "requirements": [39, 273], "future": [42, 262], "2030": [44], "beyond,": [46], "sixth": [48], "(6G)": [50], "expected": [55], "to": [56, 123, 135, 142, 172, 245, 284], "provide": [57], "global": [58, 128], "coverage,": [59, 129], "enhanced": [60], "spectral/energy/cost": [61], "efficiency,": [62], "better": [63], "intelligence": [64, 234], "level": [65], "security,": [67], "etc.": [68], "To": [69], "these": [71, 265], "requirements,": [72, 218], "6G": [73, 112, 130, 219, 250, 269], "rely": [76], "on": [77, 111], "new": [78, 119, 216, 224], "enabling": [79], "technologies,": [80, 101], "i.e.,": [81], "air": [82], "interface": [83], "transmission": [85], "technologies": [86], "novel": [88], "network": [89, 102, 241], "architecture,": [90, 105], "waveform": [93], "design,": [94], "multiple": [95], "access,": [96], "channel": [97], "coding": [98], "schemes,": [99], "multi-antenna": [100], "slicing,": [103], "cell-free": [104], "cloud/fog/edge": [107], "computing.": [108], "Our": [109], "vision": [110], "is": [113], "that": [114, 287], "it": [115], "have": [117, 244], "four": [118, 266], "paradigm": [120], "shifts.": [121], "First,": [122], "satisfy": [124], "requirement": [126], "be": [133, 143, 169, 246], "limited": [134], "terrestrial": [136], "networks,": [138, 157, 205], "which": [139], "need": [141], "complemented": [144], "with": [145, 229, 270], "non-terrestrial": [146], "satellite": [150], "unmanned": [152], "aerial": [153], "vehicle": [154], "(UAV)": [155], "thus": [158], "achieving": [159], "a": [160, 223, 255], "space-air-ground-sea": [161], "integrated": [162], "network.": [164], "Second,": [165], "spectra": [167], "fully": [170], "explored": [171], "further": [173, 282], "increase": [174], "data": [175, 238], "rates": [176], "connection": [178], "density,": [179], "including": [180], "sub-6": [182], "GHz,": [183], "millimeter": [184], "wave": [185], "(mmWave),": [186], "terahertz": [187], "(THz),": [188], "optical": [190], "frequency": [191], "bands.": [192], "Third,": [193], "facing": [194], "big": [196, 237], "datasets": [197], "generated": [198], "by": [199], "use": [201], "extremely": [203], "heterogeneous": [204], "diverse": [206], "scenarios,": [208], "large": [209], "numbers": [210], "antennas,": [212], "wide": [213], "bandwidths,": [214], "service": [217], "enable": [222, 279], "range": [225], "smart": [227], "applications": [228], "aid": [231], "artificial": [233], "(AI)": [235], "technologies.": [239], "Fourth,": [240], "security": [242], "strengthened": [247], "when": [248], "developing": [249], "networks.": [251], "This": [252], "article": [253], "provides": [254], "comprehensive": [256], "survey": [257], "recent": [259], "advances": [260], "trends": [263], "aspects.": [267], "Clearly,": [268], "additional": [271], "technical": [272], "beyond": [274], "those": [275], "faster": [280], "communications": [283], "extent": [286], "boundary": [289], "between": [290], "physical": [291], "cyber": [293], "worlds": [294], "disappears.": [295]}, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 177}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 359}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 412}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 451}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 392}, {"year": 2021, "cited_by_count": 247}, {"year": 2020, "cited_by_count": 13}], "updated_date": "2026-09-15T07:32:03.291174", "created_date": "2025-10-10T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W3140854437", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-021-00444-8", "title": "Review of deep learning: concepts, CNN architectures, challenges, applications, future directions", "display_name": "Review of deep learning: concepts, CNN architectures, challenges, applications, future directions", "relevance_score": 522.608, "publication_year": 2021, "publication_date": "2021-03-31", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W3140854437", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-021-00444-8", "mag": "3140854437", "pmid": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33816053"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1186/s40537-021-00444-8", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-021-00444-8", "pdf_url": "https://journalofbigdata.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40537-021-00444-8", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2737955091", "display_name": "Journal Of Big Data", "issn_l": "2196-1115", "issn": ["2196-1115"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319900", "host_organization_name": "Springer Science+Business Media", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319900", "https://openalex.org/P4310319965"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Springer Science+Business Media", "Springer Nature"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Journal of Big Data", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "type": "article", "indexed_in": ["crossref", "doaj", "pubmed"], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "gold", "oa_url": "https://journalofbigdata.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40537-021-00444-8", "any_repository_has_fulltext": true}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5102889969", "display_name": "Laith Alzubaidi", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7296-5413"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I160993911", "display_name": "Queensland University of Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/03pnv4752", "country_code": "AU", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210119257", "display_name": "University of Information Technology and Communications", "ror": "https://ror.org/028h0pd91", "country_code": "IQ", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210119257"]}], "countries": ["AU", "IQ"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Laith Alzubaidi", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["AlNidhal Campus, University of Information Technology & Communications, Baghdad, 10001 Iraq", "School of Computer Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000 Australia", "School of Computer Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7296-5413", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "AlNidhal Campus, University of Information Technology & Communications, Baghdad, 10001 Iraq", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210119257"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Computer Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000 Australia", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Computer Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5101979224", "display_name": "Jinglan Zhang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6459-2963"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I160993911", "display_name": "Queensland University of Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/03pnv4752", "country_code": "AU", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]}], "countries": ["AU"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jinglan Zhang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Computer Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000 Australia", "School of Computer Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Computer Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000 Australia", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Computer Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5016153721", "display_name": "Amjad J. Humaidi", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9071-1329"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I171256487", "display_name": "University of Technology - Iraq", "ror": "https://ror.org/01w1ehb86", "country_code": "IQ", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I171256487"]}], "countries": ["IQ"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Amjad J. Humaidi", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Control and Systems Engineering Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, 10001 Iraq", "Control and Systems Engineering Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, 10001, Iraq"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Control and Systems Engineering Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, 10001 Iraq", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I171256487"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Control and Systems Engineering Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, 10001, Iraq", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I171256487"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5052471696", "display_name": "Ayad Q. Al-Dujaili", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1126-3290"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210115078", "display_name": "Middle Technical University", "ror": "https://ror.org/02fvkg758", "country_code": "IQ", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210115078"]}], "countries": ["IQ"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ayad Al-Dujaili", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Electrical Engineering Technical College, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, 10001 Iraq", "Electrical Engineering Technical College, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, 10001, Iraq"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Electrical Engineering Technical College, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, 10001 Iraq", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210115078"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Electrical Engineering Technical College, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, 10001, Iraq", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210115078"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5101430356", "display_name": "Ye Duan", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1166-7703"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I76835614", "display_name": "University of Missouri", "ror": "https://ror.org/02ymw8z06", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ye Duan", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Faculty of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA", "Faculty of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Faculty of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Faculty of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5008534489", "display_name": "Omran Al-Shamma", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5930-6176"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210119257", "display_name": "University of Information Technology and Communications", "ror": "https://ror.org/028h0pd91", "country_code": "IQ", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210119257"]}], "countries": ["IQ"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Omran Al-Shamma", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["AlNidhal Campus, University of Information Technology & Communications, Baghdad, 10001 Iraq", "AlNidhal Campus, University of Information Technology & Communications, Baghdad, 10001, Iraq"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "AlNidhal Campus, University of Information Technology & Communications, Baghdad, 10001 Iraq", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210119257"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "AlNidhal Campus, University of Information Technology & Communications, Baghdad, 10001, Iraq", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210119257"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5010765865", "display_name": "Jos\u00e9 Santamar\u00eda", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2022-6838"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I191420491", "display_name": "Universidad de Ja\u00e9n", "ror": "https://ror.org/0122p5f64", "country_code": "ES", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I191420491"]}], "countries": ["ES"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "J. Santamar\u00eda", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Computer Science, University of Ja\u00e9n, 23071 Ja\u00e9n, Spain", "Department of Computer Science, University of Ja\u00e9n, 23071, Ja\u00e9n, Spain"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Computer Science, University of Ja\u00e9n, 23071 Ja\u00e9n, Spain", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I191420491"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Computer Science, University of Ja\u00e9n, 23071, Ja\u00e9n, Spain", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I191420491"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5090966997", "display_name": "Mohammed A. Fadhel", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9877-049X"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I202735123", "display_name": "Thi Qar University", "ror": "https://ror.org/02ypa8k59", "country_code": "IQ", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I202735123"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405266776", "display_name": "University of Sumer", "ror": "https://ror.org/05fsahm30", "country_code": "IQ", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4405266776"]}], "countries": ["IQ"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Mohammed A. Fadhel", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["College of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Sumer, Thi Qar, 64005 Iraq", "College of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Sumer, Thi Qar, 64005, Iraq"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "College of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Sumer, Thi Qar, 64005 Iraq", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I202735123", "https://openalex.org/I4405266776"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "College of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Sumer, Thi Qar, 64005, Iraq", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I202735123", "https://openalex.org/I4405266776"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5036536042", "display_name": "Muthana Al\u2010Amidie", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8116-1871"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I76835614", "display_name": "University of Missouri", "ror": "https://ror.org/02ymw8z06", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Muthana Al-Amidie", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Faculty of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA", "Faculty of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Faculty of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Faculty of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5059266881", "display_name": "Laith Farhan", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8256-7323"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I11983389", "display_name": "Manchester Metropolitan University", "ror": "https://ror.org/02hstj355", "country_code": "GB", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I11983389"]}], "countries": ["GB"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Laith Farhan", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M1 5GD UK", "School of Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M1 5GD UK", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I11983389"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I11983389"]}]}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 5, "institutions_distinct_count": 9, "corresponding_author_ids": ["https://openalex.org/A5102889969"], "corresponding_institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I160993911", "https://openalex.org/I4210119257"], "apc_list": {"value": 1570, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 1570}, "apc_paid": {"value": 1570, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 1570}, "fwci": 435.2344, "has_fulltext": true, "cited_by_count": 7890, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 1.0, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 99, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": "8", "issue": "1", "first_page": "53", "last_page": "53"}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10036", "display_name": "Advanced Neural Network Applications", "score": 0.9983999729156494, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1707", "display_name": "Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10036", "display_name": "Advanced Neural Network Applications", "score": 0.9983999729156494, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1707", "display_name": "Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11775", "display_name": "COVID-19 diagnosis using AI", "score": 0.9983000159263611, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2741", "display_name": "Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11512", "display_name": "Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications", "score": 0.996999979019165, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science", "display_name": "Computer science", "score": 0.818892240524292}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "score": 0.7149686813354492}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/field", "display_name": "Field (mathematics)", "score": 0.6821712851524353}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning", "display_name": "Deep learning", "score": 0.6407015323638916}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network", "display_name": "Convolutional neural network", "score": 0.5075205564498901}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning", "display_name": "Machine learning", "score": 0.48254626989364624}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science", "display_name": "Data science", "score": 0.4290541410446167}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/point", "display_name": "Point (geometry)", "score": 0.42275574803352356}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/matching", "display_name": "Matching (statistics)", "score": 0.422419011592865}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198", "display_name": "Computer science", "level": 0, "score": 0.818892240524292}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "level": 1, "score": 0.7149686813354492}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C9652623", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109", "display_name": "Field (mathematics)", "level": 2, "score": 0.6821712851524353}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C108583219", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536", "display_name": "Deep learning", "level": 2, "score": 0.6407015323638916}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C81363708", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460", "display_name": "Convolutional neural network", "level": 2, "score": 0.5075205564498901}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C119857082", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539", "display_name": "Machine learning", "level": 1, "score": 0.48254626989364624}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2522767166", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463", "display_name": "Data science", "level": 1, "score": 0.4290541410446167}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C28719098", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946", "display_name": "Point (geometry)", "level": 2, "score": 0.42275574803352356}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C165064840", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061", "display_name": "Matching (statistics)", "level": 2, "score": 0.422419011592865}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2524010", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087", "display_name": "Geometry", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C202444582", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863", "display_name": "Pure mathematics", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483", "display_name": "Statistics", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395", "display_name": "Mathematics", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}], "mesh": [], "locations_count": 6, "locations": [{"id": "doi:10.1186/s40537-021-00444-8", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-021-00444-8", "pdf_url": "https://journalofbigdata.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40537-021-00444-8", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2737955091", "display_name": "Journal Of Big Data", "issn_l": "2196-1115", "issn": ["2196-1115"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319900", "host_organization_name": "Springer Science+Business Media", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319900", "https://openalex.org/P4310319965"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Springer Science+Business Media", "Springer Nature"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Journal of Big Data", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, {"id": "pmid:33816053", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33816053", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036", "display_name": "PubMed", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1299303238", "host_organization_name": "National Institutes of Health", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Journal of big data", "raw_type": "Journal Article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:ruja.ujaen.es:10953/2309", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-021-00444-8", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402241", "display_name": "RUJA. Institutional Repository of Scientific Production of the University of Ja\u00e9n (University of Ja\u00e9n)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I191420491", "host_organization_name": "Universidad de Ja\u00e9n", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I191420491"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:eprints.qut.edu.au:229114", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://eprints.qut.edu.au/229114/1/107324367.pdf", "pdf_url": "https://eprints.qut.edu.au/229114/1/107324367.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402607", "display_name": "QUT ePrints (Queensland University of Technology)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I160993911", "host_organization_name": "Queensland University of Technology", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I160993911"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "Journal of Big Data", "raw_type": "Contribution to Journal"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8010506", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8010506", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111", "display_name": "PubMed Central", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1299303238", "host_organization_name": "National Institutes of Health", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "J Big Data", "raw_type": "Text"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bdd5bd1947654336a8e41fd116cd6481", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doaj.org/article/bdd5bd1947654336a8e41fd116cd6481", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280", "display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by-sa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "Journal of Big Data, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-74 (2021)", "raw_type": "article"}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "doi:10.1186/s40537-021-00444-8", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-021-00444-8", "pdf_url": "https://journalofbigdata.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40537-021-00444-8", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2737955091", "display_name": "Journal Of Big Data", "issn_l": "2196-1115", "issn": ["2196-1115"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319900", "host_organization_name": "Springer Science+Business Media", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319900", "https://openalex.org/P4310319965"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Springer Science+Business Media", "Springer Nature"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Journal of Big Data", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [], "awards": [], "funders": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320320983", "display_name": "Queensland University of Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/03pnv4752"}], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": true, "pdf": true}, "content_urls": {"pdf": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W3140854437.pdf", "grobid_xml": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W3140854437.grobid-xml"}, "referenced_works_count": 362, "referenced_works": ["https://openalex.org/W22040386", "https://openalex.org/W34239198", "https://openalex.org/W66427752", "https://openalex.org/W114517082", "https://openalex.org/W158974721", "https://openalex.org/W177847060", "https://openalex.org/W603908379", "https://openalex.org/W948663339", "https://openalex.org/W1423339008", "https://openalex.org/W1504543387", "https://openalex.org/W1509515766", "https://openalex.org/W1533861849", "https://openalex.org/W1598033630", "https://openalex.org/W1618905105", "https://openalex.org/W1686810756", "https://openalex.org/W1849277567", "https://openalex.org/W1851422430", "https://openalex.org/W1884191083", "https://openalex.org/W1901129140", "https://openalex.org/W1912982817", "https://openalex.org/W1978318335", "https://openalex.org/W1981276685", "https://openalex.org/W1996303439", "https://openalex.org/W2036109700", "https://openalex.org/W2037265949", "https://openalex.org/W2062227835", "https://openalex.org/W2069143585", "https://openalex.org/W2095705004", "https://openalex.org/W2096451472", "https://openalex.org/W2097117768", "https://openalex.org/W2104518905", "https://openalex.org/W2108069432", "https://openalex.org/W2108598243", "https://openalex.org/W2109045516", "https://openalex.org/W2109445534", "https://openalex.org/W2116360511", "https://openalex.org/W2118023920", "https://openalex.org/W2120480077", "https://openalex.org/W2124386111", "https://openalex.org/W2139427956", "https://openalex.org/W2143645984", "https://openalex.org/W2145339207", "https://openalex.org/W2147277317", "https://openalex.org/W2158698691", "https://openalex.org/W2161969291", "https://openalex.org/W2171157299", "https://openalex.org/W2183341477", "https://openalex.org/W2183585960", "https://openalex.org/W2194775991", "https://openalex.org/W2198606573", "https://openalex.org/W2248620004", "https://openalex.org/W2249612659", "https://openalex.org/W2251939518", "https://openalex.org/W2254249950", "https://openalex.org/W2270470215", "https://openalex.org/W2282821441", "https://openalex.org/W2294929133", "https://openalex.org/W2310992461", "https://openalex.org/W2312404985", "https://openalex.org/W2330219538", "https://openalex.org/W2331143823", "https://openalex.org/W2332066482", "https://openalex.org/W2338447355", "https://openalex.org/W2339885376", "https://openalex.org/W2344328023", "https://openalex.org/W2395579298", "https://openalex.org/W2412782625", "https://openalex.org/W2462143953", "https://openalex.org/W2488984245", "https://openalex.org/W2509065397", "https://openalex.org/W2515042330", "https://openalex.org/W2519308720", "https://openalex.org/W2530279937", "https://openalex.org/W2531409750", "https://openalex.org/W2549139847", "https://openalex.org/W2557283755", "https://openalex.org/W2559655401", "https://openalex.org/W2565516711", "https://openalex.org/W2566079294", "https://openalex.org/W2566781703", "https://openalex.org/W2580596898", "https://openalex.org/W2581082771", "https://openalex.org/W2582187633", "https://openalex.org/W2586765566", "https://openalex.org/W2588463901", "https://openalex.org/W2592929672", "https://openalex.org/W2604920239", "https://openalex.org/W2605353576", "https://openalex.org/W2611650229", "https://openalex.org/W2612690371", "https://openalex.org/W2618530766", "https://openalex.org/W2621028221", "https://openalex.org/W2725138628", "https://openalex.org/W2729016304", "https://openalex.org/W2742947407", "https://openalex.org/W2745868649", "https://openalex.org/W2745999234", "https://openalex.org/W2752782242", "https://openalex.org/W2752813595", "https://openalex.org/W2754252319", "https://openalex.org/W2754791538", "https://openalex.org/W2766352633", "https://openalex.org/W2777186991", "https://openalex.org/W2781486669", "https://openalex.org/W2782636657", "https://openalex.org/W2783402179", "https://openalex.org/W2783538964", "https://openalex.org/W2787779682", "https://openalex.org/W2788388592", "https://openalex.org/W2788633781", "https://openalex.org/W2788686457", "https://openalex.org/W2790808809", "https://openalex.org/W2793682084", "https://openalex.org/W2805029945", "https://openalex.org/W2806828312", "https://openalex.org/W2807754035", "https://openalex.org/W2821976686", "https://openalex.org/W2869389616", "https://openalex.org/W2884001105", "https://openalex.org/W2884367402", "https://openalex.org/W2884585870", "https://openalex.org/W2886281300", "https://openalex.org/W2887171948", "https://openalex.org/W2887280559", "https://openalex.org/W2887286714", "https://openalex.org/W2887695188", "https://openalex.org/W2888493720", "https://openalex.org/W2888868298", "https://openalex.org/W2888971660", "https://openalex.org/W2890183881", "https://openalex.org/W2891590469", "https://openalex.org/W2892341857", "https://openalex.org/W2893347629", "https://openalex.org/W2900595477", "https://openalex.org/W2900954917", "https://openalex.org/W2901364394", "https://openalex.org/W2901612843", "https://openalex.org/W2901659627", "https://openalex.org/W2903119292", "https://openalex.org/W2905810301", "https://openalex.org/W2907378463", "https://openalex.org/W2907463061", "https://openalex.org/W2907760128", "https://openalex.org/W2908201961", "https://openalex.org/W2908675692", "https://openalex.org/W2910121883", "https://openalex.org/W2911653980", "https://openalex.org/W2912290085", "https://openalex.org/W2913926073", "https://openalex.org/W2914057541", "https://openalex.org/W2914261901", "https://openalex.org/W2915583118", "https://openalex.org/W2918257301", "https://openalex.org/W2919115771", "https://openalex.org/W2919358988", "https://openalex.org/W2922172225", "https://openalex.org/W2928842276", "https://openalex.org/W2936503027", "https://openalex.org/W2939411050", "https://openalex.org/W2942231644", "https://openalex.org/W2943546688", "https://openalex.org/W2944961840", "https://openalex.org/W2946028165", "https://openalex.org/W2946390442", "https://openalex.org/W2946796433", "https://openalex.org/W2947706148", "https://openalex.org/W2949117887", "https://openalex.org/W2949667497", "https://openalex.org/W2949856406", "https://openalex.org/W2950248853", "https://openalex.org/W2950300355", "https://openalex.org/W2950462296", "https://openalex.org/W2950568354", "https://openalex.org/W2950651700", "https://openalex.org/W2951743624", "https://openalex.org/W2951901024", "https://openalex.org/W2951934944", "https://openalex.org/W2952198026", "https://openalex.org/W2952378269", "https://openalex.org/W2953914369", "https://openalex.org/W2954074628", "https://openalex.org/W2954996726", "https://openalex.org/W2957927798", "https://openalex.org/W2960023330", "https://openalex.org/W2961308354", "https://openalex.org/W2962291057", "https://openalex.org/W2962914239", "https://openalex.org/W2962949934", "https://openalex.org/W2962949994", "https://openalex.org/W2962966271", "https://openalex.org/W2962971773", "https://openalex.org/W2963009098", "https://openalex.org/W2963012151", "https://openalex.org/W2963103155", "https://openalex.org/W2963271116", "https://openalex.org/W2963420686", "https://openalex.org/W2963446712", "https://openalex.org/W2963495494", "https://openalex.org/W2963524959", "https://openalex.org/W2963703618", "https://openalex.org/W2963794428", "https://openalex.org/W2964137095", "https://openalex.org/W2964189064", "https://openalex.org/W2964274014", "https://openalex.org/W2964299589", "https://openalex.org/W2964335273", "https://openalex.org/W2964340594", "https://openalex.org/W2964350391", "https://openalex.org/W2964879006", "https://openalex.org/W2968605358", "https://openalex.org/W2969414999", "https://openalex.org/W2969548447", "https://openalex.org/W2970610508", "https://openalex.org/W2971561076", "https://openalex.org/W2971724044", "https://openalex.org/W2972006294", "https://openalex.org/W2972808355", "https://openalex.org/W2973268792", "https://openalex.org/W2977002487", "https://openalex.org/W2977153525", "https://openalex.org/W2978287174", "https://openalex.org/W2979487364", "https://openalex.org/W2980734375", "https://openalex.org/W2981009032", "https://openalex.org/W2981778699", "https://openalex.org/W2982220706", "https://openalex.org/W2986609444", "https://openalex.org/W2987699057", "https://openalex.org/W2991682101", "https://openalex.org/W2995942064", "https://openalex.org/W2996367417", "https://openalex.org/W2998840182", "https://openalex.org/W2998957378", "https://openalex.org/W3000280594", "https://openalex.org/W3001083904", "https://openalex.org/W3001127107", "https://openalex.org/W3002335888", "https://openalex.org/W3004198379", "https://openalex.org/W3005273529", "https://openalex.org/W3006343578", "https://openalex.org/W3006478128", "https://openalex.org/W3007170347", "https://openalex.org/W3009210879", "https://openalex.org/W3009610350", "https://openalex.org/W3009928129", "https://openalex.org/W3010540599", "https://openalex.org/W3011178854", "https://openalex.org/W3011191412", "https://openalex.org/W3011667710", "https://openalex.org/W3013056581", "https://openalex.org/W3013601031", "https://openalex.org/W3014641072", "https://openalex.org/W3014725478", "https://openalex.org/W3016970793", "https://openalex.org/W3017141460", "https://openalex.org/W3019922643", "https://openalex.org/W3022315685", "https://openalex.org/W3026022605", "https://openalex.org/W3026967795", "https://openalex.org/W3027616379", "https://openalex.org/W3030110323", "https://openalex.org/W3033157674", "https://openalex.org/W3033272814", "https://openalex.org/W3034399482", "https://openalex.org/W3034560014", "https://openalex.org/W3034745255", "https://openalex.org/W3035105468", "https://openalex.org/W3035479716", "https://openalex.org/W3036365526", "https://openalex.org/W3036552116", "https://openalex.org/W3036638392", "https://openalex.org/W3036696276", "https://openalex.org/W3036901136", "https://openalex.org/W3036908895", "https://openalex.org/W3037369528", "https://openalex.org/W3037436903", "https://openalex.org/W3037538421", "https://openalex.org/W3037719070", "https://openalex.org/W3038187447", "https://openalex.org/W3038835370", "https://openalex.org/W3040617750", "https://openalex.org/W3040676006", "https://openalex.org/W3040848982", "https://openalex.org/W3041148517", "https://openalex.org/W3042569426", "https://openalex.org/W3042578835", "https://openalex.org/W3043091553", "https://openalex.org/W3044240928", "https://openalex.org/W3045776219", "https://openalex.org/W3047083963", "https://openalex.org/W3048802740", "https://openalex.org/W3072011699", "https://openalex.org/W3080948963", "https://openalex.org/W3082245570", "https://openalex.org/W3082383500", "https://openalex.org/W3084892460", "https://openalex.org/W3087217223", "https://openalex.org/W3087385645", "https://openalex.org/W3088350551", "https://openalex.org/W3089090082", "https://openalex.org/W3089349608", "https://openalex.org/W3089559094", "https://openalex.org/W3090681715", "https://openalex.org/W3092286836", "https://openalex.org/W3093164859", "https://openalex.org/W3093282011", "https://openalex.org/W3093389643", "https://openalex.org/W3093991637", "https://openalex.org/W3095893656", "https://openalex.org/W3095922049", "https://openalex.org/W3095964485", "https://openalex.org/W3096211615", "https://openalex.org/W3096372554", "https://openalex.org/W3097781980", "https://openalex.org/W3098229010", "https://openalex.org/W3098357269", "https://openalex.org/W3098686642", "https://openalex.org/W3099561884", "https://openalex.org/W3100321043", "https://openalex.org/W3100511085", "https://openalex.org/W3100789280", "https://openalex.org/W3101156210", "https://openalex.org/W3102952204", "https://openalex.org/W3104258355", "https://openalex.org/W3104810384", "https://openalex.org/W3105282616", "https://openalex.org/W3105695732", "https://openalex.org/W3106310598", "https://openalex.org/W3108500259", "https://openalex.org/W3108892885", "https://openalex.org/W3110498605", "https://openalex.org/W3120244865", "https://openalex.org/W3121263745", "https://openalex.org/W3121787284", "https://openalex.org/W3122230257", "https://openalex.org/W3124561108", "https://openalex.org/W3126008863", "https://openalex.org/W3126423192", "https://openalex.org/W3128259432", "https://openalex.org/W3128557465", "https://openalex.org/W3132727719", "https://openalex.org/W3134705418", "https://openalex.org/W3153073077", "https://openalex.org/W3158468618", "https://openalex.org/W3159001838", "https://openalex.org/W3174248541", "https://openalex.org/W3176923149", "https://openalex.org/W4212774754", "https://openalex.org/W6600001191", "https://openalex.org/W6600116659", "https://openalex.org/W6600120041", "https://openalex.org/W6600175266", "https://openalex.org/W6600613391", "https://openalex.org/W6605946209", "https://openalex.org/W6606711077", "https://openalex.org/W6607167723", "https://openalex.org/W6618372016", "https://openalex.org/W6631621112", "https://openalex.org/W6635002367", "https://openalex.org/W6679338098", "https://openalex.org/W6685378274", "https://openalex.org/W6743446608"], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W4293226380", "https://openalex.org/W4375867731", "https://openalex.org/W2611989081", "https://openalex.org/W4226493464", "https://openalex.org/W4312417841", "https://openalex.org/W3133861977", "https://openalex.org/W2951211570", "https://openalex.org/W3103566983", "https://openalex.org/W3029198973", "https://openalex.org/W4380075502"], "abstract_inverted_index": {"In": [0, 212], "the": [1, 5, 14, 18, 28, 35, 59, 64, 79, 133, 145, 197, 210, 217, 222, 237, 245, 258, 264, 272, 281, 292, 318], "last": [2, 80], "few": [3, 81], "years,": [4], "deep": [6], "learning": [7, 20], "(DL)": [8], "computing": [9], "paradigm": [10], "has": [11, 25, 75, 85, 101, 127], "been": [12, 86, 128], "deemed": [13], "Gold": [15], "Standard": [16], "in": [17, 34, 78, 106, 158, 168], "machine": [19], "(ML)": [21], "community.": [22], "Moreover,": [23], "it": [24, 84, 126], "gradually": [26], "become": [27], "most": [29, 198, 238], "widely": [30], "used": [31, 88], "computational": [32], "approach": [33, 167], "field": [36, 74], "of": [37, 58, 61, 70, 95, 138, 144, 153, 184, 196, 201, 219, 224, 247, 291, 309], "ML,": [38], "thus": [39], "achieving": [40], "outstanding": [41], "results": [42], "on": [43, 135, 312], "several": [44, 130], "complex": [45], "cognitive": [46], "tasks,": [47], "matching": [48], "or": [49], "even": [50], "beating": [51], "those": [52, 205], "provided": [53], "by": [54, 288], "human": [55], "performance.": [56], "One": [57], "benefits": [60], "DL": [62, 73, 100, 202, 225, 240, 294], "is": [63, 286], "ability": [65], "to": [66, 89, 149, 170, 179, 190, 209, 277], "learn": [67], "massive": [68], "amounts": [69], "data.": [71], "The": [72, 314], "grown": [76], "fast": [77], "years": [82], "and": [83, 116, 118, 203, 227, 243, 261, 274, 301, 323, 325], "extensively": [87], "successfully": [90], "address": [91], "a": [92, 164, 172, 181, 192, 289, 307], "wide": [93], "range": [94], "traditional": [96], "applications.": [97, 295], "More": [98], "importantly,": [99], "outperformed": [102], "well-known": [103], "ML": [104], "techniques": [105, 226], "many": [107, 123], "domains,": [108], "e.g.,": [109, 255], "cybersecurity,": [110], "natural": [111], "language": [112], "processing,": [113, 121], "bioinformatics,": [114], "robotics": [115], "control,": [117], "medical": [119], "information": [120], "among": [122], "others.": [124], "Despite": [125], "contributed": [129], "works": [131], "reviewing": [132], "State-of-the-Art": [134], "DL,": [136, 146, 220], "all": [137], "them": [139], "only": [140], "tackled": [141], "one": [142], "aspect": [143], "which": [147, 178, 236], "leads": [148], "an": [150], "overall": [151], "lack": [152], "knowledge": [154], "about": [155], "it.": [156], "Therefore,": [157], "this": [159, 187, 214], "contribution,": [160], "we": [161, 269], "propose": [162], "using": [163], "more": [165, 173, 193], "holistic": [166], "order": [169], "provide": [171, 191], "suitable": [174], "starting": [175, 256], "point": [176], "from": [177], "develop": [180], "full": [182], "understanding": [183], "DL.": [185, 313], "Specifically,": [186], "review": [188], "attempts": [189], "comprehensive": [194], "survey": [195], "important": [199], "aspects": [200], "including": [204, 298], "enhancements": [206], "recently": [207], "added": [208], "field.": [211], "particular,": [213], "paper": [215, 315], "outlines": [216], "importance": [218], "presents": [221, 231], "types": [223], "networks.": [228], "It": [229, 285], "then": [230], "convolutional": [232], "neural": [233], "networks": [234], "(CNNs)": [235], "utilized": [239], "network": [241, 260, 266], "type": [242], "describes": [244], "development": [246], "CNNs": [248], "architectures": [249], "together": [250], "with": [251, 257, 263, 306, 317], "their": [252, 310], "main": [253], "features,": [254], "AlexNet": [259], "closing": [262], "High-Resolution": [265], "(HR.Net).": [267], "Finally,": [268], "further": [270], "present": [271], "challenges": [273], "suggested": [275], "solutions": [276], "help": [278], "researchers": [279], "understand": [280], "existing": [282], "research": [283], "gaps.": [284], "followed": [287], "list": [290], "major": [293], "Computational": [296], "tools": [297], "FPGA,": [299], "GPU,": [300], "CPU": [302], "are": [303], "summarized": [304], "along": [305], "description": [308], "influence": [311], "ends": [316], "evolution": [319], "matrix,": [320], "benchmark": [321], "datasets,": [322], "summary": [324], "conclusion.": [326]}, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 1004}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 2157}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 2214}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 1639}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 722}, {"year": 2021, "cited_by_count": 154}], "updated_date": "2026-09-15T07:32:03.291174", "created_date": "2025-10-10T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W2164553222", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-0003-6-20", "title": "Review of control strategies for robotic movement training after neurologic injury", "display_name": "Review of control strategies for robotic movement training after neurologic injury", "relevance_score": 485.06702, "publication_year": 2009, "publication_date": "2009-06-16", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W2164553222", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-0003-6-20", "mag": "2164553222", "pmid": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19531254"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1186/1743-0003-6-20", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-0003-6-20", "pdf_url": "https://jneuroengrehab.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1743-0003-6-20", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2299478", "display_name": "Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation", "issn_l": "1743-0003", "issn": ["1743-0003"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320256", "host_organization_name": "BioMed Central", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320256", "https://openalex.org/P4310319965"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["BioMed Central", "Springer Nature"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "type": "article", "indexed_in": ["crossref", "doaj", "pubmed"], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "gold", "oa_url": "https://jneuroengrehab.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1743-0003-6-20", "any_repository_has_fulltext": true}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5062116358", "display_name": "Laura Marchal\u2013Crespo", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8008-5803"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I204250578", "display_name": "University of California, Irvine", "ror": "https://ror.org/04gyf1771", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210140791", "display_name": "Irvine University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ysmca02", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210140791"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Laura Marchal-Crespo", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA. lmarchal@uci.edu", "Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA. lmarchal@uci.edu", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I204250578", "https://openalex.org/I4210140791"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5012347119", "display_name": "David J. Reinkensmeyer", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3196-8706"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I204250578", "display_name": "University of California, Irvine", "ror": "https://ror.org/04gyf1771", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "David J Reinkensmeyer", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, USA", "Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 1, "institutions_distinct_count": 2, "corresponding_author_ids": ["https://openalex.org/A5062116358"], "corresponding_institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I204250578", "https://openalex.org/I4210140791"], "apc_list": {"value": 3990, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 3990}, "apc_paid": {"value": 3990, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 3990}, "fwci": 39.6932, "has_fulltext": true, "cited_by_count": 1179, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 0.99933404, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 99, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": "6", "issue": "1", "first_page": "20", "last_page": "20"}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10510", "display_name": "Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery", "score": 0.9997000098228455, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2742", "display_name": "Rehabilitation"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10510", "display_name": "Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery", "score": 0.9997000098228455, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2742", "display_name": "Rehabilitation"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10925", "display_name": "Spinal Cord Injury Research", "score": 0.9987999796867371, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2734", "display_name": "Pathology and Forensic Medicine"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10784", "display_name": "Muscle activation and electromyography studies", "score": 0.9980000257492065, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2204", "display_name": "Biomedical Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/rehabilitation", "display_name": "Rehabilitation", "score": 0.5390699505805969}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science", "display_name": "Computer science", "score": 0.5267607569694519}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-medicine-and-rehabilitation", "display_name": "Physical medicine and rehabilitation", "score": 0.49464151263237}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics", "display_name": "Robotics", "score": 0.4425979256629944}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/coaching", "display_name": "Coaching", "score": 0.43391236662864685}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-control", "display_name": "Motor control", "score": 0.4197543263435364}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/robot", "display_name": "Robot", "score": 0.38072097301483154}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "score": 0.3174562454223633}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine", "display_name": "Medicine", "score": 0.2803906202316284}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology", "display_name": "Psychology", "score": 0.21878674626350403}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-therapy", "display_name": "Physical therapy", "score": 0.2178216576576233}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience", "display_name": "Neuroscience", "score": 0.09625068306922913}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778818304", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1819478", "display_name": "Rehabilitation", "level": 2, "score": 0.5390699505805969}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198", "display_name": "Computer science", "level": 0, "score": 0.5267607569694519}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C99508421", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675", "display_name": "Physical medicine and rehabilitation", "level": 1, "score": 0.49464151263237}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C34413123", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978", "display_name": "Robotics", "level": 3, "score": 0.4425979256629944}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779363792", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1104185", "display_name": "Coaching", "level": 2, "score": 0.43391236662864685}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C137813230", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2996165", "display_name": "Motor control", "level": 2, "score": 0.4197543263435364}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C90509273", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012", "display_name": "Robot", "level": 2, "score": 0.38072097301483154}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "level": 1, "score": 0.3174562454223633}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190", "display_name": "Medicine", "level": 0, "score": 0.2803906202316284}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418", "display_name": "Psychology", "level": 0, "score": 0.21878674626350403}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C1862650", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005", "display_name": "Physical therapy", "level": 1, "score": 0.2178216576576233}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C169760540", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011", "display_name": "Neuroscience", "level": 1, "score": 0.09625068306922913}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C542102704", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257", "display_name": "Psychotherapist", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}], "mesh": [{"descriptor_ui": "D000465", "descriptor_name": "Algorithms", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D000465", "descriptor_name": "Algorithms", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D000465", "descriptor_name": "Algorithms", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D004576", "descriptor_name": "Electromyography", "qualifier_ui": "Q000379", "qualifier_name": "methods", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D004576", "descriptor_name": "Electromyography", "qualifier_ui": "Q000379", "qualifier_name": "methods", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D004576", "descriptor_name": "Electromyography", "qualifier_ui": "Q000379", "qualifier_name": "methods", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D006801", "descriptor_name": "Humans", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D006801", "descriptor_name": "Humans", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D006801", "descriptor_name": "Humans", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D012371", "descriptor_name": "Robotics", "qualifier_ui": "Q000379", "qualifier_name": "methods", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D012371", "descriptor_name": "Robotics", "qualifier_ui": "Q000379", "qualifier_name": "methods", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D012371", "descriptor_name": "Robotics", "qualifier_ui": "Q000379", "qualifier_name": "methods", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D020196", "descriptor_name": "Trauma, Nervous System", "qualifier_ui": "Q000534", "qualifier_name": "rehabilitation", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D020196", "descriptor_name": "Trauma, Nervous System", "qualifier_ui": "Q000534", "qualifier_name": "rehabilitation", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D020196", "descriptor_name": "Trauma, Nervous System", "qualifier_ui": "Q000534", "qualifier_name": "rehabilitation", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D026201", "descriptor_name": "Musculoskeletal Manipulations", "qualifier_ui": "Q000379", "qualifier_name": "methods", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D026201", "descriptor_name": "Musculoskeletal Manipulations", "qualifier_ui": "Q000379", "qualifier_name": "methods", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D026201", "descriptor_name": "Musculoskeletal Manipulations", "qualifier_ui": "Q000379", "qualifier_name": "methods", "is_major_topic": false}], "locations_count": 7, "locations": [{"id": "doi:10.1186/1743-0003-6-20", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-0003-6-20", "pdf_url": "https://jneuroengrehab.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1743-0003-6-20", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2299478", "display_name": "Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation", "issn_l": "1743-0003", "issn": ["1743-0003"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320256", "host_organization_name": "BioMed Central", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320256", "https://openalex.org/P4310319965"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["BioMed Central", "Springer Nature"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, {"id": "pmid:19531254", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19531254", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036", "display_name": "PubMed", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1299303238", "host_organization_name": "National Institutes of Health", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation", "raw_type": "Journal Article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2710333", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2710333", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111", "display_name": "PubMed Central", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1299303238", "host_organization_name": "National Institutes of Health", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "J Neuroeng Rehabil", "raw_type": "Text"}, {"id": "pmh:doi:10.7892/boris.117032", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://boris-portal.unibe.ch/handle/20.500.12422/199955", "pdf_url": null, "source": null, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "JournalArticle"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:boris.unibe.ch:117032", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://boris.unibe.ch/117032/", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401086", "display_name": "Bern Open Repository and Information System (University of Bern)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I118564535", "host_organization_name": "University of Bern", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I118564535"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "Marchal Crespo, Laura; Reinkensmeyer, David J (2009). Review of control strategies for robotic movement training after neurologic injury. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, 6(1), p. 20. BioMed Central 10.1186/1743-0003-6-20 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-0003-6-20>", "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fdd1d7feb1824118af94e22f540b52ec", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doaj.org/article/fdd1d7feb1824118af94e22f540b52ec", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280", "display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by-sa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, Vol 6, Iss 1, p 20 (2009)", "raw_type": "article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt3jf2q27t", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3jf2q27t", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400115", "display_name": "eScholarship (California Digital Library)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I2801248553", "host_organization_name": "California Digital Library", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, vol 6, iss 1", "raw_type": "article"}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "doi:10.1186/1743-0003-6-20", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-0003-6-20", "pdf_url": "https://jneuroengrehab.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1743-0003-6-20", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2299478", "display_name": "Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation", "issn_l": "1743-0003", "issn": ["1743-0003"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320256", "host_organization_name": "BioMed Central", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320256", "https://openalex.org/P4310319965"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["BioMed Central", "Springer Nature"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [], "awards": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/G1952602728", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "M-01RR00827", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320337375", "funder_display_name": "National Center for Research Resources"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G2326769315", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "N01-HD-3\u2013", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320332161", "funder_display_name": "National Institutes of Health"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G241756383", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "M01 RR 000827", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320337375", "funder_display_name": "National Center for Research Resources"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G3412653143", "display_name": "General Clinical Research Center", "funder_award_id": "5m01rr000827-33", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320332161", "funder_display_name": "National Institutes of Health"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G6522548037", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "N01 HD 33352", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320337611", "funder_display_name": "Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development"}], "funders": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320332161", "display_name": "National Institutes of Health", "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320337375", "display_name": "National Center for Research Resources", "ror": "https://ror.org/04pw6fb54"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320337611", "display_name": "Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development", "ror": "https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": true, "pdf": true}, "content_urls": {"pdf": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2164553222.pdf", "grobid_xml": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2164553222.grobid-xml"}, "referenced_works_count": 187, "referenced_works": ["https://openalex.org/W16611561", "https://openalex.org/W123879931", "https://openalex.org/W140580654", "https://openalex.org/W305219788", "https://openalex.org/W356219054", "https://openalex.org/W1487127700", "https://openalex.org/W1513008436", "https://openalex.org/W1514589303", "https://openalex.org/W1540318677", "https://openalex.org/W1576133390", "https://openalex.org/W1584153482", "https://openalex.org/W1594100746", "https://openalex.org/W1721738157", "https://openalex.org/W1782625663", "https://openalex.org/W1841352775", "https://openalex.org/W1872387875", "https://openalex.org/W1889980588", "https://openalex.org/W1963802062", "https://openalex.org/W1964296609", "https://openalex.org/W1965806846", "https://openalex.org/W1967533205", "https://openalex.org/W1968222483", "https://openalex.org/W1968650413", "https://openalex.org/W1969724488", "https://openalex.org/W1972194218", "https://openalex.org/W1973917052", "https://openalex.org/W1975784673", "https://openalex.org/W1979343663", "https://openalex.org/W1980982119", "https://openalex.org/W1982221577", "https://openalex.org/W1983394866", "https://openalex.org/W1986003223", "https://openalex.org/W1987335578", "https://openalex.org/W1992494041", "https://openalex.org/W1992778713", "https://openalex.org/W1993991985", "https://openalex.org/W1994520129", "https://openalex.org/W1995383159", "https://openalex.org/W1998681803", "https://openalex.org/W2000094867", "https://openalex.org/W2003775018", "https://openalex.org/W2005550474", "https://openalex.org/W2008840212", "https://openalex.org/W2012286573", "https://openalex.org/W2013121015", "https://openalex.org/W2014277787", "https://openalex.org/W2014445610", "https://openalex.org/W2016253352", "https://openalex.org/W2016877992", "https://openalex.org/W2018018299", "https://openalex.org/W2019566066", "https://openalex.org/W2022787437", "https://openalex.org/W2023905262", "https://openalex.org/W2024439306", "https://openalex.org/W2024920962", "https://openalex.org/W2026949408", "https://openalex.org/W2031658104", "https://openalex.org/W2039053770", "https://openalex.org/W2039734948", "https://openalex.org/W2046692301", "https://openalex.org/W2047688129", "https://openalex.org/W2051230621", "https://openalex.org/W2051325266", "https://openalex.org/W2056277131", "https://openalex.org/W2056759886", "https://openalex.org/W2063651850", "https://openalex.org/W2066751209", "https://openalex.org/W2068221931", "https://openalex.org/W2074301105", "https://openalex.org/W2076016439", "https://openalex.org/W2077366304", "https://openalex.org/W2077899904", "https://openalex.org/W2080966367", "https://openalex.org/W2088171606", "https://openalex.org/W2089421806", "https://openalex.org/W2090141659", "https://openalex.org/W2090656762", "https://openalex.org/W2092715933", "https://openalex.org/W2098644279", "https://openalex.org/W2098817502", "https://openalex.org/W2098963787", "https://openalex.org/W2099274994", "https://openalex.org/W2099297971", "https://openalex.org/W2099946053", "https://openalex.org/W2100451701", "https://openalex.org/W2100647998", "https://openalex.org/W2100970834", "https://openalex.org/W2102000567", "https://openalex.org/W2104350951", "https://openalex.org/W2105162422", "https://openalex.org/W2105598374", "https://openalex.org/W2105921162", "https://openalex.org/W2106438341", "https://openalex.org/W2110171919", "https://openalex.org/W2110200899", "https://openalex.org/W2110803596", "https://openalex.org/W2112244658", "https://openalex.org/W2112433864", "https://openalex.org/W2112900152", "https://openalex.org/W2113585314", "https://openalex.org/W2114282023", "https://openalex.org/W2115022210", "https://openalex.org/W2115435632", "https://openalex.org/W2117142197", "https://openalex.org/W2119949149", "https://openalex.org/W2119973056", "https://openalex.org/W2120557068", "https://openalex.org/W2122692325", "https://openalex.org/W2123684668", "https://openalex.org/W2125213782", "https://openalex.org/W2125609085", "https://openalex.org/W2125931730", "https://openalex.org/W2126207406", "https://openalex.org/W2126663592", "https://openalex.org/W2126906108", "https://openalex.org/W2127072151", "https://openalex.org/W2127927857", "https://openalex.org/W2129580418", "https://openalex.org/W2130934472", "https://openalex.org/W2131509297", "https://openalex.org/W2131687889", "https://openalex.org/W2133322641", "https://openalex.org/W2134907585", "https://openalex.org/W2135422145", "https://openalex.org/W2135571808", "https://openalex.org/W2135995897", "https://openalex.org/W2136192280", "https://openalex.org/W2136715573", "https://openalex.org/W2137079522", "https://openalex.org/W2137616502", "https://openalex.org/W2137952706", "https://openalex.org/W2138983889", "https://openalex.org/W2140036652", "https://openalex.org/W2140280613", "https://openalex.org/W2140806102", "https://openalex.org/W2141312563", "https://openalex.org/W2141987834", "https://openalex.org/W2146976731", "https://openalex.org/W2148562683", "https://openalex.org/W2148796737", "https://openalex.org/W2150169083", "https://openalex.org/W2151991313", "https://openalex.org/W2153081145", "https://openalex.org/W2153918512", "https://openalex.org/W2157456784", "https://openalex.org/W2157989317", "https://openalex.org/W2158030692", "https://openalex.org/W2158244378", "https://openalex.org/W2158369455", "https://openalex.org/W2158381962", "https://openalex.org/W2158926983", "https://openalex.org/W2160582718", "https://openalex.org/W2161372102", "https://openalex.org/W2161879265", "https://openalex.org/W2164263004", "https://openalex.org/W2164938691", "https://openalex.org/W2165536887", "https://openalex.org/W2165752754", "https://openalex.org/W2166652566", "https://openalex.org/W2166869394", "https://openalex.org/W2167830691", "https://openalex.org/W2167880628", "https://openalex.org/W2168276535", "https://openalex.org/W2170299887", "https://openalex.org/W2170415723", "https://openalex.org/W2171043447", "https://openalex.org/W2313221516", "https://openalex.org/W2318057088", "https://openalex.org/W2531959305", "https://openalex.org/W2542107550", "https://openalex.org/W2542533993", "https://openalex.org/W2548754671", "https://openalex.org/W2582998992", "https://openalex.org/W3116583409", "https://openalex.org/W3143334844", "https://openalex.org/W4205203433", "https://openalex.org/W4231358230", "https://openalex.org/W4232553686", "https://openalex.org/W4242492056", "https://openalex.org/W4244791762", "https://openalex.org/W4248758165", "https://openalex.org/W4249165635", "https://openalex.org/W4249668250", "https://openalex.org/W4252024735", "https://openalex.org/W4285719527", "https://openalex.org/W4297833316", "https://openalex.org/W4301951197"], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W4249854088", "https://openalex.org/W2746413784", "https://openalex.org/W603502240", "https://openalex.org/W656132696", "https://openalex.org/W4232010708", "https://openalex.org/W2748672977", "https://openalex.org/W563471364", "https://openalex.org/W276138570", "https://openalex.org/W4206838062", "https://openalex.org/W2746026485"], "abstract_inverted_index": {"There": [0], "is": [1, 105, 109, 122, 152], "increasing": [2], "interest": [3], "in": [4, 10, 161], "using": [5], "robotic": [6, 29, 102, 133, 182], "devices": [7], "to": [8, 174], "assist": [9], "movement": [11], "training": [12], "following": [13], "neurologic": [14], "injuries": [15], "such": [16], "as": [17, 78, 80], "stroke": [18], "and": [19, 44, 58, 74, 166], "spinal": [20], "cord": [21], "injury.": [22], "This": [23], "paper": [24], "reviews": [25], "control": [26, 85, 114, 134, 159, 184], "strategies": [27, 35, 115], "for": [28, 67, 155, 167, 180], "therapy": [30, 103, 183], "devices.": [31], "Several": [32], "categories": [33], "of": [34, 49, 62, 98, 101, 146, 158, 170], "have": [36], "been": [37, 52], "proposed,": [38], "including,": [39], "assistive,": [40], "challenge-based,": [41], "haptic": [42], "simulation,": [43], "coaching.": [45], "The": [46], "greatest": [47], "amount": [48], "work": [50], "has": [51], "done": [53], "on": [54, 88], "developing": [55], "assistive": [56, 69], "strategies,": [57, 70], "thus": [59], "the": [60, 95, 139], "majority": [61], "this": [63], "review": [64], "summarizes": [65], "techniques": [66], "implementing": [68], "including": [71], "impedance-,": [72], "counterbalance-,": [73], "EMG-": [75], "based": [76, 87], "controllers,": [77], "well": [79], "adaptive": [81], "controllers": [82, 104], "that": [83, 112], "modify": [84], "parameters": [86], "ongoing": [89], "participant": [90], "performance.": [91], "Clinical": [92], "evidence": [93, 111], "regarding": [94], "relative": [96], "effectiveness": [97], "different": [99], "types": [100], "limited,": [106], "but": [107], "there": [108, 126, 151], "initial": [110], "some": [113, 132], "are": [116], "more": [117, 177], "effective": [118], "than": [119], "others.": [120], "It": [121], "also": [123], "now": [124], "apparent": [125], "may": [127], "be": [128], "mechanisms": [129], "by": [130], "which": [131], "approaches": [135], "might": [136], "actually": [137], "decrease": [138], "recovery": [140, 173], "possible": [141], "with": [142], "comparable,": [143], "non-robotic": [144], "forms": [145], "training.": [147], "In": [148], "future": [149], "research,": [150], "a": [153, 176], "need": [154], "head-to-head": [156], "comparison": [157], "algorithms": [160], "randomized,": [162], "controlled": [163], "clinical": [164], "trials,": [165], "improved": [168], "models": [169], "human": [171], "motor": [172], "provide": [175], "rational": [178], "framework": [179], "designing": [181], "strategies.": [185]}, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 56}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 65}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 51}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 61}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 62}, {"year": 2021, "cited_by_count": 74}, {"year": 2020, "cited_by_count": 75}, {"year": 2019, "cited_by_count": 87}, {"year": 2018, "cited_by_count": 103}, {"year": 2017, "cited_by_count": 90}, {"year": 2016, "cited_by_count": 86}, {"year": 2015, "cited_by_count": 71}, {"year": 2014, "cited_by_count": 95}, {"year": 2013, "cited_by_count": 77}, {"year": 2012, "cited_by_count": 51}], "updated_date": "2026-09-15T07:32:03.291174", "created_date": "2025-10-10T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W2962772482", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1145/3236009", "title": "A survey of methods for explaining black box models", "display_name": "A survey of methods for explaining black box models", "relevance_score": 389.8938, "publication_year": 2019, "publication_date": "2019-01-01", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W2962772482", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1145/3236009", "mag": "2962772482"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "pmh:oai:dnet:people______::59c23a947c3ae79b5c331dedba7a295e", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://openportal.isti.cnr.it/doc?id=people______::59c23a947c3ae79b5c331dedba7a295e", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S7407055261", "display_name": "ISTI Open Portal", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "other-oa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "ACM computing surveys 51 (2019). doi:10.1145/3236009", "raw_type": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}, "type": "article", "indexed_in": [], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "green", "oa_url": "https://openportal.isti.cnr.it/doc?id=people______::59c23a947c3ae79b5c331dedba7a295e", "any_repository_has_fulltext": true}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5091251187", "display_name": "Riccardo Guidotti", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2827-7613"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I108290504", "display_name": "University of Pisa", "ror": "https://ror.org/03ad39j10", "country_code": "IT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}], "countries": ["IT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Guidotti R.", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["KDDLab, University of Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "KDDLab, University of Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5003777693", "display_name": "Anna Monreale", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8541-0284"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I108290504", "display_name": "University of Pisa", "ror": "https://ror.org/03ad39j10", "country_code": "IT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}], "countries": ["IT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Monreale A.", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["KDDLab, University of Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "KDDLab, University of Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5071524745", "display_name": "Salvatore Ruggieri", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1917-6087"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I108290504", "display_name": "University of Pisa", "ror": "https://ror.org/03ad39j10", "country_code": "IT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}], "countries": ["IT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ruggieri S.", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["KDDLab, University of Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "KDDLab, University of Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5023007469", "display_name": "Franco Turini", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6789-5476"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I108290504", "display_name": "University of Pisa", "ror": "https://ror.org/03ad39j10", "country_code": "IT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}], "countries": ["IT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Turini F.", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["KDDLab, University of Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "KDDLab, University of Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5024505700", "display_name": "Fosca Giannotti", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3099-3835"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I122991210", "display_name": "Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione \"Alessandro Faedo\"", "ror": "https://ror.org/05kacka20", "country_code": "IT", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I122991210", "https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}], "countries": ["IT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Giannotti F.", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["KDDLab, ISTI-CNR, Pisa, PI, Italy"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "KDDLab, ISTI-CNR, Pisa, PI, Italy", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I122991210"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5044898565", "display_name": "Dino Pedreschi", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4801-3225"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I108290504", "display_name": "University of Pisa", "ror": "https://ror.org/03ad39j10", "country_code": "IT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}], "countries": ["IT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Pedreschi D.", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["KDDLab, University of Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "KDDLab, University of Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 1, "institutions_distinct_count": 2, "corresponding_author_ids": [], "corresponding_institution_ids": [], "apc_list": null, "apc_paid": null, "fwci": 369.0465, "has_fulltext": true, "cited_by_count": 5027, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 0.99994705, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 89, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": null, "issue": null, "first_page": null, "last_page": null}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12026", "display_name": "Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)", "score": 0.9994999766349792, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12026", "display_name": "Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)", "score": 0.9994999766349792, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11689", "display_name": "Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning", "score": 0.9966999888420105, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11303", "display_name": "Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference", "score": 0.9824000000953674, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability", "display_name": "Interpretability", "score": 0.9378745555877686}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/black-box", "display_name": "Black box", "score": 0.880481481552124}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science", "display_name": "Computer science", "score": 0.8302009701728821}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective", "display_name": "Perspective (graphical)", "score": 0.6634745597839355}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science", "display_name": "Data science", "score": 0.5197634100914001}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "score": 0.41060349345207214}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning", "display_name": "Machine learning", "score": 0.3776722550392151}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/management-science", "display_name": "Management science", "score": 0.3700748682022095}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781067378", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399", "display_name": "Interpretability", "level": 2, "score": 0.9378745555877686}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C94966114", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29256", "display_name": "Black box", "level": 2, "score": 0.880481481552124}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198", "display_name": "Computer science", "level": 0, "score": 0.8302009701728821}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C12713177", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281", "display_name": "Perspective (graphical)", "level": 2, "score": 0.6634745597839355}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2522767166", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463", "display_name": "Data science", "level": 1, "score": 0.5197634100914001}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "level": 1, "score": 0.41060349345207214}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C119857082", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539", "display_name": "Machine learning", "level": 1, "score": 0.3776722550392151}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C539667460", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942", "display_name": "Management science", "level": 1, "score": 0.3700748682022095}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134", "display_name": "Economics", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}], "mesh": [], "locations_count": 1, "locations": [{"id": "pmh:oai:dnet:people______::59c23a947c3ae79b5c331dedba7a295e", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://openportal.isti.cnr.it/doc?id=people______::59c23a947c3ae79b5c331dedba7a295e", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S7407055261", "display_name": "ISTI Open Portal", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "other-oa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "ACM computing surveys 51 (2019). doi:10.1145/3236009", "raw_type": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "pmh:oai:dnet:people______::59c23a947c3ae79b5c331dedba7a295e", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://openportal.isti.cnr.it/doc?id=people______::59c23a947c3ae79b5c331dedba7a295e", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S7407055261", "display_name": "ISTI Open Portal", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "other-oa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "ACM computing surveys 51 (2019). doi:10.1145/3236009", "raw_type": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [{"score": 0.7900000214576721, "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16", "display_name": "Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}], "awards": [], "funders": [], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": false, "pdf": false}, "content_urls": null, "referenced_works_count": 82, "referenced_works": ["https://openalex.org/W1531743498", "https://openalex.org/W1560484089", "https://openalex.org/W1623342295", "https://openalex.org/W1645738616", "https://openalex.org/W1787224781", "https://openalex.org/W1915485278", "https://openalex.org/W1932198206", "https://openalex.org/W1976101156", "https://openalex.org/W1982428585", "https://openalex.org/W1988160630", "https://openalex.org/W1990088911", "https://openalex.org/W1996796871", "https://openalex.org/W2005297674", "https://openalex.org/W2009049007", "https://openalex.org/W2011402106", "https://openalex.org/W2013587512", "https://openalex.org/W2014181466", "https://openalex.org/W2026019770", "https://openalex.org/W2026905436", "https://openalex.org/W2027582332", "https://openalex.org/W2027857686", "https://openalex.org/W2046945713", "https://openalex.org/W2051734503", "https://openalex.org/W2054640944", "https://openalex.org/W2056751685", "https://openalex.org/W2059554529", "https://openalex.org/W2061895235", "https://openalex.org/W2063046703", "https://openalex.org/W2084701050", "https://openalex.org/W2090026354", "https://openalex.org/W2094839437", "https://openalex.org/W2095350947", "https://openalex.org/W2100788563", "https://openalex.org/W2104046064", "https://openalex.org/W2106100979", "https://openalex.org/W2107222792", "https://openalex.org/W2118022153", "https://openalex.org/W2123497007", "https://openalex.org/W2125847307", "https://openalex.org/W2128420091", "https://openalex.org/W2148001258", "https://openalex.org/W2149033360", "https://openalex.org/W2158585626", "https://openalex.org/W2166454173", "https://openalex.org/W2168635375", "https://openalex.org/W2190008860", "https://openalex.org/W2195388612", "https://openalex.org/W2223821166", "https://openalex.org/W2240067561", "https://openalex.org/W2282821441", "https://openalex.org/W2295107390", "https://openalex.org/W2367397349", "https://openalex.org/W2394669110", "https://openalex.org/W2396009330", "https://openalex.org/W2491675600", "https://openalex.org/W2510508396", "https://openalex.org/W2531017273", "https://openalex.org/W2548509278", "https://openalex.org/W2549514639", "https://openalex.org/W2556340658", "https://openalex.org/W2584281025", "https://openalex.org/W2588936615", "https://openalex.org/W2594475271", "https://openalex.org/W2612078462", "https://openalex.org/W2614087582", "https://openalex.org/W2745133928", "https://openalex.org/W2770363731", "https://openalex.org/W2907893916", "https://openalex.org/W2911989211", "https://openalex.org/W2913420921", "https://openalex.org/W2962977265", "https://openalex.org/W2963287333", "https://openalex.org/W2998991762", "https://openalex.org/W3005229467", "https://openalex.org/W3007590609", "https://openalex.org/W3009845143", "https://openalex.org/W3102161834", "https://openalex.org/W3102272852", "https://openalex.org/W3123427206", "https://openalex.org/W3124443940", "https://openalex.org/W3124792046", "https://openalex.org/W4240252876"], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W2797441709", "https://openalex.org/W2346578521", "https://openalex.org/W4297660007", "https://openalex.org/W4377704659", "https://openalex.org/W2886918272", "https://openalex.org/W4387589990", "https://openalex.org/W2943982549", "https://openalex.org/W1986582023", "https://openalex.org/W3101055019", "https://openalex.org/W2966829450"], "abstract_inverted_index": {"In": [0], "recent": [1], "years,": [2], "many": [3, 41, 178], "accurate": [4], "decision": [5, 64], "support": [6], "systems": [7, 17, 65], "have": [8], "been": [9], "constructed": [10], "as": [11, 16, 86], "black": [12, 62, 130, 138, 168], "boxes,": [13], "that": [14, 18], "is": [15, 74, 106], "hide": [19], "their": [20], "internal": [21], "logic": [22], "to": [23, 77, 107, 121, 151, 166], "the": [24, 51, 112, 117, 122, 127, 149, 153, 177], "user.": [25], "This": [26], "lack": [27], "of": [28, 53, 97, 103, 111, 124, 129, 164], "explanation": [29, 125], "constitutes": [30], "both": [31], "a": [32, 79, 82, 87, 109, 134, 137, 142], "practical": [33], "and": [34, 71, 99, 126, 141], "an": [35], "ethical": [36], "issue.": [37], "The": [38, 58, 101, 161], "literature": [39, 118], "reports": [40], "approaches": [42, 165], "aimed": [43], "at": [44, 50], "overcoming": [45], "this": [46, 104, 145], "crucial": [47], "weakness,": [48], "sometimes": [49], "cost": [52], "sacrificing": [54], "accuracy": [55], "for": [56, 81, 157, 175], "interpretability.": [57], "applications": [59], "in": [60, 116, 182], "which": [61], "box": [63, 131, 139, 169], "can": [66], "be": [67, 173], "used": [68], "are": [69], "various,": [70], "each": [72], "approach": [73], "typically": [75], "developed": [76], "provide": [78, 108], "solution": [80], "specific": [83], "problem": [84, 135], "and,": [85], "consequence,": [88], "it": [89], "explicitly": [90], "or": [91], "implicitly": [92], "delineates": [93], "its": [94], "own": [95, 159], "definition": [96], "interpretability": [98], "explanation.": [100], "aim": [102], "article": [105], "classification": [110, 163], "main": [113], "problems": [114], "addressed": [115], "with": [119], "respect": [120], "notion": [123], "type": [128], "system.": [132], "Given": [133], "definition,": [136], "type,": [140], "desired": [143], "explanation,": [144], "survey": [146], "should": [147, 171], "help": [148], "researcher": [150], "find": [152], "proposals": [154], "more": [155], "useful": [156, 174], "his": [158], "work.": [160], "proposed": [162], "open": [167, 180], "models": [170], "also": [172], "putting": [176], "research": [179], "questions": [181], "perspective.": [183]}, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 653}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 813}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 718}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 711}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 628}, {"year": 2021, "cited_by_count": 753}, {"year": 2020, "cited_by_count": 478}, {"year": 2019, "cited_by_count": 236}, {"year": 2018, "cited_by_count": 34}, {"year": 2017, "cited_by_count": 1}], "updated_date": "2026-09-15T07:32:03.291174", "created_date": "2025-10-10T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W2794284562", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7068349", "title": "Deep Learning for Computer Vision: A Brief Review", "display_name": "Deep Learning for Computer Vision: A Brief Review", "relevance_score": 388.25824, "publication_year": 2018, "publication_date": "2018-01-01", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W2794284562", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7068349", "mag": "2794284562", "pmid": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29487619"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1155/2018/7068349", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7068349", "pdf_url": "http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cin/2018/7068349.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S72372694", "display_name": "Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience", "issn_l": "1687-5265", "issn": ["1687-5265", "1687-5273"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319869", "host_organization_name": "Hindawi Publishing Corporation", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319869", "https://openalex.org/P4310320595"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Hindawi Publishing Corporation", "Wiley"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "type": "article", "indexed_in": ["crossref", "pubmed"], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "hybrid", "oa_url": "http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cin/2018/7068349.pdf", "any_repository_has_fulltext": true}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5062640206", "display_name": "Athanasios Voulodimos", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0632-9769"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I174458059", "display_name": "National Technical University of Athens", "ror": "https://ror.org/03cx6bg69", "country_code": "GR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I40479246", "display_name": "Technological Educational Institute of Athens", "ror": "https://ror.org/044m46d61", "country_code": "GR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I40479246"]}], "countries": ["GR"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Athanasios Voulodimos", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Informatics, Technological Educational Institute of Athens, 12210 Athens, Greece", "National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0632-9769", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Informatics, Technological Educational Institute of Athens, 12210 Athens, Greece", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I40479246"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5033117805", "display_name": "Nikolaos Doulamis", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I174458059", "display_name": "National Technical University of Athens", "ror": "https://ror.org/03cx6bg69", "country_code": "GR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}], "countries": ["GR"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Nikolaos Doulamis", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5110574930", "display_name": "Anastasios Doulamis", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I174458059", "display_name": "National Technical University of Athens", "ror": "https://ror.org/03cx6bg69", "country_code": "GR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}], "countries": ["GR"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Anastasios Doulamis", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5039837405", "display_name": "Eftychios Protopapadakis", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3876-0024"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I174458059", "display_name": "National Technical University of Athens", "ror": "https://ror.org/03cx6bg69", "country_code": "GR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}], "countries": ["GR"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Eftychios Protopapadakis", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}]}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 1, "institutions_distinct_count": 2, "corresponding_author_ids": ["https://openalex.org/A5062640206"], "corresponding_institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I174458059", "https://openalex.org/I40479246"], "apc_list": {"value": 2550, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 2550}, "apc_paid": {"value": 2550, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 2550}, "fwci": 136.9939, "has_fulltext": true, "cited_by_count": 3381, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 0.99997132, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 99, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": "2018", "issue": null, "first_page": "1", "last_page": "13"}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10036", "display_name": "Advanced Neural Network Applications", "score": 0.9998000264167786, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1707", "display_name": "Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10036", "display_name": "Advanced Neural Network Applications", "score": 0.9998000264167786, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1707", "display_name": "Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10331", "display_name": "Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods", "score": 0.9998000264167786, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1707", "display_name": "Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10812", "display_name": "Human Pose and Action Recognition", "score": 0.9997000098228455, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1707", "display_name": "Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "score": 0.82220458984375}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning", "display_name": "Deep learning", "score": 0.8136006593704224}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science", "display_name": "Computer science", "score": 0.7981181144714355}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/boltzmann-machine", "display_name": "Boltzmann machine", "score": 0.6399560570716858}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network", "display_name": "Convolutional neural network", "score": 0.6336007118225098}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning", "display_name": "Machine learning", "score": 0.5736403465270996}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/restricted-boltzmann-machine", "display_name": "Restricted Boltzmann machine", "score": 0.5685285925865173}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-belief-network", "display_name": "Deep belief network", "score": 0.5234757661819458}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/action", "display_name": "Action (physics)", "score": 0.4735414385795593}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network", "display_name": "Artificial neural network", "score": 0.4322195053100586}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/pose", "display_name": "Pose", "score": 0.4202575385570526}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-neuroscience-of-visual-object-recognition", "display_name": "Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition", "score": 0.4148675799369812}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/object", "display_name": "Object (grammar)", "score": 0.3723585605621338}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "level": 1, "score": 0.82220458984375}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C108583219", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536", "display_name": "Deep learning", "level": 2, "score": 0.8136006593704224}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198", "display_name": "Computer science", "level": 0, "score": 0.7981181144714355}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C192576344", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194706", "display_name": "Boltzmann machine", "level": 3, "score": 0.6399560570716858}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C81363708", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460", "display_name": "Convolutional neural network", "level": 2, "score": 0.6336007118225098}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C119857082", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539", "display_name": "Machine learning", "level": 1, "score": 0.5736403465270996}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C199354608", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7316287", "display_name": "Restricted Boltzmann machine", "level": 3, "score": 0.5685285925865173}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C97385483", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16954980", "display_name": "Deep belief network", "level": 3, "score": 0.5234757661819458}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780791683", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785", "display_name": "Action (physics)", "level": 2, "score": 0.4735414385795593}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C50644808", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776", "display_name": "Artificial neural network", "level": 2, "score": 0.4322195053100586}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C52102323", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671968", "display_name": "Pose", "level": 2, "score": 0.4202575385570526}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C64876066", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141226", "display_name": "Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition", "level": 3, "score": 0.4148675799369812}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781238097", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026", "display_name": "Object (grammar)", "level": 2, "score": 0.3723585605621338}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413", "display_name": "Physics", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944", "display_name": "Quantum mechanics", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}], "mesh": [{"descriptor_ui": "D000069550", "descriptor_name": "Machine Learning", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": true}, {"descriptor_ui": "D000069550", "descriptor_name": "Machine Learning", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": true}, {"descriptor_ui": "D000069550", "descriptor_name": "Machine Learning", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": true}, {"descriptor_ui": "D000465", "descriptor_name": "Algorithms", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": true}, {"descriptor_ui": "D000465", "descriptor_name": "Algorithms", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": true}, {"descriptor_ui": "D000465", "descriptor_name": "Algorithms", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": true}, {"descriptor_ui": "D006801", "descriptor_name": "Humans", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D006801", "descriptor_name": "Humans", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D006801", "descriptor_name": "Humans", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D016571", "descriptor_name": "Neural Networks, Computer", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": true}, {"descriptor_ui": "D016571", "descriptor_name": "Neural Networks, Computer", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": true}, {"descriptor_ui": "D016571", "descriptor_name": "Neural Networks, Computer", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": true}], "locations_count": 4, "locations": [{"id": "doi:10.1155/2018/7068349", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7068349", "pdf_url": "http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cin/2018/7068349.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S72372694", "display_name": "Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience", "issn_l": "1687-5265", "issn": ["1687-5265", "1687-5273"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319869", "host_organization_name": "Hindawi Publishing Corporation", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319869", "https://openalex.org/P4310320595"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Hindawi Publishing Corporation", "Wiley"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, {"id": "pmid:29487619", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29487619", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036", "display_name": "PubMed", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1299303238", "host_organization_name": "National Institutes of Health", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Computational intelligence and neuroscience", "raw_type": "Journal Article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:europepmc.org:4733066", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5816885", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400806", "display_name": "Europe PMC (PubMed Central)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1303153112", "host_organization_name": "European Bioinformatics Institute", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "Text"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5816885", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5816885", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111", "display_name": "PubMed Central", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1299303238", "host_organization_name": "National Institutes of Health", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "Comput Intell Neurosci", "raw_type": "Text"}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "doi:10.1155/2018/7068349", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7068349", "pdf_url": "http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cin/2018/7068349.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S72372694", "display_name": "Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience", "issn_l": "1687-5265", "issn": ["1687-5265", "1687-5273"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319869", "host_organization_name": "Hindawi Publishing Corporation", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319869", "https://openalex.org/P4310320595"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Hindawi Publishing Corporation", "Wiley"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [{"score": 0.4099999964237213, "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16", "display_name": "Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}], "awards": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/G1953887145", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "2014\u20102020", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320320300", "funder_display_name": "European Commission"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G2426432956", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "20142020", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320338080", "funder_display_name": "European Social Fund"}], "funders": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320320300", "display_name": "European Commission", "ror": "https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320321916", "display_name": "State Scholarships Foundation", "ror": "https://ror.org/023z3dm33"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320338080", "display_name": "European Social Fund", "ror": "https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": true, "pdf": true}, "content_urls": {"pdf": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2794284562.pdf", "grobid_xml": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2794284562.grobid-xml"}, "referenced_works_count": 58, "referenced_works": ["https://openalex.org/W95258188", "https://openalex.org/W154472438", "https://openalex.org/W170472577", "https://openalex.org/W189896577", "https://openalex.org/W639708223", "https://openalex.org/W1507506748", "https://openalex.org/W1523493493", "https://openalex.org/W1835073532", "https://openalex.org/W1965804146", "https://openalex.org/W1971014294", "https://openalex.org/W1990838964", "https://openalex.org/W1995341919", "https://openalex.org/W1996608800", "https://openalex.org/W1998399571", "https://openalex.org/W2017257315", "https://openalex.org/W2017656341", "https://openalex.org/W2030536784", "https://openalex.org/W2036109700", "https://openalex.org/W2064675550", "https://openalex.org/W2071709160", "https://openalex.org/W2074148465", "https://openalex.org/W2088049833", "https://openalex.org/W2100495367", "https://openalex.org/W2101926813", "https://openalex.org/W2109255472", "https://openalex.org/W2112796928", "https://openalex.org/W2115733720", "https://openalex.org/W2116360511", "https://openalex.org/W2125515328", "https://openalex.org/W2132023809", "https://openalex.org/W2136922672", "https://openalex.org/W2144354855", "https://openalex.org/W2147800946", "https://openalex.org/W2163922914", "https://openalex.org/W2164122462", "https://openalex.org/W2171312459", "https://openalex.org/W2179352600", "https://openalex.org/W2192598490", "https://openalex.org/W2229476080", "https://openalex.org/W2229484904", "https://openalex.org/W2245000483", "https://openalex.org/W2342792048", "https://openalex.org/W2395611524", "https://openalex.org/W2486988444", "https://openalex.org/W2493922371", "https://openalex.org/W2508058002", "https://openalex.org/W2528333963", "https://openalex.org/W2547489168", "https://openalex.org/W2590106597", "https://openalex.org/W2760011800", "https://openalex.org/W2770198335", "https://openalex.org/W2950192406", "https://openalex.org/W2952074466", "https://openalex.org/W2952677200", "https://openalex.org/W2962734882", "https://openalex.org/W3098722327", "https://openalex.org/W3106144113", "https://openalex.org/W4231109964"], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W2064630666", "https://openalex.org/W3121598771", "https://openalex.org/W2287713958", "https://openalex.org/W2513801676", "https://openalex.org/W2916681395", "https://openalex.org/W3010338767", "https://openalex.org/W1257380361", "https://openalex.org/W2133034788", "https://openalex.org/W3005559199", "https://openalex.org/W2892911634"], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Over": [0], "the": [1, 26, 40, 124], "last": [2], "years": [3], "deep": [4, 43, 116], "learning": [5, 15, 44, 117], "methods": [6], "have": [7], "been": [8], "shown": [9], "to": [10], "outperform": [11], "previous": [12], "state-of-the-art": [13], "machine": [14], "techniques": [16], "in": [17, 47, 86, 114], "several": [18], "fields,": [19], "with": [20], "computer": [21, 48, 88, 120], "vision": [22, 49, 89, 121], "being": [23], "one": [24], "of": [25, 37, 39, 70, 83, 111], "most": [27, 41], "prominent": [28], "cases.": [29], "This": [30], "review": [31], "paper": [32], "provides": [33], "a": [34, 81, 106], "brief": [35, 68, 107], "overview": [36, 108], "some": [38], "significant": [42], "schemes": [45, 118], "used": [46], "problems,": [50], "that": [51], "is,": [52], "Convolutional": [53], "Neural": [54], "Networks,": [55, 62], "Deep": [56, 60], "Boltzmann": [57], "Machines": [58], "and": [59, 63, 75, 98, 101, 123], "Belief": [61], "Stacked": [64], "Denoising": [65], "Autoencoders.": [66], "A": [67], "account": [69], "their": [71, 84], "history,": [72], "structure,": [73], "advantages,": [74], "limitations": [76], "is": [77, 109], "given,": [78], "followed": [79], "by": [80], "description": [82], "applications": [85], "various": [87], "tasks,": [90], "such": [91], "as": [92], "object": [93], "detection,": [94], "face": [95], "recognition,": [96, 100], "action": [97], "activity": [99], "human": [102], "pose": [103], "estimation.": [104], "Finally,": [105], "given": [110], "future": [112], "directions": [113], "designing": [115], "for": [119], "problems": [122], "challenges": [125], "involved": [126], "therein.": [127]}, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 187}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 438}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 577}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 539}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 572}, {"year": 2021, "cited_by_count": 508}, {"year": 2020, "cited_by_count": 372}, {"year": 2019, "cited_by_count": 156}, {"year": 2018, "cited_by_count": 31}], "updated_date": "2026-09-15T07:32:03.291174", "created_date": "2025-10-10T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W2789905221", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechatronics.2018.02.009", "title": "Survey on human\u2013robot collaboration in industrial settings: Safety, intuitive interfaces and applications", "display_name": "Survey on human\u2013robot collaboration in industrial settings: Safety, intuitive interfaces and applications", "relevance_score": 385.2745, "publication_year": 2018, "publication_date": "2018-03-02", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W2789905221", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechatronics.2018.02.009", "mag": "2789905221"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1016/j.mechatronics.2018.02.009", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechatronics.2018.02.009", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S47380182", "display_name": "Mechatronics", "issn_l": "0957-4158", "issn": ["0957-4158", "1873-4006"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Mechatronics", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "type": "article", "indexed_in": ["crossref"], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "green", "oa_url": "https://iris.unimore.it/bitstream/11380/1156534/5/Survey_HRC_mech_v4-compresso.pdf", "any_repository_has_fulltext": true}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5035612059", "display_name": "Valeria Villani", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7619-0101"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I122346577", "display_name": "University of Modena and Reggio Emilia", "ror": "https://ror.org/02d4c4y02", "country_code": "IT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}], "countries": ["IT"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Valeria Villani", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering (DISMI), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7619-0101", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering (DISMI), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5030367089", "display_name": "Fabio Pini", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9263-426X"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I122346577", "display_name": "University of Modena and Reggio Emilia", "ror": "https://ror.org/02d4c4y02", "country_code": "IT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210161797", "display_name": "Ferrari (Italy)", "ror": "https://ror.org/05p859a12", "country_code": "IT", "type": "company", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210161797"]}], "countries": ["IT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Fabio Pini", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Engineering \u201cEnzo Ferrari\u201d (DIEF), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy", "Department of Engineering \"Enzo Ferrari\" (DIEF), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9263-426X", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Engineering \u201cEnzo Ferrari\u201d (DIEF), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I122346577", "https://openalex.org/I4210161797"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Engineering \"Enzo Ferrari\" (DIEF), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5037280247", "display_name": "Francesco Leali", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6621-5379"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I122346577", "display_name": "University of Modena and Reggio Emilia", "ror": "https://ror.org/02d4c4y02", "country_code": "IT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210161797", "display_name": "Ferrari (Italy)", "ror": "https://ror.org/05p859a12", "country_code": "IT", "type": "company", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210161797"]}], "countries": ["IT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Francesco Leali", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Engineering \u201cEnzo Ferrari\u201d (DIEF), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy", "Department of Engineering \"Enzo Ferrari\" (DIEF), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6621-5379", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Engineering \u201cEnzo Ferrari\u201d (DIEF), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I122346577", "https://openalex.org/I4210161797"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Engineering \"Enzo Ferrari\" (DIEF), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5032100434", "display_name": "Cristian Secchi", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2098-0099"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I122346577", "display_name": "University of Modena and Reggio Emilia", "ror": "https://ror.org/02d4c4y02", "country_code": "IT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}], "countries": ["IT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Cristian Secchi", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering (DISMI), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering (DISMI), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}]}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 1, "institutions_distinct_count": 2, "corresponding_author_ids": ["https://openalex.org/A5035612059"], "corresponding_institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I122346577"], "apc_list": {"value": 2940, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 2940}, "apc_paid": null, "fwci": 52.8698, "has_fulltext": true, "cited_by_count": 1217, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 0.99980595, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 89, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": "55", "issue": null, "first_page": "248", "last_page": "266"}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10653", "display_name": "Robot Manipulation and Learning", "score": 0.9990000128746033, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2207", "display_name": "Control and Systems Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10653", "display_name": "Robot Manipulation and Learning", "score": 0.9990000128746033, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2207", "display_name": "Control and Systems Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11687", "display_name": "Teleoperation and Haptic Systems", "score": 0.9941999912261963, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2210", "display_name": "Mechanical Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10525", "display_name": "Human-Automation Interaction and Safety", "score": 0.9921000003814697, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3207", "display_name": "Social Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/robot", "display_name": "Robot", "score": 0.7092350721359253}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility", "display_name": "Flexibility (engineering)", "score": 0.6782463788986206}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013robot-interaction", "display_name": "Human\u2013robot interaction", "score": 0.6503321528434753}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics", "display_name": "Robotics", "score": 0.6361708045005798}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction", "display_name": "Human\u2013computer interaction", "score": 0.6307955384254456}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "score": 0.5423132181167603}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-robot", "display_name": "Industrial robot", "score": 0.4726121723651886}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science", "display_name": "Computer science", "score": 0.46423760056495667}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering", "display_name": "Engineering", "score": 0.3997464179992676}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C90509273", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012", "display_name": "Robot", "level": 2, "score": 0.7092350721359253}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780598303", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492", "display_name": "Flexibility (engineering)", "level": 2, "score": 0.6782463788986206}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C145460709", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q859951", "display_name": "Human\u2013robot interaction", "level": 3, "score": 0.6503321528434753}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C34413123", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978", "display_name": "Robotics", "level": 3, "score": 0.6361708045005798}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C107457646", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434", "display_name": "Human\u2013computer interaction", "level": 1, "score": 0.6307955384254456}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "level": 1, "score": 0.5423132181167603}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776126113", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128980", "display_name": "Industrial robot", "level": 3, "score": 0.4726121723651886}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198", "display_name": "Computer science", "level": 0, "score": 0.46423760056495667}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023", "display_name": "Engineering", "level": 0, "score": 0.3997464179992676}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483", "display_name": "Statistics", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395", "display_name": "Mathematics", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}], "mesh": [], "locations_count": 2, "locations": [{"id": "doi:10.1016/j.mechatronics.2018.02.009", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechatronics.2018.02.009", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S47380182", "display_name": "Mechatronics", "issn_l": "0957-4158", "issn": ["0957-4158", "1873-4006"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Mechatronics", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:iris.unimore.it:11380/1156534", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://hdl.handle.net/11380/1156534", "pdf_url": "https://iris.unimore.it/bitstream/11380/1156534/5/Survey_HRC_mech_v4-compresso.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400718", "display_name": "IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I122346577", "host_organization_name": "University of Modena and Reggio Emilia", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I122346577"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "pmh:oai:iris.unimore.it:11380/1156534", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://hdl.handle.net/11380/1156534", "pdf_url": "https://iris.unimore.it/bitstream/11380/1156534/5/Survey_HRC_mech_v4-compresso.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400718", "display_name": "IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I122346577", "host_organization_name": "University of Modena and Reggio Emilia", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I122346577"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [{"score": 0.46000000834465027, "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9", "display_name": "Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}], "awards": [], "funders": [], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": true, "pdf": true}, "content_urls": {"pdf": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2789905221.pdf", "grobid_xml": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2789905221.grobid-xml"}, "referenced_works_count": 280, "referenced_works": ["https://openalex.org/W28294106", "https://openalex.org/W30666801", "https://openalex.org/W64110711", "https://openalex.org/W118706457", "https://openalex.org/W746171729", "https://openalex.org/W1487858791", "https://openalex.org/W1500588313", "https://openalex.org/W1558804307", "https://openalex.org/W1560270123", "https://openalex.org/W1570903953", "https://openalex.org/W1571443838", "https://openalex.org/W1578592924", "https://openalex.org/W1582009591", "https://openalex.org/W1606426111", "https://openalex.org/W1608680447", "https://openalex.org/W1723566627", "https://openalex.org/W1758676731", "https://openalex.org/W1906852121", "https://openalex.org/W1934068835", "https://openalex.org/W1963651200", "https://openalex.org/W1967659296", "https://openalex.org/W1970863589", "https://openalex.org/W1971252996", "https://openalex.org/W1982051861", "https://openalex.org/W1982954541", "https://openalex.org/W1983662142", "https://openalex.org/W1984187457", "https://openalex.org/W1985406432", "https://openalex.org/W1986014385", "https://openalex.org/W1986600972", "https://openalex.org/W1986981734", "https://openalex.org/W1988419113", "https://openalex.org/W1990673460", "https://openalex.org/W1990759806", "https://openalex.org/W1990786798", "https://openalex.org/W1992985704", "https://openalex.org/W1993687497", "https://openalex.org/W1997447598", "https://openalex.org/W2000450224", "https://openalex.org/W2000982104", "https://openalex.org/W2002281437", "https://openalex.org/W2004887586", "https://openalex.org/W2006830626", "https://openalex.org/W2010613163", "https://openalex.org/W2011889120", "https://openalex.org/W2012338700", "https://openalex.org/W2012342685", "https://openalex.org/W2012705961", "https://openalex.org/W2015515047", "https://openalex.org/W2016433830", "https://openalex.org/W2017239762", "https://openalex.org/W2026669106", "https://openalex.org/W2030157634", "https://openalex.org/W2030363462", "https://openalex.org/W2040963007", "https://openalex.org/W2042883160", "https://openalex.org/W2043886190", "https://openalex.org/W2050835671", "https://openalex.org/W2052971528", "https://openalex.org/W2056731056", "https://openalex.org/W2059376636", "https://openalex.org/W2059453052", "https://openalex.org/W2066523072", "https://openalex.org/W2067187882", "https://openalex.org/W2067634177", "https://openalex.org/W2068228087", "https://openalex.org/W2070935310", "https://openalex.org/W2073136132", "https://openalex.org/W2080426295", "https://openalex.org/W2082911918", "https://openalex.org/W2087171439", "https://openalex.org/W2089796650", "https://openalex.org/W2090042834", "https://openalex.org/W2090925739", "https://openalex.org/W2091570930", "https://openalex.org/W2094537981", "https://openalex.org/W2095867712", "https://openalex.org/W2097544529", "https://openalex.org/W2100938557", "https://openalex.org/W2101139376", "https://openalex.org/W2101490781", "https://openalex.org/W2102184708", "https://openalex.org/W2103026102", "https://openalex.org/W2108323212", "https://openalex.org/W2108703536", "https://openalex.org/W2110304639", "https://openalex.org/W2110378855", "https://openalex.org/W2113811050", "https://openalex.org/W2115231151", "https://openalex.org/W2115734859", "https://openalex.org/W2116165953", "https://openalex.org/W2116226448", "https://openalex.org/W2116442413", "https://openalex.org/W2119301291", "https://openalex.org/W2120650423", "https://openalex.org/W2122395149", "https://openalex.org/W2126514505", "https://openalex.org/W2128677288", "https://openalex.org/W2130297068", "https://openalex.org/W2131063775", "https://openalex.org/W2131404784", "https://openalex.org/W2131789364", "https://openalex.org/W2132990395", "https://openalex.org/W2133875529", "https://openalex.org/W2135293367", "https://openalex.org/W2135569231", "https://openalex.org/W2135907989", "https://openalex.org/W2136715390", "https://openalex.org/W2136970946", "https://openalex.org/W2138224356", "https://openalex.org/W2140557209", "https://openalex.org/W2141323396", "https://openalex.org/W2143571898", "https://openalex.org/W2144211904", "https://openalex.org/W2144369268", "https://openalex.org/W2148407180", "https://openalex.org/W2149085596", "https://openalex.org/W2151202949", "https://openalex.org/W2151914604", "https://openalex.org/W2158685692", "https://openalex.org/W2160282084", "https://openalex.org/W2161319957", "https://openalex.org/W2164639174", "https://openalex.org/W2168720422", "https://openalex.org/W2174644224", "https://openalex.org/W2202906899", "https://openalex.org/W2206515721", "https://openalex.org/W2214212631", "https://openalex.org/W2276698927", "https://openalex.org/W2281447589", "https://openalex.org/W2284269953", "https://openalex.org/W2294294776", "https://openalex.org/W2302290679", "https://openalex.org/W2312797433", "https://openalex.org/W2326713822", "https://openalex.org/W2331138946", "https://openalex.org/W2342091124", "https://openalex.org/W2397982752", "https://openalex.org/W2419059159", "https://openalex.org/W2419360510", "https://openalex.org/W2460060396", "https://openalex.org/W2464484607", "https://openalex.org/W2470328532", "https://openalex.org/W2475297363", "https://openalex.org/W2486728045", "https://openalex.org/W2494452842", "https://openalex.org/W2500624988", "https://openalex.org/W2504654808", "https://openalex.org/W2513304997", "https://openalex.org/W2526637060", "https://openalex.org/W2529581514", "https://openalex.org/W2545144065", "https://openalex.org/W2546545659", "https://openalex.org/W2548512869", "https://openalex.org/W2550922288", "https://openalex.org/W2553849409", "https://openalex.org/W2556512662", "https://openalex.org/W2556813956", "https://openalex.org/W2562290096", "https://openalex.org/W2562597196", "https://openalex.org/W2569005121", "https://openalex.org/W2569195620", "https://openalex.org/W2571139526", "https://openalex.org/W2573723330", "https://openalex.org/W2575876265", "https://openalex.org/W2582998992", "https://openalex.org/W2592394525", "https://openalex.org/W2593216298", "https://openalex.org/W2593465928", "https://openalex.org/W2611616978", "https://openalex.org/W2613049552", "https://openalex.org/W2614099519", "https://openalex.org/W2656892403", "https://openalex.org/W2753007075", "https://openalex.org/W2754425359", "https://openalex.org/W2772887399", "https://openalex.org/W2777194788", "https://openalex.org/W2889483772", "https://openalex.org/W2944523811", "https://openalex.org/W2964121316", "https://openalex.org/W2979613320", "https://openalex.org/W3100674053", "https://openalex.org/W3104699645", "https://openalex.org/W3127839202", "https://openalex.org/W3135878737", "https://openalex.org/W4205559380", "https://openalex.org/W4210974288", "https://openalex.org/W4237933765", "https://openalex.org/W4239720002", "https://openalex.org/W4243385754", "https://openalex.org/W4243696277", "https://openalex.org/W4246329541", "https://openalex.org/W4246760065", "https://openalex.org/W4297975952", "https://openalex.org/W6601150996", "https://openalex.org/W6604881988", "https://openalex.org/W6621913053", "https://openalex.org/W6629123792", "https://openalex.org/W6630056997", "https://openalex.org/W6633367224", "https://openalex.org/W6634869332", "https://openalex.org/W6636316946", "https://openalex.org/W6636413561", "https://openalex.org/W6637529597", "https://openalex.org/W6637781137", "https://openalex.org/W6639720352", "https://openalex.org/W6640705601", "https://openalex.org/W6641859758", "https://openalex.org/W6643025015", "https://openalex.org/W6645975789", "https://openalex.org/W6646800487", "https://openalex.org/W6648596621", "https://openalex.org/W6650349869", "https://openalex.org/W6657092111", "https://openalex.org/W6658086387", "https://openalex.org/W6660940650", "https://openalex.org/W6663328290", "https://openalex.org/W6665277221", "https://openalex.org/W6667208750", "https://openalex.org/W6667674161", "https://openalex.org/W6670725446", "https://openalex.org/W6672479349", "https://openalex.org/W6673188731", "https://openalex.org/W6674610438", "https://openalex.org/W6674893337", "https://openalex.org/W6675381026", "https://openalex.org/W6675434962", "https://openalex.org/W6675679713", "https://openalex.org/W6675737873", "https://openalex.org/W6676348739", "https://openalex.org/W6676890660", "https://openalex.org/W6677156999", "https://openalex.org/W6677473778", "https://openalex.org/W6677936856", "https://openalex.org/W6678268605", "https://openalex.org/W6678403256", "https://openalex.org/W6679075540", "https://openalex.org/W6679447096", "https://openalex.org/W6679684807", "https://openalex.org/W6679816107", "https://openalex.org/W6679914561", "https://openalex.org/W6680081530", "https://openalex.org/W6680187451", "https://openalex.org/W6680734926", "https://openalex.org/W6681165743", "https://openalex.org/W6681322894", "https://openalex.org/W6682584696", "https://openalex.org/W6683240021", "https://openalex.org/W6683767564", "https://openalex.org/W6687987618", "https://openalex.org/W6688062685", "https://openalex.org/W6695522201", "https://openalex.org/W6695939103", "https://openalex.org/W6717760528", "https://openalex.org/W6719142135", "https://openalex.org/W6722982516", "https://openalex.org/W6723109226", "https://openalex.org/W6727697656", "https://openalex.org/W6728460722", "https://openalex.org/W6728919411", "https://openalex.org/W6729029470", "https://openalex.org/W6729189040", "https://openalex.org/W6729554890", "https://openalex.org/W6729949653", "https://openalex.org/W6730088180", "https://openalex.org/W6730388279", "https://openalex.org/W6731017292", "https://openalex.org/W6731537957", "https://openalex.org/W6731766826", "https://openalex.org/W6732201183", "https://openalex.org/W6734168607", "https://openalex.org/W6739497521", "https://openalex.org/W6740112287", "https://openalex.org/W6744293968", "https://openalex.org/W6744600549", "https://openalex.org/W6769192680", "https://openalex.org/W6980082452", "https://openalex.org/W7033523746", "https://openalex.org/W7037929232", "https://openalex.org/W7067772876"], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W1508899372", "https://openalex.org/W4236696095", "https://openalex.org/W3143779693", "https://openalex.org/W4287179229", "https://openalex.org/W3205513966", "https://openalex.org/W3120459843", "https://openalex.org/W4366547574", "https://openalex.org/W3200191727", "https://openalex.org/W4244907930", "https://openalex.org/W2171912896"], "abstract_inverted_index": null, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 137}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 173}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 201}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 190}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 166}, {"year": 2021, "cited_by_count": 166}, {"year": 2020, "cited_by_count": 109}, {"year": 2019, "cited_by_count": 55}, {"year": 2018, "cited_by_count": 19}, {"year": 2016, "cited_by_count": 1}], "updated_date": "2026-09-14T07:18:48.979198", "created_date": "2025-10-10T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W2762248135", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1109/tro.2017.2723903", "title": "Robot Collisions: A Survey on Detection, Isolation, and Identification", "display_name": "Robot Collisions: A Survey on Detection, Isolation, and Identification", "relevance_score": 368.72433, "publication_year": 2017, "publication_date": "2017-10-05", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W2762248135", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1109/tro.2017.2723903", "mag": "2762248135"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1109/tro.2017.2723903", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1109/tro.2017.2723903", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S144620930", "display_name": "IEEE Transactions on Robotics", "issn_l": "1552-3098", "issn": ["1552-3098", "1546-1904", "1941-0468"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319808", "host_organization_name": "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "IEEE Transactions on Robotics", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "type": "article", "indexed_in": ["crossref", "datacite"], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "green", "oa_url": "https://iris.uniroma1.it/bitstream/11573/1071580/5/Haddadin_Postprint_Robot-Collisions_2017.pdf", "any_repository_has_fulltext": true}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5024171209", "display_name": "Sami Haddadin", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7696-4955"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I114112103", "display_name": "Leibniz University Hannover", "ror": "https://ror.org/0304hq317", "country_code": "DE", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}], "countries": ["DE"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Sami Haddadin", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Institute of Automatic Control\u00a0 and with the Hannover Center for Systems Neuroscience, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7696-4955", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Institute of Automatic Control\u00a0 and with the Hannover Center for Systems Neuroscience, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5049914116", "display_name": "Alessandro De Luca", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0713-5608"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I861853513", "display_name": "Sapienza University of Rome", "ror": "https://ror.org/02be6w209", "country_code": "IT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}], "countries": ["IT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Alessandro De Luca", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Dipartimento di Ingegneria Informatica, Automatica e Gestionale, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0713-5608", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Dipartimento di Ingegneria Informatica, Automatica e Gestionale, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5080814983", "display_name": "Alin Albu\u2010Sch\u00e4ffer", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5343-9074"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I2898391981", "display_name": "Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)", "ror": "https://ror.org/04bwf3e34", "country_code": "DE", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1305996414", "https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}], "countries": ["DE"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Alin Albu-Schaffer", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Institute of Robotics and Mechatronics, DLR—German Aerospace Center, Weßling, Germany"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5343-9074", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Institute of Robotics and Mechatronics, DLR—German Aerospace Center, Weßling, Germany", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 2, "institutions_distinct_count": 3, "corresponding_author_ids": [], "corresponding_institution_ids": [], "apc_list": {"value": 2645, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 2645}, "apc_paid": null, "fwci": 19.4594, "has_fulltext": true, "cited_by_count": 794, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 0.99774735, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 89, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": "33", "issue": "6", "first_page": "1292", "last_page": "1312"}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11023", "display_name": "Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics", "score": 0.9995999932289124, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2204", "display_name": "Biomedical Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11023", "display_name": "Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics", "score": 0.9995999932289124, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2204", "display_name": "Biomedical Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10653", "display_name": "Robot Manipulation and Learning", "score": 0.9990000128746033, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2207", "display_name": "Control and Systems Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10879", "display_name": "Robotic Locomotion and Control", "score": 0.9983000159263611, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2204", "display_name": "Biomedical Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/robot", "display_name": "Robot", "score": 0.8193098306655884}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/context", "display_name": "Context (archaeology)", "score": 0.5958687663078308}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/workspace", "display_name": "Workspace", "score": 0.5729374885559082}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility", "display_name": "Flexibility (engineering)", "score": 0.542974054813385}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/identification", "display_name": "Identification (biology)", "score": 0.5318396091461182}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science", "display_name": "Computer science", "score": 0.513861894607544}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/isolation", "display_name": "Isolation (microbiology)", "score": 0.5074142813682556}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/robot-control", "display_name": "Robot control", "score": 0.4588930606842041}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "score": 0.4213413894176483}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/collision", "display_name": "Collision", "score": 0.4104484021663666}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation", "display_name": "Simulation", "score": 0.3969937860965729}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction", "display_name": "Human\u2013computer interaction", "score": 0.37749046087265015}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering", "display_name": "Engineering", "score": 0.35055989027023315}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering", "display_name": "Control engineering", "score": 0.33669859170913696}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-robot", "display_name": "Mobile robot", "score": 0.3354361057281494}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security", "display_name": "Computer security", "score": 0.10987484455108643}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C90509273", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012", "display_name": "Robot", "level": 2, "score": 0.8193098306655884}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175", "display_name": "Context (archaeology)", "level": 2, "score": 0.5958687663078308}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C58581272", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12741163", "display_name": "Workspace", "level": 3, "score": 0.5729374885559082}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780598303", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492", "display_name": "Flexibility (engineering)", "level": 2, "score": 0.542974054813385}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C116834253", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217", "display_name": "Identification (biology)", "level": 2, "score": 0.5318396091461182}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198", "display_name": "Computer science", "level": 0, "score": 0.513861894607544}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2775941552", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25212305", "display_name": "Isolation (microbiology)", "level": 2, "score": 0.5074142813682556}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C65401140", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353385", "display_name": "Robot control", "level": 4, "score": 0.4588930606842041}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "level": 1, "score": 0.4213413894176483}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C121704057", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352070", "display_name": "Collision", "level": 2, "score": 0.4104484021663666}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C44154836", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045", "display_name": "Simulation", "level": 1, "score": 0.3969937860965729}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C107457646", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434", "display_name": "Human\u2013computer interaction", "level": 1, "score": 0.37749046087265015}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023", "display_name": "Engineering", "level": 0, "score": 0.35055989027023315}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C133731056", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288", "display_name": "Control engineering", "level": 1, "score": 0.33669859170913696}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C19966478", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4810574", "display_name": "Mobile robot", "level": 3, "score": 0.3354361057281494}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521", "display_name": "Computer security", "level": 1, "score": 0.10987484455108643}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395", "display_name": "Mathematics", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420", "display_name": "Biology", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483", "display_name": "Statistics", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C59822182", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441", "display_name": "Botany", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C89423630", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193", "display_name": "Microbiology", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C151730666", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205", "display_name": "Paleontology", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}], "mesh": [], "locations_count": 7, "locations": [{"id": "doi:10.1109/tro.2017.2723903", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1109/tro.2017.2723903", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S144620930", "display_name": "IEEE Transactions on Robotics", "issn_l": "1552-3098", "issn": ["1552-3098", "1546-1904", "1941-0468"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319808", "host_organization_name": "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "IEEE Transactions on Robotics", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:iris.uniroma1.it:11573/1071580", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1071580", "pdf_url": "https://iris.uniroma1.it/bitstream/11573/1071580/5/Haddadin_Postprint_Robot-Collisions_2017.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4377196107", "display_name": "IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "other-oa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:repo.uni-hannover.de:123456789/3544", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://repo.uni-hannover.de/handle/123456789/3544", "pdf_url": "https://repo.uni-hannover.de/bitstreams/91a2f004-36f2-46b6-82e8-74090ffc336a/download", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401575", "display_name": "Institutional Repository of Leibniz Universit\u00e4t Hannover (Leibniz Universit\u00e4t Hannover)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I114112103", "host_organization_name": "Leibniz University Hannover", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I114112103"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "IEEE Transactions on Robotics 33 (2017)", "raw_type": "doc-type:Article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:elib.dlr.de:114697", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://elib.dlr.de/114697/", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4377196266", "display_name": "elib (German Aerospace Center)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I2898391981", "host_organization_name": "Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "", "raw_type": "Zeitschriftenbeitrag"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:elib.dlr.de:117080", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://elib.dlr.de/117080/", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4377196266", "display_name": "elib (German Aerospace Center)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I2898391981", "host_organization_name": "Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "", "raw_type": "Zeitschriftenbeitrag"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:www.repo.uni-hannover.de:123456789/3544", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://www.repo.uni-hannover.de:443/handle/123456789/3544", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401575", "display_name": "Institutional Repository of Leibniz Universit\u00e4t Hannover (Leibniz Universit\u00e4t Hannover)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I114112103", "host_organization_name": "Leibniz University Hannover", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I114112103"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "IEEE Transactions on Robotics 33 (2017)", "raw_type": "doc-type:Article"}, {"id": "doi:10.15488/3514", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.15488/3514", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S7407052956", "display_name": "Leibniz Universit\u00e4t Hannover", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": null, "is_accepted": false, "is_published": null, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "article-journal"}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "pmh:oai:iris.uniroma1.it:11573/1071580", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1071580", "pdf_url": "https://iris.uniroma1.it/bitstream/11573/1071580/5/Haddadin_Postprint_Robot-Collisions_2017.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4377196107", "display_name": "IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "other-oa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [], "awards": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/G434337789", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "HORIZON2020", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320320300", "funder_display_name": "European Commission"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G6977038973", "display_name": "Safe and Autonomous Physical Human-Aware Robot Interaction", "funder_award_id": "287513", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320320300", "funder_display_name": "European Commission"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G8606958131", "display_name": "Synergy-based Open-source Foundations and Technologies for Prosthetics and RehabilitatiOn", "funder_award_id": "688857", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320320300", "funder_display_name": "European Commission"}], "funders": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320320300", "display_name": "European Commission", "ror": "https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": true, "pdf": true}, "content_urls": {"pdf": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2762248135.pdf", "grobid_xml": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2762248135.grobid-xml"}, "referenced_works_count": 69, "referenced_works": ["https://openalex.org/W28635149", "https://openalex.org/W101508493", "https://openalex.org/W189803804", "https://openalex.org/W1539166597", "https://openalex.org/W1564897360", "https://openalex.org/W1601495401", "https://openalex.org/W1654016072", "https://openalex.org/W1666709923", "https://openalex.org/W1988031530", "https://openalex.org/W1992461594", "https://openalex.org/W1993999483", "https://openalex.org/W1995090200", "https://openalex.org/W1995213905", "https://openalex.org/W1999045575", "https://openalex.org/W2001112604", "https://openalex.org/W2002589631", "https://openalex.org/W2015413619", "https://openalex.org/W2019965290", "https://openalex.org/W2033709107", "https://openalex.org/W2050835671", "https://openalex.org/W2066202893", "https://openalex.org/W2066379939", "https://openalex.org/W2068074219", "https://openalex.org/W2073136132", "https://openalex.org/W2078072002", "https://openalex.org/W2099893201", "https://openalex.org/W2099915711", "https://openalex.org/W2100913768", "https://openalex.org/W2103120971", "https://openalex.org/W2110329120", "https://openalex.org/W2110987513", "https://openalex.org/W2111253117", "https://openalex.org/W2116113712", "https://openalex.org/W2116966230", "https://openalex.org/W2121991065", "https://openalex.org/W2126171192", "https://openalex.org/W2126654773", "https://openalex.org/W2128722009", "https://openalex.org/W2130883172", "https://openalex.org/W2131292439", "https://openalex.org/W2132135113", "https://openalex.org/W2137165191", "https://openalex.org/W2144907335", "https://openalex.org/W2149085596", "https://openalex.org/W2150024155", "https://openalex.org/W2154777391", "https://openalex.org/W2157439141", "https://openalex.org/W2159746877", "https://openalex.org/W2160840466", "https://openalex.org/W2164264801", "https://openalex.org/W2164796184", "https://openalex.org/W2170133847", "https://openalex.org/W2188348963", "https://openalex.org/W2223055204", "https://openalex.org/W2322481955", "https://openalex.org/W2558009093", "https://openalex.org/W2563940612", "https://openalex.org/W2567951864", "https://openalex.org/W2736449616", "https://openalex.org/W2977721975", "https://openalex.org/W3210309929", "https://openalex.org/W4240801863", "https://openalex.org/W4242811155", "https://openalex.org/W4244661515", "https://openalex.org/W6675251542", "https://openalex.org/W6683073854", "https://openalex.org/W6730209294", "https://openalex.org/W6803628664", "https://openalex.org/W7009799156"], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W2762381663", "https://openalex.org/W1886477626", "https://openalex.org/W4385196987", "https://openalex.org/W1540467731", "https://openalex.org/W218732962", "https://openalex.org/W2538037439", "https://openalex.org/W4317826762", "https://openalex.org/W2741909783", "https://openalex.org/W1979383880", "https://openalex.org/W3110580084"], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Robot": [0], "assistants": [1], "and": [2, 11, 25, 31, 84, 94, 133, 159, 164], "professional": [3], "coworkers": [4], "are": [5], "becoming": [6], "a": [7], "commodity": [8], "in": [9, 118], "domestic": [10], "industrial": [12], "settings.": [13], "In": [14, 68], "order": [15], "to": [16, 19, 65, 136, 151, 161, 166], "enable": [17], "robots": [18, 112, 131], "share": [20], "their": [21], "workspace": [22], "with": [23, 28, 45, 114], "humans": [24], "physically": [26, 144], "interact": [27], "them,": [29], "fast": [30], "reliable": [32], "handling": [33], "of": [34, 60, 106, 139], "possible": [35, 61], "collisions": [36], "on": [37, 73, 77], "the": [38, 56, 78, 103, 107, 115, 137], "entire": [39], "robot": [40, 50], "structure": [41], "is": [42, 55, 127], "needed,": [43], "along": [44], "control": [46], "strategies": [47], "for": [48, 89, 111, 129], "safe": [49], "reaction.": [51], "The": [52, 125, 142], "primary": [53], "motivation": [54], "prevention": [57], "or": [58, 122], "limitation": [59], "human": [62], "injury": [63], "due": [64], "physical": [66, 119], "contacts.": [67], "this": [69], "survey": [70], "paper,": [71], "based": [72], "our": [74], "early": [75], "work": [76], "subject,": [79], "we": [80], "review,": [81], "extend,": [82], "compare,": [83], "evaluate": [85], "experimentally": [86], "model-based": [87], "algorithms": [88], "real-time": [90], "collision": [91, 108], "detection,": [92], "isolation,": [93], "identification": [95], "that": [96], "use": [97], "only": [98], "proprioceptive": [99], "sensors.": [100], "This": [101], "covers": [102], "context-independent": [104], "phases": [105], "event": [109], "pipeline": [110], "interacting": [113], "environment,": [116], "as": [117], "human\u2013robot": [120], "interaction": [121], "manipulation": [123], "tasks.": [124], "problem": [126], "addressed": [128], "rigid": [130], "first": [132], "then": [134], "extended": [135], "presence": [138], "joint/transmission": [140], "flexibility.": [141], "basic": [143], "motivated": [145], "solution": [146], "has": [147], "already": [148], "been": [149], "applied": [150], "numerous": [152], "robotic": [153], "systems": [154], "worldwide,": [155], "ranging": [156], "from": [157], "manipulators": [158], "humanoids": [160], "flying": [162], "robots,": [163], "even": [165], "commercial": [167], "products.": [168]}, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 64}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 104}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 115}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 120}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 119}, {"year": 2021, "cited_by_count": 101}, {"year": 2020, "cited_by_count": 77}, {"year": 2019, "cited_by_count": 67}, {"year": 2018, "cited_by_count": 25}, {"year": 2017, "cited_by_count": 1}, {"year": 2016, "cited_by_count": 1}], "updated_date": "2026-09-09T07:26:56.047234", "created_date": "2025-10-10T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W2076748073", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/902316", "title": "A Review of Mobile Robotic Telepresence", "display_name": "A Review of Mobile Robotic Telepresence", "relevance_score": 363.37827, "publication_year": 2013, "publication_date": "2013-01-01", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W2076748073", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/902316", "mag": "2076748073"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1155/2013/902316", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/902316", "pdf_url": "https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ahci/2013/902316.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S156498152", "display_name": "Advances in Human-Computer Interaction", "issn_l": "1687-5893", "issn": ["1687-5893", "1687-5907"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319869", "host_organization_name": "Hindawi Publishing Corporation", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319869", "https://openalex.org/P4310320595"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Hindawi Publishing Corporation", "Wiley"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Advances in Human-Computer Interaction", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "type": "article", "indexed_in": ["crossref", "doaj"], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "gold", "oa_url": "https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ahci/2013/902316.pdf", "any_repository_has_fulltext": true}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5012966667", "display_name": "Annica Kristoffersson", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4368-4751"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I26437253", "display_name": "\u00d6rebro University", "ror": "https://ror.org/05kytsw45", "country_code": "SE", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I26437253"]}], "countries": ["SE"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Annica Kristoffersson", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Center of Applied Autonomous Sensor Systems, \u00d6rebro University, Fakultetsgatan 1, 70182 \u00d6rebro, Sweden"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Center of Applied Autonomous Sensor Systems, \u00d6rebro University, Fakultetsgatan 1, 70182 \u00d6rebro, Sweden", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I26437253"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5070533154", "display_name": "Silvia Coradeschi", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I26437253", "display_name": "\u00d6rebro University", "ror": "https://ror.org/05kytsw45", "country_code": "SE", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I26437253"]}], "countries": ["SE"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Silvia Coradeschi", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Center of Applied Autonomous Sensor Systems, \u00d6rebro University, Fakultetsgatan 1, 70182 \u00d6rebro, Sweden"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Center of Applied Autonomous Sensor Systems, \u00d6rebro University, Fakultetsgatan 1, 70182 \u00d6rebro, Sweden", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I26437253"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5025841244", "display_name": "Amy Loutfi", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3122-693X"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I26437253", "display_name": "\u00d6rebro University", "ror": "https://ror.org/05kytsw45", "country_code": "SE", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I26437253"]}], "countries": ["SE"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Amy Loutfi", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Center of Applied Autonomous Sensor Systems, \u00d6rebro University, Fakultetsgatan 1, 70182 \u00d6rebro, Sweden"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Center of Applied Autonomous Sensor Systems, \u00d6rebro University, Fakultetsgatan 1, 70182 \u00d6rebro, Sweden", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I26437253"]}]}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 1, "institutions_distinct_count": 1, "corresponding_author_ids": ["https://openalex.org/A5012966667"], "corresponding_institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I26437253"], "apc_list": {"value": 1000, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 1000}, "apc_paid": {"value": 1000, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 1000}, "fwci": 29.328, "has_fulltext": true, "cited_by_count": 377, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 0.99811452, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 98, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": "2013", "issue": null, "first_page": "1", "last_page": "17"}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10709", "display_name": "Social Robot Interaction and HRI", "score": 0.9994999766349792, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3207", "display_name": "Social Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10709", "display_name": "Social Robot Interaction and HRI", "score": 0.9994999766349792, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3207", "display_name": "Social Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13382", "display_name": "Robotics and Automated Systems", "score": 0.9954000115394592, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2207", "display_name": "Control and Systems Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10648", "display_name": "Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts", "score": 0.9947999715805054, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1709", "display_name": "Human-Computer Interaction"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/terminology", "display_name": "Terminology", "score": 0.6947494149208069}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/telerobotics", "display_name": "Telerobotics", "score": 0.6616929769515991}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science", "display_name": "Computer science", "score": 0.5918554663658142}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/videoconferencing", "display_name": "Videoconferencing", "score": 0.5330663323402405}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/field", "display_name": "Field (mathematics)", "score": 0.5302352905273438}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction", "display_name": "Human\u2013computer interaction", "score": 0.5108579993247986}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/context", "display_name": "Context (archaeology)", "score": 0.5029143691062927}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-robot", "display_name": "Mobile robot", "score": 0.48793360590934753}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device", "display_name": "Mobile device", "score": 0.4472007155418396}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/set", "display_name": "Set (abstract data type)", "score": 0.44121846556663513}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia", "display_name": "Multimedia", "score": 0.3914986550807953}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/robot", "display_name": "Robot", "score": 0.35863184928894043}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "score": 0.15045055747032166}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web", "display_name": "World Wide Web", "score": 0.11654683947563171}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C547195049", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1725664", "display_name": "Terminology", "level": 2, "score": 0.6947494149208069}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C196467688", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1851985", "display_name": "Telerobotics", "level": 4, "score": 0.6616929769515991}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198", "display_name": "Computer science", "level": 0, "score": 0.5918554663658142}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C22561748", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854954", "display_name": "Videoconferencing", "level": 2, "score": 0.5330663323402405}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C9652623", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109", "display_name": "Field (mathematics)", "level": 2, "score": 0.5302352905273438}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C107457646", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434", "display_name": "Human\u2013computer interaction", "level": 1, "score": 0.5108579993247986}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175", "display_name": "Context (archaeology)", "level": 2, "score": 0.5029143691062927}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C19966478", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4810574", "display_name": "Mobile robot", "level": 3, "score": 0.48793360590934753}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C186967261", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128", "display_name": "Mobile device", "level": 2, "score": 0.4472007155418396}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C177264268", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741", "display_name": "Set (abstract data type)", "level": 2, "score": 0.44121846556663513}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C49774154", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765", "display_name": "Multimedia", "level": 1, "score": 0.3914986550807953}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C90509273", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012", "display_name": "Robot", "level": 2, "score": 0.35863184928894043}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "level": 1, "score": 0.15045055747032166}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C136764020", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466", "display_name": "World Wide Web", "level": 1, "score": 0.11654683947563171}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C202444582", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863", "display_name": "Pure mathematics", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420", "display_name": "Biology", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891", "display_name": "Philosophy", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162", "display_name": "Linguistics", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C199360897", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143", "display_name": "Programming language", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395", "display_name": "Mathematics", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C151730666", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205", "display_name": "Paleontology", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}], "mesh": [], "locations_count": 4, "locations": [{"id": "doi:10.1155/2013/902316", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/902316", "pdf_url": "https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ahci/2013/902316.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S156498152", "display_name": "Advances in Human-Computer Interaction", "issn_l": "1687-5893", "issn": ["1687-5893", "1687-5907"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319869", "host_organization_name": "Hindawi Publishing Corporation", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319869", "https://openalex.org/P4310320595"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Hindawi Publishing Corporation", "Wiley"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Advances in Human-Computer Interaction", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:DiVA.org:mdh-43392", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-43392", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401559", "display_name": "KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I86987016", "host_organization_name": "KTH Royal Institute of Technology", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I86987016"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "other-oa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:DiVA.org:oru-29309", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-29309", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401559", "display_name": "KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I86987016", "host_organization_name": "KTH Royal Institute of Technology", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I86987016"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "other-oa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c7160db2493c42b88dab5eec25921160", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doaj.org/article/c7160db2493c42b88dab5eec25921160", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280", "display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by-sa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "Advances in Human-Computer Interaction, Vol 2013 (2013)", "raw_type": "article"}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "doi:10.1155/2013/902316", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/902316", "pdf_url": "https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ahci/2013/902316.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S156498152", "display_name": "Advances in Human-Computer Interaction", "issn_l": "1687-5893", "issn": ["1687-5893", "1687-5907"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319869", "host_organization_name": "Hindawi Publishing Corporation", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319869", "https://openalex.org/P4310320595"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Hindawi Publishing Corporation", "Wiley"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Advances in Human-Computer Interaction", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [{"score": 0.47999998927116394, "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10", "display_name": "Reduced inequalities"}], "awards": [], "funders": [], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": true, "pdf": true}, "content_urls": {"pdf": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2076748073.pdf", "grobid_xml": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2076748073.grobid-xml"}, "referenced_works_count": 83, "referenced_works": ["https://openalex.org/W2839389", "https://openalex.org/W23242400", "https://openalex.org/W45905360", "https://openalex.org/W118218891", "https://openalex.org/W165201143", "https://openalex.org/W204453183", "https://openalex.org/W1510226615", "https://openalex.org/W1516158759", "https://openalex.org/W1552216459", "https://openalex.org/W1570287088", "https://openalex.org/W1596689491", "https://openalex.org/W1965541151", "https://openalex.org/W1966627854", "https://openalex.org/W1970971073", "https://openalex.org/W1973034110", "https://openalex.org/W1973379734", "https://openalex.org/W1975581459", "https://openalex.org/W1985922567", "https://openalex.org/W1987900808", "https://openalex.org/W1995519433", "https://openalex.org/W1998068241", "https://openalex.org/W2000916439", "https://openalex.org/W2005046045", "https://openalex.org/W2016271090", "https://openalex.org/W2016589014", "https://openalex.org/W2025226952", "https://openalex.org/W2028904840", "https://openalex.org/W2029106357", "https://openalex.org/W2030191867", "https://openalex.org/W2030309638", "https://openalex.org/W2033192284", "https://openalex.org/W2040788031", "https://openalex.org/W2043223222", "https://openalex.org/W2050212689", "https://openalex.org/W2052125717", "https://openalex.org/W2064945982", "https://openalex.org/W2068052231", "https://openalex.org/W2069056492", "https://openalex.org/W2069726596", "https://openalex.org/W2070278121", "https://openalex.org/W2074531732", "https://openalex.org/W2083513128", "https://openalex.org/W2086695180", "https://openalex.org/W2087550750", "https://openalex.org/W2089657929", "https://openalex.org/W2093979237", "https://openalex.org/W2094582167", "https://openalex.org/W2097071772", "https://openalex.org/W2101644100", "https://openalex.org/W2104627766", "https://openalex.org/W2105685072", "https://openalex.org/W2108746493", "https://openalex.org/W2110546472", "https://openalex.org/W2110761673", "https://openalex.org/W2111210193", "https://openalex.org/W2111879728", "https://openalex.org/W2116598827", "https://openalex.org/W2117909897", "https://openalex.org/W2120396409", "https://openalex.org/W2121760039", "https://openalex.org/W2122090757", "https://openalex.org/W2126764680", "https://openalex.org/W2130379581", "https://openalex.org/W2131325913", "https://openalex.org/W2131925973", "https://openalex.org/W2136757566", "https://openalex.org/W2143364856", "https://openalex.org/W2144049860", "https://openalex.org/W2144421702", "https://openalex.org/W2144599292", "https://openalex.org/W2149278022", "https://openalex.org/W2151905266", "https://openalex.org/W2153298313", "https://openalex.org/W2157801514", "https://openalex.org/W2159523334", "https://openalex.org/W2161794541", "https://openalex.org/W2163316533", "https://openalex.org/W2164933002", "https://openalex.org/W2394704252", "https://openalex.org/W2400628881", "https://openalex.org/W2517788540", "https://openalex.org/W3103471563", "https://openalex.org/W3164809817"], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W2350593162", "https://openalex.org/W2390350206", "https://openalex.org/W1969477129", "https://openalex.org/W2921208823", "https://openalex.org/W2353483812", "https://openalex.org/W2131808775", "https://openalex.org/W2130038259", "https://openalex.org/W2360756181", "https://openalex.org/W2374093222", "https://openalex.org/W2359533638"], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Mobile": [0], "robotic": [1, 75, 122, 152], "telepresence": [2, 76, 123, 153], "(MRP)": [3], "systems": [4, 124, 154], "incorporate": [5], "video": [6], "conferencing": [7], "equipment": [8], "onto": [9], "mobile": [10, 74, 121, 151], "robot": [11], "devices": [12], "which": [13, 22], "can": [14], "be": [15], "steered": [16], "from": [17], "remote": [18], "locations.": [19], "These": [20], "systems,": [21, 64], "are": [23, 35], "primarily": [24], "used": [25], "in": [26, 70, 133], "the": [27, 51, 62, 71, 87, 99, 113, 131, 139, 148], "context": [28], "of": [29, 61, 95, 144, 150], "promoting": [30], "social": [31, 156], "interaction": [32, 132], "between": [33], "people,": [34], "becoming": [36], "increasingly": [37], "popular": [38], "within": [39], "certain": [40], "application": [41, 65], "domains": [42], "such": [43], "as": [44, 89, 127, 129], "health": [45], "care": [46], "environments,": [47], "independent": [48], "living": [49], "for": [50, 86, 98, 117, 147, 155], "elderly,": [52], "and": [53, 67, 119, 135], "office": [54], "environments.": [55], "In": [56], "this": [57, 107], "paper,": [58], "an": [59, 110], "overview": [60], "various": [63, 114], "areas,": [66], "challenges": [68], "found": [69], "literature": [72], "concerning": [73], "is": [77, 91], "provided.": [78], "The": [79], "survey": [80, 140], "also": [81], "proposes": [82], "a": [83, 93, 142], "set": [84], "terminology": [85], "field": [88, 136], "there": [90], "currently": [92], "lack": [94], "standard": [96], "terms": [97], "different": [100], "concepts": [101], "related": [102], "to": [103], "MRP": [104], "systems.": [105], "Further,": [106], "paper": [108], "provides": [109], "outlook": [111], "on": [112], "research": [115], "directions": [116], "developing": [118], "enhancing": [120], "per": [125], "se,": [126], "well": [128], "evaluating": [130], "laboratory": [134], "settings.": [137], "Finally,": [138], "outlines": [141], "number": [143], "design": [145], "implications": [146], "future": [149], "interaction.": [157]}, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 16}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 17}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 25}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 36}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 33}, {"year": 2021, "cited_by_count": 42}, {"year": 2020, "cited_by_count": 34}, {"year": 2019, "cited_by_count": 31}, {"year": 2018, "cited_by_count": 29}, {"year": 2017, "cited_by_count": 34}, {"year": 2016, "cited_by_count": 31}, {"year": 2015, "cited_by_count": 26}, {"year": 2014, "cited_by_count": 15}, {"year": 2013, "cited_by_count": 7}], "updated_date": "2026-09-11T09:22:31.653822", "created_date": "2025-10-10T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W2553095014", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841x.2016.1208146", "title": "Critical review on biofilm methods", "display_name": "Critical review on biofilm methods", "relevance_score": 351.4417, "publication_year": 2016, "publication_date": "2016-11-21", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W2553095014", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841x.2016.1208146", "mag": "2553095014", "pmid": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27868469"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1080/1040841x.2016.1208146", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841x.2016.1208146", "pdf_url": "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/1040841X.2016.1208146?needAccess=true", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S6081579", "display_name": "Critical Reviews in Microbiology", "issn_l": "1040-841X", "issn": ["1040-841X", "1549-7828"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320547", "host_organization_name": "Taylor & Francis", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320547", "https://openalex.org/P4310320449"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Taylor & Francis", "Informa"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Critical Reviews in Microbiology", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "type": "article", "indexed_in": ["crossref", "pubmed"], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "hybrid", "oa_url": "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/1040841X.2016.1208146?needAccess=true", "any_repository_has_fulltext": true}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5029481092", "display_name": "Joana Azeredo", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5180-7133"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I99682543", "display_name": "University of Minho", "ror": "https://ror.org/037wpkx04", "country_code": "PT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}], "countries": ["PT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Joana Azeredo", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["CEB ? Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO, Laborat\u00f3rios de Biofilmes Ros\u00e1rio Oliveira, University of Minho Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal;"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "CEB ? Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO, Laborat\u00f3rios de Biofilmes Ros\u00e1rio Oliveira, University of Minho Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal;", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5035712663", "display_name": "Nuno F. Azevedo", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5864-3250"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I182534213", "display_name": "Universidade do Porto", "ror": "https://ror.org/043pwc612", "country_code": "PT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}], "countries": ["PT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Nuno F. Azevedo", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal;"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal;", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5005317301", "display_name": "Romain Briandet", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8123-3492"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I22248866", "display_name": "AgroParisTech", "ror": "https://ror.org/02kbmgc12", "country_code": "FR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I22248866", "https://openalex.org/I277688954"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I277688954", "display_name": "Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay", "ror": "https://ror.org/03xjwb503", "country_code": "FR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I277688954"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I3017594750", "display_name": "Microbiologie de l\u2019alimentation au service de la sant\u00e9", "ror": "https://ror.org/0471cyx86", "country_code": "FR", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I22248866", "https://openalex.org/I277688954", "https://openalex.org/I277688954", "https://openalex.org/I3017594750", "https://openalex.org/I4210088668", "https://openalex.org/I4210099460"]}], "countries": ["FR"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Romain Briandet", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France;"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France;", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I22248866", "https://openalex.org/I277688954", "https://openalex.org/I3017594750"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5055663292", "display_name": "Nuno Cerca", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3365-3537"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I99682543", "display_name": "University of Minho", "ror": "https://ror.org/037wpkx04", "country_code": "PT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}], "countries": ["PT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Nuno Cerca", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["CEB ? Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO, Laborat\u00f3rios de Biofilmes Ros\u00e1rio Oliveira, University of Minho Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal;"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "CEB ? Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO, Laborat\u00f3rios de Biofilmes Ros\u00e1rio Oliveira, University of Minho Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal;", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5087422125", "display_name": "Tom Coenye", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6407-0601"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I32597200", "display_name": "Ghent University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00cv9y106", "country_code": "BE", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}], "countries": ["BE"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Tom Coenye", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium;"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium;", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5052041452", "display_name": "Ana Rita Costa", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6749-6408"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I99682543", "display_name": "University of Minho", "ror": "https://ror.org/037wpkx04", "country_code": "PT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}], "countries": ["PT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ana Rita Costa", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["CEB ? Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO, Laborat\u00f3rios de Biofilmes Ros\u00e1rio Oliveira, University of Minho Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal;"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "CEB ? Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO, Laborat\u00f3rios de Biofilmes Ros\u00e1rio Oliveira, University of Minho Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal;", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5021342386", "display_name": "Micka\u00ebl Desvaux", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2986-6417"}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Micka\u00ebl Desvaux", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["INRA Centre Auvergne-Rh\u00f4ne-Alpes, UR454 Microbiologie, Saint-Gen\u00e8s Champanelle, France;"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "INRA Centre Auvergne-Rh\u00f4ne-Alpes, UR454 Microbiologie, Saint-Gen\u00e8s Champanelle, France;", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5042000173", "display_name": "Giovanni Di Bonaventura", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5850-2810"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I39387349", "display_name": "University of Chieti-Pescara", "ror": "https://ror.org/00qjgza05", "country_code": "IT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I39387349"]}], "countries": ["IT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Giovanni Di Bonaventura", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, and Center of Excellence on Aging and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy;", "Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences (Italy)"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, and Center of Excellence on Aging and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy;", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I39387349"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences (Italy)", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5091484156", "display_name": "Michel H\u00e9braud", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0478-2575"}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Michel H\u00e9braud", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["INRA Centre Auvergne-Rh\u00f4ne-Alpes, UR454 Microbiologie, Saint-Gen\u00e8s Champanelle, France;"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "INRA Centre Auvergne-Rh\u00f4ne-Alpes, UR454 Microbiologie, Saint-Gen\u00e8s Champanelle, France;", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5035343986", "display_name": "Zoran Jaglic", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210118976", "display_name": "Veterinary Research Institute", "ror": "https://ror.org/02zyjt610", "country_code": "CZ", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210118976"]}], "countries": ["CZ"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Zoran Jaglic", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Food and Feed Safety, Laboratory of Food Bacteriology, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic;"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Food and Feed Safety, Laboratory of Food Bacteriology, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic;", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210118976"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5018961421", "display_name": "Miroslava Ka\u010d\u00e1niov\u00e1", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4460-0222"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I128193699", "display_name": "Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra", "ror": "https://ror.org/03rfvyw43", "country_code": "SK", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I128193699"]}], "countries": ["SK"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Miroslava Ka\u010d\u00e1niov\u00e1", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia;"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia;", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I128193699"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5021169699", "display_name": "Susanne Kn\u00f8chel", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3777-7123"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I124055696", "display_name": "University of Copenhagen", "ror": "https://ror.org/035b05819", "country_code": "DK", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]}], "countries": ["DK"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Susanne Kn\u00f8chel", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Food Science (FOOD), University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark;", "UCPH FOOD - Department of Food Science [Copenhagen] (Rolighedsvej 26\r\nDK-1958 Frederiksberg - Denmark)"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Food Science (FOOD), University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark;", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "UCPH FOOD - Department of Food Science [Copenhagen] (Rolighedsvej 26\r\nDK-1958 Frederiksberg - Denmark)", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5033016354", "display_name": "An\u00e1lia Louren\u00e7o", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8401-5362"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I6289922", "display_name": "Universidade de Vigo", "ror": "https://ror.org/05rdf8595", "country_code": "ES", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I6289922"]}], "countries": ["ES"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "An\u00e1lia Louren\u00e7o", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Computer Science, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain;"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Computer Science, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain;", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I6289922"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5086798521", "display_name": "Filipe J. Mergulh\u00e3o", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5233-1037"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I182534213", "display_name": "Universidade do Porto", "ror": "https://ror.org/043pwc612", "country_code": "PT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}], "countries": ["PT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Filipe Mergulh\u00e3o", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal;"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal;", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5075156688", "display_name": "Rikke Louise Meyer", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6485-5134"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I204337017", "display_name": "Aarhus University", "ror": "https://ror.org/01aj84f44", "country_code": "DK", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}], "countries": ["DK"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Rikke Louise Meyer", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Aarhus University, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus, Denmark;"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Aarhus University, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus, Denmark;", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5051737930", "display_name": "George\u2010John E. Nychas", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2673-6425"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I109954829", "display_name": "Agricultural University of Athens", "ror": "https://ror.org/03xawq568", "country_code": "GR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}], "countries": ["GR"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "George Nychas", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Agricultural University of Athens, Lab of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Athens, Greece;"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Agricultural University of Athens, Lab of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Athens, Greece;", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5065775461", "display_name": "Manuel Sim\u00f5es", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3355-4398"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I182534213", "display_name": "Universidade do Porto", "ror": "https://ror.org/043pwc612", "country_code": "PT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}], "countries": ["PT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Manuel Sim\u00f5es", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal;"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal;", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5053305484", "display_name": "Odile Tresse", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9833-2510"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I234216984", "display_name": "Universit\u00e9 Nantes Angers Le Mans", "ror": "https://ror.org/0406t3m57", "country_code": "FR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I234216984"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210126125", "display_name": "SECurit\u00e9 des ALIments et Microbiologie", "ror": "https://ror.org/02nzb0q40", "country_code": "FR", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210088668", "https://openalex.org/I4210126125", "https://openalex.org/I4210157468"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210157468", "display_name": "Oniris", "ror": "https://ror.org/05q0ncs32", "country_code": "FR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210157468"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I97188460", "display_name": "Nantes Universit\u00e9", "ror": "https://ror.org/03gnr7b55", "country_code": "FR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I97188460"]}], "countries": ["FR"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Odile Tresse", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["LUNAM Universit\u00e9, Oniris, SECALIM UMR1024 INRA, Universit\u00e9 de Nantes, Nantes, France;"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "LUNAM Universit\u00e9, Oniris, SECALIM UMR1024 INRA, Universit\u00e9 de Nantes, Nantes, France;", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I234216984", "https://openalex.org/I4210126125", "https://openalex.org/I4210157468", "https://openalex.org/I97188460"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5046453940", "display_name": "Claus Sternberg", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2572-0288"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I96673099", "display_name": "Technical University of Denmark", "ror": "https://ror.org/04qtj9h94", "country_code": "DK", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}], "countries": ["DK"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Claus Sternberg", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 9, "institutions_distinct_count": 18, "corresponding_author_ids": [], "corresponding_institution_ids": [], "apc_list": null, "apc_paid": null, "fwci": 29.9296, "has_fulltext": true, "cited_by_count": 1033, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 0.9982316, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 99, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": "43", "issue": "3", "first_page": "313", "last_page": "351"}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10593", "display_name": "Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing", "score": 0.9997000098228455, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1312", "display_name": "Molecular Biology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/13", "display_name": "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/1", "display_name": "Life Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10593", "display_name": "Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing", "score": 0.9997000098228455, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1312", "display_name": "Molecular Biology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/13", "display_name": "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/1", "display_name": "Life Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11493", "display_name": "Water Treatment and Disinfection", "score": 0.972100019454956, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2307", "display_name": "Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23", "display_name": "Environmental Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11791", "display_name": "Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology", "score": 0.954200029373169, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2303", "display_name": "Ecology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23", "display_name": "Environmental Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/biofilm", "display_name": "Biofilm", "score": 0.9059184789657593}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/biochemical-engineering", "display_name": "Biochemical engineering", "score": 0.5482528805732727}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/biology", "display_name": "Biology", "score": 0.4150981903076172}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-ethics", "display_name": "Engineering ethics", "score": 0.3661797046661377}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/management-science", "display_name": "Management science", "score": 0.3557724952697754}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology", "display_name": "Ecology", "score": 0.340994656085968}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering", "display_name": "Engineering", "score": 0.19564032554626465}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/bacteria", "display_name": "Bacteria", "score": 0.07689952850341797}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C58123911", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467410", "display_name": "Biofilm", "level": 3, "score": 0.9059184789657593}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C183696295", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2487696", "display_name": "Biochemical engineering", "level": 1, "score": 0.5482528805732727}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420", "display_name": "Biology", "level": 0, "score": 0.4150981903076172}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C55587333", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029", "display_name": "Engineering ethics", "level": 1, "score": 0.3661797046661377}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C539667460", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942", "display_name": "Management science", "level": 1, "score": 0.3557724952697754}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150", "display_name": "Ecology", "level": 1, "score": 0.340994656085968}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023", "display_name": "Engineering", "level": 0, "score": 0.19564032554626465}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C523546767", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876", "display_name": "Bacteria", "level": 2, "score": 0.07689952850341797}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C54355233", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162", "display_name": "Genetics", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}], "mesh": [{"descriptor_ui": "D001422", "descriptor_name": "Bacterial Adhesion", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D001422", "descriptor_name": "Bacterial Adhesion", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D001422", "descriptor_name": "Bacterial Adhesion", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D004867", "descriptor_name": "Equipment Design", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D004867", "descriptor_name": "Equipment Design", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D004867", "descriptor_name": "Equipment Design", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D007091", "descriptor_name": "Image Processing, Computer-Assisted", "qualifier_ui": "Q000379", "qualifier_name": "methods", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D007091", "descriptor_name": "Image Processing, Computer-Assisted", "qualifier_ui": "Q000379", "qualifier_name": "methods", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D007091", "descriptor_name": "Image Processing, Computer-Assisted", "qualifier_ui": "Q000379", "qualifier_name": "methods", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D008828", "descriptor_name": "Microbiological Techniques", "qualifier_ui": "Q000295", "qualifier_name": "instrumentation", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D008828", "descriptor_name": "Microbiological Techniques", "qualifier_ui": "Q000295", "qualifier_name": "instrumentation", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D008828", "descriptor_name": "Microbiological Techniques", "qualifier_ui": "Q000295", "qualifier_name": "instrumentation", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D008828", "descriptor_name": "Microbiological Techniques", "qualifier_ui": "Q000379", "qualifier_name": "methods", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D008828", "descriptor_name": "Microbiological Techniques", "qualifier_ui": "Q000379", "qualifier_name": "methods", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D008828", "descriptor_name": "Microbiological Techniques", "qualifier_ui": "Q000379", "qualifier_name": "methods", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D008853", "descriptor_name": "Microscopy", "qualifier_ui": "Q000379", "qualifier_name": "methods", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D008853", "descriptor_name": "Microscopy", "qualifier_ui": "Q000379", "qualifier_name": "methods", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D008853", "descriptor_name": "Microscopy", "qualifier_ui": "Q000379", "qualifier_name": "methods", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D008967", "descriptor_name": "Molecular Biology", "qualifier_ui": "Q000379", "qualifier_name": "methods", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D008967", "descriptor_name": "Molecular Biology", "qualifier_ui": "Q000379", "qualifier_name": "methods", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D008967", "descriptor_name": "Molecular Biology", "qualifier_ui": "Q000379", "qualifier_name": "methods", "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D012984", "descriptor_name": "Software", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D012984", "descriptor_name": "Software", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D012984", "descriptor_name": "Software", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D016208", "descriptor_name": "Databases, Factual", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D016208", "descriptor_name": "Databases, Factual", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D016208", "descriptor_name": "Databases, Factual", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D017404", "descriptor_name": "In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D017404", "descriptor_name": "In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D017404", "descriptor_name": "In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D018441", "descriptor_name": "Biofilms", "qualifier_ui": "Q000254", "qualifier_name": "growth & development", "is_major_topic": true}, {"descriptor_ui": "D018441", "descriptor_name": "Biofilms", "qualifier_ui": "Q000254", "qualifier_name": "growth & development", "is_major_topic": true}, {"descriptor_ui": "D018441", "descriptor_name": "Biofilms", "qualifier_ui": "Q000254", "qualifier_name": "growth & development", "is_major_topic": true}, {"descriptor_ui": "D056656", "descriptor_name": "Lab-On-A-Chip Devices", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D056656", "descriptor_name": "Lab-On-A-Chip Devices", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D056656", "descriptor_name": "Lab-On-A-Chip Devices", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}], "locations_count": 12, "locations": [{"id": "doi:10.1080/1040841x.2016.1208146", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841x.2016.1208146", "pdf_url": "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/1040841X.2016.1208146?needAccess=true", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S6081579", "display_name": "Critical Reviews in Microbiology", "issn_l": "1040-841X", "issn": ["1040-841X", "1549-7828"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320547", "host_organization_name": "Taylor & Francis", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320547", "https://openalex.org/P4310320449"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Taylor & Francis", "Informa"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Critical Reviews in Microbiology", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, {"id": "pmid:27868469", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27868469", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036", "display_name": "PubMed", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1299303238", "host_organization_name": "National Institutes of Health", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Critical reviews in microbiology", "raw_type": "Journal Article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/17700b93-2a6f-487f-8f61-5b37185785c9", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/17700b93-2a6f-487f-8f61-5b37185785c9", "pdf_url": null, "source": null, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Azeredo, J, Azevedo, N F, Briandet, R, Cerca, N, Coenye, T, Costa, A R, Desvaux, M, Di Bonaventura, G, H\u00e9braud, M, Jaglic, Z, Ka\u010d\u00e1niov\u00e1, M, Kn\u00f8chel, S, Louren\u00e7o, A, Mergulh\u00e3o, F, Meyer, R L, Nychas, G, Sim\u00f5es, M, Tresse, O & Sternberg, C 2017, 'Critical review on biofilm methods', Critical Reviews in Microbiology, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 313-351. https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841X.2016.1208146", "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:archive.ugent.be:8520638", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8520638", "pdf_url": "https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8520638/file/8520639.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400478", "display_name": "Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I32597200", "host_organization_name": "Ghent University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I32597200"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "ISSN: 1549-7828", "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:HAL:hal-01548680v1", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://hal.science/hal-01548680", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402512", "display_name": "HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1294671590", "host_organization_name": "Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "Critical Reviews in Microbiology, 2017, 43 (3), pp.313-351. ⟨10.1080/1040841X.2016.1208146⟩", "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03031262v1", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03031262", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402512", "display_name": "HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1294671590", "host_organization_name": "Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "ISSN: 1040-841X", "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03194433v1", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03194433", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402512", "display_name": "HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1294671590", "host_organization_name": "Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "ISSN: 1040-841X", "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/35fca351-752a-481a-8859-4f1ccda58bfb", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://curis.ku.dk/portal/da/publications/critical-review-on-biofilm-methods(35fca351-752a-481a-8859-4f1ccda58bfb).html", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401983", "display_name": "Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I124055696", "host_organization_name": "University of Copenhagen", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I124055696"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "Azeredo , J , Azevedo , N F , Briandet , R , Cerca , N , Coenye , T , Costa , A R , Desvaux , M , Di Bonaventura , G , H\u00e9braud , M , Jaglic , Z , Ka\u010d\u00e1niov\u00e1 , M , Kn\u00f8chel , S , Louren\u00e7o , A , Mergulh\u00e3o , F , Meyer , R L , Nychas , G , Sim\u00f5es , M , Tresse , O & Sternberg , C 2017 , ' Critical review on biofilm methods ' , Critical Reviews in Microbiology , vol. 43 , no. 3 , pp. 313-351 . https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841X.2016.1208146", "raw_type": "article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/76e6cdb3-2c33-4e1a-9f4a-f4376f662101", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/76e6cdb3-2c33-4e1a-9f4a-f4376f662101", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400705", "display_name": "Technical University of Denmark, DTU Orbit (Technical University of Denmark, DTU)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I96673099", "host_organization_name": "Technical University of Denmark", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I96673099"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "Azeredo , J , F. Azevedo , N , Briandet , R , Cerca , N , Coenye , T , Rita Costa , A , Desvaux , M , Di Bonaventura , G , H\u00e9braud , M , Jaglic , Z , Ka\u010d\u00e1niov\u00e1 , M , Kn\u00f8chel , S , Louren\u00e7o , A , Mergulh\u00e3o , F , Meyer , R L , Nychas , G , Sim\u00f5es , M & Sternberg , C 2017 , ' Critical review on biofilm methods ' , Critical Reviews in Microbiology , vol. 43 , no. 3 , pp. 313-351 . https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841X.2016.1208146", "raw_type": "article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:repositorio-aberto.up.pt:10216/104021", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://hdl.handle.net/10216/104021", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402433", "display_name": "Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "", "raw_type": "journal article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt:1822/45004", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://hdl.handle.net/1822/45004", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402433", "display_name": "Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "other-oa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "", "raw_type": "journal article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:repositorium.uminho.pt:1822/45004", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://hdl.handle.net/1822/45004", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402433", "display_name": "Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "other-oa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "journal article"}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "doi:10.1080/1040841x.2016.1208146", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841x.2016.1208146", "pdf_url": "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/1040841X.2016.1208146?needAccess=true", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S6081579", "display_name": "Critical Reviews in Microbiology", "issn_l": "1040-841X", "issn": ["1040-841X", "1549-7828"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320547", "host_organization_name": "Taylor & Francis", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320547", "https://openalex.org/P4310320449"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Taylor & Francis", "Informa"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Critical Reviews in Microbiology", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [{"score": 0.4099999964237213, "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15", "display_name": "Life in Land"}], "awards": [], "funders": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320337512", "display_name": "Nuclear Physics", "ror": "https://ror.org/02atag894"}], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": false, "pdf": true}, "content_urls": {"pdf": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2553095014.pdf"}, "referenced_works_count": 347, "referenced_works": ["https://openalex.org/W84096051", "https://openalex.org/W88447194", "https://openalex.org/W130601995", "https://openalex.org/W168923732", "https://openalex.org/W187076603", "https://openalex.org/W572316287", "https://openalex.org/W605032385", "https://openalex.org/W1483417502", "https://openalex.org/W1493719871", "https://openalex.org/W1495468064", "https://openalex.org/W1500877503", "https://openalex.org/W1509305848", "https://openalex.org/W1510217695", "https://openalex.org/W1530551343", "https://openalex.org/W1536637857", "https://openalex.org/W1542606742", "https://openalex.org/W1545941937", "https://openalex.org/W1562624326", "https://openalex.org/W1572968422", "https://openalex.org/W1576701953", "https://openalex.org/W1584400783", "https://openalex.org/W1587279081", "https://openalex.org/W1597157419", "https://openalex.org/W1600919011", "https://openalex.org/W1764213630", "https://openalex.org/W1847069914", "https://openalex.org/W1848498826", "https://openalex.org/W1871763843", "https://openalex.org/W1876214410", "https://openalex.org/W1899820272", "https://openalex.org/W1914592961", "https://openalex.org/W1929451968", "https://openalex.org/W1963507882", "https://openalex.org/W1963539735", "https://openalex.org/W1965460969", "https://openalex.org/W1967933195", "https://openalex.org/W1967947472", "https://openalex.org/W1968003365", "https://openalex.org/W1968953839", "https://openalex.org/W1969169109", "https://openalex.org/W1969391774", "https://openalex.org/W1970004609", "https://openalex.org/W1970793027", "https://openalex.org/W1971420973", "https://openalex.org/W1972878145", "https://openalex.org/W1972901647", "https://openalex.org/W1973268693", "https://openalex.org/W1974427934", "https://openalex.org/W1975049703", "https://openalex.org/W1975116267", "https://openalex.org/W1975762790", "https://openalex.org/W1976320993", "https://openalex.org/W1976620611", "https://openalex.org/W1977754170", "https://openalex.org/W1978460053", "https://openalex.org/W1978599426", "https://openalex.org/W1978697222", "https://openalex.org/W1979722229", "https://openalex.org/W1980473756", "https://openalex.org/W1981515959", "https://openalex.org/W1982259872", "https://openalex.org/W1982573564", "https://openalex.org/W1982759742", "https://openalex.org/W1984346165", "https://openalex.org/W1984770343", "https://openalex.org/W1985272469", "https://openalex.org/W1985933659", "https://openalex.org/W1985979029", "https://openalex.org/W1986149131", "https://openalex.org/W1986543940", "https://openalex.org/W1987069805", "https://openalex.org/W1987447861", "https://openalex.org/W1987953855", "https://openalex.org/W1987981832", "https://openalex.org/W1988883347", "https://openalex.org/W1990051054", "https://openalex.org/W1990787008", "https://openalex.org/W1991267419", "https://openalex.org/W1992554293", "https://openalex.org/W1994156582", "https://openalex.org/W1996064131", "https://openalex.org/W1996164945", "https://openalex.org/W1996634925", "https://openalex.org/W1997300876", "https://openalex.org/W1997692103", "https://openalex.org/W1998843768", "https://openalex.org/W1998954805", "https://openalex.org/W1999312335", "https://openalex.org/W2000640603", "https://openalex.org/W2001420585", "https://openalex.org/W2002228339", "https://openalex.org/W2004250699", "https://openalex.org/W2004310528", "https://openalex.org/W2004338296", "https://openalex.org/W2005021508", "https://openalex.org/W2006382916", "https://openalex.org/W2007330790", "https://openalex.org/W2007429681", "https://openalex.org/W2008349272", "https://openalex.org/W2008734023", "https://openalex.org/W2009289321", "https://openalex.org/W2010014701", "https://openalex.org/W2010764105", "https://openalex.org/W2010902158", "https://openalex.org/W2012064808", "https://openalex.org/W2012234634", "https://openalex.org/W2012890070", "https://openalex.org/W2013796009", "https://openalex.org/W2014360204", "https://openalex.org/W2014396954", "https://openalex.org/W2016158447", "https://openalex.org/W2017130803", "https://openalex.org/W2019818589", "https://openalex.org/W2019921599", "https://openalex.org/W2020086819", "https://openalex.org/W2022288015", "https://openalex.org/W2022456148", "https://openalex.org/W2023418288", "https://openalex.org/W2023754761", "https://openalex.org/W2024342748", "https://openalex.org/W2025591980", "https://openalex.org/W2025957152", "https://openalex.org/W2026475350", "https://openalex.org/W2027144904", "https://openalex.org/W2027825520", "https://openalex.org/W2028122835", "https://openalex.org/W2028571352", "https://openalex.org/W2029568107", "https://openalex.org/W2030827705", "https://openalex.org/W2030839815", "https://openalex.org/W2031502025", "https://openalex.org/W2032162628", "https://openalex.org/W2032674459", "https://openalex.org/W2033330924", "https://openalex.org/W2033798071", "https://openalex.org/W2035038088", "https://openalex.org/W2035438317", "https://openalex.org/W2035592852", "https://openalex.org/W2035820635", "https://openalex.org/W2036058330", "https://openalex.org/W2037125305", "https://openalex.org/W2037524679", "https://openalex.org/W2038829289", "https://openalex.org/W2041491587", "https://openalex.org/W2042204920", "https://openalex.org/W2042228370", "https://openalex.org/W2042820491", "https://openalex.org/W2043545998", "https://openalex.org/W2044377661", "https://openalex.org/W2044401265", "https://openalex.org/W2044550254", "https://openalex.org/W2044765734", "https://openalex.org/W2045402795", "https://openalex.org/W2045636583", "https://openalex.org/W2045678942", "https://openalex.org/W2047550105", "https://openalex.org/W2049094395", "https://openalex.org/W2049415064", "https://openalex.org/W2049539889", "https://openalex.org/W2050809614", "https://openalex.org/W2051249867", "https://openalex.org/W2052471206", "https://openalex.org/W2053679200", "https://openalex.org/W2053830048", "https://openalex.org/W2053992643", "https://openalex.org/W2053995970", "https://openalex.org/W2054414165", "https://openalex.org/W2055753580", "https://openalex.org/W2056778448", "https://openalex.org/W2057232645", "https://openalex.org/W2057326780", "https://openalex.org/W2057933882", "https://openalex.org/W2058086433", "https://openalex.org/W2058317824", "https://openalex.org/W2058479248", "https://openalex.org/W2058817648", "https://openalex.org/W2059933240", "https://openalex.org/W2060272210", "https://openalex.org/W2061364552", "https://openalex.org/W2062374558", "https://openalex.org/W2063263015", "https://openalex.org/W2063453644", "https://openalex.org/W2064291812", "https://openalex.org/W2065803789", "https://openalex.org/W2066767199", "https://openalex.org/W2068680490", "https://openalex.org/W2068826765", "https://openalex.org/W2069899515", "https://openalex.org/W2070300719", "https://openalex.org/W2070399793", "https://openalex.org/W2070425328", "https://openalex.org/W2071925649", "https://openalex.org/W2073654898", "https://openalex.org/W2074753139", "https://openalex.org/W2078782272", "https://openalex.org/W2079130094", "https://openalex.org/W2080055437", "https://openalex.org/W2082180467", "https://openalex.org/W2082262028", "https://openalex.org/W2082891742", "https://openalex.org/W2085158216", "https://openalex.org/W2087013744", "https://openalex.org/W2090458447", "https://openalex.org/W2091118766", "https://openalex.org/W2091328886", "https://openalex.org/W2092917437", "https://openalex.org/W2094101797", "https://openalex.org/W2094588436", "https://openalex.org/W2096447609", "https://openalex.org/W2096678231", "https://openalex.org/W2097109777", "https://openalex.org/W2097445101", "https://openalex.org/W2097872664", "https://openalex.org/W2098584636", "https://openalex.org/W2098720265", "https://openalex.org/W2099540110", "https://openalex.org/W2101024301", "https://openalex.org/W2102740550", "https://openalex.org/W2103278057", "https://openalex.org/W2104738544", "https://openalex.org/W2105980292", "https://openalex.org/W2106059993", "https://openalex.org/W2106351298", "https://openalex.org/W2106659583", "https://openalex.org/W2107828561", "https://openalex.org/W2110017940", "https://openalex.org/W2110473499", "https://openalex.org/W2110904133", "https://openalex.org/W2111206509", "https://openalex.org/W2113239826", "https://openalex.org/W2114399238", "https://openalex.org/W2115135671", "https://openalex.org/W2115377824", "https://openalex.org/W2115385265", "https://openalex.org/W2116369738", "https://openalex.org/W2117409017", "https://openalex.org/W2118289168", "https://openalex.org/W2120939707", "https://openalex.org/W2122377306", "https://openalex.org/W2124510653", "https://openalex.org/W2125702962", "https://openalex.org/W2126572275", "https://openalex.org/W2126862456", "https://openalex.org/W2127159199", "https://openalex.org/W2127901734", "https://openalex.org/W2128057907", "https://openalex.org/W2128087310", "https://openalex.org/W2128096260", "https://openalex.org/W2128329504", "https://openalex.org/W2128835519", "https://openalex.org/W2129272355", "https://openalex.org/W2129813382", "https://openalex.org/W2131534333", "https://openalex.org/W2132571447", "https://openalex.org/W2132927585", "https://openalex.org/W2132959256", "https://openalex.org/W2133900508", "https://openalex.org/W2133917161", "https://openalex.org/W2134039538", "https://openalex.org/W2134352129", "https://openalex.org/W2134515577", "https://openalex.org/W2135536120", "https://openalex.org/W2135905302", "https://openalex.org/W2136021600", "https://openalex.org/W2137392884", "https://openalex.org/W2137592022", "https://openalex.org/W2138704979", "https://openalex.org/W2139273728", "https://openalex.org/W2140273525", "https://openalex.org/W2140578823", "https://openalex.org/W2141359995", "https://openalex.org/W2141809436", "https://openalex.org/W2143727927", "https://openalex.org/W2143976280", "https://openalex.org/W2144310204", "https://openalex.org/W2144373650", "https://openalex.org/W2144440398", "https://openalex.org/W2146979979", "https://openalex.org/W2148438058", "https://openalex.org/W2148891918", "https://openalex.org/W2149292906", "https://openalex.org/W2149600029", "https://openalex.org/W2149632689", "https://openalex.org/W2150927592", "https://openalex.org/W2151606133", "https://openalex.org/W2152156197", "https://openalex.org/W2152195370", "https://openalex.org/W2152205807", "https://openalex.org/W2152408217", "https://openalex.org/W2152470968", "https://openalex.org/W2152837019", "https://openalex.org/W2154122150", "https://openalex.org/W2154385453", "https://openalex.org/W2154501751", "https://openalex.org/W2156099288", "https://openalex.org/W2156235588", "https://openalex.org/W2156521321", "https://openalex.org/W2156576324", "https://openalex.org/W2156638731", "https://openalex.org/W2156833102", "https://openalex.org/W2157236485", "https://openalex.org/W2157852868", "https://openalex.org/W2158291071", "https://openalex.org/W2159811649", "https://openalex.org/W2160016500", "https://openalex.org/W2162335168", "https://openalex.org/W2163986285", "https://openalex.org/W2164254875", "https://openalex.org/W2164477762", "https://openalex.org/W2166922770", "https://openalex.org/W2167115848", "https://openalex.org/W2167801418", "https://openalex.org/W2168940115", "https://openalex.org/W2169452559", "https://openalex.org/W2169575779", "https://openalex.org/W2169717008", "https://openalex.org/W2169808625", "https://openalex.org/W2170113031", "https://openalex.org/W2171139272", "https://openalex.org/W2171393290", "https://openalex.org/W2171604515", "https://openalex.org/W2171810291", "https://openalex.org/W2186130713", "https://openalex.org/W2188666389", "https://openalex.org/W2196187582", "https://openalex.org/W2237949939", "https://openalex.org/W2245159070", "https://openalex.org/W2263230057", "https://openalex.org/W2274114867", "https://openalex.org/W2311117854", "https://openalex.org/W2313939558", "https://openalex.org/W2319627460", "https://openalex.org/W2320455208", "https://openalex.org/W2326443965", "https://openalex.org/W2335552895", "https://openalex.org/W2336884475", "https://openalex.org/W2405862793", "https://openalex.org/W2412441530", "https://openalex.org/W2414997272", "https://openalex.org/W2418595997", "https://openalex.org/W2466456524", "https://openalex.org/W2479628903", "https://openalex.org/W2496644679", "https://openalex.org/W2614192652", "https://openalex.org/W2888084850", "https://openalex.org/W2888844968", "https://openalex.org/W4235983822"], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W2756188369", "https://openalex.org/W2947973176", "https://openalex.org/W4246525962", "https://openalex.org/W2948279684", "https://openalex.org/W4220932551", "https://openalex.org/W2332685989", "https://openalex.org/W2130763979", "https://openalex.org/W4318443328", "https://openalex.org/W1994707247", "https://openalex.org/W1976771829"], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Biofilms": [0], "are": [1, 95], "widespread": [2], "in": [3, 15, 32, 142], "nature": [4], "and": [5, 45, 77, 83, 93, 113, 130, 147], "constitute": [6], "an": [7], "important": [8, 50], "strategy": [9], "implemented": [10], "by": [11, 122], "microorganisms": [12], "to": [13, 70, 86, 111, 119, 150], "survive": [14], "sometimes": [16], "harsh": [17], "environmental": [18], "conditions.": [19], "They": [20], "can": [21], "be": [22], "beneficial": [23], "or": [24, 35, 62], "have": [25, 57, 68], "a": [26, 101, 124], "negative": [27], "impact": [28], "particularly": [29], "when": [30], "formed": [31], "industrial": [33], "settings": [34], "on": [36, 73], "medical": [37], "devices.": [38], "As": [39], "such,": [40], "research": [41], "into": [42], "the": [43, 106, 128, 144], "formation": [44], "elimination": [46], "of": [47, 103, 108, 132], "biofilms": [48], "is": [49, 100], "for": [51], "many": [52], "disciplines.": [53], "Several": [54], "new": [55], "methodologies": [56], "been": [58], "recently": [59], "developed": [60], "for,": [61], "adapted": [63], "to,": [64], "biofilm": [65, 74, 88], "studies": [66], "that": [67], "contributed": [69], "deeper": [71], "knowledge": [72], "physiology,": [75], "structure": [76], "composition.": [78], "In": [79], "this": [80, 136], "review,": [81], "traditional": [82], "cutting-edge": [84], "methods": [85, 149], "study": [87, 114, 151], "biomass,": [89], "viability,": [90], "structure,": [91], "composition": [92], "physiology": [94], "addressed.": [96], "Moreover,": [97], "as": [98], "there": [99], "lack": [102], "consensus": [104], "among": [105], "diversity": [107], "techniques": [109], "used": [110], "grow": [112], "biofilms.": [115, 153], "This": [116], "review": [117, 137], "intends": [118], "remedy": [120], "this,": [121], "giving": [123], "critical": [125], "perspective,": [126], "highlighting": [127], "advantages": [129], "limitations": [131], "several": [133], "methods.": [134], "Accordingly,": [135], "aims": [138], "at": [139], "helping": [140], "scientists": [141], "finding": [143], "most": [145], "appropriate": [146], "up-to-date": [148], "their": [152]}, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 78}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 103}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 98}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 132}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 147}, {"year": 2021, "cited_by_count": 157}, {"year": 2020, "cited_by_count": 123}, {"year": 2019, "cited_by_count": 109}, {"year": 2018, "cited_by_count": 66}, {"year": 2017, "cited_by_count": 18}], "updated_date": "2026-09-15T07:32:03.291174", "created_date": "2025-10-10T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W2095436958", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2014.09.031", "title": "A review of verbal and non-verbal human\u2013robot interactive communication", "display_name": "A review of verbal and non-verbal human\u2013robot interactive communication", "relevance_score": 348.49036, "publication_year": 2014, "publication_date": "2014-10-25", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W2095436958", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2014.09.031", "mag": "2095436958"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1016/j.robot.2014.09.031", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2014.09.031", "pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921889014002164/pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S133768115", "display_name": "Robotics and Autonomous Systems", "issn_l": "0921-8890", "issn": ["0921-8890", "1872-793X"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Robotics and Autonomous Systems", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "type": "article", "indexed_in": ["crossref"], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "hybrid", "oa_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921889014002164/pdf", "any_repository_has_fulltext": false}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5000536361", "display_name": "Nikolaos Mavridis", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I203474044", "display_name": "National Centre of Scientific Research \"Demokritos\"", "ror": "https://ror.org/038jp4m40", "country_code": "GR", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I203474044"]}], "countries": ["GR"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Nikolaos Mavridis", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Interactive Robots and Media Lab, NCSR Demokritos, GR-15310, Agia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece", "Interactive Robots and Media Lab, NCSR Demokritos, GR-15310, Agia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece#TAB#"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Interactive Robots and Media Lab, NCSR Demokritos, GR-15310, Agia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I203474044"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Interactive Robots and Media Lab, NCSR Demokritos, GR-15310, Agia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece#TAB#", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I203474044"]}]}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 1, "institutions_distinct_count": 1, "corresponding_author_ids": ["https://openalex.org/A5000536361"], "corresponding_institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I203474044"], "apc_list": {"value": 3140, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 3140}, "apc_paid": {"value": 3140, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 3140}, "fwci": 21.9733, "has_fulltext": true, "cited_by_count": 455, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 0.9965965, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 94, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": "63", "issue": null, "first_page": "22", "last_page": "35"}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10709", "display_name": "Social Robot Interaction and HRI", "score": 0.9998000264167786, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3207", "display_name": "Social Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10709", "display_name": "Social Robot Interaction and HRI", "score": 0.9998000264167786, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3207", "display_name": "Social Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13382", "display_name": "Robotics and Automated Systems", "score": 0.9991000294685364, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2207", "display_name": "Control and Systems Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.9984999895095825, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science", "display_name": "Computer science", "score": 0.7852011919021606}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/robot", "display_name": "Robot", "score": 0.7424945831298828}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/nonverbal-communication", "display_name": "Nonverbal communication", "score": 0.6866239309310913}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction", "display_name": "Human\u2013computer interaction", "score": 0.5184059143066406}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013robot-interaction", "display_name": "Human\u2013robot interaction", "score": 0.4308050572872162}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/human-communication", "display_name": "Human communication", "score": 0.4101433753967285}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "score": 0.39715224504470825}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science", "display_name": "Cognitive science", "score": 0.36259883642196655}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology", "display_name": "Psychology", "score": 0.17437002062797546}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/communication", "display_name": "Communication", "score": 0.15346106886863708}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198", "display_name": "Computer science", "level": 0, "score": 0.7852011919021606}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C90509273", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012", "display_name": "Robot", "level": 2, "score": 0.7424945831298828}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C145633318", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207125", "display_name": "Nonverbal communication", "level": 2, "score": 0.6866239309310913}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C107457646", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434", "display_name": "Human\u2013computer interaction", "level": 1, "score": 0.5184059143066406}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C145460709", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q859951", "display_name": "Human\u2013robot interaction", "level": 3, "score": 0.4308050572872162}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C30539005", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1066689", "display_name": "Human communication", "level": 2, "score": 0.4101433753967285}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "level": 1, "score": 0.39715224504470825}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C188147891", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638", "display_name": "Cognitive science", "level": 1, "score": 0.36259883642196655}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418", "display_name": "Psychology", "level": 0, "score": 0.17437002062797546}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C46312422", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024", "display_name": "Communication", "level": 1, "score": 0.15346106886863708}], "mesh": [], "locations_count": 1, "locations": [{"id": "doi:10.1016/j.robot.2014.09.031", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2014.09.031", "pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921889014002164/pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S133768115", "display_name": "Robotics and Autonomous Systems", "issn_l": "0921-8890", "issn": ["0921-8890", "1872-793X"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Robotics and Autonomous Systems", "raw_type": "journal-article"}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "doi:10.1016/j.robot.2014.09.031", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2014.09.031", "pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921889014002164/pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S133768115", "display_name": "Robotics and Autonomous Systems", "issn_l": "0921-8890", "issn": ["0921-8890", "1872-793X"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Robotics and Autonomous Systems", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [], "awards": [], "funders": [], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": true, "pdf": true}, "content_urls": {"pdf": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2095436958.pdf", "grobid_xml": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2095436958.grobid-xml"}, "referenced_works_count": 353, "referenced_works": ["https://openalex.org/W4681786", "https://openalex.org/W11497584", "https://openalex.org/W22886062", "https://openalex.org/W46218679", "https://openalex.org/W70999531", "https://openalex.org/W100428360", "https://openalex.org/W108570142", "https://openalex.org/W122351765", "https://openalex.org/W125126573", "https://openalex.org/W129941490", "https://openalex.org/W137702174", "https://openalex.org/W156649657", "https://openalex.org/W176245312", "https://openalex.org/W178754640", "https://openalex.org/W178801863", "https://openalex.org/W187124194", "https://openalex.org/W188676301", "https://openalex.org/W195764628", "https://openalex.org/W593246412", "https://openalex.org/W1425354965", "https://openalex.org/W1485949349", "https://openalex.org/W1486283316", "https://openalex.org/W1490382748", "https://openalex.org/W1499019550", "https://openalex.org/W1500095203", "https://openalex.org/W1500136340", "https://openalex.org/W1508166422", "https://openalex.org/W1509934228", "https://openalex.org/W1513000923", "https://openalex.org/W1519522181", "https://openalex.org/W1530634324", "https://openalex.org/W1534972029", "https://openalex.org/W1542486106", "https://openalex.org/W1547446301", "https://openalex.org/W1548599414", "https://openalex.org/W1549671171", "https://openalex.org/W1555323793", "https://openalex.org/W1561639296", "https://openalex.org/W1561893471", "https://openalex.org/W1568062731", "https://openalex.org/W1576632330", "https://openalex.org/W1578573104", "https://openalex.org/W1579838312", "https://openalex.org/W1581432599", "https://openalex.org/W1584361316", "https://openalex.org/W1588806355", "https://openalex.org/W1666382007", "https://openalex.org/W1688666919", "https://openalex.org/W1771552368", "https://openalex.org/W1866195740", "https://openalex.org/W1949907236", "https://openalex.org/W1957343819", "https://openalex.org/W1965662797", "https://openalex.org/W1975374640", "https://openalex.org/W1977801696", "https://openalex.org/W1977887287", "https://openalex.org/W1978847468", "https://openalex.org/W1983778686", "https://openalex.org/W1986014385", "https://openalex.org/W1986781756", "https://openalex.org/W1988169641", "https://openalex.org/W1989104072", "https://openalex.org/W1990748829", "https://openalex.org/W1993418972", "https://openalex.org/W1999105610", "https://openalex.org/W2005563599", "https://openalex.org/W2005814556", "https://openalex.org/W2007223396", "https://openalex.org/W2007778212", "https://openalex.org/W2008592099", "https://openalex.org/W2009989063", "https://openalex.org/W2010505786", "https://openalex.org/W2011652428", "https://openalex.org/W2012178942", "https://openalex.org/W2015394094", "https://openalex.org/W2016565202", "https://openalex.org/W2017621557", "https://openalex.org/W2018139470", "https://openalex.org/W2018543616", "https://openalex.org/W2019155820", "https://openalex.org/W2020931258", "https://openalex.org/W2021291367", "https://openalex.org/W2024405391", "https://openalex.org/W2024649868", "https://openalex.org/W2026257980", "https://openalex.org/W2027106130", "https://openalex.org/W2027123861", "https://openalex.org/W2031681959", "https://openalex.org/W2032152873", "https://openalex.org/W2033463989", "https://openalex.org/W2033873846", "https://openalex.org/W2033999619", "https://openalex.org/W2035161948", "https://openalex.org/W2036448443", "https://openalex.org/W2040329771", "https://openalex.org/W2041823554", "https://openalex.org/W2042452952", "https://openalex.org/W2042727019", "https://openalex.org/W2042803082", "https://openalex.org/W2043711811", "https://openalex.org/W2045001730", "https://openalex.org/W2046970591", "https://openalex.org/W2049166294", "https://openalex.org/W2050688170", "https://openalex.org/W2050967582", "https://openalex.org/W2054685590", "https://openalex.org/W2056381240", "https://openalex.org/W2058335868", "https://openalex.org/W2060495145", "https://openalex.org/W2061309618", "https://openalex.org/W2065012722", "https://openalex.org/W2065454114", "https://openalex.org/W2065718372", "https://openalex.org/W2066452495", "https://openalex.org/W2068692658", "https://openalex.org/W2069432516", "https://openalex.org/W2071521210", "https://openalex.org/W2080942732", "https://openalex.org/W2084046180", "https://openalex.org/W2086133260", "https://openalex.org/W2087586617", "https://openalex.org/W2090785766", "https://openalex.org/W2091214844", "https://openalex.org/W2093010905", "https://openalex.org/W2096062144", "https://openalex.org/W2096284813", "https://openalex.org/W2097726431", "https://openalex.org/W2098217544", "https://openalex.org/W2099217059", "https://openalex.org/W2099442061", "https://openalex.org/W2099845348", "https://openalex.org/W2099886412", "https://openalex.org/W2100730338", "https://openalex.org/W2103956624", "https://openalex.org/W2104422351", "https://openalex.org/W2104678592", "https://openalex.org/W2104692902", "https://openalex.org/W2105198535", "https://openalex.org/W2106324066", "https://openalex.org/W2106493813", "https://openalex.org/W2107002552", "https://openalex.org/W2107019937", "https://openalex.org/W2107537133", "https://openalex.org/W2109009094", "https://openalex.org/W2109878893", "https://openalex.org/W2111754733", "https://openalex.org/W2117115175", "https://openalex.org/W2118163921", "https://openalex.org/W2122410182", "https://openalex.org/W2122796820", "https://openalex.org/W2123564449", "https://openalex.org/W2124848740", "https://openalex.org/W2125142135", "https://openalex.org/W2125803770", "https://openalex.org/W2127462305", "https://openalex.org/W2128546114", "https://openalex.org/W2129264276", "https://openalex.org/W2130621102", "https://openalex.org/W2132049110", "https://openalex.org/W2133520183", "https://openalex.org/W2133552271", "https://openalex.org/W2134366355", "https://openalex.org/W2134707735", "https://openalex.org/W2134820853", "https://openalex.org/W2136175037", "https://openalex.org/W2136556525", "https://openalex.org/W2137639365", "https://openalex.org/W2139129402", "https://openalex.org/W2140838371", "https://openalex.org/W2141538250", "https://openalex.org/W2141652470", "https://openalex.org/W2141664020", "https://openalex.org/W2142069714", "https://openalex.org/W2143427281", "https://openalex.org/W2144155486", "https://openalex.org/W2145310492", "https://openalex.org/W2146111747", "https://openalex.org/W2146221819", "https://openalex.org/W2148044650", "https://openalex.org/W2149063927", "https://openalex.org/W2149234824", "https://openalex.org/W2151109745", "https://openalex.org/W2153104468", "https://openalex.org/W2153190547", "https://openalex.org/W2153348040", "https://openalex.org/W2154123859", "https://openalex.org/W2156030192", "https://openalex.org/W2156050092", "https://openalex.org/W2156078787", "https://openalex.org/W2156193808", "https://openalex.org/W2157090871", "https://openalex.org/W2157190406", "https://openalex.org/W2159190230", "https://openalex.org/W2159652967", "https://openalex.org/W2160412058", "https://openalex.org/W2160897043", "https://openalex.org/W2161345458", "https://openalex.org/W2161460193", "https://openalex.org/W2161466446", "https://openalex.org/W2162662838", "https://openalex.org/W2165683312", "https://openalex.org/W2165880886", "https://openalex.org/W2166126448", "https://openalex.org/W2166567031", "https://openalex.org/W2167516569", "https://openalex.org/W2167605410", "https://openalex.org/W2168359464", "https://openalex.org/W2169452306", "https://openalex.org/W2170323078", "https://openalex.org/W2171410717", "https://openalex.org/W2171927392", "https://openalex.org/W2182004781", "https://openalex.org/W2235920218", "https://openalex.org/W2236233024", "https://openalex.org/W2250051515", "https://openalex.org/W2251589446", "https://openalex.org/W2264426170", "https://openalex.org/W2264742718", "https://openalex.org/W2269086507", "https://openalex.org/W2286133573", "https://openalex.org/W2315395474", "https://openalex.org/W2396965577", "https://openalex.org/W2482025096", "https://openalex.org/W2485678069", "https://openalex.org/W2487019930", "https://openalex.org/W2517480918", "https://openalex.org/W2528951757", "https://openalex.org/W2542636623", "https://openalex.org/W2557842152", "https://openalex.org/W2786245907", "https://openalex.org/W2798257756", "https://openalex.org/W2912333021", "https://openalex.org/W2912557233", "https://openalex.org/W2913710216", "https://openalex.org/W2913941020", "https://openalex.org/W2915585400", "https://openalex.org/W2977306013", "https://openalex.org/W3005002645", "https://openalex.org/W3038088762", "https://openalex.org/W3110909889", "https://openalex.org/W3141681759", "https://openalex.org/W3143073753", "https://openalex.org/W3145833981", "https://openalex.org/W3147567656", "https://openalex.org/W3149321043", "https://openalex.org/W3150248956", "https://openalex.org/W3150265159", "https://openalex.org/W4205184193", "https://openalex.org/W4211238961", "https://openalex.org/W4212858625", "https://openalex.org/W4212995409", "https://openalex.org/W4233250484", "https://openalex.org/W4233964394", "https://openalex.org/W4234707920", "https://openalex.org/W4235539147", "https://openalex.org/W4235773083", "https://openalex.org/W4236236081", "https://openalex.org/W4236521339", "https://openalex.org/W4236639299", "https://openalex.org/W4237784457", "https://openalex.org/W4239572495", "https://openalex.org/W4243045766", "https://openalex.org/W4245503200", "https://openalex.org/W4247191420", "https://openalex.org/W4248634141", "https://openalex.org/W4248874693", "https://openalex.org/W4249540773", "https://openalex.org/W4249550410", "https://openalex.org/W4249944343", "https://openalex.org/W4250376964", "https://openalex.org/W4250719804", "https://openalex.org/W4254108720", "https://openalex.org/W4255473510", "https://openalex.org/W4256616813", "https://openalex.org/W4285719527", "https://openalex.org/W4300885486", "https://openalex.org/W4313177291", "https://openalex.org/W4365806376", "https://openalex.org/W6600493230", "https://openalex.org/W6601691419", "https://openalex.org/W6602504562", "https://openalex.org/W6602646459", "https://openalex.org/W6605054989", "https://openalex.org/W6605641451", "https://openalex.org/W6606363811", "https://openalex.org/W6607321314", "https://openalex.org/W6629075861", "https://openalex.org/W6629804114", "https://openalex.org/W6632772150", "https://openalex.org/W6632853253", "https://openalex.org/W6633000716", "https://openalex.org/W6634363924", "https://openalex.org/W6634900971", "https://openalex.org/W6634935856", "https://openalex.org/W6637079759", "https://openalex.org/W6641073924", "https://openalex.org/W6643910514", "https://openalex.org/W6644504583", "https://openalex.org/W6646338135", "https://openalex.org/W6647438913", "https://openalex.org/W6648017521", "https://openalex.org/W6648765265", "https://openalex.org/W6652797137", "https://openalex.org/W6655032120", "https://openalex.org/W6656128469", "https://openalex.org/W6656912798", "https://openalex.org/W6658628553", "https://openalex.org/W6658751663", "https://openalex.org/W6662253051", "https://openalex.org/W6663207005", "https://openalex.org/W6663305901", "https://openalex.org/W6664764347", "https://openalex.org/W6665037929", "https://openalex.org/W6666039331", "https://openalex.org/W6666818525", "https://openalex.org/W6667167887", "https://openalex.org/W6667661764", "https://openalex.org/W6668131395", "https://openalex.org/W6672036281", "https://openalex.org/W6674231803", "https://openalex.org/W6675107091", "https://openalex.org/W6675637482", "https://openalex.org/W6675655729", "https://openalex.org/W6676066381", "https://openalex.org/W6676257847", "https://openalex.org/W6676522002", "https://openalex.org/W6678234597", "https://openalex.org/W6678964072", "https://openalex.org/W6679607388", "https://openalex.org/W6679650263", "https://openalex.org/W6680128385", "https://openalex.org/W6680162982", "https://openalex.org/W6680174961", "https://openalex.org/W6680415107", "https://openalex.org/W6680797404", "https://openalex.org/W6681136635", "https://openalex.org/W6681266627", "https://openalex.org/W6682263976", "https://openalex.org/W6682524115", "https://openalex.org/W6682779719", "https://openalex.org/W6683207662", "https://openalex.org/W6683365042", "https://openalex.org/W6683392054", "https://openalex.org/W6683685142", "https://openalex.org/W6683696860", "https://openalex.org/W6693442413", "https://openalex.org/W6721750117", "https://openalex.org/W6748100439", "https://openalex.org/W6769815320", "https://openalex.org/W6831621822", "https://openalex.org/W6995715322", "https://openalex.org/W7038658068", "https://openalex.org/W7045589948"], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W1544484417", "https://openalex.org/W3205513966", "https://openalex.org/W2052971528", "https://openalex.org/W3120459843", "https://openalex.org/W4366547574", "https://openalex.org/W3200191727", "https://openalex.org/W2390243642", "https://openalex.org/W2184963760", "https://openalex.org/W2471525498", "https://openalex.org/W3011946872"], "abstract_inverted_index": {"In": [0], "this": [1], "paper,": [2], "an": [3, 34], "overview": [4], "of": [5, 38, 43], "human\u2013robot": [6, 26, 47], "interactive": [7], "communication": [8], "is": [9], "presented,": [10], "covering": [11], "verbal": [12], "as": [13, 15, 40, 42], "well": [14, 41], "non-verbal": [16], "aspects.": [17], "Following": [18], "a": [19, 59, 63], "historical": [20], "introduction,": [21], "and": [22, 62], "motivation": [23], "towards": [24], "fluid": [25], "communication,": [27], "ten": [28, 51], "desiderata": [29, 52], "are": [30, 53], "proposed,": [31], "which": [32], "provide": [33], "organizational": [35], "axis": [36], "both": [37], "recent": [39], "future": [44], "research": [45], "on": [46], "communication.": [48], "Then,": [49], "the": [50], "examined": [54], "in": [55, 58], "detail,": [56], "culminating": [57], "unifying": [60], "discussion,": [61], "forward-looking": [64], "conclusion.": [65]}, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 11}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 31}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 35}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 37}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 54}, {"year": 2021, "cited_by_count": 60}, {"year": 2020, "cited_by_count": 72}, {"year": 2019, "cited_by_count": 51}, {"year": 2018, "cited_by_count": 45}, {"year": 2017, "cited_by_count": 31}, {"year": 2016, "cited_by_count": 17}, {"year": 2015, "cited_by_count": 9}, {"year": 2014, "cited_by_count": 2}], "updated_date": "2026-08-26T07:47:46.906454", "created_date": "2025-10-10T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W2475009926", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2016.05.004", "title": "Design for Additive Manufacturing: Trends, opportunities, considerations, and constraints", "display_name": "Design for Additive Manufacturing: Trends, opportunities, considerations, and constraints", "relevance_score": 343.87726, "publication_year": 2016, "publication_date": "2016-01-01", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W2475009926", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2016.05.004", "mag": "2475009926"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1016/j.cirp.2016.05.004", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2016.05.004", "pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007850616301913", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2898225552", "display_name": "CIRP Annals", "issn_l": "0007-8506", "issn": ["0007-8506", "1660-2773", "1726-0604"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "CIRP Annals", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "type": "article", "indexed_in": ["crossref"], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "bronze", "oa_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007850616301913", "any_repository_has_fulltext": true}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5037087291", "display_name": "Mary Kathryn Thompson", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8100-2045"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I96673099", "display_name": "Technical University of Denmark", "ror": "https://ror.org/04qtj9h94", "country_code": "DK", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}], "countries": ["DK"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Mary Kathryn Thompson", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark", "DTU - Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (Anker Engelunds Vej 1 , Bygning 101A , 2800 Kgs. Lyngby - Denmark)"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "DTU - Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (Anker Engelunds Vej 1 , Bygning 101A , 2800 Kgs. Lyngby - Denmark)", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5013397623", "display_name": "Giovanni Moroni", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7621-3382"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I93860229", "display_name": "Politecnico di Milano", "ror": "https://ror.org/01nffqt88", "country_code": "IT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}], "countries": ["IT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Giovanni Moroni", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Italy", "POLIMI - Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32 20133 Milano - Italy)"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Italy", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "POLIMI - Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32 20133 Milano - Italy)", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5061204857", "display_name": "Tom Vaneker", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2289-8299"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I94624287", "display_name": "University of Twente", "ror": "https://ror.org/006hf6230", "country_code": "NL", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}], "countries": ["NL"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Tom Vaneker", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, The Netherlands", "University of Twente (Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede - Netherlands)"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, The Netherlands", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Twente (Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede - Netherlands)", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5015331849", "display_name": "Georges Fadel", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1129-6594"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I8078737", "display_name": "Clemson University", "ror": "https://ror.org/037s24f05", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Georges Fadel", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA", "CEDAR (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0921, USA - United States)", "Clemson University (O-110 Martin Hall, Box 340975, Clemson, S.C. 29634 - United States)"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "CEDAR (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0921, USA - United States)", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Clemson University (O-110 Martin Hall, Box 340975, Clemson, S.C. 29634 - United States)", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5043345074", "display_name": "R.I. Campbell", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I143804889", "display_name": "Loughborough University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04vg4w365", "country_code": "GB", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}], "countries": ["GB"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "R. Ian Campbell", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, UK", "Loughborough University (Epinal Way, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK, LE11 3TU - United Kingdom)"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, UK", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Loughborough University (Epinal Way, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK, LE11 3TU - United Kingdom)", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5012467454", "display_name": "Ian Gibson", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4149-9122"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I149704539", "display_name": "Deakin University", "ror": "https://ror.org/02czsnj07", "country_code": "AU", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}], "countries": ["AU"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ian Gibson", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Engineering, Deakin University, Australia", "Deakin University, Burwood, Australia (Australia)"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Engineering, Deakin University, Australia", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Deakin University, Burwood, Australia (Australia)", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5071183263", "display_name": "Alain Bernard", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7037-2980"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I100445878", "display_name": "\u00c9cole Centrale de Nantes", "ror": "https://ror.org/03nh7d505", "country_code": "FR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I100445878", "https://openalex.org/I97188460"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I1294671590", "display_name": "Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique", "ror": "https://ror.org/02feahw73", "country_code": "FR", "type": "government", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210149833", "display_name": "Universit\u00e9 Bretagne Loire", "ror": "https://ror.org/04x1a4s97", "country_code": "FR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210149833"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I97188460", "display_name": "Nantes Universit\u00e9", "ror": "https://ror.org/03gnr7b55", "country_code": "FR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I97188460"]}], "countries": ["FR"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Alain Bernard", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Universit\u00e9 Bretagne Loire, Ecole Centrale de Nantes, IRCCyN UMR CNRS 6597, France", "IRCCyN - Institut de Recherche en Communications et en Cybern\u00e9tique de Nantes (1, rue de la No\u00eb BP92101 44321 Nantes Cedex 03 - France)"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Universit\u00e9 Bretagne Loire, Ecole Centrale de Nantes, IRCCyN UMR CNRS 6597, France", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I100445878", "https://openalex.org/I1294671590", "https://openalex.org/I4210149833"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "IRCCyN - Institut de Recherche en Communications et en Cybern\u00e9tique de Nantes (1, rue de la No\u00eb BP92101 44321 Nantes Cedex 03 - France)", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I97188460"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5045404843", "display_name": "Joachim Schulz", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3924-3785"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I910829146", "display_name": "European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser", "ror": "https://ror.org/01wp2jz98", "country_code": "DE", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1294671590", "https://openalex.org/I1305996414", "https://openalex.org/I160013858", "https://openalex.org/I2738703131", "https://openalex.org/I2800235667", "https://openalex.org/I2801876189", "https://openalex.org/I2802499594", "https://openalex.org/I4210087105", "https://openalex.org/I4210097150", "https://openalex.org/I4210124562", "https://openalex.org/I4210132216", "https://openalex.org/I4210140065", "https://openalex.org/I4210142071", "https://openalex.org/I4210155236", "https://openalex.org/I4387152914", "https://openalex.org/I4388482678", "https://openalex.org/I910829146"]}], "countries": ["DE"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Joachim Schulz", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Aesculap AG, Germany", "XFEL - European XFEL GmbH (Albert-Einstein-Ring 19, D-22761 Hamburg - Germany)"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Aesculap AG, Germany", "institution_ids": []}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "XFEL - European XFEL GmbH (Albert-Einstein-Ring 19, D-22761 Hamburg - Germany)", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I910829146"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5025372250", "display_name": "Patricia Graf", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3066-8875"}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Patricia Graf", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Aesculap AG, Germany"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Aesculap AG, Germany", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5022014577", "display_name": "Bhrigu Ahuja", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I181369854", "display_name": "Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg", "ror": "https://ror.org/00f7hpc57", "country_code": "DE", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I2801349226", "display_name": "Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/02se0t636", "country_code": "DE", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I2801349226", "https://openalex.org/I315704651"]}], "countries": ["DE"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Bhrigu Ahuja", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["LPT, Institute of Photonic Technologies, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Germany", "FAU - Friedrich-Alexander Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg = University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (Schlossplatz 4, 91054 Erlangen, Germany - Germany)"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "LPT, Institute of Photonic Technologies, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Germany", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I181369854", "https://openalex.org/I2801349226"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "FAU - Friedrich-Alexander Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg = University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (Schlossplatz 4, 91054 Erlangen, Germany - Germany)", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5046654177", "display_name": "Filomeno Martina", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7657-8253"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I82284825", "display_name": "Cranfield University", "ror": "https://ror.org/05cncd958", "country_code": "GB", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]}], "countries": ["GB"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Filomeno Martina", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Welding Engineering and Laser Processing Centre, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK", "School of Engineering - Cranfield University (United Kingdom)"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Welding Engineering and Laser Processing Centre, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Engineering - Cranfield University (United Kingdom)", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]}]}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 8, "institutions_distinct_count": 14, "corresponding_author_ids": ["https://openalex.org/A5037087291"], "corresponding_institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I96673099"], "apc_list": {"value": 3190, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 3190}, "apc_paid": null, "fwci": 100.0008, "has_fulltext": true, "cited_by_count": 1988, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 0.99993539, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 98, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": "65", "issue": "2", "first_page": "737", "last_page": "760"}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10783", "display_name": "Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies", "score": 0.9998000264167786, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2203", "display_name": "Automotive Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10783", "display_name": "Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies", "score": 0.9998000264167786, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2203", "display_name": "Automotive Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12190", "display_name": "Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials", "score": 0.9932000041007996, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2215", "display_name": "Building and Construction"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11159", "display_name": "Manufacturing Process and Optimization", "score": 0.9930999875068665, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2209", "display_name": "Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/manufacturing-engineering", "display_name": "Manufacturing engineering", "score": 0.5471594929695129}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/process", "display_name": "Process (computing)", "score": 0.5156518220901489}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/key", "display_name": "Key (lock)", "score": 0.5118579268455505}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/production", "display_name": "Production (economics)", "score": 0.5045081377029419}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/advanced-manufacturing", "display_name": "Advanced manufacturing", "score": 0.44666701555252075}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering", "display_name": "Engineering", "score": 0.44335445761680603}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science", "display_name": "Computer science", "score": 0.40119123458862305}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/management-science", "display_name": "Management science", "score": 0.36258405447006226}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-engineering", "display_name": "Industrial engineering", "score": 0.35459500551223755}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis", "display_name": "Risk analysis (engineering)", "score": 0.3298146724700928}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/business", "display_name": "Business", "score": 0.23229196667671204}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/economics", "display_name": "Economics", "score": 0.1765853464603424}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C117671659", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11049265", "display_name": "Manufacturing engineering", "level": 1, "score": 0.5471594929695129}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C98045186", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663", "display_name": "Process (computing)", "level": 2, "score": 0.5156518220901489}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C26517878", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039", "display_name": "Key (lock)", "level": 2, "score": 0.5118579268455505}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778348673", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302", "display_name": "Production (economics)", "level": 2, "score": 0.5045081377029419}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C77854861", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4686346", "display_name": "Advanced manufacturing", "level": 2, "score": 0.44666701555252075}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023", "display_name": "Engineering", "level": 0, "score": 0.44335445761680603}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198", "display_name": "Computer science", "level": 0, "score": 0.40119123458862305}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C539667460", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942", "display_name": "Management science", "level": 1, "score": 0.36258405447006226}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C13736549", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4489420", "display_name": "Industrial engineering", "level": 1, "score": 0.35459500551223755}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C112930515", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547", "display_name": "Risk analysis (engineering)", "level": 1, "score": 0.3298146724700928}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453", "display_name": "Business", "level": 0, "score": 0.23229196667671204}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134", "display_name": "Economics", "level": 0, "score": 0.1765853464603424}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C111919701", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135", "display_name": "Operating system", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680", "display_name": "Macroeconomics", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521", "display_name": "Computer security", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}], "mesh": [], "locations_count": 10, "locations": [{"id": "doi:10.1016/j.cirp.2016.05.004", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2016.05.004", "pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007850616301913", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2898225552", "display_name": "CIRP Annals", "issn_l": "0007-8506", "issn": ["0007-8506", "1660-2773", "1726-0604"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "CIRP Annals", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:openaire/4433c2cd-e049-4823-a218-73a332f7b2d3", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/4433c2cd-e049-4823-a218-73a332f7b2d3", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4406922991", "display_name": "University of Twente Research Information", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "other-oa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Thompson, M K, Moroni, G, Vaneker, T, Fadel, G, Campbell, R I, Gibson, I, Bernard, A, Schulz, J, Graf, P, Ahuja, B & Martina, F 2016, 'Design for Additive Manufacturing : Trends, opportunities, considerations, and constraints', CIRP annals : manufacturing technology, vol. 65, no. 2, pp. 737-760. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2016.05.004", "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:HAL:hal-02380637v1", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://hal.science/hal-02380637", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402512", "display_name": "HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1294671590", "host_organization_name": "Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology, 2016, 65 (2), pp.737-760. ⟨10.1016/j.cirp.2016.05.004⟩", "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:dspace.lboro.ac.uk:2134/22278", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/22278", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401023", "display_name": "Loughborough University Institutional Repository (Loughborough University)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I143804889", "host_organization_name": "Loughborough University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I143804889"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "", "raw_type": "Article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk:1826/10133", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/bitstreams/6d7c0f3a-e42c-4bda-b87e-042ed8291c25/download", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401778", "display_name": "CERES (Cranfield University)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I82284825", "host_organization_name": "Cranfield University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I82284825"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "Article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/20877286", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Design_for_additive_manufacturing_trends_opportunities_considerations_and_constraints/20877286", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4377196282", "display_name": "Figshare", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I4210132348", "host_organization_name": "Figshare (United Kingdom)", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "Text"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/9346292", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Design_for_additive_manufacturing_trends_opportunities_considerations_and_constraints/9346292", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402585", "display_name": "Loughborough University Research Repository (Loughborough University)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I143804889", "host_organization_name": "Loughborough University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I143804889"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "", "raw_type": "Text"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/f05a7b7c-3a6e-486b-a407-53df5af62afa", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/f05a7b7c-3a6e-486b-a407-53df5af62afa", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400705", "display_name": "Technical University of Denmark, DTU Orbit (Technical University of Denmark, DTU)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I96673099", "host_organization_name": "Technical University of Denmark", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I96673099"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "Thompson , M K , Moroni , G , Vaneker , T , Fadel , G , Campbell , R I , Gibson , I , Bernard , A , Schulz , J , Graf , P , Ahuja , B & Martina , F 2016 , ' Design for Additive Manufacturing: Trends, opportunities, considerations, and constraints ' , C I R P Annals , pp. 24 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2016.05.004", "raw_type": "article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:re.public.polimi.it:11311/1017129", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://hdl.handle.net/11311/1017129", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400312", "display_name": "Virtual Community of Pathological Anatomy (University of Castilla La Mancha)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I79189158", "host_organization_name": "University of Castilla-La Mancha", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I79189158"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "other-oa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "", "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}, {"id": "pmh:ut:oai:ris.utwente.nl:publications/4433c2cd-e049-4823-a218-73a332f7b2d3", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/4433c2cd-e049-4823-a218-73a332f7b2d3", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4406922991", "display_name": "University of Twente Research Information", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "other-oa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "CIRP annals : manufacturing technology, 65(2), 737 - 760. Elsevier", "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "doi:10.1016/j.cirp.2016.05.004", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2016.05.004", "pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007850616301913", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2898225552", "display_name": "CIRP Annals", "issn_l": "0007-8506", "issn": ["0007-8506", "1660-2773", "1726-0604"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "CIRP Annals", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [{"score": 0.6700000166893005, "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9", "display_name": "Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}], "awards": [], "funders": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320309036", "display_name": "Purdue University", "ror": "https://ror.org/02dqehb95"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320322308", "display_name": "KU Leuven", "ror": "https://ror.org/05f950310"}], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": true, "pdf": true}, "content_urls": {"pdf": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2475009926.pdf", "grobid_xml": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2475009926.grobid-xml"}, "referenced_works_count": 330, "referenced_works": ["https://openalex.org/W37056855", "https://openalex.org/W101757481", "https://openalex.org/W175564597", "https://openalex.org/W190471239", "https://openalex.org/W210466321", "https://openalex.org/W606319491", "https://openalex.org/W646348945", "https://openalex.org/W832300113", "https://openalex.org/W903012784", "https://openalex.org/W1442364753", "https://openalex.org/W1482261643", "https://openalex.org/W1487611565", "https://openalex.org/W1509675943", "https://openalex.org/W1518797503", "https://openalex.org/W1537624129", "https://openalex.org/W1552071801", "https://openalex.org/W1564751438", "https://openalex.org/W1566680375", "https://openalex.org/W1567870864", "https://openalex.org/W1586219442", "https://openalex.org/W1587418562", "https://openalex.org/W1591545996", "https://openalex.org/W1598256116", "https://openalex.org/W1653026091", "https://openalex.org/W1680054435", "https://openalex.org/W1711375714", "https://openalex.org/W1753511821", "https://openalex.org/W1800786660", "https://openalex.org/W1825091999", "https://openalex.org/W1844622202", "https://openalex.org/W1857015003", "https://openalex.org/W1875507434", "https://openalex.org/W1950020143", "https://openalex.org/W1964000165", "https://openalex.org/W1967534259", "https://openalex.org/W1968897970", "https://openalex.org/W1969737594", "https://openalex.org/W1972102832", "https://openalex.org/W1972881738", "https://openalex.org/W1975051054", "https://openalex.org/W1976165400", "https://openalex.org/W1977082206", "https://openalex.org/W1979168015", "https://openalex.org/W1979170919", "https://openalex.org/W1979214972", "https://openalex.org/W1979305863", "https://openalex.org/W1980390708", "https://openalex.org/W1982483375", "https://openalex.org/W1983413949", "https://openalex.org/W1984051198", "https://openalex.org/W1985174274", "https://openalex.org/W1987823400", "https://openalex.org/W1988035706", "https://openalex.org/W1991907360", "https://openalex.org/W1993347885", "https://openalex.org/W1995077759", "https://openalex.org/W1995105354", "https://openalex.org/W1995575199", "https://openalex.org/W1995752583", "https://openalex.org/W1995979770", "https://openalex.org/W1996701757", "https://openalex.org/W1999411090", "https://openalex.org/W1999735235", "https://openalex.org/W2001231757", "https://openalex.org/W2001369632", "https://openalex.org/W2001712945", "https://openalex.org/W2002009264", "https://openalex.org/W2002160471", "https://openalex.org/W2002424994", "https://openalex.org/W2002707925", "https://openalex.org/W2002905567", "https://openalex.org/W2004435827", "https://openalex.org/W2005588691", "https://openalex.org/W2006359199", "https://openalex.org/W2006565032", "https://openalex.org/W2007443511", "https://openalex.org/W2009403413", "https://openalex.org/W2009930476", "https://openalex.org/W2009949782", "https://openalex.org/W2010134448", "https://openalex.org/W2010360743", "https://openalex.org/W2011901470", "https://openalex.org/W2012831819", "https://openalex.org/W2014266631", "https://openalex.org/W2014534659", "https://openalex.org/W2014785733", "https://openalex.org/W2014937114", "https://openalex.org/W2015953832", "https://openalex.org/W2015954192", "https://openalex.org/W2017874637", "https://openalex.org/W2018021168", "https://openalex.org/W2019979508", "https://openalex.org/W2021631941", "https://openalex.org/W2023011715", "https://openalex.org/W2023030765", "https://openalex.org/W2023270643", "https://openalex.org/W2024127739", "https://openalex.org/W2024698949", "https://openalex.org/W2024738922", "https://openalex.org/W2025422358", "https://openalex.org/W2025545384", "https://openalex.org/W2027437554", "https://openalex.org/W2027808269", "https://openalex.org/W2028135491", "https://openalex.org/W2030749064", "https://openalex.org/W2030887300", "https://openalex.org/W2031715204", "https://openalex.org/W2032416520", "https://openalex.org/W2032908908", "https://openalex.org/W2033076589", "https://openalex.org/W2033338248", "https://openalex.org/W2036100599", "https://openalex.org/W2036931096", "https://openalex.org/W2038883696", "https://openalex.org/W2039129894", "https://openalex.org/W2040741357", "https://openalex.org/W2041523444", "https://openalex.org/W2041670622", "https://openalex.org/W2042581802", "https://openalex.org/W2044113378", "https://openalex.org/W2045172928", "https://openalex.org/W2045279221", "https://openalex.org/W2045421472", "https://openalex.org/W2049741780", "https://openalex.org/W2051133754", "https://openalex.org/W2051855839", "https://openalex.org/W2053000788", "https://openalex.org/W2053228455", "https://openalex.org/W2053675209", "https://openalex.org/W2053846703", "https://openalex.org/W2057950601", "https://openalex.org/W2058364550", "https://openalex.org/W2060375578", "https://openalex.org/W2063784058", "https://openalex.org/W2063889280", "https://openalex.org/W2064886205", "https://openalex.org/W2065992077", "https://openalex.org/W2066737743", "https://openalex.org/W2067894650", "https://openalex.org/W2068505089", "https://openalex.org/W2069697000", "https://openalex.org/W2070161878", "https://openalex.org/W2070915772", "https://openalex.org/W2073562379", "https://openalex.org/W2074647638", "https://openalex.org/W2077796889", "https://openalex.org/W2079249021", "https://openalex.org/W2081649225", "https://openalex.org/W2083471156", "https://openalex.org/W2084064963", "https://openalex.org/W2085467842", "https://openalex.org/W2086208855", "https://openalex.org/W2086225014", "https://openalex.org/W2087870621", "https://openalex.org/W2088508142", "https://openalex.org/W2088677658", "https://openalex.org/W2091440221", "https://openalex.org/W2092760711", "https://openalex.org/W2093779644", "https://openalex.org/W2093872829", "https://openalex.org/W2094630803", "https://openalex.org/W2099373965", "https://openalex.org/W2101737425", "https://openalex.org/W2105267352", "https://openalex.org/W2107034380", "https://openalex.org/W2110191790", "https://openalex.org/W2118812035", "https://openalex.org/W2123330099", "https://openalex.org/W2124195334", "https://openalex.org/W2125308454", "https://openalex.org/W2127508463", "https://openalex.org/W2134872347", "https://openalex.org/W2135937573", "https://openalex.org/W2136336918", "https://openalex.org/W2136931900", "https://openalex.org/W2138664833", "https://openalex.org/W2143733115", "https://openalex.org/W2150839740", "https://openalex.org/W2151487333", "https://openalex.org/W2155352267", "https://openalex.org/W2168082768", "https://openalex.org/W2168835876", "https://openalex.org/W2170602958", "https://openalex.org/W2176300424", "https://openalex.org/W2182917460", "https://openalex.org/W2188577562", "https://openalex.org/W2192675194", "https://openalex.org/W2196702340", "https://openalex.org/W2199783880", "https://openalex.org/W2203654300", "https://openalex.org/W2218648427", "https://openalex.org/W2239696251", "https://openalex.org/W2239884214", "https://openalex.org/W2253723342", "https://openalex.org/W2254387532", "https://openalex.org/W2276348553", "https://openalex.org/W2280112746", "https://openalex.org/W2289017971", "https://openalex.org/W2300778507", "https://openalex.org/W2305120947", "https://openalex.org/W2319698036", "https://openalex.org/W2320675188", "https://openalex.org/W2323970951", "https://openalex.org/W2325918730", "https://openalex.org/W2468589860", "https://openalex.org/W2476210259", "https://openalex.org/W2479393849", "https://openalex.org/W2484909135", "https://openalex.org/W2485760684", "https://openalex.org/W2486545566", "https://openalex.org/W2492431209", "https://openalex.org/W2493553131", "https://openalex.org/W2497100981", "https://openalex.org/W2497831593", "https://openalex.org/W2500788675", "https://openalex.org/W2500888288", "https://openalex.org/W2501811164", "https://openalex.org/W2502163814", "https://openalex.org/W2503441415", "https://openalex.org/W2504210590", "https://openalex.org/W2505260099", "https://openalex.org/W2508513181", "https://openalex.org/W2515646181", "https://openalex.org/W2521470346", "https://openalex.org/W2521474254", "https://openalex.org/W2523756392", "https://openalex.org/W2602769178", "https://openalex.org/W2605430880", "https://openalex.org/W2605448443", "https://openalex.org/W2616874797", "https://openalex.org/W2616922622", "https://openalex.org/W2715146817", "https://openalex.org/W2738681073", "https://openalex.org/W2755798765", "https://openalex.org/W2792023896", "https://openalex.org/W2793438781", "https://openalex.org/W2889269137", "https://openalex.org/W2944448253", "https://openalex.org/W2947579227", "https://openalex.org/W2978201978", "https://openalex.org/W2996191726", "https://openalex.org/W2996289738", "https://openalex.org/W2997814748", "https://openalex.org/W3021182845", "https://openalex.org/W3035938562", "https://openalex.org/W3106462924", "https://openalex.org/W3113461067", "https://openalex.org/W3142609019", "https://openalex.org/W3154053733", "https://openalex.org/W3180183786", "https://openalex.org/W3198277318", "https://openalex.org/W3202265292", "https://openalex.org/W3203544585", "https://openalex.org/W3204405417", "https://openalex.org/W3204469715", "https://openalex.org/W3205609479", "https://openalex.org/W3205677853", "https://openalex.org/W3207569902", "https://openalex.org/W3207914703", "https://openalex.org/W4234751955", "https://openalex.org/W4245856955", "https://openalex.org/W4249126729", "https://openalex.org/W4285719527", "https://openalex.org/W4302828160", "https://openalex.org/W4308171838", "https://openalex.org/W4411054521", "https://openalex.org/W6604149903", "https://openalex.org/W6607111517", "https://openalex.org/W6607636667", "https://openalex.org/W6633939992", "https://openalex.org/W6634119330", "https://openalex.org/W6635267656", "https://openalex.org/W6637491660", "https://openalex.org/W6638502844", "https://openalex.org/W6638765670", "https://openalex.org/W6643601275", "https://openalex.org/W6646330545", "https://openalex.org/W6650790958", "https://openalex.org/W6654809875", "https://openalex.org/W6656250535", "https://openalex.org/W6657323745", "https://openalex.org/W6661323187", "https://openalex.org/W6663884893", "https://openalex.org/W6666275775", "https://openalex.org/W6669982189", "https://openalex.org/W6670890109", "https://openalex.org/W6672804684", "https://openalex.org/W6674983619", "https://openalex.org/W6680333215", "https://openalex.org/W6684734295", "https://openalex.org/W6686920954", "https://openalex.org/W6690248547", "https://openalex.org/W6691558817", "https://openalex.org/W6698062193", "https://openalex.org/W6700186447", "https://openalex.org/W6720642908", "https://openalex.org/W6723455188", "https://openalex.org/W6723524545", "https://openalex.org/W6723858574", "https://openalex.org/W6723897888", "https://openalex.org/W6724192337", "https://openalex.org/W6724357792", "https://openalex.org/W6724402435", "https://openalex.org/W6725030148", "https://openalex.org/W6726116262", "https://openalex.org/W6726906297", "https://openalex.org/W6727293202", "https://openalex.org/W6730025059", "https://openalex.org/W6735760836", "https://openalex.org/W6736194731", "https://openalex.org/W6738337768", "https://openalex.org/W6738387714", "https://openalex.org/W6768750680", "https://openalex.org/W6771293307", "https://openalex.org/W6772321164", "https://openalex.org/W6779848310", "https://openalex.org/W6794227014", "https://openalex.org/W6798368428", "https://openalex.org/W6800439308", "https://openalex.org/W6801612149", "https://openalex.org/W6802428495", "https://openalex.org/W6802486301", "https://openalex.org/W6802498004", "https://openalex.org/W6802619188", "https://openalex.org/W6802986931", "https://openalex.org/W6803055994", "https://openalex.org/W6821275657", "https://openalex.org/W6884952160", "https://openalex.org/W7042824906", "https://openalex.org/W7071303763"], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W2368556461", "https://openalex.org/W2350937397", "https://openalex.org/W2372059288", "https://openalex.org/W2387748094", "https://openalex.org/W2361330313", "https://openalex.org/W2348540430", "https://openalex.org/W2387388784", "https://openalex.org/W2390986182", "https://openalex.org/W2347538703", "https://openalex.org/W2044686847"], "abstract_inverted_index": null, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 154}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 196}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 189}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 235}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 241}, {"year": 2021, "cited_by_count": 277}, {"year": 2020, "cited_by_count": 242}, {"year": 2019, "cited_by_count": 184}, {"year": 2018, "cited_by_count": 168}, {"year": 2017, "cited_by_count": 83}, {"year": 2016, "cited_by_count": 10}, {"year": 2015, "cited_by_count": 6}], "updated_date": "2026-09-15T07:32:03.291174", "created_date": "2025-10-10T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4200567725", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202107902", "title": "Flexible Electronics and Devices as Human\u2013Machine Interfaces for Medical Robotics", "display_name": "Flexible Electronics and Devices as Human\u2013Machine Interfaces for Medical Robotics", "relevance_score": 343.37384, "publication_year": 2021, "publication_date": "2021-12-12", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W4200567725", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202107902", "pmid": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34897836"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1002/adma.202107902", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202107902", "pdf_url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/adma.202107902", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S99352657", "display_name": "Advanced Materials", "issn_l": "0935-9648", "issn": ["0935-9648", "1521-4095"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by-nc", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Advanced Materials", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "type": "article", "indexed_in": ["crossref", "pubmed"], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "hybrid", "oa_url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/adma.202107902", "any_repository_has_fulltext": true}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5045293849", "display_name": "Wenzheng Heng", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5278-0727"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I122411786", "display_name": "California Institute of Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/05dxps055", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Wenzheng Heng", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering California Institute of Technology  Pasadena CA 91125 USA", "Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125 USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering California Institute of Technology  Pasadena CA 91125 USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125 USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5088839451", "display_name": "Samuel A. Solomon", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I122411786", "display_name": "California Institute of Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/05dxps055", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Samuel Solomon", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering California Institute of Technology  Pasadena CA 91125 USA", "Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125 USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering California Institute of Technology  Pasadena CA 91125 USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125 USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5079273603", "display_name": "Wei Gao", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-4562"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I122411786", "display_name": "California Institute of Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/05dxps055", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Wei Gao", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering California Institute of Technology  Pasadena CA 91125 USA", "Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125 USA"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-4562", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering California Institute of Technology  Pasadena CA 91125 USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125 USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 1, "institutions_distinct_count": 1, "corresponding_author_ids": ["https://openalex.org/A5079273603"], "corresponding_institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I122411786"], "apc_list": {"value": 5000, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 5000}, "apc_paid": {"value": 5000, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 5000}, "fwci": 25.3746, "has_fulltext": true, "cited_by_count": 596, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 0.99941925, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 99, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": "34", "issue": "16", "first_page": "e2107902", "last_page": "e2107902"}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10338", "display_name": "Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials", "score": 0.9998999834060669, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2204", "display_name": "Biomedical Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10338", "display_name": "Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials", "score": 0.9998999834060669, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2204", "display_name": "Biomedical Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11601", "display_name": "Neuroscience and Neural Engineering", "score": 0.9991000294685364, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2804", "display_name": "Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/28", "display_name": "Neuroscience"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/1", "display_name": "Life Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10429", "display_name": "EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces", "score": 0.9973000288009644, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2805", "display_name": "Cognitive Neuroscience"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/28", "display_name": "Neuroscience"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/1", "display_name": "Life Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics", "display_name": "Robotics", "score": 0.8578064441680908}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "score": 0.7146956920623779}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/soft-robotics", "display_name": "Soft robotics", "score": 0.6994056105613708}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/interface", "display_name": "Interface (matter)", "score": 0.6167802810668945}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction", "display_name": "Human\u2013computer interaction", "score": 0.5692290663719177}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/rehabilitation-robotics", "display_name": "Rehabilitation robotics", "score": 0.5598075985908508}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science", "display_name": "Computer science", "score": 0.5482996106147766}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/electronics", "display_name": "Electronics", "score": 0.5442237854003906}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/robot", "display_name": "Robot", "score": 0.49061837792396545}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering", "display_name": "Engineering", "score": 0.24667245149612427}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering", "display_name": "Electrical engineering", "score": 0.15265291929244995}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C34413123", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978", "display_name": "Robotics", "level": 3, "score": 0.8578064441680908}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "level": 1, "score": 0.7146956920623779}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776058767", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24327151", "display_name": "Soft robotics", "level": 3, "score": 0.6994056105613708}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C113843644", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882", "display_name": "Interface (matter)", "level": 4, "score": 0.6167802810668945}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C107457646", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434", "display_name": "Human\u2013computer interaction", "level": 1, "score": 0.5692290663719177}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2775862927", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7309766", "display_name": "Rehabilitation robotics", "level": 3, "score": 0.5598075985908508}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198", "display_name": "Computer science", "level": 0, "score": 0.5482996106147766}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C138331895", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11650", "display_name": "Electronics", "level": 2, "score": 0.5442237854003906}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C90509273", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012", "display_name": "Robot", "level": 2, "score": 0.49061837792396545}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023", "display_name": "Engineering", "level": 0, "score": 0.24667245149612427}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C119599485", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035", "display_name": "Electrical engineering", "level": 1, "score": 0.15265291929244995}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C173608175", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661", "display_name": "Parallel computing", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C129307140", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880", "display_name": "Maximum bubble pressure method", "level": 3, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C157915830", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001", "display_name": "Bubble", "level": 2, "score": 0.0}], "mesh": [{"descriptor_ui": "D004581", "descriptor_name": "Electronics", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D004581", "descriptor_name": "Electronics", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D004581", "descriptor_name": "Electronics", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D004581", "descriptor_name": "Electronics", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D006801", "descriptor_name": "Humans", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D006801", "descriptor_name": "Humans", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D006801", "descriptor_name": "Humans", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D006801", "descriptor_name": "Humans", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D011788", "descriptor_name": "Quality of Life", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D011788", "descriptor_name": "Quality of Life", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D011788", "descriptor_name": "Quality of Life", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D011788", "descriptor_name": "Quality of Life", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": false}, {"descriptor_ui": "D012371", "descriptor_name": "Robotics", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": true}, {"descriptor_ui": "D012371", "descriptor_name": "Robotics", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": true}, {"descriptor_ui": "D012371", "descriptor_name": "Robotics", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": true}, {"descriptor_ui": "D012371", "descriptor_name": "Robotics", "qualifier_ui": null, "qualifier_name": null, "is_major_topic": true}], "locations_count": 7, "locations": [{"id": "doi:10.1002/adma.202107902", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202107902", "pdf_url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/adma.202107902", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S99352657", "display_name": "Advanced Materials", "issn_l": "0935-9648", "issn": ["0935-9648", "1521-4095"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by-nc", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Advanced Materials", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, {"id": "pmid:34897836", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34897836", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036", "display_name": "PubMed", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1299303238", "host_organization_name": "National Institutes of Health", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)", "raw_type": "Journal Article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9035141", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9035141", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111", "display_name": "PubMed Central", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1299303238", "host_organization_name": "National Institutes of Health", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "Adv Mater", "raw_type": "Text"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:112380", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20211213-518563000", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402161", "display_name": "CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I122411786", "host_organization_name": "California Institute of Technology", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I122411786"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "", "raw_type": "Article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:113889", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220310-752634000", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402161", "display_name": "CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I122411786", "host_organization_name": "California Institute of Technology", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I122411786"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "", "raw_type": "Article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:114297", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/114297/", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402161", "display_name": "CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I122411786", "host_organization_name": "California Institute of Technology", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I122411786"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "", "raw_type": "Article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt3zm3838d", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3zm3838d", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400115", "display_name": "eScholarship (California Digital Library)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I2801248553", "host_organization_name": "California Digital Library", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "Advanced Materials, vol 34, iss 16", "raw_type": "article"}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "doi:10.1002/adma.202107902", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202107902", "pdf_url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/adma.202107902", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S99352657", "display_name": "Advanced Materials", "issn_l": "0935-9648", "issn": ["0935-9648", "1521-4095"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by-nc", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Advanced Materials", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [{"score": 0.6600000262260437, "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4", "display_name": "Quality Education"}], "awards": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/G1339463652", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "N00014\u201021\u20101\u20102845", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320337345", "funder_display_name": "Office of Naval Research"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G1650531676", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "R01RG3746", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320308294", "funder_display_name": "Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G193357291", "display_name": "Laser-Engraved Wearable Sweat Sensors to Detect and Monitor Cardiometabolic Disease", "funder_award_id": "5r01hl155815-02", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320332161", "funder_display_name": "National Institutes of Health"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G3128838034", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "R01RG3746", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320337345", "funder_display_name": "Office of Naval Research"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G4508633069", "display_name": "THIS PROPOSAL FOR A TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE IS SUBMITTED ON BEHALF OF A CONSORTIUM OF NON-PROFIT ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS IN RESPONSE TO NASA C", "funder_award_id": "NNX16AO69A", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320306101", "funder_display_name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G7252890751", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "NASA NNX16AO69A", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320306101", "funder_display_name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G8537506676", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "N00014\u201021\u20101\u20102483", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320337345", "funder_display_name": "Office of Naval Research"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G8876996369", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "N00014", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320337345", "funder_display_name": "Office of Naval Research"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G950936640", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "R01HL155815", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320337338", "funder_display_name": "National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"}], "funders": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320306101", "display_name": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "ror": "https://ror.org/027ka1x80"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320308294", "display_name": "Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program", "ror": "https://ror.org/00pjdza24"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320309398", "display_name": "California Institute of Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/05dxps055"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320332161", "display_name": "National Institutes of Health", "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320337338", "display_name": "National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute", "ror": "https://ror.org/012pb6c26"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320337345", "display_name": "Office of Naval Research", "ror": "https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"}], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": true, "pdf": true}, "content_urls": {"pdf": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200567725.pdf", "grobid_xml": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200567725.grobid-xml"}, "referenced_works_count": 615, "referenced_works": ["https://openalex.org/W623439416", "https://openalex.org/W1515749184", "https://openalex.org/W1538596214", "https://openalex.org/W1545922961", "https://openalex.org/W1550572249", "https://openalex.org/W1571978122", "https://openalex.org/W1586711967", "https://openalex.org/W1590155876", "https://openalex.org/W1638736765", "https://openalex.org/W1807367985", "https://openalex.org/W1888892744", "https://openalex.org/W1899979387", "https://openalex.org/W1900860620", "https://openalex.org/W1901658528", "https://openalex.org/W1926387934", "https://openalex.org/W1946919574", "https://openalex.org/W1949199799", "https://openalex.org/W1964617104", "https://openalex.org/W1965019276", "https://openalex.org/W1969392009", "https://openalex.org/W1973275441", "https://openalex.org/W1974386063", "https://openalex.org/W1974630568", "https://openalex.org/W1974791436", "https://openalex.org/W1975092334", "https://openalex.org/W1975592148", "https://openalex.org/W1976869056", "https://openalex.org/W1977955764", "https://openalex.org/W1978642336", "https://openalex.org/W1979632448", "https://openalex.org/W1982085124", "https://openalex.org/W1982276321", "https://openalex.org/W1984753398", "https://openalex.org/W1985703062", "https://openalex.org/W1986261217", "https://openalex.org/W1987592799", "https://openalex.org/W1989172022", "https://openalex.org/W1991828413", "https://openalex.org/W1992103482", "https://openalex.org/W1992212399", "https://openalex.org/W1993378267", "https://openalex.org/W1994380917", "https://openalex.org/W1998521777", "https://openalex.org/W1998544072", "https://openalex.org/W1999585120", "https://openalex.org/W1999959880", "https://openalex.org/W2001566902", "https://openalex.org/W2003436486", "https://openalex.org/W2004545040", "https://openalex.org/W2005123673", "https://openalex.org/W2008686569", "https://openalex.org/W2011360325", "https://openalex.org/W2012250213", "https://openalex.org/W2012853348", "https://openalex.org/W2013619029", "https://openalex.org/W2014165423", "https://openalex.org/W2017562410", "https://openalex.org/W2018555432", "https://openalex.org/W2020233463", "https://openalex.org/W2020769260", "https://openalex.org/W2022483102", "https://openalex.org/W2027192530", "https://openalex.org/W2027811212", "https://openalex.org/W2027910517", "https://openalex.org/W2028575493", "https://openalex.org/W2029105646", "https://openalex.org/W2032423464", "https://openalex.org/W2034602349", "https://openalex.org/W2035312865", "https://openalex.org/W2037567991", "https://openalex.org/W2037867075", "https://openalex.org/W2042853580", "https://openalex.org/W2043049210", "https://openalex.org/W2044169471", "https://openalex.org/W2045253798", "https://openalex.org/W2046255898", "https://openalex.org/W2046799064", "https://openalex.org/W2048347750", "https://openalex.org/W2049078445", "https://openalex.org/W2049292590", "https://openalex.org/W2049502009", "https://openalex.org/W2051004303", "https://openalex.org/W2051740096", "https://openalex.org/W2052543545", "https://openalex.org/W2054098571", "https://openalex.org/W2055432244", "https://openalex.org/W2055554935", "https://openalex.org/W2056277131", "https://openalex.org/W2056501338", "https://openalex.org/W2059610514", "https://openalex.org/W2061124896", "https://openalex.org/W2061453480", "https://openalex.org/W2065304780", "https://openalex.org/W2065613910", "https://openalex.org/W2067747145", "https://openalex.org/W2068000469", "https://openalex.org/W2068930171", "https://openalex.org/W2069137854", "https://openalex.org/W2069908372", "https://openalex.org/W2070939443", "https://openalex.org/W2071074391", "https://openalex.org/W2071188031", "https://openalex.org/W2071837176", "https://openalex.org/W2073193146", "https://openalex.org/W2073340847", "https://openalex.org/W2073476715", "https://openalex.org/W2074613775", "https://openalex.org/W2076131235", "https://openalex.org/W2076156211", "https://openalex.org/W2078789114", "https://openalex.org/W2078835847", "https://openalex.org/W2079574144", "https://openalex.org/W2080234865", "https://openalex.org/W2081234094", "https://openalex.org/W2087196160", "https://openalex.org/W2087704839", "https://openalex.org/W2092685321", "https://openalex.org/W2093628321", "https://openalex.org/W2094069104", "https://openalex.org/W2094400151", "https://openalex.org/W2094722728", "https://openalex.org/W2095504054", "https://openalex.org/W2096050373", "https://openalex.org/W2097755153", "https://openalex.org/W2101656718", "https://openalex.org/W2101843765", "https://openalex.org/W2102103192", "https://openalex.org/W2103408026", "https://openalex.org/W2105425384", "https://openalex.org/W2105762484", "https://openalex.org/W2106896765", "https://openalex.org/W2108358935", "https://openalex.org/W2108558598", "https://openalex.org/W2108956075", "https://openalex.org/W2111226009", "https://openalex.org/W2111853718", "https://openalex.org/W2112427939", "https://openalex.org/W2112486201", "https://openalex.org/W2113202560", "https://openalex.org/W2113328806", "https://openalex.org/W2113966143", "https://openalex.org/W2114004602", "https://openalex.org/W2114721754", "https://openalex.org/W2117489143", "https://openalex.org/W2120082103", "https://openalex.org/W2120686758", "https://openalex.org/W2123167643", "https://openalex.org/W2123352686", "https://openalex.org/W2124261887", "https://openalex.org/W2125773804", "https://openalex.org/W2127529423", "https://openalex.org/W2128799330", "https://openalex.org/W2129547735", "https://openalex.org/W2132906099", "https://openalex.org/W2133242757", "https://openalex.org/W2134307143", "https://openalex.org/W2134821156", "https://openalex.org/W2137620073", "https://openalex.org/W2139044388", "https://openalex.org/W2142114107", "https://openalex.org/W2142255743", "https://openalex.org/W2142736086", "https://openalex.org/W2143637557", "https://openalex.org/W2144930761", "https://openalex.org/W2146050353", "https://openalex.org/W2147820879", "https://openalex.org/W2151263439", "https://openalex.org/W2154453638", "https://openalex.org/W2155310328", "https://openalex.org/W2156378823", "https://openalex.org/W2157094999", "https://openalex.org/W2157275845", "https://openalex.org/W2158417770", "https://openalex.org/W2158614317", "https://openalex.org/W2160024319", "https://openalex.org/W2160098057", "https://openalex.org/W2160541742", "https://openalex.org/W2162399638", "https://openalex.org/W2164012737", "https://openalex.org/W2165394321", "https://openalex.org/W2166425546", "https://openalex.org/W2166777736", "https://openalex.org/W2167053601", "https://openalex.org/W2168100296", "https://openalex.org/W2169061869", "https://openalex.org/W2169410184", "https://openalex.org/W2170459269", "https://openalex.org/W2171005488", "https://openalex.org/W2171196856", "https://openalex.org/W2172279702", "https://openalex.org/W2174636528", "https://openalex.org/W2182296814", "https://openalex.org/W2185838803", "https://openalex.org/W2190923751", "https://openalex.org/W2206596356", "https://openalex.org/W2212410734", "https://openalex.org/W2217861690", "https://openalex.org/W2226670141", "https://openalex.org/W2237543528", "https://openalex.org/W2253790143", "https://openalex.org/W2255943060", "https://openalex.org/W2256016128", "https://openalex.org/W2258620306", "https://openalex.org/W2260960995", "https://openalex.org/W2264088247", "https://openalex.org/W2266175888", "https://openalex.org/W2268125433", "https://openalex.org/W2273148818", "https://openalex.org/W2298253961", "https://openalex.org/W2300274263", "https://openalex.org/W2305946569", "https://openalex.org/W2311890971", "https://openalex.org/W2315563763", "https://openalex.org/W2323521842", "https://openalex.org/W2323734260", "https://openalex.org/W2323956509", "https://openalex.org/W2328850170", "https://openalex.org/W2335675049", "https://openalex.org/W2337157527", "https://openalex.org/W2337779421", "https://openalex.org/W2339545839", "https://openalex.org/W2342159388", "https://openalex.org/W2343330309", "https://openalex.org/W2346626276", "https://openalex.org/W2404267834", "https://openalex.org/W2409773124", "https://openalex.org/W2414388112", "https://openalex.org/W2414673301", "https://openalex.org/W2415305337", "https://openalex.org/W2418815232", "https://openalex.org/W2419274713", "https://openalex.org/W2431884816", "https://openalex.org/W2468965001", "https://openalex.org/W2494452465", "https://openalex.org/W2495352079", "https://openalex.org/W2507460368", "https://openalex.org/W2520441859", "https://openalex.org/W2521706094", "https://openalex.org/W2522196907", "https://openalex.org/W2522712323", "https://openalex.org/W2529404661", "https://openalex.org/W2543444800", "https://openalex.org/W2550977665", "https://openalex.org/W2550979959", "https://openalex.org/W2551486358", "https://openalex.org/W2551672098", "https://openalex.org/W2552077126", "https://openalex.org/W2553082241", "https://openalex.org/W2554018778", "https://openalex.org/W2554918612", "https://openalex.org/W2557214653", "https://openalex.org/W2557453416", "https://openalex.org/W2559904797", "https://openalex.org/W2560234750", "https://openalex.org/W2560704029", "https://openalex.org/W2561609334", "https://openalex.org/W2569944530", "https://openalex.org/W2570083732", "https://openalex.org/W2571051306", "https://openalex.org/W2571457106", "https://openalex.org/W2578957674", "https://openalex.org/W2582553065", "https://openalex.org/W2583551110", "https://openalex.org/W2586771962", "https://openalex.org/W2587122088", "https://openalex.org/W2587792524", "https://openalex.org/W2593247569", "https://openalex.org/W2596957564", "https://openalex.org/W2598476626", "https://openalex.org/W2606579376", "https://openalex.org/W2607347870", "https://openalex.org/W2611427051", "https://openalex.org/W2612110125", "https://openalex.org/W2612352389", "https://openalex.org/W2612430951", "https://openalex.org/W2617540989", "https://openalex.org/W2618124841", "https://openalex.org/W2620547429", "https://openalex.org/W2624351657", "https://openalex.org/W2625097832", "https://openalex.org/W2709454349", "https://openalex.org/W2734595361", "https://openalex.org/W2735867997", "https://openalex.org/W2737156933", "https://openalex.org/W2737445139", "https://openalex.org/W2738073041", "https://openalex.org/W2738311417", "https://openalex.org/W2739622635", "https://openalex.org/W2741179917", "https://openalex.org/W2746520979", "https://openalex.org/W2747780986", "https://openalex.org/W2748083017", "https://openalex.org/W2749476078", "https://openalex.org/W2753933330", "https://openalex.org/W2755528635", "https://openalex.org/W2755841351", "https://openalex.org/W2755921665", "https://openalex.org/W2755928480", "https://openalex.org/W2762722043", "https://openalex.org/W2765934971", "https://openalex.org/W2766262086", "https://openalex.org/W2766356906", "https://openalex.org/W2766436878", "https://openalex.org/W2767382018", "https://openalex.org/W2767484752", "https://openalex.org/W2767493192", "https://openalex.org/W2768968664", "https://openalex.org/W2773711501", "https://openalex.org/W2775787671", "https://openalex.org/W2781516556", "https://openalex.org/W2783338612", "https://openalex.org/W2783608365", "https://openalex.org/W2783748062", "https://openalex.org/W2787854852", "https://openalex.org/W2787996313", "https://openalex.org/W2788045153", "https://openalex.org/W2790405757", "https://openalex.org/W2790457354", "https://openalex.org/W2791116204", "https://openalex.org/W2791333980", "https://openalex.org/W2791443927", "https://openalex.org/W2791750990", "https://openalex.org/W2792399726", "https://openalex.org/W2792960666", "https://openalex.org/W2793259842", "https://openalex.org/W2794033686", "https://openalex.org/W2795833336", "https://openalex.org/W2799344841", "https://openalex.org/W2801346405", "https://openalex.org/W2801574653", "https://openalex.org/W2801584653", "https://openalex.org/W2803115431", "https://openalex.org/W2803605856", "https://openalex.org/W2803735436", "https://openalex.org/W2803991144", "https://openalex.org/W2804809875", "https://openalex.org/W2804981481", "https://openalex.org/W2805081264", "https://openalex.org/W2805175178", "https://openalex.org/W2806182013", "https://openalex.org/W2806904536", "https://openalex.org/W2807439699", "https://openalex.org/W2807551379", "https://openalex.org/W2808828695", "https://openalex.org/W2808848509", "https://openalex.org/W2809139847", "https://openalex.org/W2809506543", "https://openalex.org/W2809670021", "https://openalex.org/W2810453571", "https://openalex.org/W2810554630", "https://openalex.org/W2816607594", "https://openalex.org/W2883776127", "https://openalex.org/W2885878610", "https://openalex.org/W2886878416", "https://openalex.org/W2887886759", "https://openalex.org/W2888109941", "https://openalex.org/W2888606687", "https://openalex.org/W2888714402", "https://openalex.org/W2889574849", "https://openalex.org/W2890084868", "https://openalex.org/W2890388788", "https://openalex.org/W2891386968", "https://openalex.org/W2891677153", "https://openalex.org/W2891763711", "https://openalex.org/W2891821958", "https://openalex.org/W2891977477", "https://openalex.org/W2894956427", "https://openalex.org/W2895321679", "https://openalex.org/W2896049517", "https://openalex.org/W2896709460", "https://openalex.org/W2898814090", "https://openalex.org/W2899609120", "https://openalex.org/W2900586747", "https://openalex.org/W2901110287", "https://openalex.org/W2902099293", "https://openalex.org/W2902269261", "https://openalex.org/W2902344618", "https://openalex.org/W2902796352", "https://openalex.org/W2903649658", "https://openalex.org/W2903707757", "https://openalex.org/W2904406414", "https://openalex.org/W2904892509", "https://openalex.org/W2905338839", "https://openalex.org/W2905666732", "https://openalex.org/W2907179845", "https://openalex.org/W2907667791", "https://openalex.org/W2908706888", "https://openalex.org/W2908711986", "https://openalex.org/W2911835428", "https://openalex.org/W2913004087", "https://openalex.org/W2913545871", "https://openalex.org/W2915052547", "https://openalex.org/W2916533817", "https://openalex.org/W2916787787", "https://openalex.org/W2917088308", "https://openalex.org/W2922865870", "https://openalex.org/W2925674589", "https://openalex.org/W2939155052", "https://openalex.org/W2939525019", "https://openalex.org/W2941491348", "https://openalex.org/W2942233810", "https://openalex.org/W2943945575", "https://openalex.org/W2945403051", "https://openalex.org/W2946206200", "https://openalex.org/W2947434510", "https://openalex.org/W2949263306", "https://openalex.org/W2950120187", "https://openalex.org/W2950959318", "https://openalex.org/W2951697899", "https://openalex.org/W2952165706", "https://openalex.org/W2954423127", "https://openalex.org/W2954664426", "https://openalex.org/W2954955569", "https://openalex.org/W2955766967", "https://openalex.org/W2955771241", "https://openalex.org/W2956204178", "https://openalex.org/W2957121425", "https://openalex.org/W2957613877", "https://openalex.org/W2958170787", "https://openalex.org/W2958452288", "https://openalex.org/W2958740673", "https://openalex.org/W2960069250", "https://openalex.org/W2964192320", "https://openalex.org/W2964977587", "https://openalex.org/W2965382638", "https://openalex.org/W2966018205", "https://openalex.org/W2966064220", "https://openalex.org/W2966506527", "https://openalex.org/W2967307231", "https://openalex.org/W2967720691", "https://openalex.org/W2968816262", "https://openalex.org/W2968854388", "https://openalex.org/W2968879538", "https://openalex.org/W2969353819", "https://openalex.org/W2970642377", "https://openalex.org/W2971268498", "https://openalex.org/W2971665593", "https://openalex.org/W2972339980", "https://openalex.org/W2972340928", "https://openalex.org/W2972550101", "https://openalex.org/W2973569033", "https://openalex.org/W2974880751", "https://openalex.org/W2975591033", "https://openalex.org/W2976149155", "https://openalex.org/W2976994648", "https://openalex.org/W2977070890", "https://openalex.org/W2977568232", "https://openalex.org/W2977579781", "https://openalex.org/W2978139916", "https://openalex.org/W2980609230", "https://openalex.org/W2981669967", "https://openalex.org/W2983020220", "https://openalex.org/W2984653098", "https://openalex.org/W2988163959", "https://openalex.org/W2988221736", "https://openalex.org/W2989431324", "https://openalex.org/W2989803300", "https://openalex.org/W2989847465", "https://openalex.org/W2990283477", "https://openalex.org/W2990605642", "https://openalex.org/W2990710927", "https://openalex.org/W2992687253", "https://openalex.org/W2993763175", "https://openalex.org/W2995444605", "https://openalex.org/W2995522041", "https://openalex.org/W2995958784", "https://openalex.org/W2999408882", "https://openalex.org/W3002340625", "https://openalex.org/W3002768791", "https://openalex.org/W3003126813", "https://openalex.org/W3003348589", "https://openalex.org/W3004772961", "https://openalex.org/W3007407510", "https://openalex.org/W3008724693", "https://openalex.org/W3008874451", "https://openalex.org/W3008994271", "https://openalex.org/W3010850830", "https://openalex.org/W3012387835", "https://openalex.org/W3014590589", "https://openalex.org/W3014727914", "https://openalex.org/W3015030798", "https://openalex.org/W3015415357", "https://openalex.org/W3015682198", "https://openalex.org/W3015795170", "https://openalex.org/W3015809619", "https://openalex.org/W3016833507", "https://openalex.org/W3017066579", "https://openalex.org/W3017222569", "https://openalex.org/W3017489731", "https://openalex.org/W3017605837", "https://openalex.org/W3018423233", "https://openalex.org/W3021440585", "https://openalex.org/W3022458826", "https://openalex.org/W3022965290", "https://openalex.org/W3022969277", "https://openalex.org/W3025986385", "https://openalex.org/W3028800027", "https://openalex.org/W3029258438", "https://openalex.org/W3029684493", "https://openalex.org/W3032409589", "https://openalex.org/W3034035730", "https://openalex.org/W3034373367", "https://openalex.org/W3035108630", "https://openalex.org/W3036319245", "https://openalex.org/W3036541334", "https://openalex.org/W3037722837", "https://openalex.org/W3040707082", "https://openalex.org/W3040932193", "https://openalex.org/W3041206456", "https://openalex.org/W3041691365", "https://openalex.org/W3042916504", "https://openalex.org/W3045105376", "https://openalex.org/W3045185600", "https://openalex.org/W3045321711", "https://openalex.org/W3047461264", "https://openalex.org/W3048851923", "https://openalex.org/W3049021859", "https://openalex.org/W3054245704", "https://openalex.org/W3075545458", "https://openalex.org/W3080522122", "https://openalex.org/W3080891263", "https://openalex.org/W3081483134", "https://openalex.org/W3082300378", "https://openalex.org/W3083498466", "https://openalex.org/W3084056592", "https://openalex.org/W3085633039", "https://openalex.org/W3087014339", "https://openalex.org/W3087604987", "https://openalex.org/W3087636483", "https://openalex.org/W3088723136", "https://openalex.org/W3089560203", "https://openalex.org/W3093831449", "https://openalex.org/W3094003854", "https://openalex.org/W3094212051", "https://openalex.org/W3096211470", "https://openalex.org/W3098203388", "https://openalex.org/W3098287426", "https://openalex.org/W3099447764", "https://openalex.org/W3101262183", "https://openalex.org/W3102054150", "https://openalex.org/W3102407952", "https://openalex.org/W3104202969", "https://openalex.org/W3109528011", "https://openalex.org/W3110558114", "https://openalex.org/W3110727448", "https://openalex.org/W3111153115", "https://openalex.org/W3111366224", "https://openalex.org/W3111745425", "https://openalex.org/W3111815842", "https://openalex.org/W3112227450", "https://openalex.org/W3112665924", "https://openalex.org/W3114175353", "https://openalex.org/W3117206779", "https://openalex.org/W3119012617", "https://openalex.org/W3119535577", "https://openalex.org/W3121008421", "https://openalex.org/W3124924082", "https://openalex.org/W3127803717", "https://openalex.org/W3127835931", "https://openalex.org/W3128159127", "https://openalex.org/W3130265077", "https://openalex.org/W3130589561", "https://openalex.org/W3132782516", "https://openalex.org/W3133497460", "https://openalex.org/W3133914183", "https://openalex.org/W3134257467", "https://openalex.org/W3135077758", "https://openalex.org/W3135128169", "https://openalex.org/W3136285704", "https://openalex.org/W3138965819", "https://openalex.org/W3143001828", "https://openalex.org/W3143417524", "https://openalex.org/W3145000295", "https://openalex.org/W3148153035", "https://openalex.org/W3155459584", "https://openalex.org/W3155756166", "https://openalex.org/W3155772018", "https://openalex.org/W3155827963", "https://openalex.org/W3157072550", "https://openalex.org/W3157538097", "https://openalex.org/W3158130207", "https://openalex.org/W3158340479", "https://openalex.org/W3164946289", "https://openalex.org/W3165882235", "https://openalex.org/W3166292103", "https://openalex.org/W3167842833", "https://openalex.org/W3168009682", "https://openalex.org/W3170444971", "https://openalex.org/W3170991037", "https://openalex.org/W3171804290", "https://openalex.org/W3176312517", "https://openalex.org/W3177774876", "https://openalex.org/W3178875152", "https://openalex.org/W3183607983", "https://openalex.org/W3183755466", "https://openalex.org/W3185052184", "https://openalex.org/W3191801814", "https://openalex.org/W3192827693", "https://openalex.org/W3193362593", "https://openalex.org/W3193659330", "https://openalex.org/W3194786616", "https://openalex.org/W3194817846", "https://openalex.org/W3195413001", "https://openalex.org/W3201379615", "https://openalex.org/W4210327135", "https://openalex.org/W4211124276", "https://openalex.org/W4213360791", "https://openalex.org/W4230945993", "https://openalex.org/W4235021740", "https://openalex.org/W4241320250", "https://openalex.org/W4245337313", "https://openalex.org/W4247234299", "https://openalex.org/W4251857280", "https://openalex.org/W4296139870", "https://openalex.org/W4300258114"], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W2326585759", "https://openalex.org/W4312473168", "https://openalex.org/W4211124276", "https://openalex.org/W4312269480", "https://openalex.org/W2791650347", "https://openalex.org/W4211223028", "https://openalex.org/W2055564519", "https://openalex.org/W4300600250", "https://openalex.org/W2806711014", "https://openalex.org/W2415252456"], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Medical": [0], "robots": [1], "are": [2, 105], "invaluable": [3], "players": [4], "in": [5, 42, 81, 101, 112, 150], "non-pharmaceutical": [6], "treatment": [7], "of": [8, 24, 78, 83, 95, 143], "disabilities.": [9], "Particularly,": [10], "using": [11], "prosthetic": [12], "and": [13, 35, 52, 75, 86, 99, 109, 117, 124, 129, 140], "rehabilitation": [14, 84], "devices": [15], "with": [16], "human-machine": [17, 55, 103, 148], "interfaces": [18, 34, 56, 104], "can": [19, 70], "greatly": [20], "improve": [21], "the": [22, 73, 92, 96, 138], "quality": [23], "life": [25], "for": [26], "impaired": [27], "patients.": [28], "In": [29, 89], "recent": [30, 108], "years,": [31], "flexible": [32, 102], "electronic": [33], "soft": [36, 58, 126], "robotics": [37, 59, 80], "have": [38], "attracted": [39], "tremendous": [40], "attention": [41], "this": [43, 90], "field": [44], "due": [45], "to": [46, 65], "their": [47], "high": [48], "biocompatibility,": [49], "functionality,": [50], "conformability,": [51], "low-cost.": [53], "Flexible": [54], "on": [57], "will": [60], "make": [61], "a": [62, 147], "promising": [63], "alternative": [64], "conventional": [66], "rigid": [67], "devices,": [68], "which": [69], "potentially": [71], "revolutionize": [72], "paradigm": [74], "future": [76], "direction": [77], "medical": [79, 151], "terms": [82], "feedback": [85, 130], "user": [87], "experience.": [88], "review,": [91], "fundamental": [93], "components": [94], "materials,": [97], "structures,": [98], "mechanisms": [100], "summarized": [106], "by": [107, 136], "renowned": [110], "applications": [111], "five": [113], "primary": [114], "areas:": [115], "physical": [116], "chemical": [118], "sensing,": [119], "physiological": [120], "recording,": [121], "information": [122], "processing": [123], "communication,": [125], "robotic": [127], "actuation,": [128], "stimulation.": [131], "This": [132], "review": [133], "further": [134], "concludes": [135], "discussing": [137], "outlook": [139], "current": [141], "challenges": [142], "these": [144], "technologies": [145], "as": [146], "interface": [149], "robotics.": [152]}, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 88}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 160}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 168}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 138}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 42}], "updated_date": "2026-09-11T09:22:31.653822", "created_date": "2025-10-10T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W3020855431", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2020.107776", "title": "Industry 4.0 technologies assessment: A sustainability perspective", "display_name": "Industry 4.0 technologies assessment: A sustainability perspective", "relevance_score": 334.78906, "publication_year": 2020, "publication_date": "2020-05-06", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W3020855431", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2020.107776", "mag": "3020855431"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2020.107776", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2020.107776", "pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925527320301559?via%3Dihub", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S184816971", "display_name": "International Journal of Production Economics", "issn_l": "0925-5273", "issn": ["0925-5273", "1873-7579"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "International Journal of Production Economics", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "type": "article", "indexed_in": ["crossref"], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "hybrid", "oa_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925527320301559?via%3Dihub", "any_repository_has_fulltext": true}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5072097480", "display_name": "Chunguang Bai", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9461-1632"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I150229711", "display_name": "University of Electronic Science and Technology of China", "ror": "https://ror.org/04qr3zq92", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Chunguang Bai", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Management and Economics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xiyuan Ave, West Hi-Tech Zone, 611731, Chengdu, PR China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Management and Economics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xiyuan Ave, West Hi-Tech Zone, 611731, Chengdu, PR China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5043606251", "display_name": "Patrick Dallasega", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6120-8620"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I171543936", "display_name": "Free University of Bozen-Bolzano", "ror": "https://ror.org/012ajp527", "country_code": "IT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I171543936"]}], "countries": ["IT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Patrick Dallasega", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Universit\u00e0 5, 39100, Bolzano, Italy"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Universit\u00e0 5, 39100, Bolzano, Italy", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I171543936"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5086620772", "display_name": "Guido Orzes", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7740-3885"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I171543936", "display_name": "Free University of Bozen-Bolzano", "ror": "https://ror.org/012ajp527", "country_code": "IT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I171543936"]}], "countries": ["IT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Guido Orzes", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Universit\u00e0 5, 39100, Bolzano, Italy"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Universit\u00e0 5, 39100, Bolzano, Italy", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I171543936"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5088407334", "display_name": "Joseph Sarkis", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0143-804X"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I107077323", "display_name": "Worcester Polytechnic Institute", "ror": "https://ror.org/05ejpqr48", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I5085271", "display_name": "Hanken School of Economics", "ror": "https://ror.org/026086s92", "country_code": "FI", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I5085271"]}], "countries": ["FI", "US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Joseph Sarkis", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Foisie Business School, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA, 01609-2280, USA", "The Humlog Institute, Hanken School of Economics, Helsinki, Finland"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Foisie Business School, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA, 01609-2280, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "The Humlog Institute, Hanken School of Economics, Helsinki, Finland", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I5085271"]}]}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 4, "institutions_distinct_count": 4, "corresponding_author_ids": ["https://openalex.org/A5072097480"], "corresponding_institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I150229711"], "apc_list": {"value": 2100, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 2100}, "apc_paid": {"value": 2100, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 2100}, "fwci": 108.8799, "has_fulltext": true, "cited_by_count": 1408, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 0.99987852, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 99, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": "229", "issue": null, "first_page": "107776", "last_page": "107776"}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10763", "display_name": "Digital Transformation in Industry", "score": 0.9979000091552734, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2209", "display_name": "Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10763", "display_name": "Digital Transformation in Industry", "score": 0.9979000091552734, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2209", "display_name": "Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10539", "display_name": "Sustainable Supply Chain Management", "score": 0.9969000220298767, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1408", "display_name": "Strategy and Management"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/14", "display_name": "Business, Management and Accounting"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12238", "display_name": "Green IT and Sustainability", "score": 0.9559000134468079, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2208", "display_name": "Electrical and Electronic Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainability", "display_name": "Sustainability", "score": 0.816954493522644}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-industry", "display_name": "Automotive industry", "score": 0.5681155920028687}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/business", "display_name": "Business", "score": 0.5159524083137512}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/emerging-technologies", "display_name": "Emerging technologies", "score": 0.5068216919898987}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/social-sustainability", "display_name": "Social sustainability", "score": 0.4929063320159912}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/investment", "display_name": "Investment (military)", "score": 0.45992594957351685}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-development", "display_name": "Sustainable development", "score": 0.45339420437812805}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/industry-4.0", "display_name": "Industry 4.0", "score": 0.44019946455955505}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-economics", "display_name": "Environmental economics", "score": 0.4355059564113617}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science", "display_name": "Computer science", "score": 0.2897142171859741}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/economics", "display_name": "Economics", "score": 0.24144017696380615}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering", "display_name": "Engineering", "score": 0.16576871275901794}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C66204764", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416", "display_name": "Sustainability", "level": 2, "score": 0.816954493522644}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C526921623", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190117", "display_name": "Automotive industry", "level": 2, "score": 0.5681155920028687}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453", "display_name": "Business", "level": 0, "score": 0.5159524083137512}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C207267971", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120208", "display_name": "Emerging technologies", "level": 2, "score": 0.5068216919898987}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C52407799", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q594912", "display_name": "Social sustainability", "level": 3, "score": 0.4929063320159912}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C27548731", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272", "display_name": "Investment (military)", "level": 3, "score": 0.45992594957351685}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C552854447", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201", "display_name": "Sustainable development", "level": 2, "score": 0.45339420437812805}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777986313", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1661989", "display_name": "Industry 4.0", "level": 2, "score": 0.44019946455955505}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C134560507", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291", "display_name": "Environmental economics", "level": 1, "score": 0.4355059564113617}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198", "display_name": "Computer science", "level": 0, "score": 0.2897142171859741}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134", "display_name": "Economics", "level": 0, "score": 0.24144017696380615}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023", "display_name": "Engineering", "level": 0, "score": 0.16576871275901794}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C146978453", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668", "display_name": "Aerospace engineering", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C149635348", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040", "display_name": "Embedded system", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163", "display_name": "Politics", "level": 2, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748", "display_name": "Law", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420", "display_name": "Biology", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442", "display_name": "Political science", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150", "display_name": "Ecology", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}], "mesh": [], "locations_count": 4, "locations": [{"id": "doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2020.107776", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2020.107776", "pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925527320301559?via%3Dihub", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S184816971", "display_name": "International Journal of Production Economics", "issn_l": "0925-5273", "issn": ["0925-5273", "1873-7579"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "International Journal of Production Economics", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10227/357811", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://hdl.handle.net/10227/357811", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210213322", "display_name": "Ty\u00f6v\u00e4entutkimus Vuosikirja", "issn_l": "0784-1272", "issn": ["0784-1272", "1459-7780"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "Article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:unibz.it:11235050180001241", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925527320301559", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210197018", "display_name": "Open Research (University of Surrey)", "issn_l": "2688-268X", "issn": ["2688-268X", "2688-3988"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320595", "host_organization_name": "Wiley", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Wiley"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "", "raw_type": "text"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:zenodo.org:139699", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://www.openaccessrepository.it/record/139699", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402478", "display_name": "INFM-OAR (INFN Catania)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I4210116497", "host_organization_name": "Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210116497"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "", "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2020.107776", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2020.107776", "pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925527320301559?via%3Dihub", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S184816971", "display_name": "International Journal of Production Economics", "issn_l": "0925-5273", "issn": ["0925-5273", "1873-7579"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "International Journal of Production Economics", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [{"score": 0.5099999904632568, "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9", "display_name": "Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}], "awards": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/G3052069031", "display_name": "\u7eff\u8272\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u73af\u5883\u6295\u5165\u534f\u4f5c\u5f71\u54cd\u673a\u5236\u53ca\u51b3\u7b56\u4f18\u5316\u7814\u7a76", "funder_award_id": "71472031", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320321001", "funder_display_name": "National Natural Science Foundation of China"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G434337789", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "HORIZON2020", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320320300", "funder_display_name": "European Commission"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G4428978502", "display_name": "Industry 4.0 for SMEs - Smart Manufacturing and Logistics for SMEs in an X-to-order and Mass Customization Environment", "funder_award_id": "734713", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320320300", "funder_display_name": "European Commission"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G5769403022", "display_name": "\u57fa\u4e8e\u5173\u7cfb\u89c2\u7684\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u6210\u957f\u5bf9\u5173\u7cfb\u7ee9\u6548\u4f5c\u7528\u673a\u5236\u7814\u7a76", "funder_award_id": "71772032", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320321001", "funder_display_name": "National Natural Science Foundation of China"}], "funders": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320320300", "display_name": "European Commission", "ror": "https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320321001", "display_name": "National Natural Science Foundation of China", "ror": "https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320332999", "display_name": "Horizon 2020 Framework Programme", "ror": "https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": true, "pdf": true}, "content_urls": {"pdf": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W3020855431.pdf", "grobid_xml": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W3020855431.grobid-xml"}, "referenced_works_count": 74, "referenced_works": ["https://openalex.org/W1603615569", "https://openalex.org/W1969324951", "https://openalex.org/W1984070048", "https://openalex.org/W1984502995", "https://openalex.org/W1997453856", "https://openalex.org/W2012189032", "https://openalex.org/W2014939786", "https://openalex.org/W2025421307", "https://openalex.org/W2041946752", "https://openalex.org/W2054592136", "https://openalex.org/W2065109455", "https://openalex.org/W2073122003", "https://openalex.org/W2116365436", "https://openalex.org/W2121519719", "https://openalex.org/W2167967165", "https://openalex.org/W2176008306", "https://openalex.org/W2256347405", "https://openalex.org/W2303531378", "https://openalex.org/W2338661252", "https://openalex.org/W2479794335", "https://openalex.org/W2530232445", "https://openalex.org/W2567052792", "https://openalex.org/W2596824235", "https://openalex.org/W2603008685", "https://openalex.org/W2605706708", "https://openalex.org/W2606213502", "https://openalex.org/W2607075461", "https://openalex.org/W2613375872", "https://openalex.org/W2626679805", "https://openalex.org/W2729546405", "https://openalex.org/W2737940375", "https://openalex.org/W2745580547", "https://openalex.org/W2760676930", "https://openalex.org/W2760992302", "https://openalex.org/W2769235293", "https://openalex.org/W2770889229", "https://openalex.org/W2772569019", "https://openalex.org/W2776580467", "https://openalex.org/W2779495827", "https://openalex.org/W2782363741", "https://openalex.org/W2786624683", "https://openalex.org/W2789444712", "https://openalex.org/W2792445274", "https://openalex.org/W2796035430", "https://openalex.org/W2801978012", "https://openalex.org/W2805930386", "https://openalex.org/W2806407311", "https://openalex.org/W2884893175", "https://openalex.org/W2888648656", "https://openalex.org/W2896113007", "https://openalex.org/W2898069736", "https://openalex.org/W2908815325", "https://openalex.org/W2911351596", "https://openalex.org/W2921487432", "https://openalex.org/W2922465823", "https://openalex.org/W2938049237", "https://openalex.org/W2963003072", "https://openalex.org/W2964358241", "https://openalex.org/W3000356754", "https://openalex.org/W3143689354", "https://openalex.org/W4237180559", "https://openalex.org/W4243120623", "https://openalex.org/W4299947405", "https://openalex.org/W4300719954", "https://openalex.org/W4379364129", "https://openalex.org/W6635847566", "https://openalex.org/W6654157452", "https://openalex.org/W6677627226", "https://openalex.org/W6678291489", "https://openalex.org/W6728201547", "https://openalex.org/W6736418005", "https://openalex.org/W6747722144", "https://openalex.org/W6755652835", "https://openalex.org/W6766423684"], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W4382644535", "https://openalex.org/W2522768275", "https://openalex.org/W2352938035", "https://openalex.org/W2351672553", "https://openalex.org/W2373392303", "https://openalex.org/W2765894405", "https://openalex.org/W1884735063", "https://openalex.org/W2372668238", "https://openalex.org/W2560421750", "https://openalex.org/W4205584165"], "abstract_inverted_index": {"The": [0, 150], "fourth": [1], "industrial": [2], "revolution,": [3], "also": [4, 29, 103], "labelled": [5], "Industry": [6, 45, 70, 124, 199], "4.0,": [7], "was": [8], "beget": [9], "with": [10], "emergent": [11], "and": [12, 15, 37, 77, 99, 117, 132, 165, 170, 183, 185, 188, 222, 234], "disruptive": [13], "intelligence": [14], "information": [16, 141], "technologies.": [17], "These": [18], "new": [19], "technologies": [20, 47, 72, 126, 228], "are": [21], "enabling": [22], "ever-higher": [23], "levels": [24], "of": [25, 75, 145, 198], "production": [26], "efficiencies.": [27], "They": [28], "have": [30, 172], "the": [31, 59, 89, 136, 146, 157, 173, 179], "potential": [32], "to": [33, 43, 49, 195, 203, 211], "dramatically": [34], "influence": [35, 220], "social": [36, 100], "environmental": [38, 98], "sustainable": [39, 130], "development.": [40], "Organizations": [41], "need": [42], "consider": [44, 230], "4.0": [46, 71, 125, 200], "contribution": [48], "sustainability.": [50], "Sufficient": [51], "guidance,": [52], "in": [53, 58, 73, 162, 178, 226], "this": [54, 65], "respect,": [55], "is": [56, 194], "lacking": [57], "scholarly": [60], "or": [61], "practitioner": [62], "literature.": [63], "In": [64], "study,": [66], "we": [67], "further": [68], "examine": [69], "terms": [74], "application": [76], "sustainability": [78, 86, 161, 177, 205, 223], "implications.": [79], "We": [80, 102, 134], "introduce": [81], "a": [82, 105, 143], "measures": [83], "framework": [84], "for": [85], "based": [87, 127], "on": [88, 128, 160, 176], "United": [90], "Nations": [91], "Sustainable": [92], "Development": [93], "Goals;": [94], "incorporating": [95], "various": [96], "economic,": [97], "attributes.": [101], "develop": [104], "hybrid": [106], "multi-situation": [107], "decision": [108], "method": [109, 120, 137], "integrating": [110], "hesitant": [111], "fuzzy": [112], "set,": [113], "cumulative": [114], "prospect": [115], "theory": [116], "VIKOR.": [118], "This": [119], "can": [121], "effectively": [122], "evaluate": [123], "their": [129], "performance": [131], "application.": [133], "apply": [135], "using": [138], "secondary": [139], "case": [140], "from": [142], "report": [144], "World": [147], "Economic": [148], "Forum.": [149], "results": [151], "show": [152], "that": [153], "mobile": [154, 167], "technology": [155, 201, 209, 217], "has": [156], "greatest": [158], "impact": [159, 175, 206], "all": [163], "industries,": [164, 190], "nanotechnology,": [166], "technology,": [168], "simulation": [169], "drones": [171], "highest": [174], "automotive,": [180], "electronics,": [181], "food": [182], "beverage,": [184], "textile,": [186], "apparel": [187], "footwear": [189], "respectively.": [191], "Our": [192], "recommendation": [193], "take": [196], "advantage": [197], "adoption": [202], "improve": [204], "but": [207], "each": [208], "needs": [210], "be": [212], "carefully": [213], "evaluated": [214], "as": [215], "specific": [216], "will": [218], "variably": [219], "industry": [221], "dimensions.": [224], "Investment": [225], "such": [227], "should": [229], "appropriate": [231], "priority": [232], "investment": [233], "championing.": [235]}, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 128}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 274}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 326}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 301}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 254}, {"year": 2021, "cited_by_count": 107}, {"year": 2020, "cited_by_count": 18}], "updated_date": "2026-09-11T09:22:31.653822", "created_date": "2020-05-13T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4322576964", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2023.3249835", "title": "On the Road to 6G: Visions, Requirements, Key Technologies, and Testbeds", "display_name": "On the Road to 6G: Visions, Requirements, Key Technologies, and Testbeds", "relevance_score": 330.62222, "publication_year": 2023, "publication_date": "2023-01-01", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W4322576964", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2023.3249835"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1109/comst.2023.3249835", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2023.3249835", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S23688054", "display_name": "IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials", "issn_l": "1553-877X", "issn": ["1553-877X", "2373-745X"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319808", "host_organization_name": "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "type": "article", "indexed_in": ["crossref"], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "green", "oa_url": "https://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1775943/FULLTEXT01", "any_repository_has_fulltext": true}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100779393", "display_name": "Cheng\u2010Xiang Wang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9729-9592"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Cheng-Xiang Wang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China", "Purple Mountain Laboratories (China)"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9729-9592", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories (China)", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5072916702", "display_name": "Xiaohu You", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0809-8511"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Xiaohu You", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China", "Purple Mountain Laboratories (China)"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0809-8511", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories (China)", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5050692023", "display_name": "Xiqi Gao", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9107-6593"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Xiqi Gao", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China", "Purple Mountain Laboratories (China)"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9107-6593", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories (China)", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5073575641", "display_name": "Xiuming Zhu", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3827-1223"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Xiuming Zhu", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China", "Purple Mountain Laboratories (China)"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3827-1223", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories (China)", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5018592150", "display_name": "Zixin Li", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0783-0299"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Zixin Li", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China", "Purple Mountain Laboratories (China)"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories (China)", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100380082", "display_name": "Chuan Zhang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7736-6487"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Chuan Zhang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China", "Purple Mountain Laboratories (China)"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7736-6487", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories (China)", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100603995", "display_name": "Haiming Wang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6156-258X"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Haiming Wang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Pervasive Communication Research Center, Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China", "SEU - Nanjing Southeast University (China)"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6156-258X", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Pervasive Communication Research Center, Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "SEU - Nanjing Southeast University (China)", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5056225611", "display_name": "Yongming Huang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3616-4616"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210155350", "display_name": "Purple Mountain Laboratories", "ror": "https://ror.org/04zcbk583", "country_code": "CN", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Yongming Huang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China", "Purple Mountain Laboratories (China)"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3616-4616", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Purple Mountain Laboratories (China)", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5102013387", "display_name": "Yunfei Chen", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8083-1805"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I190082696", "display_name": "Durham University", "ror": "https://ror.org/01v29qb04", "country_code": "GB", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I190082696"]}], "countries": ["GB"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Yunfei Chen", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Engineering, University of Durham, Durham, U.K", "Department of Engineering, University of Durham (United Kingdom)"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8083-1805", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Engineering, University of Durham, Durham, U.K", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I190082696"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Engineering, University of Durham (United Kingdom)", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I190082696"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5074320996", "display_name": "Harald Haas", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9705-2701"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I181647926", "display_name": "University of Strathclyde", "ror": "https://ror.org/00n3w3b69", "country_code": "GB", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}], "countries": ["GB"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Harald Haas", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, LiFi Research and Development Center, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, U.K"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9705-2701", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, LiFi Research and Development Center, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, U.K", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5061430082", "display_name": "John Thompson", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4605-9708"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I98677209", "display_name": "University of Edinburgh", "ror": "https://ror.org/01nrxwf90", "country_code": "GB", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}], "countries": ["GB"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "John S. Thompson", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Institute for Digital Communications, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4605-9708", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Institute for Digital Communications, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5043552696", "display_name": "Erik G. Larsson", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7599-4367"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I102134673", "display_name": "Link\u00f6ping University", "ror": "https://ror.org/05ynxx418", "country_code": "SE", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}], "countries": ["SE"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Erik G. Larsson", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Electrical Engineering (ISY), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7599-4367", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Electrical Engineering (ISY), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5081612175", "display_name": "Marco Di Renzo", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0772-8793"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I1294671590", "display_name": "Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique", "ror": "https://ror.org/02feahw73", "country_code": "FR", "type": "government", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210097418", "display_name": "Laboratoire des signaux et syst\u00e8mes", "ror": "https://ror.org/00skw9v43", "country_code": "FR", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1294671590", "https://openalex.org/I277688954", "https://openalex.org/I277688954", "https://openalex.org/I4210097418", "https://openalex.org/I4210107720"]}], "countries": ["FR"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Marco Di Renzo", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire des Signaux et Systèmes, Gif-sur-Yvette, France"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0772-8793", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire des Signaux et Systèmes, Gif-sur-Yvette, France", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I1294671590", "https://openalex.org/I4210097418"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5028423074", "display_name": "Wen Tong", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210115038", "display_name": "Huawei Technologies (Canada)", "ror": "https://ror.org/026venb53", "country_code": "CA", "type": "company", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I2250955327", "https://openalex.org/I4210115038"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Wen Tong", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Wireless Advanced System and Competency Centre, HUAWEI Technologies Canada Company Ltd., Ottawa, ON, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Wireless Advanced System and Competency Centre, HUAWEI Technologies Canada Company Ltd., Ottawa, ON, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210115038"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5102496658", "display_name": "Peiying Zhu", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8801-3206"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210115038", "display_name": "Huawei Technologies (Canada)", "ror": "https://ror.org/026venb53", "country_code": "CA", "type": "company", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I2250955327", "https://openalex.org/I4210115038"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Peiying Zhu", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Wireless Technology Lab, HUAWEI Technologies Canada Company Ltd., Ottawa, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Wireless Technology Lab, HUAWEI Technologies Canada Company Ltd., Ottawa, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210115038"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100773343", "display_name": "Xuemin Shen", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4140-287X"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I151746483", "display_name": "University of Waterloo", "ror": "https://ror.org/01aff2v68", "country_code": "CA", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Xuemin Shen", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada", "University of Waterloo [Waterloo] (200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1 - Canada)"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4140-287X", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Waterloo [Waterloo] (200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1 - Canada)", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5042307561", "display_name": "H. Vincent Poor", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2062-131X"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I20089843", "display_name": "Princeton University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00hx57361", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "H. Vincent Poor", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2062-131X", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5091122305", "display_name": "Lajos Hanzo", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2636-5214"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I43439940", "display_name": "University of Southampton", "ror": "https://ror.org/01ryk1543", "country_code": "GB", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}], "countries": ["GB"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Lajos Hanzo", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2636-5214", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 6, "institutions_distinct_count": 12, "corresponding_author_ids": [], "corresponding_institution_ids": [], "apc_list": {"value": 2345, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 2345}, "apc_paid": null, "fwci": 182.6641, "has_fulltext": true, "cited_by_count": 2253, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 1.0, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 89, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": "25", "issue": "2", "first_page": "905", "last_page": "974"}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11458", "display_name": "Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies", "score": 1.0, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2208", "display_name": "Electrical and Electronic Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11458", "display_name": "Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies", "score": 1.0, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2208", "display_name": "Electrical and Electronic Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11392", "display_name": "Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks", "score": 0.9980000257492065, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2208", "display_name": "Electrical and Electronic Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10207", "display_name": "Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques", "score": 0.9972000122070312, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1312", "display_name": "Molecular Biology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/13", "display_name": "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/1", "display_name": "Life Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/key", "display_name": "Key (lock)", "score": 0.7091085910797119}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment", "display_name": "Software deployment", "score": 0.5442122220993042}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science", "display_name": "Computer science", "score": 0.5178163647651672}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications", "display_name": "Telecommunications", "score": 0.47168901562690735}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/white-paper", "display_name": "White paper", "score": 0.458006352186203}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture", "display_name": "Architecture", "score": 0.45605629682540894}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/vision", "display_name": "Vision", "score": 0.4358532130718231}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security", "display_name": "Computer security", "score": 0.27769291400909424}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering", "display_name": "Software engineering", "score": 0.10168677568435669}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C26517878", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039", "display_name": "Key (lock)", "level": 2, "score": 0.7091085910797119}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C105339364", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740", "display_name": "Software deployment", "level": 2, "score": 0.5442122220993042}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198", "display_name": "Computer science", "level": 0, "score": 0.5178163647651672}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C76155785", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418", "display_name": "Telecommunications", "level": 1, "score": 0.47168901562690735}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778605646", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223729", "display_name": "White paper", "level": 2, "score": 0.458006352186203}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C123657996", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271", "display_name": "Architecture", "level": 2, "score": 0.45605629682540894}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C133979268", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1682108", "display_name": "Vision", "level": 2, "score": 0.4358532130718231}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521", "display_name": "Computer security", "level": 1, "score": 0.27769291400909424}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C115903868", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993", "display_name": "Software engineering", "level": 1, "score": 0.10168677568435669}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C153349607", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649", "display_name": "Visual arts", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C27206212", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178", "display_name": "Theology", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891", "display_name": "Philosophy", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735", "display_name": "Art", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309", "display_name": "History", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498", "display_name": "Archaeology", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}], "mesh": [], "locations_count": 9, "locations": [{"id": "doi:10.1109/comst.2023.3249835", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2023.3249835", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S23688054", "display_name": "IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials", "issn_l": "1553-877X", "issn": ["1553-877X", "2373-745X"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319808", "host_organization_name": "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:strathprints.strath.ac.uk:84678", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/view/author/1042920.html>", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402226", "display_name": "Strathprints: The University of Strathclyde institutional repository (University of Strathclyde)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I181647926", "host_organization_name": "University of Strathclyde", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I181647926"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "acceptedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "Article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:DiVA.org:liu-195798", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-195798", "pdf_url": "https://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1775943/FULLTEXT01", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400838", "display_name": "DiVA (Linkoping University)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I102134673", "host_organization_name": "Link\u00f6ping University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I102134673"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "other-oa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:dro.dur.ac.uk.OAI2:38121", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://dro.dur.ac.uk/38121/1/38121.pdf", "pdf_url": "https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/preview/1180102/38121.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400188", "display_name": "Durham Research Online (Durham University)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I190082696", "host_organization_name": "Durham University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I190082696"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 2023 [Peer Reviewed Journal]", "raw_type": "Article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:durham-repository.worktribe.com:1180031", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1180031", "pdf_url": "https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/file/1180031/1/Accepted%20Journal%20Article", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400188", "display_name": "Durham Research Online (Durham University)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I190082696", "host_organization_name": "Durham University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I190082696"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "Journal Article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:475695", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2023.3249835>).", "pdf_url": "https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/475695/1/lajos_5_.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401019", "display_name": "ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I43439940", "host_organization_name": "University of Southampton", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I43439940"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "Article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:HAL:hal-04261267v1", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://hal.science/hal-04261267", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402512", "display_name": "HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1294671590", "host_organization_name": "Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "Communications Surveys and Tutorials, IEEE Communications Society, 2023, 25 (2), pp.905-974. ⟨10.1109/COMST.2023.3249835⟩", "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:HAL:hal-04738792v1", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://hal.science/hal-04738792", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402512", "display_name": "HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1294671590", "host_organization_name": "Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "other-oa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "Communications Surveys and Tutorials, IEEE Communications Society, 2023, 25 (2), pp.905-974. ⟨10.1109/COMST.2023.3249835⟩", "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:pure.ed.ac.uk:openaire/0828f169-e585-4c42-8815-80d2b30ca49a", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/files/332247594/COMST_00431_2022.R1_Accept_v4_230214.pdf", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400321", "display_name": "Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I98677209", "host_organization_name": "University of Edinburgh", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I98677209"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "other-oa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "Wang, C-X, You, X, Gao, X, Zhu, X, Li, Z, Zhang, C, Wang, H, Huang, Y, Chen, Y, Haas, H, Thompson, J, Larsson, E, Renzo, M D, Tong, W, Zhu, P, Shen, X, Poor, V & Hanzo, L 2023, 'On the Road to 6G: Visions, Requirements, Key Technologies and Testbeds', IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 905-974. https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2023.3249835", "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "pmh:oai:DiVA.org:liu-195798", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-195798", "pdf_url": "https://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1775943/FULLTEXT01", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400838", "display_name": "DiVA (Linkoping University)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I102134673", "host_organization_name": "Link\u00f6ping University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I102134673"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "other-oa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [{"score": 0.5099999904632568, "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9", "display_name": "Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}], "awards": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/G1131370387", "display_name": "UKRI-India Future Networks Initiative", "funder_award_id": "EP/W016605/1", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320334627", "funder_display_name": "Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G1389156122", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "872172", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320332999", "funder_display_name": "Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G1471839284", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "EP/W016605/1", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320334627", "funder_display_name": "Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G1575861119", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "871464", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320332999", "funder_display_name": "Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G1742757958", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "1908308", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320321001", "funder_display_name": "National Natural Science Foundation of China"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G2394373749", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "789028", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320334678", "funder_display_name": "European Research Council"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G2490835098", "display_name": "Pervasive Wireless Intelligence Beyond the Generations (PerCom)", "funder_award_id": "EP/X01228X/1", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320334627", "funder_display_name": "Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G2544329817", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "789028", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320334627", "funder_display_name": "Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G2734937587", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "61960206006", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320321001", "funder_display_name": "National Natural Science Foundation of China"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G3504475426", "display_name": "NSF-BSF:CIF: Small:  A Unified View of Estimation and Information Relationships for Networks and Beyond", "funder_award_id": "1908308", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320306076", "funder_display_name": "National Science Foundation"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G3704888824", "display_name": "Collaborative Research: SWIFT: Nonlinear and Inseparable Radar And Data (NIRAD) Transmission Framework for Pareto Efficient Spectrum Access in Future Wireless Networks", "funder_award_id": "2128448", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320306076", "funder_display_name": "National Science Foundation"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G4617449541", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "EP/R007101/1", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320334627", "funder_display_name": "Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G5045220161", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "H2020", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320334627", "funder_display_name": "Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G5186004268", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "2018YF-B1801101", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320335777", "funder_display_name": "National Key Research and Development Program of China"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G5921235816", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "BE2022067", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320321001", "funder_display_name": "National Natural Science Foundation of China"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G646053297", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "62122020", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320321001", "funder_display_name": "National Natural Science Foundation of China"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G6495392424", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "/W016605/1", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320334627", "funder_display_name": "Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G8269789390", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "EP/X01228X/1", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320334627", "funder_display_name": "Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G8503313810", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "EP/R007101/2", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320334627", "funder_display_name": "Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G98633222", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "101017011", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320332999", "funder_display_name": "Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"}], "funders": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320306076", "display_name": "National Science Foundation", "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320321001", "display_name": "National Natural Science Foundation of China", "ror": "https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320332999", "display_name": "Horizon 2020 Framework Programme", "ror": "https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320334627", "display_name": "Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council", "ror": "https://ror.org/0439y7842"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320334678", "display_name": "European Research Council", "ror": "https://ror.org/0472cxd90"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320335777", "display_name": "National Key Research and Development Program of China", "ror": null}], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": true, "pdf": true}, "content_urls": {"pdf": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W4322576964.pdf", "grobid_xml": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W4322576964.grobid-xml"}, "referenced_works_count": 575, "referenced_works": ["https://openalex.org/W1501488688", "https://openalex.org/W1518945650", "https://openalex.org/W1552533114", "https://openalex.org/W1637457762", "https://openalex.org/W1860498259", "https://openalex.org/W1975136868", "https://openalex.org/W1975147464", "https://openalex.org/W1987380770", "https://openalex.org/W1991892445", "https://openalex.org/W1995875735", "https://openalex.org/W2001722583", "https://openalex.org/W2018667077", "https://openalex.org/W2023535408", "https://openalex.org/W2027563534", "https://openalex.org/W2033629530", "https://openalex.org/W2038854086", "https://openalex.org/W2040824660", "https://openalex.org/W2042563853", "https://openalex.org/W2044220969", "https://openalex.org/W2054156589", "https://openalex.org/W2056384400", "https://openalex.org/W2061992737", "https://openalex.org/W2064982859", "https://openalex.org/W2071707134", "https://openalex.org/W2074011868", "https://openalex.org/W2082181414", "https://openalex.org/W2082432933", "https://openalex.org/W2083058703", "https://openalex.org/W2085648864", "https://openalex.org/W2088719955", "https://openalex.org/W2089194229", "https://openalex.org/W2094055587", "https://openalex.org/W2103636079", "https://openalex.org/W2104074482", "https://openalex.org/W2106045225", "https://openalex.org/W2112772743", "https://openalex.org/W2116334496", "https://openalex.org/W2118764568", "https://openalex.org/W2119725217", "https://openalex.org/W2119952207", "https://openalex.org/W2120357277", "https://openalex.org/W2121606987", "https://openalex.org/W2121607567", "https://openalex.org/W2125930644", "https://openalex.org/W2128765501", "https://openalex.org/W2133249991", "https://openalex.org/W2137813581", "https://openalex.org/W2141623362", "https://openalex.org/W2142511915", "https://openalex.org/W2145377142", "https://openalex.org/W2147601077", "https://openalex.org/W2147768505", "https://openalex.org/W2150179603", "https://openalex.org/W2150498905", "https://openalex.org/W2154310679", "https://openalex.org/W2156826724", "https://openalex.org/W2157550240", "https://openalex.org/W2167230435", "https://openalex.org/W2193279092", "https://openalex.org/W2205821735", "https://openalex.org/W2206128797", "https://openalex.org/W2259391824", "https://openalex.org/W2286275639", "https://openalex.org/W2298665881", "https://openalex.org/W2319812433", "https://openalex.org/W2323702888", "https://openalex.org/W2344555256", "https://openalex.org/W2398409936", "https://openalex.org/W2404106726", "https://openalex.org/W2468061024", "https://openalex.org/W2482657654", "https://openalex.org/W2505036611", "https://openalex.org/W2526826654", "https://openalex.org/W2528345145", "https://openalex.org/W2531399364", "https://openalex.org/W2534898091", "https://openalex.org/W2559402894", "https://openalex.org/W2562947506", "https://openalex.org/W2580913414", "https://openalex.org/W2584398835", "https://openalex.org/W2586726222", "https://openalex.org/W2590141315", "https://openalex.org/W2593893328", "https://openalex.org/W2605157201", "https://openalex.org/W2608932662", "https://openalex.org/W2612074600", "https://openalex.org/W2616867685", "https://openalex.org/W2619775665", "https://openalex.org/W2623771013", "https://openalex.org/W2624922208", "https://openalex.org/W2626353086", "https://openalex.org/W2626574340", "https://openalex.org/W2730152401", "https://openalex.org/W2734408173", "https://openalex.org/W2736068844", "https://openalex.org/W2739778833", "https://openalex.org/W2742221364", "https://openalex.org/W2742922002", "https://openalex.org/W2744485539", "https://openalex.org/W2761694337", "https://openalex.org/W2765932345", "https://openalex.org/W2766854819", "https://openalex.org/W2768491603", "https://openalex.org/W2770769351", "https://openalex.org/W2773319902", "https://openalex.org/W2777781531", "https://openalex.org/W2779826371", "https://openalex.org/W2780671913", "https://openalex.org/W2781218194", "https://openalex.org/W2782637457", "https://openalex.org/W2783147858", "https://openalex.org/W2784210264", "https://openalex.org/W2788163338", "https://openalex.org/W2793190854", "https://openalex.org/W2793519446", "https://openalex.org/W2796830815", "https://openalex.org/W2797227322", "https://openalex.org/W2798242815", "https://openalex.org/W2804961103", "https://openalex.org/W2805413066", "https://openalex.org/W2806074868", "https://openalex.org/W2811124737", "https://openalex.org/W2860744300", "https://openalex.org/W2869021083", "https://openalex.org/W2883053505", "https://openalex.org/W2883360195", "https://openalex.org/W2884159541", "https://openalex.org/W2885828982", "https://openalex.org/W2886485362", "https://openalex.org/W2886957122", "https://openalex.org/W2887019724", "https://openalex.org/W2890389408", "https://openalex.org/W2891564944", "https://openalex.org/W2892087886", "https://openalex.org/W2892746365", "https://openalex.org/W2893836673", "https://openalex.org/W2894383926", "https://openalex.org/W2894866963", "https://openalex.org/W2896407304", "https://openalex.org/W2898035736", "https://openalex.org/W2898104747", "https://openalex.org/W2898651926", "https://openalex.org/W2898694298", "https://openalex.org/W2898754723", "https://openalex.org/W2900490252", "https://openalex.org/W2902157096", "https://openalex.org/W2902808022", "https://openalex.org/W2903749698", "https://openalex.org/W2905387212", "https://openalex.org/W2907863608", "https://openalex.org/W2909251905", "https://openalex.org/W2909576504", "https://openalex.org/W2911121781", "https://openalex.org/W2911218692", "https://openalex.org/W2911388364", "https://openalex.org/W2913091928", "https://openalex.org/W2913285031", "https://openalex.org/W2913967580", "https://openalex.org/W2914462121", "https://openalex.org/W2914876238", "https://openalex.org/W2915905517", "https://openalex.org/W2916777718", "https://openalex.org/W2916912583", "https://openalex.org/W2917520730", "https://openalex.org/W2919039758", "https://openalex.org/W2920937335", "https://openalex.org/W2921122044", "https://openalex.org/W2921224230", "https://openalex.org/W2921466771", "https://openalex.org/W2921838790", "https://openalex.org/W2922227730", "https://openalex.org/W2922482845", "https://openalex.org/W2942034505", "https://openalex.org/W2942447024", "https://openalex.org/W2942881804", "https://openalex.org/W2944219270", "https://openalex.org/W2944228011", "https://openalex.org/W2944664390", "https://openalex.org/W2944704800", "https://openalex.org/W2946532816", "https://openalex.org/W2948535417", "https://openalex.org/W2950077417", "https://openalex.org/W2950863887", "https://openalex.org/W2951116593", "https://openalex.org/W2952872256", "https://openalex.org/W2954103209", "https://openalex.org/W2955897898", "https://openalex.org/W2956018560", "https://openalex.org/W2958091556", "https://openalex.org/W2958573942", "https://openalex.org/W2962691117", "https://openalex.org/W2962883549", "https://openalex.org/W2962964863", "https://openalex.org/W2963121727", "https://openalex.org/W2963136924", "https://openalex.org/W2963174256", "https://openalex.org/W2963190722", "https://openalex.org/W2963336322", "https://openalex.org/W2963364305", "https://openalex.org/W2963389341", "https://openalex.org/W2963456055", "https://openalex.org/W2963673880", "https://openalex.org/W2963890869", "https://openalex.org/W2964005248", "https://openalex.org/W2964025376", "https://openalex.org/W2964042011", "https://openalex.org/W2964056649", "https://openalex.org/W2964103109", "https://openalex.org/W2964129362", "https://openalex.org/W2964173781", "https://openalex.org/W2964181299", "https://openalex.org/W2964181991", "https://openalex.org/W2964577239", "https://openalex.org/W2966781572", "https://openalex.org/W2967721794", "https://openalex.org/W2968156427", "https://openalex.org/W2968223228", "https://openalex.org/W2968810373", "https://openalex.org/W2969077220", "https://openalex.org/W2969355329", "https://openalex.org/W2969835263", "https://openalex.org/W2971738358", "https://openalex.org/W2972802673", "https://openalex.org/W2972930978", "https://openalex.org/W2973516093", "https://openalex.org/W2973613123", "https://openalex.org/W2974084046", "https://openalex.org/W2974107276", "https://openalex.org/W2980231147", "https://openalex.org/W2980666689", "https://openalex.org/W2980918533", "https://openalex.org/W2981096252", "https://openalex.org/W2981214342", "https://openalex.org/W2981792785", "https://openalex.org/W2982045004", "https://openalex.org/W2982687388", "https://openalex.org/W2984481965", "https://openalex.org/W2984937369", "https://openalex.org/W2986348246", "https://openalex.org/W2988359971", "https://openalex.org/W2990761241", "https://openalex.org/W2990865112", "https://openalex.org/W2991103840", "https://openalex.org/W2991136392", "https://openalex.org/W2992716901", "https://openalex.org/W2993383518", "https://openalex.org/W2993508366", "https://openalex.org/W2995521703", "https://openalex.org/W2996585810", "https://openalex.org/W2996605732", "https://openalex.org/W2997423044", "https://openalex.org/W2998872355", "https://openalex.org/W2999146029", "https://openalex.org/W2999562137", "https://openalex.org/W2999576067", "https://openalex.org/W3000699369", "https://openalex.org/W3000703119", "https://openalex.org/W3001915958", "https://openalex.org/W3002652184", "https://openalex.org/W3003276132", "https://openalex.org/W3004098417", "https://openalex.org/W3004116256", "https://openalex.org/W3004294272", "https://openalex.org/W3004382263", "https://openalex.org/W3005188651", "https://openalex.org/W3005347223", "https://openalex.org/W3006143078", "https://openalex.org/W3006541201", "https://openalex.org/W3007749181", "https://openalex.org/W3007804894", "https://openalex.org/W3008924942", "https://openalex.org/W3009104268", "https://openalex.org/W3009587218", "https://openalex.org/W3009937426", "https://openalex.org/W3010176898", "https://openalex.org/W3010244985", "https://openalex.org/W3011067038", "https://openalex.org/W3011076322", "https://openalex.org/W3011830499", "https://openalex.org/W3012427268", "https://openalex.org/W3013077236", "https://openalex.org/W3014157188", "https://openalex.org/W3014948169", "https://openalex.org/W3016658265", "https://openalex.org/W3016889259", "https://openalex.org/W3020687048", "https://openalex.org/W3021440442", "https://openalex.org/W3023320520", "https://openalex.org/W3024172884", "https://openalex.org/W3026177720", "https://openalex.org/W3028102177", "https://openalex.org/W3030363216", "https://openalex.org/W3033636971", "https://openalex.org/W3034224445", "https://openalex.org/W3034281970", "https://openalex.org/W3034488271", "https://openalex.org/W3034741891", "https://openalex.org/W3034968889", "https://openalex.org/W3035231704", "https://openalex.org/W3036275239", "https://openalex.org/W3036589489", "https://openalex.org/W3036749975", "https://openalex.org/W3036803688", "https://openalex.org/W3036851434", "https://openalex.org/W3036886449", "https://openalex.org/W3038233023", "https://openalex.org/W3041148953", "https://openalex.org/W3041497362", "https://openalex.org/W3041653465", "https://openalex.org/W3041917331", "https://openalex.org/W3042641058", "https://openalex.org/W3043220753", "https://openalex.org/W3043810557", "https://openalex.org/W3043953517", "https://openalex.org/W3044817033", "https://openalex.org/W3045086480", "https://openalex.org/W3046751729", "https://openalex.org/W3048373883", "https://openalex.org/W3048448986", "https://openalex.org/W3048535702", "https://openalex.org/W3051786217", "https://openalex.org/W3058760796", "https://openalex.org/W3080384846", "https://openalex.org/W3080475059", "https://openalex.org/W3080856920", "https://openalex.org/W3081215475", "https://openalex.org/W3081909348", "https://openalex.org/W3081919211", "https://openalex.org/W3083033939", "https://openalex.org/W3084121652", "https://openalex.org/W3084269610", "https://openalex.org/W3086892208", "https://openalex.org/W3088211916", "https://openalex.org/W3089065083", "https://openalex.org/W3089458582", "https://openalex.org/W3089706104", "https://openalex.org/W3091391704", "https://openalex.org/W3091752016", "https://openalex.org/W3093929720", "https://openalex.org/W3094619726", "https://openalex.org/W3095246998", "https://openalex.org/W3096492613", "https://openalex.org/W3098133185", "https://openalex.org/W3098377107", "https://openalex.org/W3099660494", "https://openalex.org/W3100368766", "https://openalex.org/W3100491179", "https://openalex.org/W3103057226", "https://openalex.org/W3104300639", "https://openalex.org/W3104603384", "https://openalex.org/W3104650338", "https://openalex.org/W3106864127", "https://openalex.org/W3108524380", "https://openalex.org/W3109465731", "https://openalex.org/W3109481749", "https://openalex.org/W3110023844", "https://openalex.org/W3110381504", "https://openalex.org/W3110474338", "https://openalex.org/W3110989801", "https://openalex.org/W3111271387", "https://openalex.org/W3112173717", "https://openalex.org/W3112330636", "https://openalex.org/W3112680140", "https://openalex.org/W3113050802", "https://openalex.org/W3115726903", "https://openalex.org/W3116153471", "https://openalex.org/W3117711547", "https://openalex.org/W3117926661", "https://openalex.org/W3118291751", "https://openalex.org/W3118825529", "https://openalex.org/W3119458388", "https://openalex.org/W3120094264", "https://openalex.org/W3120353641", "https://openalex.org/W3120581832", "https://openalex.org/W3120589346", "https://openalex.org/W3120759960", "https://openalex.org/W3122989495", "https://openalex.org/W3126114233", "https://openalex.org/W3126686235", "https://openalex.org/W3127194164", "https://openalex.org/W3127614346", "https://openalex.org/W3128811776", "https://openalex.org/W3129271425", "https://openalex.org/W3129462136", "https://openalex.org/W3130406560", "https://openalex.org/W3130941713", "https://openalex.org/W3131052410", "https://openalex.org/W3133945977", "https://openalex.org/W3134054640", "https://openalex.org/W3134718517", "https://openalex.org/W3136475158", "https://openalex.org/W3138178591", "https://openalex.org/W3138857902", "https://openalex.org/W3139458362", "https://openalex.org/W3144365080", "https://openalex.org/W3144404977", "https://openalex.org/W3145915523", "https://openalex.org/W3147928834", "https://openalex.org/W3152301406", "https://openalex.org/W3153098216", "https://openalex.org/W3155110107", "https://openalex.org/W3155556592", "https://openalex.org/W3156154544", "https://openalex.org/W3157128626", "https://openalex.org/W3157380421", "https://openalex.org/W3157646196", "https://openalex.org/W3158277368", "https://openalex.org/W3158369243", "https://openalex.org/W3158693321", "https://openalex.org/W3158832185", "https://openalex.org/W3159402647", "https://openalex.org/W3159432930", "https://openalex.org/W3161503509", "https://openalex.org/W3161594686", "https://openalex.org/W3162509564", "https://openalex.org/W3163246710", "https://openalex.org/W3163598197", "https://openalex.org/W3163652546", "https://openalex.org/W3164420480", "https://openalex.org/W3165554383", "https://openalex.org/W3166102191", "https://openalex.org/W3166257109", "https://openalex.org/W3166361160", "https://openalex.org/W3166861417", "https://openalex.org/W3167131944", "https://openalex.org/W3167744972", "https://openalex.org/W3168171765", "https://openalex.org/W3168586915", "https://openalex.org/W3169933270", "https://openalex.org/W3170641187", "https://openalex.org/W3171435168", "https://openalex.org/W3171598884", "https://openalex.org/W3172890132", "https://openalex.org/W3173151636", "https://openalex.org/W3173424115", "https://openalex.org/W3173480514", "https://openalex.org/W3173558017", "https://openalex.org/W3175219873", "https://openalex.org/W3177472323", "https://openalex.org/W3177919110", "https://openalex.org/W3177992047", "https://openalex.org/W3178081691", "https://openalex.org/W3182319815", "https://openalex.org/W3182699417", "https://openalex.org/W3183376472", "https://openalex.org/W3184923486", "https://openalex.org/W3185634836", "https://openalex.org/W3186846499", "https://openalex.org/W3188034453", "https://openalex.org/W3188216429", "https://openalex.org/W3188358066", "https://openalex.org/W3188554269", "https://openalex.org/W3188569078", "https://openalex.org/W3189209457", "https://openalex.org/W3189358972", "https://openalex.org/W3189858494", "https://openalex.org/W3192880923", "https://openalex.org/W3194281015", "https://openalex.org/W3194292616", "https://openalex.org/W3195303402", "https://openalex.org/W3195333310", "https://openalex.org/W3195548207", "https://openalex.org/W3195911184", "https://openalex.org/W3196529033", "https://openalex.org/W3197470694", "https://openalex.org/W3197552048", "https://openalex.org/W3198139956", "https://openalex.org/W3198340234", "https://openalex.org/W3198654303", "https://openalex.org/W3199054470", "https://openalex.org/W3199267084", "https://openalex.org/W3200128456", "https://openalex.org/W3200192757", "https://openalex.org/W3200820186", "https://openalex.org/W3201151435", "https://openalex.org/W3201668313", "https://openalex.org/W3201870125", "https://openalex.org/W3203203350", "https://openalex.org/W3203337422", "https://openalex.org/W3203630573", "https://openalex.org/W3203990294", "https://openalex.org/W3204986908", "https://openalex.org/W3207610038", "https://openalex.org/W3208187232", "https://openalex.org/W3208563477", "https://openalex.org/W3209113411", "https://openalex.org/W3209398723", "https://openalex.org/W3210562684", "https://openalex.org/W3211270128", "https://openalex.org/W3212011382", "https://openalex.org/W3212443247", "https://openalex.org/W3212668973", "https://openalex.org/W3212878322", "https://openalex.org/W3213070675", "https://openalex.org/W3213114411", "https://openalex.org/W3213471924", "https://openalex.org/W3213927732", "https://openalex.org/W3214720474", "https://openalex.org/W3215230729", "https://openalex.org/W3215348578", "https://openalex.org/W3215554746", "https://openalex.org/W3216096512", "https://openalex.org/W3216289418", "https://openalex.org/W3216366683", "https://openalex.org/W3216387741", "https://openalex.org/W3216415522", "https://openalex.org/W3217304575", "https://openalex.org/W3217335562", "https://openalex.org/W4200018171", "https://openalex.org/W4200257692", "https://openalex.org/W4205108604", "https://openalex.org/W4205212596", "https://openalex.org/W4205683915", "https://openalex.org/W4205790754", "https://openalex.org/W4205909476", "https://openalex.org/W4205946715", "https://openalex.org/W4206090210", "https://openalex.org/W4206432373", "https://openalex.org/W4206632820", "https://openalex.org/W4206681959", "https://openalex.org/W4206799785", "https://openalex.org/W4206817532", "https://openalex.org/W4206957298", "https://openalex.org/W4210698675", "https://openalex.org/W4210767215", "https://openalex.org/W4210827399", "https://openalex.org/W4212889502", "https://openalex.org/W4213061865", "https://openalex.org/W4213108265", "https://openalex.org/W4213351796", "https://openalex.org/W4213359332", "https://openalex.org/W4214587758", "https://openalex.org/W4214631231", "https://openalex.org/W4214657533", "https://openalex.org/W4214900400", "https://openalex.org/W4220867808", "https://openalex.org/W4225545421", "https://openalex.org/W4225856095", "https://openalex.org/W4226066314", "https://openalex.org/W4226270482", "https://openalex.org/W4226285971", "https://openalex.org/W4226331824", "https://openalex.org/W4233748705", "https://openalex.org/W4248175462", "https://openalex.org/W4250897953", "https://openalex.org/W4253178971", "https://openalex.org/W4253671238", "https://openalex.org/W4281942098", "https://openalex.org/W4282032534", "https://openalex.org/W4284962613", "https://openalex.org/W4285179905", "https://openalex.org/W4285246415", "https://openalex.org/W4286983952", "https://openalex.org/W4293732132", "https://openalex.org/W4296437445", "https://openalex.org/W4296437982", "https://openalex.org/W4297094929", "https://openalex.org/W4312080373", "https://openalex.org/W4315783223", "https://openalex.org/W4360898076", "https://openalex.org/W4394657326", "https://openalex.org/W6661387391", "https://openalex.org/W6729947091", "https://openalex.org/W6753214138", "https://openalex.org/W6767561032", "https://openalex.org/W6768069482", "https://openalex.org/W6779444334", "https://openalex.org/W6779668586", "https://openalex.org/W6781016291", "https://openalex.org/W6796530599", "https://openalex.org/W6799411624", "https://openalex.org/W6799622649", "https://openalex.org/W6800817974", "https://openalex.org/W6802004673", "https://openalex.org/W6808179970"], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W1548557026", "https://openalex.org/W1975110180", "https://openalex.org/W1989187808", "https://openalex.org/W4377008908", "https://openalex.org/W4288993906", "https://openalex.org/W2117786814", "https://openalex.org/W2332333067", "https://openalex.org/W2079187076", "https://openalex.org/W3200232677", "https://openalex.org/W2405965961"], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Fifth": [0], "generation": [1, 53], "(5G)": [2], "mobile": [3], "communication": [4, 56], "systems": [5], "have": [6, 48, 66], "entered": [7], "the": [8, 89, 107, 116, 132, 141, 152, 172, 187], "stage": [9], "of": [10, 26, 60, 76, 131, 145, 151], "commercial": [11], "deployment,": [12], "providing": [13], "users": [14], "with": [15], "new": [16], "services,": [17], "improved": [18], "user": [19], "experiences": [20], "as": [21, 23], "well": [22], "a": [24, 98, 128, 148], "host": [25], "novel": [27], "opportunities": [28], "to": [29, 71, 96, 185, 194], "various": [30], "industries.": [31], "However,": [32], "5G": [33], "still": [34, 112], "faces": [35], "many": [36], "challenges.": [37], "To": [38], "address": [39], "these": [40], "challenges,": [41], "international": [42], "industrial,": [43], "academic,": [44], "and": [45, 63, 92, 115, 137, 156, 164, 180], "standards": [46], "organizations": [47], "commenced": [49], "research": [50, 178], "on": [51, 88, 100], "sixth": [52], "(6G)": [54], "wireless": [55], "systems.": [57], "A": [58], "series": [59], "white": [61], "papers": [62, 65], "survey": [64], "been": [67, 86], "published,": [68], "which": [69], "aim": [70], "define": [72], "6G": [73, 90, 102, 133, 153, 166, 197], "in": [74], "terms": [75], "requirements,": [77, 136], "application": [78, 138], "scenarios,": [79, 139], "key": [80, 157], "technologies,": [81], "etc.": [82], "Although": [83], "ITU-R": [84], "has": [85, 119], "working": [87], "vision": [91], "it": [93], "is": [94, 159], "expected": [95], "reach": [97], "consensus": [99], "what": [101], "will": [103], "be": [104], "by": [105], "mid-2023,": [106], "related": [108], "global": [109, 189], "discussions": [110], "are": [111, 169, 183, 199], "wide": [113], "open": [114, 122, 181], "existing": [117, 162], "literature": [118], "identified": [120, 184], "numerous": [121], "issues.": [123], "This": [124], "paper": [125], "first": [126, 173], "provides": [127], "comprehensive": [129], "portrayal": [130], "vision,": [134], "technical": [135], "covering": [140], "current": [142], "common": [143], "understanding": [144], "6G.": [146], "Then,": [147], "critical": [149], "appraisal": [150], "network": [154], "architecture": [155], "technologies": [158], "presented.": [160], "Furthermore,": [161], "testbeds": [163], "advanced": [165], "verification": [167], "platforms": [168], "detailed": [170], "for": [171], "time.": [174], "In": [175], "addition,": [176], "future": [177], "directions": [179], "challenges": [182], "stimulate": [186], "on-going": [188], "debate.": [190], "Finally,": [191], "lessons": [192], "learned": [193], "date": [195], "concerning": [196], "networks": [198], "discussed.": [200]}, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 466}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 937}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 664}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 185}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 1}], "updated_date": "2026-09-11T09:22:31.653822", "created_date": "2025-10-10T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W2922903482", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.33.2.3", "title": "Automation and New Tasks: How Technology Displaces and Reinstates Labor", "display_name": "Automation and New Tasks: How Technology Displaces and Reinstates Labor", "relevance_score": 329.97302, "publication_year": 2019, "publication_date": "2019-05-01", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W2922903482", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.33.2.3", "mag": "2922903482"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1257/jep.33.2.3", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.33.2.3", "pdf_url": "https://www.aeaweb.org/articles/pdf/doi/10.1257/jep.33.2.3", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S72880728", "display_name": "The Journal of Economic Perspectives", "issn_l": "0895-3309", "issn": ["0895-3309", "1944-7965"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310315912", "host_organization_name": "American Economic Association", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310315912"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["American Economic Association"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Journal of Economic Perspectives", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "type": "article", "indexed_in": ["crossref"], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "diamond", "oa_url": "https://www.aeaweb.org/articles/pdf/doi/10.1257/jep.33.2.3", "any_repository_has_fulltext": true}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5012301204", "display_name": "Daron Acemo\u011flu", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I63966007", "display_name": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/042nb2s44", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Daron Acemoglu", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Daron Acemoglu is Elizabeth and James Killian Professor of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Daron Acemoglu is Elizabeth and James Killian Professor of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5011062401", "display_name": "Pascual Restrepo", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I33434090", "display_name": "University of Massachusetts Boston", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ydmy275", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I33434090"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Pascual Restrepo", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Pascual Restrepo is Assistant Professor of Economics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Pascual Restrepo is Assistant Professor of Economics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I33434090"]}]}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 1, "institutions_distinct_count": 2, "corresponding_author_ids": [], "corresponding_institution_ids": [], "apc_list": null, "apc_paid": null, "fwci": 208.6566, "has_fulltext": true, "cited_by_count": 2475, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 0.99993809, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 89, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": "33", "issue": "2", "first_page": "3", "last_page": "30"}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10393", "display_name": "Economic Growth and Productivity", "score": 0.9950000047683716, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2002", "display_name": "Economics and Econometrics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/20", "display_name": "Economics, Econometrics and Finance"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10393", "display_name": "Economic Growth and Productivity", "score": 0.9950000047683716, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2002", "display_name": "Economics and Econometrics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/20", "display_name": "Economics, Econometrics and Finance"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11014", "display_name": "Regional Economics and Spatial Analysis", "score": 0.9911999702453613, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2002", "display_name": "Economics and Econometrics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/20", "display_name": "Economics, Econometrics and Finance"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10208", "display_name": "Labor market dynamics and wage inequality", "score": 0.9864000082015991, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2002", "display_name": "Economics and Econometrics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/20", "display_name": "Economics, Econometrics and Finance"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/productivity", "display_name": "Productivity", "score": 0.685784637928009}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/labour-economics", "display_name": "Labour economics", "score": 0.6389754414558411}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/automation", "display_name": "Automation", "score": 0.6033449769020081}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/production", "display_name": "Production (economics)", "score": 0.5973923206329346}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/economics", "display_name": "Economics", "score": 0.5811800360679626}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/task", "display_name": "Task (project management)", "score": 0.5479927659034729}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/capital", "display_name": "Capital (architecture)", "score": 0.5212576985359192}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/technological-change", "display_name": "Technological change", "score": 0.4913741648197174}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-demand", "display_name": "Labor demand", "score": 0.45271173119544983}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-organization", "display_name": "Industrial organization", "score": 0.4362828731536865}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics", "display_name": "Microeconomics", "score": 0.2708030641078949}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/wage", "display_name": "Wage", "score": 0.2510072588920593}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering", "display_name": "Engineering", "score": 0.16629984974861145}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth", "display_name": "Economic growth", "score": 0.1376868486404419}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/management", "display_name": "Management", "score": 0.11497887969017029}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/macroeconomics", "display_name": "Macroeconomics", "score": 0.10171744227409363}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C204983608", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958", "display_name": "Productivity", "level": 2, "score": 0.685784637928009}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C145236788", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161", "display_name": "Labour economics", "level": 1, "score": 0.6389754414558411}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C115901376", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199", "display_name": "Automation", "level": 2, "score": 0.6033449769020081}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778348673", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302", "display_name": "Production (economics)", "level": 2, "score": 0.5973923206329346}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134", "display_name": "Economics", "level": 0, "score": 0.5811800360679626}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780451532", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676", "display_name": "Task (project management)", "level": 2, "score": 0.5479927659034729}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C83646750", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193893", "display_name": "Capital (architecture)", "level": 2, "score": 0.5212576985359192}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C137996800", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q762702", "display_name": "Technological change", "level": 2, "score": 0.4913741648197174}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779739803", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2355320", "display_name": "Labor demand", "level": 3, "score": 0.45271173119544983}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C40700", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783", "display_name": "Industrial organization", "level": 1, "score": 0.4362828731536865}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C175444787", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072", "display_name": "Microeconomics", "level": 1, "score": 0.2708030641078949}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777388388", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6821213", "display_name": "Wage", "level": 2, "score": 0.2510072588920593}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023", "display_name": "Engineering", "level": 0, "score": 0.16629984974861145}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833", "display_name": "Economic growth", "level": 1, "score": 0.1376868486404419}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C187736073", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921", "display_name": "Management", "level": 1, "score": 0.11497887969017029}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680", "display_name": "Macroeconomics", "level": 1, "score": 0.10171744227409363}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C78519656", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333", "display_name": "Mechanical engineering", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309", "display_name": "History", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498", "display_name": "Archaeology", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}], "mesh": [], "locations_count": 3, "locations": [{"id": "doi:10.1257/jep.33.2.3", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.33.2.3", "pdf_url": "https://www.aeaweb.org/articles/pdf/doi/10.1257/jep.33.2.3", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S72880728", "display_name": "The Journal of Economic Perspectives", "issn_l": "0895-3309", "issn": ["0895-3309", "1944-7965"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310315912", "host_organization_name": "American Economic Association", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310315912"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["American Economic Association"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Journal of Economic Perspectives", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:RePEc:aea:jecper:v:33:y:2019:i:2:p:3-30", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://www.aeaweb.org/doi/10.1257/jep.33.2.3", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271", "display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I77793887", "host_organization_name": "Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I77793887"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/128829", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/128829", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400425", "display_name": "DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I63966007", "host_organization_name": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I63966007"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by-nc", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "American Economic Association", "raw_type": "Article"}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "doi:10.1257/jep.33.2.3", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.33.2.3", "pdf_url": "https://www.aeaweb.org/articles/pdf/doi/10.1257/jep.33.2.3", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S72880728", "display_name": "The Journal of Economic Perspectives", "issn_l": "0895-3309", "issn": ["0895-3309", "1944-7965"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310315912", "host_organization_name": "American Economic Association", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310315912"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["American Economic Association"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Journal of Economic Perspectives", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [{"score": 0.7400000095367432, "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8", "display_name": "Decent work and economic growth"}], "awards": [], "funders": [], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": true, "pdf": true}, "content_urls": {"pdf": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2922903482.pdf", "grobid_xml": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2922903482.grobid-xml"}, "referenced_works_count": 8, "referenced_works": ["https://openalex.org/W2006558343", "https://openalex.org/W2023509749", "https://openalex.org/W2062536681", "https://openalex.org/W2067638638", "https://openalex.org/W2089447324", "https://openalex.org/W2883023246", "https://openalex.org/W3123021420", "https://openalex.org/W3123880321"], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W1507391374", "https://openalex.org/W3089328266", "https://openalex.org/W1975722309", "https://openalex.org/W3124024737", "https://openalex.org/W2056691577", "https://openalex.org/W3122237629", "https://openalex.org/W1995718701", "https://openalex.org/W2918781159", "https://openalex.org/W3123561687", "https://openalex.org/W2026330770"], "abstract_inverted_index": {"We": [0, 148], "present": [1], "a": [2, 75, 79, 116, 136, 199], "framework": [3, 37], "for": [4, 188], "understanding": [5], "the": [6, 29, 33, 39, 66, 84, 107, 125, 142, 151, 156, 176, 182, 193], "effects": [7, 101], "of": [8, 13, 35, 41, 49, 69, 74, 102, 109, 121, 128, 132, 135, 153, 159, 179, 206], "automation": [9, 81, 103, 162], "and": [10, 19, 45, 90, 139, 145, 163, 203], "other": [11], "types": [12], "technological": [14], "changes": [15, 24, 124, 154], "on": [16], "labor": [17, 57, 72, 85, 93, 114, 133, 143, 146], "demand,": [18], "use": [20], "it": [21, 60, 97], "to": [22, 43, 55, 161], "interpret": [23], "in": [25, 58, 87, 112, 130, 155, 192, 197, 209], "US": [26], "employment": [27, 180], "over": [28, 181], "recent": [30], "past.": [31], "At": [32], "center": [34], "our": [36], "is": [38, 186], "allocation": [40], "tasks": [42, 59, 111, 123], "capital": [44, 54], "labor\u2014the": [46], "task": [47, 67, 126, 157], "content": [48, 68, 127, 158], "production.": [50], "Automation,": [51], "which": [52, 113], "enables": [53], "replace": [56], "was": [61], "previously": [62], "engaged": [63], "in,": [64], "shifts": [65], "production": [70, 129], "against": [71], "because": [73, 134], "displacement": [76, 194], "effect.": [77], "As": [78], "result,": [80], "always": [82, 140], "reduces": [83], "share": [86, 144], "value": [88], "added": [89], "may": [91], "reduce": [92], "demand": [94], "even": [95], "as": [96], "raises": [98, 141], "productivity.": [99], "The": [100, 119], "are": [104], "counterbalanced": [105], "by": [106, 189], "creation": [108], "new": [110, 122, 164], "has": [115], "comparative": [117], "advantage.": [118], "introduction": [120], "favor": [131], "reinstatement": [137, 201], "effect,": [138, 195, 202], "demand.": [147], "show": [149], "how": [150], "role": [152], "production\u2014due": [160], "tasks\u2014can": [165], "be": [166], "inferred": [167], "from": [168], "industry-level": [169], "data.": [170], "Our": [171], "empirical": [172], "decomposition": [173], "suggests": [174], "that": [175], "slower": [177, 204], "growth": [178, 205], "last": [183], "three": [184], "decades": [185], "accounted": [187], "an": [190], "acceleration": [191], "especially": [196], "manufacturing,": [198], "weaker": [200], "productivity": [207], "than": [208], "previous": [210], "decades.": [211]}, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 631}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 654}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 458}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 283}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 208}, {"year": 2021, "cited_by_count": 142}, {"year": 2020, "cited_by_count": 68}, {"year": 2019, "cited_by_count": 23}, {"year": 2018, "cited_by_count": 2}, {"year": 2017, "cited_by_count": 2}, {"year": 2013, "cited_by_count": 1}], "updated_date": "2026-09-15T07:32:03.291174", "created_date": "2025-10-10T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W2994726857", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2019.108411", "title": "Closed-loop 4D-printed soft robots", "display_name": "Closed-loop 4D-printed soft robots", "relevance_score": 327.60092, "publication_year": 2019, "publication_date": "2019-12-12", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W2994726857", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2019.108411", "mag": "2994726857"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2019.108411", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2019.108411", "pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127519308494/pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S8792693", "display_name": "Materials & Design", "issn_l": "0264-1275", "issn": ["0264-1275", "1873-4197"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Materials & Design", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "type": "article", "indexed_in": ["crossref", "doaj"], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "gold", "oa_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127519308494/pdf", "any_repository_has_fulltext": true}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5072793982", "display_name": "Ali Zolfagharian", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5302-360X"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I149704539", "display_name": "Deakin University", "ror": "https://ror.org/02czsnj07", "country_code": "AU", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}], "countries": ["AU"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Ali Zolfagharian", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong 3216, Australia"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong 3216, Australia", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5073253984", "display_name": "Akif Kaynak", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6679-657X"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I149704539", "display_name": "Deakin University", "ror": "https://ror.org/02czsnj07", "country_code": "AU", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}], "countries": ["AU"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Akif Kaynak", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong 3216, Australia"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong 3216, Australia", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5088007702", "display_name": "Abbas Z. Kouzani", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6292-1214"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I149704539", "display_name": "Deakin University", "ror": "https://ror.org/02czsnj07", "country_code": "AU", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}], "countries": ["AU"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Abbas Kouzani", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong 3216, Australia"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong 3216, Australia", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 1, "institutions_distinct_count": 1, "corresponding_author_ids": ["https://openalex.org/A5072793982"], "corresponding_institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I149704539"], "apc_list": {"value": 2700, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 2700}, "apc_paid": {"value": 2700, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 2700}, "fwci": 16.8375, "has_fulltext": true, "cited_by_count": 224, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 0.99553651, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 99, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": "188", "issue": null, "first_page": "108411", "last_page": "108411"}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11486", "display_name": "Micro and Nano Robotics", "score": 0.9998000264167786, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3104", "display_name": "Condensed Matter Physics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/31", "display_name": "Physics and Astronomy"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11486", "display_name": "Micro and Nano Robotics", "score": 0.9998000264167786, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3104", "display_name": "Condensed Matter Physics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/31", "display_name": "Physics and Astronomy"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10868", "display_name": "Soft Robotics and Applications", "score": 0.9990000128746033, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2204", "display_name": "Biomedical Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12784", "display_name": "Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence", "score": 0.9987999796867371, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2210", "display_name": "Mechanical Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/soft-robotics", "display_name": "Soft robotics", "score": 0.7753680348396301}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/soft-materials", "display_name": "Soft materials", "score": 0.7046486139297485}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/robot", "display_name": "Robot", "score": 0.6633754968643188}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-printing", "display_name": "3D printing", "score": 0.6594987511634827}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-printed", "display_name": "3d printed", "score": 0.5011444091796875}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/process", "display_name": "Process (computing)", "score": 0.4889482259750366}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science", "display_name": "Computer science", "score": 0.4671803116798401}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/fabrication", "display_name": "Fabrication", "score": 0.4594787657260895}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics", "display_name": "Robotics", "score": 0.4511496424674988}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/construct", "display_name": "Construct (python library)", "score": 0.4390754699707031}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering", "display_name": "Mechanical engineering", "score": 0.40737923979759216}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science", "display_name": "Materials science", "score": 0.40592724084854126}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "score": 0.38579806685447693}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering", "display_name": "Control engineering", "score": 0.36101752519607544}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology", "display_name": "Nanotechnology", "score": 0.3396282494068146}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/manufacturing-engineering", "display_name": "Manufacturing engineering", "score": 0.28898513317108154}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering", "display_name": "Engineering", "score": 0.27150988578796387}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776058767", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24327151", "display_name": "Soft robotics", "level": 3, "score": 0.7753680348396301}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2982836594", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902144", "display_name": "Soft materials", "level": 2, "score": 0.7046486139297485}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C90509273", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012", "display_name": "Robot", "level": 2, "score": 0.6633754968643188}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C524769229", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229367", "display_name": "3D printing", "level": 2, "score": 0.6594987511634827}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C3019308078", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229367", "display_name": "3d printed", "level": 2, "score": 0.5011444091796875}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C98045186", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663", "display_name": "Process (computing)", "level": 2, "score": 0.4889482259750366}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198", "display_name": "Computer science", "level": 0, "score": 0.4671803116798401}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C136525101", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428139", "display_name": "Fabrication", "level": 3, "score": 0.4594787657260895}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C34413123", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978", "display_name": "Robotics", "level": 3, "score": 0.4511496424674988}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780801425", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392", "display_name": "Construct (python library)", "level": 2, "score": 0.4390754699707031}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C78519656", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333", "display_name": "Mechanical engineering", "level": 1, "score": 0.40737923979759216}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C192562407", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736", "display_name": "Materials science", "level": 0, "score": 0.40592724084854126}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "level": 1, "score": 0.38579806685447693}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C133731056", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288", "display_name": "Control engineering", "level": 1, "score": 0.36101752519607544}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C171250308", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468", "display_name": "Nanotechnology", "level": 1, "score": 0.3396282494068146}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C117671659", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11049265", "display_name": "Manufacturing engineering", "level": 1, "score": 0.28898513317108154}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023", "display_name": "Engineering", "level": 0, "score": 0.27150988578796387}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C111919701", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135", "display_name": "Operating system", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C199360897", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143", "display_name": "Programming language", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190", "display_name": "Medicine", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C204787440", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504", "display_name": "Alternative medicine", "level": 2, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208", "display_name": "Pathology", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}], "mesh": [], "locations_count": 3, "locations": [{"id": "doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2019.108411", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2019.108411", "pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127519308494/pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S8792693", "display_name": "Materials & Design", "issn_l": "0264-1275", "issn": ["0264-1275", "1873-4197"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Materials & Design", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6e1c0bc8fcf8491da4df79cb371b2f02", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doaj.org/article/6e1c0bc8fcf8491da4df79cb371b2f02", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280", "display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by-sa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "Materials & Design, Vol 188, Iss , Pp - (2020)", "raw_type": "article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/20722276", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Closed-loop_4D-printed_soft_robots/20722276", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4377196282", "display_name": "Figshare", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I4210132348", "host_organization_name": "Figshare (United Kingdom)", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "", "raw_type": "Text"}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2019.108411", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2019.108411", "pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127519308494/pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S8792693", "display_name": "Materials & Design", "issn_l": "0264-1275", "issn": ["0264-1275", "1873-4197"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Materials & Design", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [{"score": 0.5299999713897705, "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9", "display_name": "Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}], "awards": [], "funders": [], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": true, "pdf": true}, "content_urls": {"pdf": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2994726857.pdf", "grobid_xml": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2994726857.grobid-xml"}, "referenced_works_count": 335, "referenced_works": ["https://openalex.org/W92783539", "https://openalex.org/W304590730", "https://openalex.org/W437732360", "https://openalex.org/W757091234", "https://openalex.org/W824099422", "https://openalex.org/W1008719379", "https://openalex.org/W1024591929", "https://openalex.org/W1191599655", "https://openalex.org/W1524590318", "https://openalex.org/W1531077914", "https://openalex.org/W1536836920", "https://openalex.org/W1554473008", "https://openalex.org/W1561087197", "https://openalex.org/W1565327149", "https://openalex.org/W1566405224", "https://openalex.org/W1603219075", "https://openalex.org/W1605573896", "https://openalex.org/W1656143830", "https://openalex.org/W1696514235", "https://openalex.org/W1737105075", "https://openalex.org/W1925174820", "https://openalex.org/W1972829483", "https://openalex.org/W1974748659", "https://openalex.org/W1977655452", "https://openalex.org/W1985847842", "https://openalex.org/W1992537421", "https://openalex.org/W1995071895", "https://openalex.org/W1996959049", "https://openalex.org/W1997060717", "https://openalex.org/W1998399571", "https://openalex.org/W2000871568", "https://openalex.org/W2013290215", "https://openalex.org/W2017581442", "https://openalex.org/W2027192530", "https://openalex.org/W2030818224", "https://openalex.org/W2033385303", "https://openalex.org/W2038198774", "https://openalex.org/W2045279221", "https://openalex.org/W2046850055", "https://openalex.org/W2053485789", "https://openalex.org/W2059772445", "https://openalex.org/W2061837946", "https://openalex.org/W2071163678", "https://openalex.org/W2072657288", "https://openalex.org/W2076063813", "https://openalex.org/W2087825600", "https://openalex.org/W2096645690", "https://openalex.org/W2097854201", "https://openalex.org/W2097925802", "https://openalex.org/W2104733512", "https://openalex.org/W2118177844", "https://openalex.org/W2122701995", "https://openalex.org/W2124906197", "https://openalex.org/W2124992704", "https://openalex.org/W2135485145", "https://openalex.org/W2147326417", "https://openalex.org/W2155007355", "https://openalex.org/W2158323882", "https://openalex.org/W2173248099", "https://openalex.org/W2176950688", "https://openalex.org/W2182924040", "https://openalex.org/W2191730565", "https://openalex.org/W2195945752", "https://openalex.org/W2209177405", "https://openalex.org/W2219732095", "https://openalex.org/W2245437546", "https://openalex.org/W2246747732", "https://openalex.org/W2271075069", "https://openalex.org/W2281319629", "https://openalex.org/W2290069812", "https://openalex.org/W2290852131", "https://openalex.org/W2294620227", "https://openalex.org/W2302099706", "https://openalex.org/W2305947136", "https://openalex.org/W2317173646", "https://openalex.org/W2322861752", "https://openalex.org/W2323956509", "https://openalex.org/W2323970951", "https://openalex.org/W2332542316", "https://openalex.org/W2335997780", "https://openalex.org/W2342974502", "https://openalex.org/W2346103878", "https://openalex.org/W2413403048", "https://openalex.org/W2417089653", "https://openalex.org/W2508135389", "https://openalex.org/W2509323735", "https://openalex.org/W2511924737", "https://openalex.org/W2512703873", "https://openalex.org/W2519437300", "https://openalex.org/W2520982900", "https://openalex.org/W2528256255", "https://openalex.org/W2528496775", "https://openalex.org/W2530011145", "https://openalex.org/W2536032352", "https://openalex.org/W2538834703", "https://openalex.org/W2541984449", "https://openalex.org/W2546700740", "https://openalex.org/W2550182557", "https://openalex.org/W2551887912", "https://openalex.org/W2555409651", "https://openalex.org/W2556327414", "https://openalex.org/W2557417582", "https://openalex.org/W2563362125", "https://openalex.org/W2564130887", "https://openalex.org/W2578733476", "https://openalex.org/W2579369706", "https://openalex.org/W2580980333", "https://openalex.org/W2584686014", "https://openalex.org/W2587074958", "https://openalex.org/W2587341100", "https://openalex.org/W2589689440", "https://openalex.org/W2591965935", "https://openalex.org/W2592001929", "https://openalex.org/W2594832926", "https://openalex.org/W2603088459", "https://openalex.org/W2605875563", "https://openalex.org/W2609837203", "https://openalex.org/W2610395436", "https://openalex.org/W2611333474", "https://openalex.org/W2615167078", "https://openalex.org/W2615857549", "https://openalex.org/W2618733545", "https://openalex.org/W2620138318", "https://openalex.org/W2621263557", "https://openalex.org/W2622825478", "https://openalex.org/W2623551786", "https://openalex.org/W2625731136", "https://openalex.org/W2626238678", "https://openalex.org/W2627084826", "https://openalex.org/W2688447258", "https://openalex.org/W2724169821", "https://openalex.org/W2726187156", "https://openalex.org/W2737215407", "https://openalex.org/W2737666157", "https://openalex.org/W2738109916", "https://openalex.org/W2741086304", "https://openalex.org/W2749102339", "https://openalex.org/W2751819004", "https://openalex.org/W2755921665", "https://openalex.org/W2762625710", "https://openalex.org/W2764070835", "https://openalex.org/W2765680891", "https://openalex.org/W2766759288", "https://openalex.org/W2766809847", "https://openalex.org/W2766907789", "https://openalex.org/W2767097479", "https://openalex.org/W2768326939", "https://openalex.org/W2768749805", "https://openalex.org/W2770045479", "https://openalex.org/W2770754038", "https://openalex.org/W2771751522", "https://openalex.org/W2772358881", "https://openalex.org/W2774231052", "https://openalex.org/W2774617863", "https://openalex.org/W2776202271", "https://openalex.org/W2777894127", "https://openalex.org/W2781525289", "https://openalex.org/W2782077312", "https://openalex.org/W2782209392", "https://openalex.org/W2782435507", "https://openalex.org/W2783747068", "https://openalex.org/W2784238521", "https://openalex.org/W2786905609", "https://openalex.org/W2789994810", "https://openalex.org/W2790353133", "https://openalex.org/W2791180667", "https://openalex.org/W2791239448", "https://openalex.org/W2791239833", "https://openalex.org/W2791272065", "https://openalex.org/W2791537261", "https://openalex.org/W2792602754", "https://openalex.org/W2792758432", "https://openalex.org/W2793782201", "https://openalex.org/W2793979079", "https://openalex.org/W2794141247", "https://openalex.org/W2794350962", "https://openalex.org/W2794788949", "https://openalex.org/W2795452127", "https://openalex.org/W2795732039", "https://openalex.org/W2796817337", "https://openalex.org/W2797324231", "https://openalex.org/W2798257756", "https://openalex.org/W2799843285", "https://openalex.org/W2799997904", "https://openalex.org/W2800239682", "https://openalex.org/W2800350880", "https://openalex.org/W2801458905", "https://openalex.org/W2802505430", "https://openalex.org/W2803100620", "https://openalex.org/W2804938287", "https://openalex.org/W2805051407", "https://openalex.org/W2806469625", "https://openalex.org/W2806855621", "https://openalex.org/W2807237730", "https://openalex.org/W2810457858", "https://openalex.org/W2843252114", "https://openalex.org/W2851881991", "https://openalex.org/W2852050839", "https://openalex.org/W2870735678", "https://openalex.org/W2886124048", "https://openalex.org/W2888452296", "https://openalex.org/W2888474629", "https://openalex.org/W2888953704", "https://openalex.org/W2890102452", "https://openalex.org/W2890536138", "https://openalex.org/W2891130751", "https://openalex.org/W2891707442", "https://openalex.org/W2893124800", "https://openalex.org/W2893579552", "https://openalex.org/W2895281825", "https://openalex.org/W2897047965", "https://openalex.org/W2897073955", "https://openalex.org/W2900418236", "https://openalex.org/W2901112449", "https://openalex.org/W2902629126", "https://openalex.org/W2902985912", "https://openalex.org/W2903231307", "https://openalex.org/W2904386330", "https://openalex.org/W2906239589", "https://openalex.org/W2906554541", "https://openalex.org/W2907358949", "https://openalex.org/W2907466780", "https://openalex.org/W2907971922", "https://openalex.org/W2908872833", "https://openalex.org/W2909142311", "https://openalex.org/W2910213264", "https://openalex.org/W2910273746", "https://openalex.org/W2911745792", "https://openalex.org/W2912669267", "https://openalex.org/W2913446864", "https://openalex.org/W2913665048", "https://openalex.org/W2914783728", "https://openalex.org/W2914989866", "https://openalex.org/W2915018627", "https://openalex.org/W2915038957", "https://openalex.org/W2916363736", "https://openalex.org/W2920993089", "https://openalex.org/W2931777280", "https://openalex.org/W2933287546", "https://openalex.org/W2941611239", "https://openalex.org/W2942503471", "https://openalex.org/W2944853685", "https://openalex.org/W2947638614", "https://openalex.org/W2948771102", "https://openalex.org/W2950471160", "https://openalex.org/W2950857523", "https://openalex.org/W2950872548", "https://openalex.org/W2952629144", "https://openalex.org/W2959700612", "https://openalex.org/W2963019567", "https://openalex.org/W2963311874", "https://openalex.org/W2963428623", "https://openalex.org/W2963577640", "https://openalex.org/W2963864421", "https://openalex.org/W2964161785", "https://openalex.org/W2964174623", "https://openalex.org/W2968095971", "https://openalex.org/W2968389854", "https://openalex.org/W2972943692", "https://openalex.org/W2998744325", "https://openalex.org/W2998863624", "https://openalex.org/W3037568649", "https://openalex.org/W3083498466", "https://openalex.org/W3094538106", "https://openalex.org/W4214810323", "https://openalex.org/W4230455679", "https://openalex.org/W4230709235", "https://openalex.org/W4242156277", "https://openalex.org/W4251787805", "https://openalex.org/W4254838573", "https://openalex.org/W4256072260", "https://openalex.org/W4293566037", "https://openalex.org/W4293864724", "https://openalex.org/W4297804343", "https://openalex.org/W4300971732", "https://openalex.org/W4365800070", "https://openalex.org/W4365800103", "https://openalex.org/W4365800129", "https://openalex.org/W6623149508", "https://openalex.org/W6631371957", "https://openalex.org/W6632039481", "https://openalex.org/W6633706422", "https://openalex.org/W6635913672", "https://openalex.org/W6637650041", "https://openalex.org/W6644060036", "https://openalex.org/W6649086925", "https://openalex.org/W6653864348", "https://openalex.org/W6654429860", "https://openalex.org/W6668338438", "https://openalex.org/W6674526474", "https://openalex.org/W6675999342", "https://openalex.org/W6682849425", "https://openalex.org/W6683451904", "https://openalex.org/W6685550453", "https://openalex.org/W6690723093", "https://openalex.org/W6693787782", "https://openalex.org/W6696324988", "https://openalex.org/W6697767073", "https://openalex.org/W6701122985", "https://openalex.org/W6704729528", "https://openalex.org/W6715440436", "https://openalex.org/W6729556111", "https://openalex.org/W6731672634", "https://openalex.org/W6732343416", "https://openalex.org/W6733965749", "https://openalex.org/W6734090120", "https://openalex.org/W6735789912", "https://openalex.org/W6735914042", "https://openalex.org/W6740092555", "https://openalex.org/W6740222838", "https://openalex.org/W6741324060", "https://openalex.org/W6741766377", "https://openalex.org/W6747269399", "https://openalex.org/W6747653440", "https://openalex.org/W6748499634", "https://openalex.org/W6749951770", "https://openalex.org/W6751170792", "https://openalex.org/W6752028322", "https://openalex.org/W6752545908", "https://openalex.org/W6753229946", "https://openalex.org/W6754295718", "https://openalex.org/W6754570040", "https://openalex.org/W6754757962", "https://openalex.org/W6756596054", "https://openalex.org/W6756635282", "https://openalex.org/W6756915703", "https://openalex.org/W6757160954", "https://openalex.org/W6757489062", "https://openalex.org/W6757663053", "https://openalex.org/W6758119479", "https://openalex.org/W6759140393", "https://openalex.org/W6759279410", "https://openalex.org/W6762799583", "https://openalex.org/W6763388003", "https://openalex.org/W6823859317"], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W3036311796", "https://openalex.org/W4285543619", "https://openalex.org/W3060781368", "https://openalex.org/W3134271515", "https://openalex.org/W4312473168", "https://openalex.org/W4319589397", "https://openalex.org/W1955801659", "https://openalex.org/W2582005554", "https://openalex.org/W2911666782", "https://openalex.org/W3182175143"], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Soft": [0], "robotics": [1], "is": [2, 89], "a": [3, 86], "recent": [4], "and": [5, 20, 109, 133, 142], "rapidly": [6], "growing": [7], "field": [8], "of": [9, 29, 34, 41, 47, 54, 85], "research": [10], "that": [11, 59], "encompasses": [12], "emerging": [13], "advances": [14], "in": [15, 26, 104], "functional": [16, 55, 100], "materials,": [17], "fabrication,": [18], "modelling,": [19], "performance": [21], "control": [22, 96, 143], "with": [23, 138], "important": [24], "applications": [25], "the": [27, 39, 45, 51, 83, 92, 127], "manipulation": [28], "fragile": [30], "objects.": [31], "The": [32], "incorporation": [33], "three-dimensional": [35], "(3D)": [36], "printing": [37, 93, 108], "into": [38, 57], "fabrication": [40], "soft": [42, 70, 87, 121, 136], "robots": [43, 137], "facilitates": [44], "customisation": [46], "their": [48, 77], "functions": [49], "by": [50, 63], "strategic": [52], "placement": [53], "materials": [56, 101], "locations": [58], "may": [60], "be": [61], "inaccessible": [62], "conventional": [64], "manufacturing": [65], "methods.": [66], "Most": [67], "current": [68, 128], "3D-printed": [69], "robots,": [71], "however,": [72], "are": [73, 102], "fabricated": [74], "without": [75], "considering": [76], "autonomy.": [78], "In": [79], "four-dimensional": [80], "(4D)": [81], "printing,": [82], "functionality": [84], "robot": [88], "introduced": [90], "during": [91], "process.": [94], "To": [95], "this": [97], "functionality,": [98], "specific": [99], "embedded": [103], "desired": [105], "locations.": [106], "Four-dimensional": [107], "machine": [110], "learning": [111], "techniques": [112], "provide": [113], "new": [114], "possibilities": [115], "for": [116], "developing": [117], "stand-alone": [118], "closed-loop": [119], "4D-printed": [120, 135], "robots.": [122], "This": [123], "review": [124], "paper": [125], "presents": [126], "approaches": [129], "employed": [130], "to": [131], "design": [132], "construct": [134], "customised": [139], "geometrical,": [140], "functional,": [141], "properties.": [144]}, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 16}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 34}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 45}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 30}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 49}, {"year": 2021, "cited_by_count": 32}, {"year": 2020, "cited_by_count": 18}], "updated_date": "2026-09-06T09:10:53.072986", "created_date": "2025-10-10T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4391360623", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13030542", "title": "Intelligent Robotics\u2014A Systematic Review of Emerging Technologies and Trends", "display_name": "Intelligent Robotics\u2014A Systematic Review of Emerging Technologies and Trends", "relevance_score": 311.40402, "publication_year": 2024, "publication_date": "2024-01-29", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W4391360623", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13030542"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.3390/electronics13030542", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13030542", "pdf_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/13/3/542/pdf?version=1706537048", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210202905", "display_name": "Electronics", "issn_l": "2079-9292", "issn": ["2079-9292"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310310987", "host_organization_name": "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Electronics", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "type": "review", "indexed_in": ["crossref"], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "gold", "oa_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/13/3/542/pdf?version=1706537048", "any_repository_has_fulltext": false}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5093822965", "display_name": "Josip Tomo Licardo", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4222-6608"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I25607154", "display_name": "Juraj Dobrila University of Pula", "ror": "https://ror.org/006ks2460", "country_code": "HR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I25607154"]}], "countries": ["HR"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Josip Tomo Licardo", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Faculty of Informatics, Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Zagreba\u010dka 30, 52100 Pula, Croatia"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4222-6608", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Faculty of Informatics, Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Zagreba\u010dka 30, 52100 Pula, Croatia", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I25607154"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5093822966", "display_name": "Mihael Domjan", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I25607154", "display_name": "Juraj Dobrila University of Pula", "ror": "https://ror.org/006ks2460", "country_code": "HR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I25607154"]}], "countries": ["HR"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Mihael Domjan", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Faculty of Informatics, Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Zagreba\u010dka 30, 52100 Pula, Croatia"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Faculty of Informatics, Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Zagreba\u010dka 30, 52100 Pula, Croatia", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I25607154"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5004956185", "display_name": "Tihomir Orehova\u010dki", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8606-0607"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I25607154", "display_name": "Juraj Dobrila University of Pula", "ror": "https://ror.org/006ks2460", "country_code": "HR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I25607154"]}], "countries": ["HR"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Tihomir Orehova\u010dki", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Faculty of Informatics, Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Zagreba\u010dka 30, 52100 Pula, Croatia"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8606-0607", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Faculty of Informatics, Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Zagreba\u010dka 30, 52100 Pula, Croatia", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I25607154"]}]}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 1, "institutions_distinct_count": 1, "corresponding_author_ids": ["https://openalex.org/A5004956185"], "corresponding_institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I25607154"], "apc_list": {"value": 2400, "currency": "CHF", "value_usd": 2728}, "apc_paid": {"value": 2400, "currency": "CHF", "value_usd": 2728}, "fwci": 12.9343, "has_fulltext": true, "cited_by_count": 210, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 1.0, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 99, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": "13", "issue": "3", "first_page": "542", "last_page": "542"}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11814", "display_name": "Advanced Manufacturing and Logistics Optimization", "score": 0.9872999787330627, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2209", "display_name": "Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11814", "display_name": "Advanced Manufacturing and Logistics Optimization", "score": 0.9872999787330627, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2209", "display_name": "Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10763", "display_name": "Digital Transformation in Industry", "score": 0.9767000079154968, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2209", "display_name": "Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10653", "display_name": "Robot Manipulation and Learning", "score": 0.9728000164031982, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2207", "display_name": "Control and Systems Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics", "display_name": "Robotics", "score": 0.8858245611190796}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "score": 0.6721213459968567}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-management", "display_name": "Engineering management", "score": 0.47508493065834045}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/robot", "display_name": "Robot", "score": 0.47065821290016174}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science", "display_name": "Computer science", "score": 0.45342493057250977}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/emerging-technologies", "display_name": "Emerging technologies", "score": 0.4265977740287781}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/key", "display_name": "Key (lock)", "score": 0.4133923053741455}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering", "display_name": "Engineering", "score": 0.3830508589744568}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering", "display_name": "Systems engineering", "score": 0.37907642126083374}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security", "display_name": "Computer security", "score": 0.0866650640964508}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C34413123", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978", "display_name": "Robotics", "level": 3, "score": 0.8858245611190796}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "level": 1, "score": 0.6721213459968567}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C110354214", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146", "display_name": "Engineering management", "level": 1, "score": 0.47508493065834045}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C90509273", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012", "display_name": "Robot", "level": 2, "score": 0.47065821290016174}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198", "display_name": "Computer science", "level": 0, "score": 0.45342493057250977}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C207267971", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120208", "display_name": "Emerging technologies", "level": 2, "score": 0.4265977740287781}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C26517878", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039", "display_name": "Key (lock)", "level": 2, "score": 0.4133923053741455}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023", "display_name": "Engineering", "level": 0, "score": 0.3830508589744568}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C201995342", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496", "display_name": "Systems engineering", "level": 1, "score": 0.37907642126083374}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521", "display_name": "Computer security", "level": 1, "score": 0.0866650640964508}], "mesh": [], "locations_count": 1, "locations": [{"id": "doi:10.3390/electronics13030542", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13030542", "pdf_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/13/3/542/pdf?version=1706537048", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210202905", "display_name": "Electronics", "issn_l": "2079-9292", "issn": ["2079-9292"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310310987", "host_organization_name": "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Electronics", "raw_type": "journal-article"}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "doi:10.3390/electronics13030542", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13030542", "pdf_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/13/3/542/pdf?version=1706537048", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210202905", "display_name": "Electronics", "issn_l": "2079-9292", "issn": ["2079-9292"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310310987", "host_organization_name": "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Electronics", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [{"score": 0.5099999904632568, "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2", "display_name": "Zero hunger"}], "awards": [], "funders": [], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": true, "pdf": true}, "content_urls": {"pdf": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391360623.pdf", "grobid_xml": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391360623.grobid-xml"}, "referenced_works_count": 138, "referenced_works": ["https://openalex.org/W1645548342", "https://openalex.org/W2008143450", "https://openalex.org/W2168282852", "https://openalex.org/W2249796449", "https://openalex.org/W2339027962", "https://openalex.org/W2359034754", "https://openalex.org/W2463088651", "https://openalex.org/W2486112845", "https://openalex.org/W2494385314", "https://openalex.org/W2513783222", "https://openalex.org/W2520098839", "https://openalex.org/W2552281866", "https://openalex.org/W2576246534", "https://openalex.org/W2580909119", "https://openalex.org/W2592775223", "https://openalex.org/W2598045445", "https://openalex.org/W2604814377", "https://openalex.org/W2607519269", "https://openalex.org/W2611499155", "https://openalex.org/W2624220448", "https://openalex.org/W2726275180", "https://openalex.org/W2753943679", "https://openalex.org/W2761887522", "https://openalex.org/W2768174095", "https://openalex.org/W2771423385", "https://openalex.org/W2774638240", "https://openalex.org/W2777835527", "https://openalex.org/W2800205355", "https://openalex.org/W2801939058", "https://openalex.org/W2871950322", "https://openalex.org/W2883315958", "https://openalex.org/W2886638267", "https://openalex.org/W2887606570", "https://openalex.org/W2888729493", "https://openalex.org/W2889271376", "https://openalex.org/W2899845710", "https://openalex.org/W2900504836", "https://openalex.org/W2905489114", "https://openalex.org/W2909770671", "https://openalex.org/W2912571550", "https://openalex.org/W2913163749", "https://openalex.org/W2927337228", "https://openalex.org/W2936903114", "https://openalex.org/W2938229910", "https://openalex.org/W2946996332", "https://openalex.org/W2952367389", "https://openalex.org/W2955189310", "https://openalex.org/W2964248288", "https://openalex.org/W2965215408", "https://openalex.org/W2969907558", "https://openalex.org/W2979085846", "https://openalex.org/W2981700299", "https://openalex.org/W2993247505", "https://openalex.org/W3003384280", "https://openalex.org/W3003964667", "https://openalex.org/W3008195728", "https://openalex.org/W3013853629", "https://openalex.org/W3016969588", "https://openalex.org/W3018597304", "https://openalex.org/W3020756225", "https://openalex.org/W3021487874", "https://openalex.org/W3025541901", "https://openalex.org/W3033293603", "https://openalex.org/W3033651146", "https://openalex.org/W3038935994", "https://openalex.org/W3041528150", "https://openalex.org/W3044681009", "https://openalex.org/W3047219565", "https://openalex.org/W3087388190", "https://openalex.org/W3087583997", "https://openalex.org/W3092294596", "https://openalex.org/W3107040798", "https://openalex.org/W3111072416", "https://openalex.org/W3122715520", "https://openalex.org/W3126385256", "https://openalex.org/W3127674568", "https://openalex.org/W3129602264", "https://openalex.org/W3131719100", "https://openalex.org/W3136130522", "https://openalex.org/W3149649747", "https://openalex.org/W3152477916", "https://openalex.org/W3155156799", "https://openalex.org/W3155981689", "https://openalex.org/W3156353372", "https://openalex.org/W3176202740", "https://openalex.org/W3184254257", "https://openalex.org/W3185209449", "https://openalex.org/W3188255222", "https://openalex.org/W3192037738", "https://openalex.org/W3195295274", "https://openalex.org/W3201043272", "https://openalex.org/W3206921000", "https://openalex.org/W3209668867", "https://openalex.org/W3216533807", "https://openalex.org/W3216610153", "https://openalex.org/W4205693154", "https://openalex.org/W4214805454", "https://openalex.org/W4223947403", "https://openalex.org/W4233179180", "https://openalex.org/W4238728835", "https://openalex.org/W4255336861", "https://openalex.org/W4285013525", "https://openalex.org/W4285604191", "https://openalex.org/W4287848462", "https://openalex.org/W4290849813", "https://openalex.org/W4292509487", "https://openalex.org/W4293335425", "https://openalex.org/W4306986166", "https://openalex.org/W4312124134", "https://openalex.org/W4312547519", "https://openalex.org/W4312697061", "https://openalex.org/W4313321425", "https://openalex.org/W4318830390", "https://openalex.org/W4319969430", "https://openalex.org/W4320493621", "https://openalex.org/W4322217183", "https://openalex.org/W4327660549", "https://openalex.org/W4361839316", "https://openalex.org/W4362663195", "https://openalex.org/W4376255674", "https://openalex.org/W4379385261", "https://openalex.org/W4382727848", "https://openalex.org/W4385473956", "https://openalex.org/W4385833986", "https://openalex.org/W4386329356", "https://openalex.org/W4387422591", "https://openalex.org/W4387585082", "https://openalex.org/W4390034995", "https://openalex.org/W6631542788", "https://openalex.org/W6719044275", "https://openalex.org/W6731625319", "https://openalex.org/W6736208525", "https://openalex.org/W6756361511", "https://openalex.org/W6763018803", "https://openalex.org/W6776186472", "https://openalex.org/W6804734160", "https://openalex.org/W6850754028", "https://openalex.org/W6925689088"], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W2748952813", "https://openalex.org/W1508899372", "https://openalex.org/W2012658348", "https://openalex.org/W2039460805", "https://openalex.org/W4250956039", "https://openalex.org/W4240485100", "https://openalex.org/W4254970379", "https://openalex.org/W2056130799", "https://openalex.org/W2045758229", "https://openalex.org/W405964254"], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Intelligent": [0], "robotics": [1, 62, 100, 109], "has": [2], "the": [3, 42, 56, 78, 95], "potential": [4, 115], "to": [5, 23, 93], "revolutionize": [6], "various": [7, 51], "industries": [8, 64], "by": [9, 60, 98], "amplifying": [10], "output,": [11], "streamlining": [12], "operations,": [13], "and": [14, 27, 38, 40, 47, 72, 89, 104, 114, 119, 126, 135, 139], "enriching": [15], "customer": [16], "interactions.": [17], "This": [18], "systematic": [19], "literature": [20], "review": [21], "aims": [22], "analyze": [24], "emerging": [25], "technologies": [26], "trends": [28], "in": [29, 141], "intelligent": [30, 61, 99, 108, 142], "robotics,": [31], "addressing": [32, 90, 111], "key": [33], "research": [34, 54], "questions,": [35], "identifying": [36], "challenges": [37, 92, 113], "opportunities,": [39], "proposing": [41], "best": [43], "practices": [44], "for": [45], "responsible": [46, 121], "beneficial": [48], "integration": [49], "into": [50], "sectors.": [52], "Our": [53], "uncovers": [55], "significant": [57], "improvements": [58], "brought": [59], "across": [63], "such": [65], "as": [66], "manufacturing,": [67], "logistics,": [68], "tourism,": [69], "agriculture,": [70], "healthcare,": [71], "construction.": [73], "The": [74, 102, 123], "main": [75], "results": [76], "indicate": [77], "importance": [79], "of": [80, 107, 128], "focusing": [81], "on": [82], "human\u2013robot": [83], "collaboration,": [84], "ethical": [85], "considerations,": [86], "sustainable": [87], "practices,": [88], "industry-specific": [91], "harness": [94], "opportunities": [96], "presented": [97], "fully.": [101], "implications": [103], "future": [105], "directions": [106], "involve": [110], "both": [112], "risks,": [116], "maximizing": [117], "benefits,": [118], "ensuring": [120], "implementation.": [122], "continuous": [124], "improvement": [125], "refinement": [127], "existing": [129], "technology": [130], "will": [131], "shape": [132], "human": [133], "life": [134], "industries,": [136], "driving": [137], "innovation": [138], "advancements": [140], "robotics.": [143]}, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 74}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 95}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 41}], "updated_date": "2026-09-08T07:41:39.490200", "created_date": "2024-01-31T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W2742299865", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2017.07.011", "title": "Localization of sound sources in robotics: A review", "display_name": "Localization of sound sources in robotics: A review", "relevance_score": 308.10486, "publication_year": 2017, "publication_date": "2017-08-05", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W2742299865", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2017.07.011", "mag": "2742299865"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1016/j.robot.2017.07.011", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2017.07.011", "pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921889016304742/pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S133768115", "display_name": "Robotics and Autonomous Systems", "issn_l": "0921-8890", "issn": ["0921-8890", "1872-793X"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Robotics and Autonomous Systems", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "type": "article", "indexed_in": ["crossref"], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "hybrid", "oa_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921889016304742/pdf", "any_repository_has_fulltext": false}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5085253556", "display_name": "Caleb Rasc\u00f3n", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1176-6365"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I8961855", "display_name": "Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico", "ror": "https://ror.org/01tmp8f25", "country_code": "MX", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I8961855"]}], "countries": ["MX"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Caleb Rascon", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Instituto de Investigaciones en Matematicas Aplicadas y en Sistemas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Circuito Escolar S/N, Mexico 04510, Mexico"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1176-6365", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Instituto de Investigaciones en Matematicas Aplicadas y en Sistemas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Circuito Escolar S/N, Mexico 04510, Mexico", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I8961855"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5083331228", "display_name": "Iv\u00e1n Meza", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7239-1480"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I8961855", "display_name": "Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico", "ror": "https://ror.org/01tmp8f25", "country_code": "MX", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I8961855"]}], "countries": ["MX"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ivan Meza", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Instituto de Investigaciones en Matematicas Aplicadas y en Sistemas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Circuito Escolar S/N, Mexico 04510, Mexico"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7239-1480", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Instituto de Investigaciones en Matematicas Aplicadas y en Sistemas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Circuito Escolar S/N, Mexico 04510, Mexico", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I8961855"]}]}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 1, "institutions_distinct_count": 1, "corresponding_author_ids": ["https://openalex.org/A5085253556"], "corresponding_institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I8961855"], "apc_list": {"value": 3140, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 3140}, "apc_paid": {"value": 3140, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 3140}, "fwci": 15.9622, "has_fulltext": true, "cited_by_count": 268, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 0.99527363, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 94, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": "96", "issue": null, "first_page": "184", "last_page": "210"}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10860", "display_name": "Speech and Audio Processing", "score": 1.0, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1711", "display_name": "Signal Processing"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10860", "display_name": "Speech and Audio Processing", "score": 1.0, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1711", "display_name": "Signal Processing"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10822", "display_name": "Acoustic Wave Phenomena Research", "score": 0.9975000023841858, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2204", "display_name": "Biomedical Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11309", "display_name": "Music and Audio Processing", "score": 0.996999979019165, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1711", "display_name": "Signal Processing"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics", "display_name": "Robotics", "score": 0.8412002921104431}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science", "display_name": "Computer science", "score": 0.7925004363059998}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/robot", "display_name": "Robot", "score": 0.7741829752922058}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "score": 0.6818256378173828}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/context", "display_name": "Context (archaeology)", "score": 0.5772801041603088}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction", "display_name": "Human\u2013computer interaction", "score": 0.5183947682380676}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustic-source-localization", "display_name": "Acoustic source localization", "score": 0.5154998898506165}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/field", "display_name": "Field (mathematics)", "score": 0.4925292432308197}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/set", "display_name": "Set (abstract data type)", "score": 0.4627615809440613}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013robot-interaction", "display_name": "Human\u2013robot interaction", "score": 0.45368659496307373}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/sound", "display_name": "Sound (geography)", "score": 0.3572551906108856}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision", "display_name": "Computer vision", "score": 0.33407604694366455}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C34413123", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978", "display_name": "Robotics", "level": 3, "score": 0.8412002921104431}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198", "display_name": "Computer science", "level": 0, "score": 0.7925004363059998}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C90509273", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012", "display_name": "Robot", "level": 2, "score": 0.7741829752922058}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "level": 1, "score": 0.6818256378173828}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175", "display_name": "Context (archaeology)", "level": 2, "score": 0.5772801041603088}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C107457646", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434", "display_name": "Human\u2013computer interaction", "level": 1, "score": 0.5183947682380676}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C93240960", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217270", "display_name": "Acoustic source localization", "level": 3, "score": 0.5154998898506165}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C9652623", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109", "display_name": "Field (mathematics)", "level": 2, "score": 0.4925292432308197}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C177264268", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741", "display_name": "Set (abstract data type)", "level": 2, "score": 0.4627615809440613}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C145460709", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q859951", "display_name": "Human\u2013robot interaction", "level": 3, "score": 0.45368659496307373}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C203718221", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q491713", "display_name": "Sound (geography)", "level": 2, "score": 0.3572551906108856}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C31972630", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240", "display_name": "Computer vision", "level": 1, "score": 0.33407604694366455}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C199360897", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143", "display_name": "Programming language", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C151730666", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205", "display_name": "Paleontology", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420", "display_name": "Biology", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395", "display_name": "Mathematics", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C202444582", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863", "display_name": "Pure mathematics", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C114793014", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109", "display_name": "Geomorphology", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C127313418", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069", "display_name": "Geology", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}], "mesh": [], "locations_count": 1, "locations": [{"id": "doi:10.1016/j.robot.2017.07.011", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2017.07.011", "pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921889016304742/pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S133768115", "display_name": "Robotics and Autonomous Systems", "issn_l": "0921-8890", "issn": ["0921-8890", "1872-793X"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Robotics and Autonomous Systems", "raw_type": "journal-article"}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "doi:10.1016/j.robot.2017.07.011", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2017.07.011", "pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921889016304742/pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S133768115", "display_name": "Robotics and Autonomous Systems", "issn_l": "0921-8890", "issn": ["0921-8890", "1872-793X"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Robotics and Autonomous Systems", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [{"score": 0.7099999785423279, "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4", "display_name": "Quality Education"}], "awards": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/G5169940412", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "251319", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320321739", "funder_display_name": "Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G6489945414", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "PICCO12-024", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320310066", "funder_display_name": "Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda del Distrito Federal"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/G6654360933", "display_name": null, "funder_award_id": "178673", "funder_id": "https://openalex.org/F4320321739", "funder_display_name": "Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda"}], "funders": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320310066", "display_name": "Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda del Distrito Federal", "ror": "https://ror.org/01fncf688"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320321739", "display_name": "Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda", "ror": "https://ror.org/059ex5q34"}], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": true, "pdf": true}, "content_urls": {"pdf": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2742299865.pdf", "grobid_xml": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2742299865.grobid-xml"}, "referenced_works_count": 305, "referenced_works": ["https://openalex.org/W56584322", "https://openalex.org/W59675154", "https://openalex.org/W60975246", "https://openalex.org/W70999531", "https://openalex.org/W115540051", "https://openalex.org/W124864882", "https://openalex.org/W182689536", "https://openalex.org/W199515402", "https://openalex.org/W212319062", "https://openalex.org/W222641635", "https://openalex.org/W324740583", "https://openalex.org/W625673579", "https://openalex.org/W746806679", "https://openalex.org/W1480554748", "https://openalex.org/W1487212816", "https://openalex.org/W1497359569", "https://openalex.org/W1502692652", "https://openalex.org/W1518139628", "https://openalex.org/W1519073454", "https://openalex.org/W1520184532", "https://openalex.org/W1526407876", "https://openalex.org/W1550099599", "https://openalex.org/W1552125142", "https://openalex.org/W1553302469", "https://openalex.org/W1560213421", "https://openalex.org/W1561130515", "https://openalex.org/W1564251190", "https://openalex.org/W1575111662", "https://openalex.org/W1581848821", "https://openalex.org/W1593557000", "https://openalex.org/W1603215226", "https://openalex.org/W1603544686", "https://openalex.org/W1606953293", "https://openalex.org/W1633553125", "https://openalex.org/W1664443002", "https://openalex.org/W1751218274", "https://openalex.org/W1751598325", "https://openalex.org/W1786963892", "https://openalex.org/W1819687910", "https://openalex.org/W1823307876", "https://openalex.org/W1846723108", "https://openalex.org/W1869758581", "https://openalex.org/W1915472563", "https://openalex.org/W1932412845", "https://openalex.org/W1966089223", "https://openalex.org/W1966371537", "https://openalex.org/W1969731221", "https://openalex.org/W1970491986", "https://openalex.org/W1971920230", "https://openalex.org/W1974872762", "https://openalex.org/W1975350514", "https://openalex.org/W1978407185", "https://openalex.org/W1982431017", "https://openalex.org/W1982466904", "https://openalex.org/W1983306266", "https://openalex.org/W1984214926", "https://openalex.org/W1985908849", "https://openalex.org/W1986630289", "https://openalex.org/W1989286028", "https://openalex.org/W1993281582", "https://openalex.org/W1993815147", "https://openalex.org/W1995248684", "https://openalex.org/W1997836753", "https://openalex.org/W2003027749", "https://openalex.org/W2004909598", "https://openalex.org/W2006699983", "https://openalex.org/W2015101387", "https://openalex.org/W2015890751", "https://openalex.org/W2015977148", "https://openalex.org/W2016565202", "https://openalex.org/W2017111167", "https://openalex.org/W2019231209", "https://openalex.org/W2020969069", "https://openalex.org/W2022347952", "https://openalex.org/W2023792469", "https://openalex.org/W2024365188", "https://openalex.org/W2028310195", "https://openalex.org/W2029661668", "https://openalex.org/W2032094251", "https://openalex.org/W2035083192", "https://openalex.org/W2037684811", "https://openalex.org/W2042780085", "https://openalex.org/W2043264942", "https://openalex.org/W2046317813", "https://openalex.org/W2051373563", "https://openalex.org/W2052622025", "https://openalex.org/W2056197638", "https://openalex.org/W2057665085", "https://openalex.org/W2059053466", "https://openalex.org/W2063521662", "https://openalex.org/W2066218102", "https://openalex.org/W2068556767", "https://openalex.org/W2069432516", "https://openalex.org/W2070775573", "https://openalex.org/W2073459066", "https://openalex.org/W2074335765", "https://openalex.org/W2075360134", "https://openalex.org/W2075562975", "https://openalex.org/W2076011736", "https://openalex.org/W2076523880", "https://openalex.org/W2080194692", "https://openalex.org/W2082120918", "https://openalex.org/W2084637638", "https://openalex.org/W2088292446", "https://openalex.org/W2088394392", "https://openalex.org/W2090024980", "https://openalex.org/W2092524451", "https://openalex.org/W2093010905", "https://openalex.org/W2098004742", "https://openalex.org/W2098613108", "https://openalex.org/W2100798684", "https://openalex.org/W2100810218", "https://openalex.org/W2101045344", "https://openalex.org/W2101609516", "https://openalex.org/W2101856597", "https://openalex.org/W2104422351", "https://openalex.org/W2104484061", "https://openalex.org/W2104585670", "https://openalex.org/W2104623391", "https://openalex.org/W2105405275", "https://openalex.org/W2105934661", "https://openalex.org/W2107669460", "https://openalex.org/W2108598243", "https://openalex.org/W2109355036", "https://openalex.org/W2110034964", "https://openalex.org/W2111787305", "https://openalex.org/W2112080182", "https://openalex.org/W2112406167", "https://openalex.org/W2113416157", "https://openalex.org/W2113469515", "https://openalex.org/W2113638573", "https://openalex.org/W2114863372", "https://openalex.org/W2116101591", "https://openalex.org/W2116546045", "https://openalex.org/W2117029426", "https://openalex.org/W2117361667", "https://openalex.org/W2121065047", "https://openalex.org/W2121684290", "https://openalex.org/W2122584206", "https://openalex.org/W2122796820", "https://openalex.org/W2126151764", "https://openalex.org/W2126980866", "https://openalex.org/W2128847674", "https://openalex.org/W2129182519", "https://openalex.org/W2129821199", "https://openalex.org/W2130642871", "https://openalex.org/W2130994896", "https://openalex.org/W2131958840", "https://openalex.org/W2135955909", "https://openalex.org/W2137171066", "https://openalex.org/W2137192709", "https://openalex.org/W2137666850", "https://openalex.org/W2139129402", "https://openalex.org/W2140869575", "https://openalex.org/W2141160900", "https://openalex.org/W2142190957", "https://openalex.org/W2143986816", "https://openalex.org/W2145268975", "https://openalex.org/W2146085064", "https://openalex.org/W2146643998", "https://openalex.org/W2147205964", "https://openalex.org/W2147336803", "https://openalex.org/W2147673046", "https://openalex.org/W2147871138", "https://openalex.org/W2148142846", "https://openalex.org/W2148492591", "https://openalex.org/W2150350931", "https://openalex.org/W2150631793", "https://openalex.org/W2151227854", "https://openalex.org/W2151346922", "https://openalex.org/W2152994363", "https://openalex.org/W2156193808", "https://openalex.org/W2157437312", "https://openalex.org/W2158412868", "https://openalex.org/W2158852496", "https://openalex.org/W2159801939", "https://openalex.org/W2160337655", "https://openalex.org/W2160911448", "https://openalex.org/W2162607306", "https://openalex.org/W2162634167", "https://openalex.org/W2164183590", "https://openalex.org/W2165150069", "https://openalex.org/W2166630231", "https://openalex.org/W2168483376", "https://openalex.org/W2169241800", "https://openalex.org/W2170534702", "https://openalex.org/W2171322294", "https://openalex.org/W2171355909", "https://openalex.org/W2193413348", "https://openalex.org/W2198591874", "https://openalex.org/W2200788328", "https://openalex.org/W2207851367", "https://openalex.org/W2213262040", "https://openalex.org/W2218753925", "https://openalex.org/W2245569228", "https://openalex.org/W2260726026", "https://openalex.org/W2271701291", "https://openalex.org/W2284190942", "https://openalex.org/W2288466759", "https://openalex.org/W2319855873", "https://openalex.org/W2322858823", "https://openalex.org/W2397560278", "https://openalex.org/W2400599378", "https://openalex.org/W2402008087", "https://openalex.org/W2402406932", "https://openalex.org/W2403149086", "https://openalex.org/W2413091727", "https://openalex.org/W2419646137", "https://openalex.org/W2468937690", "https://openalex.org/W2507047371", "https://openalex.org/W2540093921", "https://openalex.org/W2542850194", "https://openalex.org/W2586642235", "https://openalex.org/W2591830357", "https://openalex.org/W2592008997", "https://openalex.org/W2592087066", "https://openalex.org/W2592109325", "https://openalex.org/W2592600618", "https://openalex.org/W2592765458", "https://openalex.org/W2594538140", "https://openalex.org/W2594962660", "https://openalex.org/W2596526952", "https://openalex.org/W2596989490", "https://openalex.org/W2597622074", "https://openalex.org/W2600904302", "https://openalex.org/W2602441275", "https://openalex.org/W2603384047", "https://openalex.org/W2604292070", "https://openalex.org/W2605654586", "https://openalex.org/W2752033972", "https://openalex.org/W2886362482", "https://openalex.org/W2889404499", "https://openalex.org/W2898735998", "https://openalex.org/W2919115771", "https://openalex.org/W3100003654", "https://openalex.org/W3100871498", "https://openalex.org/W3141899746", "https://openalex.org/W3142707146", "https://openalex.org/W3147204466", "https://openalex.org/W3149173221", "https://openalex.org/W3152135410", "https://openalex.org/W3173503818", "https://openalex.org/W3177321666", "https://openalex.org/W4205632023", "https://openalex.org/W4231934124", "https://openalex.org/W4234552385", "https://openalex.org/W4236822093", "https://openalex.org/W4239232868", "https://openalex.org/W4249233943", "https://openalex.org/W4300098418", "https://openalex.org/W4376562541", "https://openalex.org/W6600299538", "https://openalex.org/W6600440518", "https://openalex.org/W6600841098", "https://openalex.org/W6601139603", "https://openalex.org/W6601484203", "https://openalex.org/W6602287924", "https://openalex.org/W6602408634", "https://openalex.org/W6609200041", "https://openalex.org/W6609654471", "https://openalex.org/W6611247882", "https://openalex.org/W6628961907", "https://openalex.org/W6629150500", "https://openalex.org/W6633248539", "https://openalex.org/W6633790051", "https://openalex.org/W6635553169", "https://openalex.org/W6637396544", "https://openalex.org/W6642799135", "https://openalex.org/W6646686960", "https://openalex.org/W6651720156", "https://openalex.org/W6656178999", "https://openalex.org/W6663522860", "https://openalex.org/W6668990524", "https://openalex.org/W6670764007", "https://openalex.org/W6675336108", "https://openalex.org/W6675829278", "https://openalex.org/W6676297131", "https://openalex.org/W6676574038", "https://openalex.org/W6676780147", "https://openalex.org/W6677062644", "https://openalex.org/W6678139903", "https://openalex.org/W6678796606", "https://openalex.org/W6679014922", "https://openalex.org/W6679174508", "https://openalex.org/W6679546383", "https://openalex.org/W6680049427", "https://openalex.org/W6680900109", "https://openalex.org/W6682524115", "https://openalex.org/W6684285534", "https://openalex.org/W6684439031", "https://openalex.org/W6684515061", "https://openalex.org/W6685239651", "https://openalex.org/W6685928754", "https://openalex.org/W6687566353", "https://openalex.org/W6688844148", "https://openalex.org/W6692664090", "https://openalex.org/W6693534757", "https://openalex.org/W6696094194", "https://openalex.org/W6712697115", "https://openalex.org/W6720309224", "https://openalex.org/W6726068998", "https://openalex.org/W6733276319", "https://openalex.org/W6797965827", "https://openalex.org/W6814523294", "https://openalex.org/W6844057175"], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W2909726438", "https://openalex.org/W2067046791", "https://openalex.org/W1508899372", "https://openalex.org/W2909888262", "https://openalex.org/W2012658348", "https://openalex.org/W3205513966", "https://openalex.org/W2052971528", "https://openalex.org/W3120459843", "https://openalex.org/W4366547574", "https://openalex.org/W3200191727"], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Sound": [0], "source": [1, 26, 42], "localization": [2], "(SSL)": [3], "in": [4, 11, 82, 96], "a": [5, 20, 24, 77, 125], "robotic": [6], "platform": [7], "has": [8, 31], "been": [9], "essential": [10], "the": [12, 51, 65, 69, 73, 89], "overall": [13], "scheme": [14], "of": [15, 58, 68, 94, 103, 112, 127], "robot": [16, 21, 37], "audition.": [17], "It": [18, 30], "allows": [19], "to": [22, 62, 80], "locate": [23], "sound": [25, 28], "by": [27, 49], "alone.": [29], "an": [32, 98], "important": [33], "impact": [34], "on": [35], "other": [36], "audition": [38], "modules,": [39], "such": [40], "as": [41, 114, 116], "separation,": [43], "and": [44, 75, 91, 101, 106, 124, 129], "it": [45], "enriches": [46], "human\u2013robot": [47], "interaction": [48], "complementing": [50], "robot\u2019s": [52], "perceptual": [53], "capabilities.": [54], "The": [55], "main": [56], "objective": [57], "this": [59, 85], "review": [60, 100], "is": [61], "thoroughly": [63], "map": [64], "current": [66], "state": [67], "SSL": [70, 81, 95, 104, 113], "field": [71], "for": [72, 122], "reader": [74], "provide": [76], "starting": [78], "point": [79], "robotics.": [83], "To": [84], "effect,": [86], "we": [87], "present:": [88], "evolution": [90], "historical": [92], "context": [93], "robotics;": [97], "extensive": [99], "classification": [102], "techniques": [105], "popular": [107], "tracking": [108], "methodologies;": [109], "different": [110], "facets": [111], "well": [115], "its": [117], "state-of-the-art;": [118], "evaluation": [119], "methodologies": [120], "used": [121], "SSL;": [123], "set": [126], "challenges": [128], "research": [130], "motivations.": [131]}, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 15}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 24}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 39}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 38}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 34}, {"year": 2021, "cited_by_count": 37}, {"year": 2020, "cited_by_count": 39}, {"year": 2019, "cited_by_count": 27}, {"year": 2018, "cited_by_count": 13}, {"year": 2017, "cited_by_count": 2}], "updated_date": "2026-09-12T09:15:50.089291", "created_date": "2025-10-10T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W3166238888", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogr.2021.06.001", "title": "Substantial capabilities of robotics in enhancing industry 4.0 implementation", "display_name": "Substantial capabilities of robotics in enhancing industry 4.0 implementation", "relevance_score": 305.21317, "publication_year": 2021, "publication_date": "2021-01-01", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W3166238888", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogr.2021.06.001", "mag": "3166238888"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1016/j.cogr.2021.06.001", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogr.2021.06.001", "pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667241321000057/pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210183939", "display_name": "Cognitive Robotics", "issn_l": "2667-2413", "issn": ["2667-2413"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Cognitive Robotics", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "type": "article", "indexed_in": ["crossref", "doaj"], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "gold", "oa_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667241321000057/pdf", "any_repository_has_fulltext": false}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5001731771", "display_name": "Mohd Javaid", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8871-2886"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I59475050", "display_name": "Jamia Millia Islamia", "ror": "https://ror.org/00pnhhv55", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I59475050"]}], "countries": ["IN"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Mohd Javaid", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I59475050"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5087686222", "display_name": "Abid Haleem", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3487-0229"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I59475050", "display_name": "Jamia Millia Islamia", "ror": "https://ror.org/00pnhhv55", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I59475050"]}], "countries": ["IN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Abid Haleem", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I59475050"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5062046298", "display_name": "Ravi Pratap Singh", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5827-3560"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I70971781", "display_name": "Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology Jalandhar", "ror": "https://ror.org/03xt0bg88", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I70971781"]}], "countries": ["IN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ravi Pratap Singh", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, Punjab, India"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, Punjab, India", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I70971781"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5065005095", "display_name": "Rajiv Suman", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I252758333", "display_name": "Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/02msjvh03", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I252758333"]}], "countries": ["IN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Rajiv Suman", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Industrial & Production Engineering, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Industrial & Production Engineering, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I252758333"]}]}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 1, "institutions_distinct_count": 3, "corresponding_author_ids": ["https://openalex.org/A5001731771"], "corresponding_institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I59475050"], "apc_list": {"value": 700, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 700}, "apc_paid": {"value": 700, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 700}, "fwci": 47.2653, "has_fulltext": true, "cited_by_count": 563, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 0.99935373, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 98, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": "1", "issue": null, "first_page": "58", "last_page": "75"}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10763", "display_name": "Digital Transformation in Industry", "score": 0.9980000257492065, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2209", "display_name": "Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10763", "display_name": "Digital Transformation in Industry", "score": 0.9980000257492065, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2209", "display_name": "Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11814", "display_name": "Advanced Manufacturing and Logistics Optimization", "score": 0.977400004863739, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2209", "display_name": "Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11159", "display_name": "Manufacturing Process and Optimization", "score": 0.9315999746322632, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2209", "display_name": "Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics", "display_name": "Robotics", "score": 0.8093726634979248}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/automation", "display_name": "Automation", "score": 0.7076959609985352}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "score": 0.6740162968635559}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/manufacturing-engineering", "display_name": "Manufacturing engineering", "score": 0.5817405581474304}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/robot", "display_name": "Robot", "score": 0.524795413017273}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/factory", "display_name": "Factory (object-oriented programming)", "score": 0.5169169902801514}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/manufacturing", "display_name": "Manufacturing", "score": 0.4920935034751892}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/field", "display_name": "Field (mathematics)", "score": 0.4413042962551117}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science", "display_name": "Computer science", "score": 0.43856751918792725}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/industry-4.0", "display_name": "Industry 4.0", "score": 0.4359278082847595}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering", "display_name": "Engineering", "score": 0.4026928246021271}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-management", "display_name": "Engineering management", "score": 0.4020562171936035}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system", "display_name": "Embedded system", "score": 0.1637933850288391}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/business", "display_name": "Business", "score": 0.1454828679561615}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing", "display_name": "Marketing", "score": 0.11453387141227722}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering", "display_name": "Mechanical engineering", "score": 0.10349258780479431}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C34413123", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978", "display_name": "Robotics", "level": 3, "score": 0.8093726634979248}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C115901376", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199", "display_name": "Automation", "level": 2, "score": 0.7076959609985352}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "level": 1, "score": 0.6740162968635559}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C117671659", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11049265", "display_name": "Manufacturing engineering", "level": 1, "score": 0.5817405581474304}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C90509273", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012", "display_name": "Robot", "level": 2, "score": 0.524795413017273}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C40149104", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5620977", "display_name": "Factory (object-oriented programming)", "level": 2, "score": 0.5169169902801514}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C175700187", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187939", "display_name": "Manufacturing", "level": 2, "score": 0.4920935034751892}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C9652623", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109", "display_name": "Field (mathematics)", "level": 2, "score": 0.4413042962551117}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198", "display_name": "Computer science", "level": 0, "score": 0.43856751918792725}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777986313", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1661989", "display_name": "Industry 4.0", "level": 2, "score": 0.4359278082847595}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023", "display_name": "Engineering", "level": 0, "score": 0.4026928246021271}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C110354214", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146", "display_name": "Engineering management", "level": 1, "score": 0.4020562171936035}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C149635348", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040", "display_name": "Embedded system", "level": 1, "score": 0.1637933850288391}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453", "display_name": "Business", "level": 0, "score": 0.1454828679561615}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809", "display_name": "Marketing", "level": 1, "score": 0.11453387141227722}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C78519656", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333", "display_name": "Mechanical engineering", "level": 1, "score": 0.10349258780479431}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395", "display_name": "Mathematics", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C199360897", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143", "display_name": "Programming language", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C202444582", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863", "display_name": "Pure mathematics", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}], "mesh": [], "locations_count": 2, "locations": [{"id": "doi:10.1016/j.cogr.2021.06.001", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogr.2021.06.001", "pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667241321000057/pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210183939", "display_name": "Cognitive Robotics", "issn_l": "2667-2413", "issn": ["2667-2413"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Cognitive Robotics", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d0cc46df8a274a22a6d05ae8b7d5778e", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doaj.org/article/d0cc46df8a274a22a6d05ae8b7d5778e", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280", "display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "Cognitive Robotics, Vol 1, Iss , Pp 58-75 (2021)", "raw_type": "article"}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "doi:10.1016/j.cogr.2021.06.001", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogr.2021.06.001", "pdf_url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667241321000057/pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210183939", "display_name": "Cognitive Robotics", "issn_l": "2667-2413", "issn": ["2667-2413"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Cognitive Robotics", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [{"score": 0.5699999928474426, "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9", "display_name": "Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}], "awards": [], "funders": [], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": true, "pdf": true}, "content_urls": {"pdf": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W3166238888.pdf", "grobid_xml": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W3166238888.grobid-xml"}, "referenced_works_count": 232, "referenced_works": ["https://openalex.org/W972842902", "https://openalex.org/W1570903953", "https://openalex.org/W1614964691", "https://openalex.org/W1645548342", "https://openalex.org/W1826399803", "https://openalex.org/W1851459058", "https://openalex.org/W1969324951", "https://openalex.org/W1983156320", "https://openalex.org/W1983241812", "https://openalex.org/W1987047225", "https://openalex.org/W1991518575", "https://openalex.org/W1992581312", "https://openalex.org/W1992985704", "https://openalex.org/W2013150564", "https://openalex.org/W2014127428", "https://openalex.org/W2020362991", "https://openalex.org/W2020851875", "https://openalex.org/W2024389601", "https://openalex.org/W2032465429", "https://openalex.org/W2047029410", "https://openalex.org/W2057244098", "https://openalex.org/W2076253963", "https://openalex.org/W2085302753", "https://openalex.org/W2099915711", "https://openalex.org/W2105774558", "https://openalex.org/W2110837847", "https://openalex.org/W2131444840", "https://openalex.org/W2133465965", "https://openalex.org/W2136389766", "https://openalex.org/W2138664833", "https://openalex.org/W2145364455", "https://openalex.org/W2159593326", "https://openalex.org/W2174021708", "https://openalex.org/W2174644224", "https://openalex.org/W2175330946", "https://openalex.org/W2196056879", "https://openalex.org/W2292482869", "https://openalex.org/W2296718990", "https://openalex.org/W2318055712", "https://openalex.org/W2325775534", "https://openalex.org/W2336082409", "https://openalex.org/W2419360510", "https://openalex.org/W2464400784", "https://openalex.org/W2465639267", "https://openalex.org/W2470567655", "https://openalex.org/W2474655341", "https://openalex.org/W2489692225", "https://openalex.org/W2509165375", "https://openalex.org/W2528223815", "https://openalex.org/W2543334597", "https://openalex.org/W2556512662", "https://openalex.org/W2575065550", "https://openalex.org/W2587038523", "https://openalex.org/W2598976192", "https://openalex.org/W2599934248", "https://openalex.org/W2611616978", "https://openalex.org/W2737065706", "https://openalex.org/W2746007326", "https://openalex.org/W2753155801", "https://openalex.org/W2755214325", "https://openalex.org/W2755253778", "https://openalex.org/W2755948052", "https://openalex.org/W2756034343", "https://openalex.org/W2762731413", "https://openalex.org/W2764138653", "https://openalex.org/W2764167190", "https://openalex.org/W2764240143", "https://openalex.org/W2768174095", "https://openalex.org/W2771783069", "https://openalex.org/W2782772445", "https://openalex.org/W2785339424", "https://openalex.org/W2788068436", "https://openalex.org/W2789905221", "https://openalex.org/W2791987562", "https://openalex.org/W2792758432", "https://openalex.org/W2793922568", "https://openalex.org/W2794748814", "https://openalex.org/W2797217660", "https://openalex.org/W2803735436", "https://openalex.org/W2804673823", "https://openalex.org/W2808388724", "https://openalex.org/W2808845928", "https://openalex.org/W2809752678", "https://openalex.org/W2811500644", "https://openalex.org/W2883165917", "https://openalex.org/W2883908928", "https://openalex.org/W2884407627", "https://openalex.org/W2894564075", "https://openalex.org/W2904029666", "https://openalex.org/W2908815325", "https://openalex.org/W2909214268", "https://openalex.org/W2912140689", "https://openalex.org/W2913314997", "https://openalex.org/W2919625781", "https://openalex.org/W2935806806", "https://openalex.org/W2946194939", "https://openalex.org/W2947746812", "https://openalex.org/W2950091361", "https://openalex.org/W2966378370", "https://openalex.org/W2970606861", "https://openalex.org/W2971126969", "https://openalex.org/W2979044362", "https://openalex.org/W2980207279", "https://openalex.org/W2980215516", "https://openalex.org/W2983703681", "https://openalex.org/W2987129950", "https://openalex.org/W2988347076", "https://openalex.org/W2993698264", "https://openalex.org/W2998287389", "https://openalex.org/W2999228243", "https://openalex.org/W3000189571", "https://openalex.org/W3004865641", "https://openalex.org/W3006267429", "https://openalex.org/W3010699970", "https://openalex.org/W3012146802", "https://openalex.org/W3014847672", "https://openalex.org/W3016206132", "https://openalex.org/W3017623177", "https://openalex.org/W3021644002", "https://openalex.org/W3021649193", "https://openalex.org/W3022909269", "https://openalex.org/W3022920198", "https://openalex.org/W3026534984", "https://openalex.org/W3037908001", "https://openalex.org/W3039839278", "https://openalex.org/W3045522824", "https://openalex.org/W3046060794", "https://openalex.org/W3048337091", "https://openalex.org/W3048688665", "https://openalex.org/W3048825869", "https://openalex.org/W3080358008", "https://openalex.org/W3081098355", "https://openalex.org/W3081116190", "https://openalex.org/W3083540193", "https://openalex.org/W3089386015", "https://openalex.org/W3089619751", "https://openalex.org/W3089656204", "https://openalex.org/W3091096675", "https://openalex.org/W3091263435", "https://openalex.org/W3092153019", "https://openalex.org/W3092247915", "https://openalex.org/W3092881550", "https://openalex.org/W3093437542", "https://openalex.org/W3097131663", "https://openalex.org/W3100407180", "https://openalex.org/W3101234243", "https://openalex.org/W3104152360", "https://openalex.org/W3106795364", "https://openalex.org/W3107449683", "https://openalex.org/W3107570039", "https://openalex.org/W3108152195", "https://openalex.org/W3108745425", "https://openalex.org/W3109101363", "https://openalex.org/W3111890365", "https://openalex.org/W3112130234", "https://openalex.org/W3113798519", "https://openalex.org/W3116703926", "https://openalex.org/W3118238019", "https://openalex.org/W3118361915", "https://openalex.org/W3119214415", "https://openalex.org/W3120188930", "https://openalex.org/W3120289735", "https://openalex.org/W3120731555", "https://openalex.org/W3123293172", "https://openalex.org/W3124279314", "https://openalex.org/W3124963342", "https://openalex.org/W3125090626", "https://openalex.org/W3125091758", "https://openalex.org/W3125456777", "https://openalex.org/W3126230403", "https://openalex.org/W3126247384", "https://openalex.org/W3126294703", "https://openalex.org/W3127107489", "https://openalex.org/W3127713043", "https://openalex.org/W3127901845", "https://openalex.org/W3130233092", "https://openalex.org/W3131124680", "https://openalex.org/W3132330847", "https://openalex.org/W3133928066", "https://openalex.org/W3134959395", "https://openalex.org/W3135093595", "https://openalex.org/W3135109477", "https://openalex.org/W3136287291", "https://openalex.org/W3138335083", "https://openalex.org/W3139229889", "https://openalex.org/W3187318797", "https://openalex.org/W4230584697", "https://openalex.org/W4240233451", "https://openalex.org/W4241385702", "https://openalex.org/W4243410648", "https://openalex.org/W4244830796", "https://openalex.org/W4250352940", "https://openalex.org/W4301409763", "https://openalex.org/W4302621048", "https://openalex.org/W4365799847", "https://openalex.org/W4376502360", "https://openalex.org/W6648596621", "https://openalex.org/W6680060562", "https://openalex.org/W6683409262", "https://openalex.org/W6720266987", "https://openalex.org/W6729949653", "https://openalex.org/W6741465609", "https://openalex.org/W6744437509", "https://openalex.org/W6744529632", "https://openalex.org/W6744879054", "https://openalex.org/W6745230740", "https://openalex.org/W6748057658", "https://openalex.org/W6749485438", "https://openalex.org/W6749853808", "https://openalex.org/W6750702382", "https://openalex.org/W6751478138", "https://openalex.org/W6752879797", "https://openalex.org/W6753706867", "https://openalex.org/W6758741442", "https://openalex.org/W6763255947", "https://openalex.org/W6764321937", "https://openalex.org/W6766972469", "https://openalex.org/W6772544994", "https://openalex.org/W6775306902", "https://openalex.org/W6775825605", "https://openalex.org/W6776619408", "https://openalex.org/W6777709984", "https://openalex.org/W6780276159", "https://openalex.org/W6782104717", "https://openalex.org/W6783799587", "https://openalex.org/W6788304498", "https://openalex.org/W6788420331", "https://openalex.org/W6789609422", "https://openalex.org/W6789845114", "https://openalex.org/W6790029823", "https://openalex.org/W6790325548", "https://openalex.org/W6798961829"], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W2384486034", "https://openalex.org/W1508899372", "https://openalex.org/W2462792858", "https://openalex.org/W2992534160", "https://openalex.org/W1595058678", "https://openalex.org/W3022812046", "https://openalex.org/W2745830841", "https://openalex.org/W2992967685", "https://openalex.org/W4384917363", "https://openalex.org/W2801175696"], "abstract_inverted_index": {"There": [0], "is": [1, 15, 26, 59, 82, 187], "the": [2, 16, 38, 63, 70, 87, 100, 127, 141, 147, 178], "increased": [3], "application": [4], "of": [5, 30, 40, 65, 72, 79, 89, 102, 144, 149, 160], "new": [6, 17], "technologies": [7], "in": [8, 37, 146, 207, 213, 232], "manufacturing,": [9], "service,": [10], "and": [11, 48, 53, 104, 114, 130, 135, 151, 202, 228], "communications.": [12], "Industry": [13, 31, 80, 163], "4.0": [14, 81], "fourth": [18], "industrial": [19], "revolution,": [20], "which": [21, 33], "supports": [22], "organisational": [23], "efficiency.": [24], "Robotics": [25, 58, 145, 161], "an": [27], "important": [28], "technology": [29, 43, 186], "4.0,": [32], "provides": [34], "extensive": [35], "capabilities": [36], "field": [39, 148], "manufacturing.": [41], "This": [42, 138, 185], "has": [44], "enhanced": [45], "automation": [46], "systems": [47], "does": [49], "repetitive": [50], "jobs": [51], "precisely": [52], "at": [54], "a": [55, 191, 204], "lower": [56], "cost.": [57], "progressively": [60], "leading": [61], "to": [62, 109, 177, 189, 219], "manufacturing": [64, 121, 150, 171], "quality": [66], "products": [67], "while": [68], "maintaining": [69], "value": [71], "existing": [73], "collaborators": [74], "schemes.": [75], "The": [76, 154], "primary": [77], "outcome": [78], "intelligent": [83, 98, 214], "factories": [84, 215], "developed": [85], "with": [86], "aid": [88], "advanced": [90, 106], "robotics,": [91], "massive": [92], "data,": [93], "cloud": [94], "computing,": [95], "solid": [96], "safety,": [97], "sensors,": [99], "Internet": [101], "things,": [103], "other": [105, 182], "technological": [107], "developments": [108], "be": [110], "highly": [111], "powerful,": [112], "safe,": [113], "cost-effective.": [115], "Thus,": [116], "businesses": [117], "will": [118], "refine": [119], "their": [120], "for": [122, 162, 168, 203], "mass": [123], "adaptation": [124], "by": [125], "improving": [126], "workplace's": [128], "safety": [129], "reliability": [131], "on": [132], "actual": [133], "work": [134], "saving": [136], "costs.": [137], "paper": [139, 155], "discusses": [140, 156], "significant": [142], "potential": [143], "allied": [152], "areas.": [153], "eighteen": [157], "major": [158], "applications": [159], "4.0.": [164], "Robots": [165], "are": [166], "ideal": [167], "collecting": [169], "mysterious": [170], "data": [172], "as": [173], "they": [174, 224], "operate": [175], "closer": [176], "component": [179], "than": [180], "most": [181], "factory": [183], "machines.": [184], "helpful": [188], "perform": [190, 220], "complex": [192], "hazardous": [193], "job,": [194], "automation,": [195], "sustain": [196], "high": [197], "temperature,": [198], "working": [199], "entire": [200], "time": [201], "long": [205], "duration": [206], "assembly": [208], "lines.": [209], "Many": [210], "robots": [211], "operating": [212], "use": [216], "artificial": [217], "intelligence": [218], "high-level": [221], "tasks.": [222], "Now": [223], "can": [225], "also": [226], "decide": [227], "learn": [229], "from": [230], "experience": [231], "various": [233], "ongoing": [234], "situations.": [235]}, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 51}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 147}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 189}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 117}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 53}, {"year": 2021, "cited_by_count": 6}], "updated_date": "2026-08-29T07:29:34.045763", "created_date": "2025-10-10T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W2955808192", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2019.05.002", "title": "Symbiotic human-robot collaborative assembly", "display_name": "Symbiotic human-robot collaborative assembly", "relevance_score": 304.91946, "publication_year": 2019, "publication_date": "2019-01-01", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W2955808192", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2019.05.002", "mag": "2955808192"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1016/j.cirp.2019.05.002", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2019.05.002", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2898225552", "display_name": "CIRP Annals", "issn_l": "0007-8506", "issn": ["0007-8506", "1660-2773", "1726-0604"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "CIRP Annals", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "type": "article", "indexed_in": ["crossref"], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "green", "oa_url": "https://eprints.sztaki.hu/9786/1/Wang_701_30744143_ny.pdf", "any_repository_has_fulltext": true}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100434965", "display_name": "Lihui Wang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8679-8049"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I86987016", "display_name": "KTH Royal Institute of Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/026vcq606", "country_code": "SE", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}], "countries": ["SE"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "L. Wang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Production Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8679-8049", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Production Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5060566070", "display_name": "Robert X. Gao", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3595-3728"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I58956616", "display_name": "Case Western Reserve University", "ror": "https://ror.org/051fd9666", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "R. Gao", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3595-3728", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5076192215", "display_name": "J\u00f3zsef V\u00e1ncza", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0054-0560"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I29770179", "display_name": "Budapest University of Technology and Economics", "ror": "https://ror.org/02w42ss30", "country_code": "HU", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I29770179"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210117195", "display_name": "HUN-REN Institute for Computer Science and Control", "ror": "https://ror.org/0249v7n71", "country_code": "HU", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210117195", "https://openalex.org/I4387152226"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I7597260", "display_name": "Hungarian Academy of Sciences", "ror": "https://ror.org/02ks8qq67", "country_code": "HU", "type": "government", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I7597260"]}], "countries": ["HU"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "J. V\u00e1ncza", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary", "Institute for Computer Science and Control, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0054-0560", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I29770179"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Institute for Computer Science and Control, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210117195", "https://openalex.org/I7597260"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5065074078", "display_name": "J\u00f6rg Kr\u00fcger", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5138-0793"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210148503", "display_name": "Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/045eg9c12", "country_code": "DE", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210148503", "https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4577782", "display_name": "Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin", "ror": "https://ror.org/03v4gjf40", "country_code": "DE", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}], "countries": ["DE"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "J. Kr\u00fcger", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology, Berlin, Germany", "Institute for Machine Tools and Factory Management, Technische Universit\u00e4t, Berlin, Germany"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology, Berlin, Germany", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210148503"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Institute for Machine Tools and Factory Management, Technische Universit\u00e4t, Berlin, Germany", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5062473662", "display_name": "Xi Vincent Wang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9694-0483"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I86987016", "display_name": "KTH Royal Institute of Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/026vcq606", "country_code": "SE", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}], "countries": ["SE"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "X.V. Wang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Production Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9694-0483", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Production Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5028965942", "display_name": "Sotiris Makris", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9687-5925"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I174878644", "display_name": "University of Patras", "ror": "https://ror.org/017wvtq80", "country_code": "GR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}], "countries": ["GR"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "S. Makris", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems & Automation, University of Patras, Patras, Greece"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems & Automation, University of Patras, Patras, Greece", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5088889627", "display_name": "George Chryssolouris", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3958-9230"}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I174878644", "display_name": "University of Patras", "ror": "https://ror.org/017wvtq80", "country_code": "GR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}], "countries": ["GR"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "G. Chryssolouris", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems & Automation, University of Patras, Patras, Greece"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems & Automation, University of Patras, Patras, Greece", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}]}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 5, "institutions_distinct_count": 8, "corresponding_author_ids": ["https://openalex.org/A5100434965"], "corresponding_institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I86987016"], "apc_list": {"value": 3100, "currency": "USD", "value_usd": 3100}, "apc_paid": null, "fwci": 32.8452, "has_fulltext": true, "cited_by_count": 567, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 0.9995747, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 98, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": "68", "issue": "2", "first_page": "701", "last_page": "726"}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10653", "display_name": "Robot Manipulation and Learning", "score": 0.9995999932289124, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2207", "display_name": "Control and Systems Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10653", "display_name": "Robot Manipulation and Learning", "score": 0.9995999932289124, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2207", "display_name": "Control and Systems Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11398", "display_name": "Hand Gesture Recognition Systems", "score": 0.9994999766349792, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1709", "display_name": "Human-Computer Interaction"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13382", "display_name": "Robotics and Automated Systems", "score": 0.9962999820709229, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2207", "display_name": "Control and Systems Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/workspace", "display_name": "Workspace", "score": 0.766110897064209}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/robot", "display_name": "Robot", "score": 0.7542011141777039}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction", "display_name": "Human\u2013computer interaction", "score": 0.648985743522644}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013robot-interaction", "display_name": "Human\u2013robot interaction", "score": 0.6477888226509094}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/context", "display_name": "Context (archaeology)", "score": 0.5983607769012451}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/gesture", "display_name": "Gesture", "score": 0.5684047937393188}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science", "display_name": "Computer science", "score": 0.5605846047401428}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/focus", "display_name": "Focus (optics)", "score": 0.5075063109397888}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "score": 0.485910564661026}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/perception", "display_name": "Perception", "score": 0.46300697326660156}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/haptic-technology", "display_name": "Haptic technology", "score": 0.43677031993865967}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering", "display_name": "Engineering", "score": 0.36920490860939026}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C58581272", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12741163", "display_name": "Workspace", "level": 3, "score": 0.766110897064209}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C90509273", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012", "display_name": "Robot", "level": 2, "score": 0.7542011141777039}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C107457646", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434", "display_name": "Human\u2013computer interaction", "level": 1, "score": 0.648985743522644}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C145460709", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q859951", "display_name": "Human\u2013robot interaction", "level": 3, "score": 0.6477888226509094}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175", "display_name": "Context (archaeology)", "level": 2, "score": 0.5983607769012451}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C207347870", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371174", "display_name": "Gesture", "level": 2, "score": 0.5684047937393188}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198", "display_name": "Computer science", "level": 0, "score": 0.5605846047401428}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C192209626", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909", "display_name": "Focus (optics)", "level": 2, "score": 0.5075063109397888}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "level": 1, "score": 0.485910564661026}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C26760741", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402", "display_name": "Perception", "level": 2, "score": 0.46300697326660156}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C152086174", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3030571", "display_name": "Haptic technology", "level": 2, "score": 0.43677031993865967}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023", "display_name": "Engineering", "level": 0, "score": 0.36920490860939026}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C151730666", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205", "display_name": "Paleontology", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C169760540", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011", "display_name": "Neuroscience", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420", "display_name": "Biology", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C120665830", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620", "display_name": "Optics", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413", "display_name": "Physics", "level": 0, "score": 0.0}], "mesh": [], "locations_count": 4, "locations": [{"id": "doi:10.1016/j.cirp.2019.05.002", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2019.05.002", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2898225552", "display_name": "CIRP Annals", "issn_l": "0007-8506", "issn": ["0007-8506", "1660-2773", "1726-0604"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "CIRP Annals", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:eprints.sztaki.hu:9786", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://eprints.sztaki.hu/9786/", "pdf_url": "https://eprints.sztaki.hu/9786/1/Wang_701_30744143_ny.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401907", "display_name": "SZTAKI Publication Repository (Hungarian Academy of Sciences)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I7597260", "host_organization_name": "Hungarian Academy of Sciences", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I7597260"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "", "raw_type": "Article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:fraunhofer.de:N-558955", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-558955.html", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400801", "display_name": "Publikationsdatenbank der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I4923324", "host_organization_name": "Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4923324"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "Fraunhofer IPK", "raw_type": "Journal Article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/259708", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/259708", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400318", "display_name": "Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I4923324", "host_organization_name": "Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4923324"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "journal article"}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "pmh:oai:eprints.sztaki.hu:9786", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://eprints.sztaki.hu/9786/", "pdf_url": "https://eprints.sztaki.hu/9786/1/Wang_701_30744143_ny.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401907", "display_name": "SZTAKI Publication Repository (Hungarian Academy of Sciences)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I7597260", "host_organization_name": "Hungarian Academy of Sciences", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I7597260"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "", "raw_type": "Article"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [{"score": 0.41999998688697815, "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17", "display_name": "Partnerships for the goals"}], "awards": [], "funders": [], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": true, "pdf": true}, "content_urls": {"pdf": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2955808192.pdf", "grobid_xml": "https://content.openalex.org/works/W2955808192.grobid-xml"}, "referenced_works_count": 334, "referenced_works": ["https://openalex.org/W28635149", "https://openalex.org/W28988658", "https://openalex.org/W30666801", "https://openalex.org/W79599084", "https://openalex.org/W124281796", "https://openalex.org/W971303027", "https://openalex.org/W1522168222", "https://openalex.org/W1523144692", "https://openalex.org/W1525376093", "https://openalex.org/W1534401054", "https://openalex.org/W1560270123", "https://openalex.org/W1566034157", "https://openalex.org/W1566405224", "https://openalex.org/W1579753478", "https://openalex.org/W1673042886", "https://openalex.org/W1723557158", "https://openalex.org/W1843305822", "https://openalex.org/W1846144685", "https://openalex.org/W1887161270", "https://openalex.org/W1923055730", "https://openalex.org/W1946035420", "https://openalex.org/W1963904519", "https://openalex.org/W1970650938", "https://openalex.org/W1974849157", "https://openalex.org/W1977656752", "https://openalex.org/W1981105678", "https://openalex.org/W1981322468", "https://openalex.org/W1985406432", "https://openalex.org/W1985831969", "https://openalex.org/W1986014385", "https://openalex.org/W1987615131", "https://openalex.org/W1989914740", "https://openalex.org/W1989965130", "https://openalex.org/W1990425525", "https://openalex.org/W1992461594", "https://openalex.org/W1992976512", "https://openalex.org/W1993853979", "https://openalex.org/W1994062215", "https://openalex.org/W1995717189", "https://openalex.org/W1997141858", "https://openalex.org/W1997715798", "https://openalex.org/W1998946997", "https://openalex.org/W1998992954", "https://openalex.org/W1999906253", "https://openalex.org/W2000982104", "https://openalex.org/W2001214421", "https://openalex.org/W2002281437", "https://openalex.org/W2002287322", "https://openalex.org/W2004887586", "https://openalex.org/W2008777129", "https://openalex.org/W2009921413", "https://openalex.org/W2010150431", "https://openalex.org/W2011800728", "https://openalex.org/W2012338700", "https://openalex.org/W2013794237", "https://openalex.org/W2015016121", "https://openalex.org/W2015409567", "https://openalex.org/W2016382724", "https://openalex.org/W2019676054", "https://openalex.org/W2022209297", "https://openalex.org/W2023597997", "https://openalex.org/W2026669106", "https://openalex.org/W2027473844", "https://openalex.org/W2027957095", "https://openalex.org/W2029655676", "https://openalex.org/W2031327653", "https://openalex.org/W2032747145", "https://openalex.org/W2033922038", "https://openalex.org/W2034406352", "https://openalex.org/W2036526450", "https://openalex.org/W2036957973", "https://openalex.org/W2037071615", "https://openalex.org/W2037244572", "https://openalex.org/W2038420319", "https://openalex.org/W2039191438", "https://openalex.org/W2039684950", "https://openalex.org/W2040963007", "https://openalex.org/W2042928975", "https://openalex.org/W2044693786", "https://openalex.org/W2046614492", "https://openalex.org/W2046851802", "https://openalex.org/W2047768688", "https://openalex.org/W2050013274", "https://openalex.org/W2050186480", "https://openalex.org/W2050835671", "https://openalex.org/W2054289217", "https://openalex.org/W2056429590", "https://openalex.org/W2059453052", "https://openalex.org/W2062564307", "https://openalex.org/W2062569962", "https://openalex.org/W2066202893", "https://openalex.org/W2066523072", "https://openalex.org/W2068520326", "https://openalex.org/W2070529145", "https://openalex.org/W2073476992", "https://openalex.org/W2077281874", "https://openalex.org/W2079788562", "https://openalex.org/W2080426295", "https://openalex.org/W2082581021", "https://openalex.org/W2083043008", "https://openalex.org/W2090925739", "https://openalex.org/W2093989592", "https://openalex.org/W2094168547", "https://openalex.org/W2094537981", "https://openalex.org/W2097544529", "https://openalex.org/W2098519971", "https://openalex.org/W2099184899", "https://openalex.org/W2099915711", "https://openalex.org/W2100470760", "https://openalex.org/W2101663592", "https://openalex.org/W2104938502", "https://openalex.org/W2107643544", "https://openalex.org/W2110987513", "https://openalex.org/W2112004502", "https://openalex.org/W2114605402", "https://openalex.org/W2116113712", "https://openalex.org/W2116139612", "https://openalex.org/W2116535574", "https://openalex.org/W2117199428", "https://openalex.org/W2122122381", "https://openalex.org/W2126171192", "https://openalex.org/W2126654773", "https://openalex.org/W2126698653", "https://openalex.org/W2128722009", "https://openalex.org/W2129126449", "https://openalex.org/W2130821661", "https://openalex.org/W2131292439", "https://openalex.org/W2134911466", "https://openalex.org/W2135057655", "https://openalex.org/W2135907989", "https://openalex.org/W2137806058", "https://openalex.org/W2140820489", "https://openalex.org/W2141373701", "https://openalex.org/W2145313322", "https://openalex.org/W2146210687", "https://openalex.org/W2146881125", "https://openalex.org/W2149085596", "https://openalex.org/W2154777391", "https://openalex.org/W2162130878", "https://openalex.org/W2162179351", "https://openalex.org/W2163533523", "https://openalex.org/W2169008269", "https://openalex.org/W2169706473", "https://openalex.org/W2171701192", "https://openalex.org/W2195359882", "https://openalex.org/W2204874477", "https://openalex.org/W2211650268", "https://openalex.org/W2212535562", "https://openalex.org/W2214212631", "https://openalex.org/W2217681286", "https://openalex.org/W2251589446", "https://openalex.org/W2261813403", "https://openalex.org/W2270230779", "https://openalex.org/W2274524839", "https://openalex.org/W2276698927", "https://openalex.org/W2292482869", "https://openalex.org/W2312797433", "https://openalex.org/W2313196096", "https://openalex.org/W2333632897", "https://openalex.org/W2382688314", "https://openalex.org/W2413607883", "https://openalex.org/W2418610494", "https://openalex.org/W2419059159", "https://openalex.org/W2475297363", "https://openalex.org/W2493990996", "https://openalex.org/W2528951757", "https://openalex.org/W2529923932", "https://openalex.org/W2536305597", "https://openalex.org/W2537076455", "https://openalex.org/W2544813133", "https://openalex.org/W2546419480", "https://openalex.org/W2553909983", "https://openalex.org/W2561340204", "https://openalex.org/W2562485623", "https://openalex.org/W2566071737", "https://openalex.org/W2571502949", "https://openalex.org/W2577073261", "https://openalex.org/W2583328044", "https://openalex.org/W2592523922", "https://openalex.org/W2593216298", "https://openalex.org/W2599459377", "https://openalex.org/W2601066903", "https://openalex.org/W2608327709", "https://openalex.org/W2609187851", "https://openalex.org/W2609235478", "https://openalex.org/W2610096992", "https://openalex.org/W2610248394", "https://openalex.org/W2611300211", "https://openalex.org/W2611616978", "https://openalex.org/W2612088155", "https://openalex.org/W2613410561", "https://openalex.org/W2613864254", "https://openalex.org/W2619973670", "https://openalex.org/W2626614573", "https://openalex.org/W2695892431", "https://openalex.org/W2734668892", "https://openalex.org/W2736763978", "https://openalex.org/W2755447546", "https://openalex.org/W2758436592", "https://openalex.org/W2760144973", "https://openalex.org/W2766053765", "https://openalex.org/W2769639310", "https://openalex.org/W2770595272", "https://openalex.org/W2777674866", "https://openalex.org/W2783036728", "https://openalex.org/W2791385109", "https://openalex.org/W2793030468", "https://openalex.org/W2795681617", "https://openalex.org/W2799547810", "https://openalex.org/W2799762911", "https://openalex.org/W2801866677", "https://openalex.org/W2802125430", "https://openalex.org/W2803802126", "https://openalex.org/W2808679711", "https://openalex.org/W2809897688", "https://openalex.org/W2809961958", "https://openalex.org/W2810956833", "https://openalex.org/W2811441152", "https://openalex.org/W2811495348", "https://openalex.org/W2811509740", "https://openalex.org/W2840094557", "https://openalex.org/W2884495783", "https://openalex.org/W2884767975", "https://openalex.org/W2885762589", "https://openalex.org/W2886186576", "https://openalex.org/W2886780566", "https://openalex.org/W2887530648", "https://openalex.org/W2887662010", "https://openalex.org/W2888108220", "https://openalex.org/W2888193176", "https://openalex.org/W2888638703", "https://openalex.org/W2890106798", "https://openalex.org/W2892196454", "https://openalex.org/W2897254705", "https://openalex.org/W2900791884", "https://openalex.org/W2901136733", "https://openalex.org/W2901542135", "https://openalex.org/W2901864692", "https://openalex.org/W2902105678", "https://openalex.org/W2907953792", "https://openalex.org/W2910483504", "https://openalex.org/W2910921022", "https://openalex.org/W2963366811", "https://openalex.org/W3045712865", "https://openalex.org/W3098163860", "https://openalex.org/W3104699645", "https://openalex.org/W3105843127", "https://openalex.org/W3143334844", "https://openalex.org/W3144209460", "https://openalex.org/W4234486210", "https://openalex.org/W4255876299", "https://openalex.org/W4403004380", "https://openalex.org/W6603237658", "https://openalex.org/W6604499300", "https://openalex.org/W6631161306", "https://openalex.org/W6631241535", "https://openalex.org/W6634642804", "https://openalex.org/W6637214640", "https://openalex.org/W6637528485", "https://openalex.org/W6643867061", "https://openalex.org/W6644636914", "https://openalex.org/W6645623191", "https://openalex.org/W6646814964", "https://openalex.org/W6648276191", "https://openalex.org/W6648315218", "https://openalex.org/W6648888663", "https://openalex.org/W6649533600", "https://openalex.org/W6649691331", "https://openalex.org/W6650735087", "https://openalex.org/W6652976043", "https://openalex.org/W6657092111", "https://openalex.org/W6658612655", "https://openalex.org/W6659777890", "https://openalex.org/W6660402520", "https://openalex.org/W6660940650", "https://openalex.org/W6667208750", "https://openalex.org/W6667716636", "https://openalex.org/W6668910203", "https://openalex.org/W6670725446", "https://openalex.org/W6674383519", "https://openalex.org/W6674610438", "https://openalex.org/W6674813011", "https://openalex.org/W6675251542", "https://openalex.org/W6676053427", "https://openalex.org/W6676564512", "https://openalex.org/W6676737555", "https://openalex.org/W6677491239", "https://openalex.org/W6677793420", "https://openalex.org/W6678889104", "https://openalex.org/W6679330520", "https://openalex.org/W6679624233", "https://openalex.org/W6679679277", "https://openalex.org/W6681045972", "https://openalex.org/W6681770795", "https://openalex.org/W6681907455", "https://openalex.org/W6682851269", "https://openalex.org/W6683648704", "https://openalex.org/W6684065346", "https://openalex.org/W6685103607", "https://openalex.org/W6687786798", "https://openalex.org/W6688366578", "https://openalex.org/W6692921849", "https://openalex.org/W6693275029", "https://openalex.org/W6694297247", "https://openalex.org/W6698836008", "https://openalex.org/W6728936363", "https://openalex.org/W6729425124", "https://openalex.org/W6730581390", "https://openalex.org/W6734168607", "https://openalex.org/W6734327435", "https://openalex.org/W6735544697", "https://openalex.org/W6738652716", "https://openalex.org/W6739741161", "https://openalex.org/W6744111161", "https://openalex.org/W6746185235", "https://openalex.org/W6746471164", "https://openalex.org/W6748187689", "https://openalex.org/W6749271609", "https://openalex.org/W6751163057", "https://openalex.org/W6752091087", "https://openalex.org/W6753062434", "https://openalex.org/W6754138480", "https://openalex.org/W6754173485", "https://openalex.org/W6754289379", "https://openalex.org/W6754747743", "https://openalex.org/W6754770322", "https://openalex.org/W6757629132", "https://openalex.org/W6758197342", "https://openalex.org/W6758401561", "https://openalex.org/W6781057714", "https://openalex.org/W6784958018", "https://openalex.org/W6786108947", "https://openalex.org/W6989626414", "https://openalex.org/W7071865645"], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W1992503747", "https://openalex.org/W2371519816", "https://openalex.org/W2043154226", "https://openalex.org/W2369529107", "https://openalex.org/W2109948066", "https://openalex.org/W3205513966", "https://openalex.org/W2052971528", "https://openalex.org/W3120459843", "https://openalex.org/W4366547574", "https://openalex.org/W3200191727"], "abstract_inverted_index": null, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 42}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 75}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 104}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 99}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 98}, {"year": 2021, "cited_by_count": 84}, {"year": 2020, "cited_by_count": 59}, {"year": 2019, "cited_by_count": 6}], "updated_date": "2026-09-12T09:15:50.089291", "created_date": "2025-10-10T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W3008626511", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1139/er-2020-0019", "title": "A review of machine learning applications in wildfire science and management", "display_name": "A review of machine learning applications in wildfire science and management", "relevance_score": 303.71442, "publication_year": 2020, "publication_date": "2020-07-28", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W3008626511", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1139/er-2020-0019", "mag": "3008626511"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1139/er-2020-0019", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1139/er-2020-0019", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S79420083", "display_name": "Environmental Reviews", "issn_l": "1181-8700", "issn": ["1181-8700", "1208-6053"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310312929", "host_organization_name": "Canadian Science Publishing", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310312929"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Canadian Science Publishing"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Environmental Reviews", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "type": "article", "indexed_in": ["arxiv", "crossref"], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "hybrid", "oa_url": "https://doi.org/10.1139/er-2020-0019", "any_repository_has_fulltext": true}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Piyush Jain", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I1280367701", "display_name": "Canadian Forest Service", "ror": "https://ror.org/0430zw506", "country_code": "CA", "type": "government", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1280367701", "https://openalex.org/I1281735042", "https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I1281735042", "display_name": "Natural Resources Canada", "ror": "https://ror.org/05hepy730", "country_code": "CA", "type": "government", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1281735042", "https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I154425047", "display_name": "University of Alberta", "ror": "https://ror.org/0160cpw27", "country_code": "CA", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Piyush Jain", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Canadian Partnership for Wildland Fire Science, University of Alberta, Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada", "Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Northern Forestry Centre, Edmonton, AB T6H 3S5, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Canadian Partnership for Wildland Fire Science, University of Alberta, Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Northern Forestry Centre, Edmonton, AB T6H 3S5, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I1280367701", "https://openalex.org/I1281735042"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Sean C.P. Coogan", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I154425047", "display_name": "University of Alberta", "ror": "https://ror.org/0160cpw27", "country_code": "CA", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Sean C.P. Coogan", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Canadian Partnership for Wildland Fire Science, University of Alberta, Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Canadian Partnership for Wildland Fire Science, University of Alberta, Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Sriram Ganapathi Subramanian", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I151746483", "display_name": "University of Waterloo", "ror": "https://ror.org/01aff2v68", "country_code": "CA", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Sriram Ganapathi Subramanian", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Mark Crowley", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I151746483", "display_name": "University of Waterloo", "ror": "https://ror.org/01aff2v68", "country_code": "CA", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Mark Crowley", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Steve Taylor", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I1280367701", "display_name": "Canadian Forest Service", "ror": "https://ror.org/0430zw506", "country_code": "CA", "type": "government", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1280367701", "https://openalex.org/I1281735042", "https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I1281735042", "display_name": "Natural Resources Canada", "ror": "https://ror.org/05hepy730", "country_code": "CA", "type": "government", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1281735042", "https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Steve Taylor", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Pacific Forestry Centre, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Pacific Forestry Centre, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I1280367701", "https://openalex.org/I1281735042"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Mike D. Flannigan", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I154425047", "display_name": "University of Alberta", "ror": "https://ror.org/0160cpw27", "country_code": "CA", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Mike D. Flannigan", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Canadian Partnership for Wildland Fire Science, University of Alberta, Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Canadian Partnership for Wildland Fire Science, University of Alberta, Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 1, "institutions_distinct_count": 4, "corresponding_author_ids": [], "corresponding_institution_ids": [], "apc_list": null, "apc_paid": null, "fwci": 24.1374, "has_fulltext": true, "cited_by_count": 759, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 0.99778552, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 99, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": "28", "issue": "4", "first_page": "478", "last_page": "505"}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10555", "display_name": "Fire effects on ecosystems", "score": 0.96670001745224, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2306", "display_name": "Global and Planetary Change"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23", "display_name": "Environmental Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10555", "display_name": "Fire effects on ecosystems", "score": 0.96670001745224, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2306", "display_name": "Global and Planetary Change"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23", "display_name": "Environmental Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12597", "display_name": "Fire Detection and Safety Systems", "score": 0.01510000042617321, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2213", "display_name": "Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11317", "display_name": "Fire dynamics and safety research", "score": 0.006599999964237213, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2213", "display_name": "Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network", "display_name": "Artificial neural network", "score": 0.5162000060081482}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/field", "display_name": "Field (mathematics)", "score": 0.5108000040054321}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning", "display_name": "Deep learning", "score": 0.4271000027656555}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest", "display_name": "Random forest", "score": 0.40849998593330383}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change", "display_name": "Climate change", "score": 0.35659998655319214}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree", "display_name": "Decision tree", "score": 0.34049999713897705}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/range", "display_name": "Range (aeronautics)", "score": 0.3312000036239624}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/expert-elicitation", "display_name": "Expert elicitation", "score": 0.32989999651908875}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660", "display_name": "Artificial intelligence", "level": 1, "score": 0.6518999934196472}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C119857082", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539", "display_name": "Machine learning", "level": 1, "score": 0.5703999996185303}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C50644808", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776", "display_name": "Artificial neural network", "level": 2, "score": 0.5162000060081482}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C9652623", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109", "display_name": "Field (mathematics)", "level": 2, "score": 0.5108000040054321}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198", "display_name": "Computer science", "level": 0, "score": 0.5099999904632568}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C108583219", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536", "display_name": "Deep learning", "level": 2, "score": 0.4271000027656555}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C169258074", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748", "display_name": "Random forest", "level": 2, "score": 0.40849998593330383}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C132651083", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942", "display_name": "Climate change", "level": 2, "score": 0.35659998655319214}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C84525736", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366", "display_name": "Decision tree", "level": 2, "score": 0.34049999713897705}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C204323151", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424", "display_name": "Range (aeronautics)", "level": 2, "score": 0.3312000036239624}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C72161134", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421219", "display_name": "Expert elicitation", "level": 2, "score": 0.32989999651908875}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C12267149", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453", "display_name": "Support vector machine", "level": 2, "score": 0.3174999952316284}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847", "display_name": "Environmental science", "level": 0, "score": 0.3102000057697296}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C122156500", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41399", "display_name": "Fire protection", "level": 2, "score": 0.29499998688697815}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C89736061", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5451644", "display_name": "Fire regime", "level": 3, "score": 0.29490000009536743}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C75684735", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810", "display_name": "Big data", "level": 2, "score": 0.2827000021934509}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2984842247", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536", "display_name": "Deep neural networks", "level": 3, "score": 0.27869999408721924}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C107826830", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380", "display_name": "Environmental resource management", "level": 1, "score": 0.2721000015735626}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C195330766", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1409472", "display_name": "Fire ecology", "level": 3, "score": 0.266400009393692}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C148483581", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488", "display_name": "Feature selection", "level": 2, "score": 0.2662999927997589}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C45804977", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239673", "display_name": "Predictive modelling", "level": 2, "score": 0.25920000672340393}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C21001229", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182868", "display_name": "Weather forecasting", "level": 2, "score": 0.2556999921798706}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C2986440788", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139", "display_name": "Climate science", "level": 3, "score": 0.2535000145435333}], "mesh": [], "locations_count": 3, "locations": [{"id": "doi:10.1139/er-2020-0019", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1139/er-2020-0019", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S79420083", "display_name": "Environmental Reviews", "issn_l": "1181-8700", "issn": ["1181-8700", "1208-6053"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310312929", "host_organization_name": "Canadian Science Publishing", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310312929"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Canadian Science Publishing"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Environmental Reviews", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2003.00646", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://arxiv.org/abs/2003.00646", "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2003.00646", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400194", "display_name": "arXiv (Cornell University)", "issn_l": "2331-8422", "issn": ["2331-8422"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I205783295", "host_organization_name": "Cornell University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I205783295"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "text"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:utoronto.scholaris.ca:1807/102453", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://hdl.handle.net/1807/102453", "pdf_url": "https://utoronto.scholaris.ca/bitstreams/7afe2742-d40d-42a6-873b-c3db0577c959/download", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400261", "display_name": "TSpace (University of Toronto)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I185261750", "host_organization_name": "University of Toronto", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I185261750"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "other-oa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "Review"}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "doi:10.1139/er-2020-0019", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1139/er-2020-0019", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S79420083", "display_name": "Environmental Reviews", "issn_l": "1181-8700", "issn": ["1181-8700", "1208-6053"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310312929", "host_organization_name": "Canadian Science Publishing", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310312929"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Canadian Science Publishing"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Environmental Reviews", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [], "awards": [], "funders": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/F4320334593", "display_name": "Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada", "ror": "https://ror.org/01h531d29"}], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": false, "pdf": false}, "content_urls": null, "referenced_works_count": 321, "referenced_works": ["https://openalex.org/W201631183", "https://openalex.org/W429766147", "https://openalex.org/W846829031", "https://openalex.org/W968045710", "https://openalex.org/W1162980305", "https://openalex.org/W1199499276", "https://openalex.org/W1413645801", "https://openalex.org/W1443921968", "https://openalex.org/W1480376833", "https://openalex.org/W1488644992", "https://openalex.org/W1490324539", "https://openalex.org/W1508884412", "https://openalex.org/W1509735053", "https://openalex.org/W1561895023", "https://openalex.org/W1567594062", "https://openalex.org/W1568201516", "https://openalex.org/W1572459612", "https://openalex.org/W1596599225", "https://openalex.org/W1678356000", "https://openalex.org/W1789155650", "https://openalex.org/W1831482267", "https://openalex.org/W1870794886", "https://openalex.org/W1875061881", "https://openalex.org/W1883699535", "https://openalex.org/W1889848888", "https://openalex.org/W1895939043", "https://openalex.org/W1906468868", "https://openalex.org/W1925782528", "https://openalex.org/W1964503550", "https://openalex.org/W1964647807", "https://openalex.org/W1965529788", "https://openalex.org/W1967726776", "https://openalex.org/W1967932578", "https://openalex.org/W1969558092", "https://openalex.org/W1971498503", "https://openalex.org/W1976202195", "https://openalex.org/W1977004800", "https://openalex.org/W1977030628", "https://openalex.org/W1978816960", "https://openalex.org/W1982324772", "https://openalex.org/W1984289579", "https://openalex.org/W1985629884", "https://openalex.org/W1987213677", "https://openalex.org/W1987606061", "https://openalex.org/W1988677794", "https://openalex.org/W1988907909", "https://openalex.org/W1991843400", "https://openalex.org/W1995136977", "https://openalex.org/W1995703554", "https://openalex.org/W1996061502", "https://openalex.org/W1996408704", "https://openalex.org/W1996890594", "https://openalex.org/W1998525406", "https://openalex.org/W1999479008", "https://openalex.org/W2000188520", "https://openalex.org/W2000994785", "https://openalex.org/W2004786168", "https://openalex.org/W2008056655", "https://openalex.org/W2010150056", "https://openalex.org/W2011258556", "https://openalex.org/W2013669230", "https://openalex.org/W2014740640", "https://openalex.org/W2016600668", "https://openalex.org/W2019207321", "https://openalex.org/W2023656413", "https://openalex.org/W2024142738", "https://openalex.org/W2024544861", "https://openalex.org/W2028203833", "https://openalex.org/W2028435163", "https://openalex.org/W2028715999", "https://openalex.org/W2029817724", "https://openalex.org/W2030424198", "https://openalex.org/W2032196190", "https://openalex.org/W2032536435", "https://openalex.org/W2034843979", "https://openalex.org/W2035486398", "https://openalex.org/W2036397584", "https://openalex.org/W2037018162", "https://openalex.org/W2040185089", "https://openalex.org/W2042783301", "https://openalex.org/W2045973791", "https://openalex.org/W2046204030", "https://openalex.org/W2047679163", "https://openalex.org/W2052628723", "https://openalex.org/W2052994861", "https://openalex.org/W2056087065", "https://openalex.org/W2056257202", "https://openalex.org/W2058731966", "https://openalex.org/W2060719558", "https://openalex.org/W2061103413", "https://openalex.org/W2064675550", "https://openalex.org/W2065703946", "https://openalex.org/W2067825760", "https://openalex.org/W2068264290", "https://openalex.org/W2068864977", "https://openalex.org/W2070151867", "https://openalex.org/W2074513160", "https://openalex.org/W2075950485", "https://openalex.org/W2076118331", "https://openalex.org/W2077518003", "https://openalex.org/W2079624623", "https://openalex.org/W2082091929", "https://openalex.org/W2082744326", "https://openalex.org/W2083497822", "https://openalex.org/W2083854930", "https://openalex.org/W2084154288", "https://openalex.org/W2084341220", "https://openalex.org/W2084842115", "https://openalex.org/W2085178294", "https://openalex.org/W2087681211", "https://openalex.org/W2088937903", "https://openalex.org/W2089955105", "https://openalex.org/W2093393699", "https://openalex.org/W2095017366", "https://openalex.org/W2095418348", "https://openalex.org/W2097086408", "https://openalex.org/W2097571405", "https://openalex.org/W2099722563", "https://openalex.org/W2099831943", "https://openalex.org/W2100483895", "https://openalex.org/W2102320677", "https://openalex.org/W2106963191", "https://openalex.org/W2109267829", "https://openalex.org/W2111222097", "https://openalex.org/W2112426461", "https://openalex.org/W2113242619", "https://openalex.org/W2114656264", "https://openalex.org/W2122136101", "https://openalex.org/W2123567448", "https://openalex.org/W2124669836", "https://openalex.org/W2127485879", "https://openalex.org/W2130446802", "https://openalex.org/W2132254275", "https://openalex.org/W2135695572", "https://openalex.org/W2135712802", "https://openalex.org/W2143618255", "https://openalex.org/W2145445755", "https://openalex.org/W2147351230", "https://openalex.org/W2149939703", "https://openalex.org/W2152890062", "https://openalex.org/W2153762352", "https://openalex.org/W2154219014", "https://openalex.org/W2154802175", "https://openalex.org/W2155109087", "https://openalex.org/W2155433618", "https://openalex.org/W2157206590", "https://openalex.org/W2158439599", "https://openalex.org/W2166911901", "https://openalex.org/W2168181901", "https://openalex.org/W2171642129", "https://openalex.org/W2171875323", "https://openalex.org/W2180748755", "https://openalex.org/W2182087497", "https://openalex.org/W2203182186", "https://openalex.org/W2218047931", "https://openalex.org/W2225976211", "https://openalex.org/W2266849824", "https://openalex.org/W2287019727", "https://openalex.org/W2288780621", "https://openalex.org/W2292922739", "https://openalex.org/W2315502046", "https://openalex.org/W2316167246", "https://openalex.org/W2327835888", "https://openalex.org/W2331975830", "https://openalex.org/W2334806815", "https://openalex.org/W2343724696", "https://openalex.org/W2344736925", "https://openalex.org/W2395021472", "https://openalex.org/W2401964379", "https://openalex.org/W2417436226", "https://openalex.org/W2461245770", "https://openalex.org/W2470059591", "https://openalex.org/W2488678456", "https://openalex.org/W2515041732", "https://openalex.org/W2516230129", "https://openalex.org/W2518510449", "https://openalex.org/W2531978625", "https://openalex.org/W2532612331", "https://openalex.org/W2534955251", "https://openalex.org/W2540849598", "https://openalex.org/W2544416762", "https://openalex.org/W2548491386", "https://openalex.org/W2556989296", "https://openalex.org/W2557002900", "https://openalex.org/W2560136348", "https://openalex.org/W2562385628", "https://openalex.org/W2573625962", "https://openalex.org/W2576574882", "https://openalex.org/W2578073880", "https://openalex.org/W2580691580", "https://openalex.org/W2587212003", "https://openalex.org/W2587586954", "https://openalex.org/W2594512166", "https://openalex.org/W2599586295", "https://openalex.org/W2601923741", "https://openalex.org/W2604086375", "https://openalex.org/W2604854940", "https://openalex.org/W2605581916", "https://openalex.org/W2609118923", "https://openalex.org/W2612596166", "https://openalex.org/W2618178891", "https://openalex.org/W2622374278", "https://openalex.org/W2633478868", "https://openalex.org/W2662789948", "https://openalex.org/W2725897987", "https://openalex.org/W2734526201", "https://openalex.org/W2744573222", "https://openalex.org/W2745110207", "https://openalex.org/W2747246859", "https://openalex.org/W2751860316", "https://openalex.org/W2752486124", "https://openalex.org/W2754716656", "https://openalex.org/W2755703862", "https://openalex.org/W2756003028", "https://openalex.org/W2766761250", "https://openalex.org/W2769220077", "https://openalex.org/W2769868419", "https://openalex.org/W2770853283", "https://openalex.org/W2774337825", "https://openalex.org/W2775031014", "https://openalex.org/W2778978672", "https://openalex.org/W2779835965", "https://openalex.org/W2780222614", "https://openalex.org/W2782106694", "https://openalex.org/W2782817750", "https://openalex.org/W2783054931", "https://openalex.org/W2789262548", "https://openalex.org/W2789751949", "https://openalex.org/W2790091849", "https://openalex.org/W2790203157", "https://openalex.org/W2790690051", "https://openalex.org/W2791146620", "https://openalex.org/W2791264373", "https://openalex.org/W2791569356", "https://openalex.org/W2792318059", "https://openalex.org/W2794864193", "https://openalex.org/W2799675047", "https://openalex.org/W2799908913", "https://openalex.org/W2800066382", "https://openalex.org/W2800238238", "https://openalex.org/W2800336546", "https://openalex.org/W2802647603", "https://openalex.org/W2803408063", "https://openalex.org/W2803730314", "https://openalex.org/W2804980301", "https://openalex.org/W2807698901", "https://openalex.org/W2808400960", "https://openalex.org/W2822665421", "https://openalex.org/W2884851559", "https://openalex.org/W2887060628", "https://openalex.org/W2887685367", "https://openalex.org/W2889852608", "https://openalex.org/W2891105952", "https://openalex.org/W2892199264", "https://openalex.org/W2896949512", "https://openalex.org/W2898289295", "https://openalex.org/W2899023746", "https://openalex.org/W2899283552", "https://openalex.org/W2899594306", "https://openalex.org/W2900923214", "https://openalex.org/W2901991650", "https://openalex.org/W2902401595", "https://openalex.org/W2903359691", "https://openalex.org/W2903646615", "https://openalex.org/W2903758338", "https://openalex.org/W2906161342", "https://openalex.org/W2907066318", "https://openalex.org/W2908423953", "https://openalex.org/W2909595154", "https://openalex.org/W2911252155", "https://openalex.org/W2912295052", "https://openalex.org/W2913323966", "https://openalex.org/W2913649977", "https://openalex.org/W2914699052", "https://openalex.org/W2916535612", "https://openalex.org/W2919115771", "https://openalex.org/W2920138370", "https://openalex.org/W2924168316", "https://openalex.org/W2925105068", "https://openalex.org/W2936299508", "https://openalex.org/W2938364821", "https://openalex.org/W2940448993", "https://openalex.org/W2941506639", "https://openalex.org/W2942047515", "https://openalex.org/W2943005655", "https://openalex.org/W2944366268", "https://openalex.org/W2945697405", "https://openalex.org/W2947150510", "https://openalex.org/W2949443387", "https://openalex.org/W2949505632", "https://openalex.org/W2950609539", "https://openalex.org/W2954992390", "https://openalex.org/W2964169840", "https://openalex.org/W2964406534", "https://openalex.org/W2965595054", "https://openalex.org/W2966003450", "https://openalex.org/W2966161977", "https://openalex.org/W2969309273", "https://openalex.org/W2972175198", "https://openalex.org/W2973592401", "https://openalex.org/W2973710071", "https://openalex.org/W2975479989", "https://openalex.org/W2977616508", "https://openalex.org/W2979417040", "https://openalex.org/W2979526390", "https://openalex.org/W2984594085", "https://openalex.org/W2990972941", "https://openalex.org/W2993247229", "https://openalex.org/W2998651144", "https://openalex.org/W3020913839", "https://openalex.org/W3096350060", "https://openalex.org/W3145666862", "https://openalex.org/W4211049957", "https://openalex.org/W4235316846", "https://openalex.org/W4238530616", "https://openalex.org/W4248437541", "https://openalex.org/W4317523504", "https://openalex.org/W6631026904", "https://openalex.org/W6677916085", "https://openalex.org/W6738852829", "https://openalex.org/W6843735874"], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W4206534706", "https://openalex.org/W3105192099", "https://openalex.org/W3214630042", "https://openalex.org/W4229079080", "https://openalex.org/W3012234327", "https://openalex.org/W3203961807", "https://openalex.org/W4205364923", "https://openalex.org/W4200511449", "https://openalex.org/W3208985699", "https://openalex.org/W3006943036"], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Artificial": [0], "intelligence": [1], "has": [2, 26], "been": [3], "applied": [4], "in": [5, 39, 52, 83, 104, 116, 185, 209, 254, 259, 283, 332], "wildfire": [6, 53, 68, 84, 105, 117, 256, 284, 323, 339], "science": [7, 54, 85, 106, 118, 187, 195, 285], "and": [8, 19, 55, 70, 78, 109, 132, 137, 144, 153, 162, 175, 188, 232, 250, 312, 325, 336], "management": [9, 189, 326], "since": [10], "the": [11, 24, 31, 40, 76, 112, 160, 186, 200, 211, 255, 272, 299, 322], "1990s,": [12], "with": [13, 30], "early": [14], "applications": [15, 51], "including": [16, 126, 247], "neural": [17, 225], "networks": [18], "expert": [20], "systems.": [21], "Since": [22], "then,": [23], "field": [25], "rapidly": [27], "progressed": [28], "congruently": [29], "wide": [32], "adoption": [33], "of": [34, 49, 64, 81, 99, 114, 164, 190, 202, 274, 292, 301, 315, 345], "machine": [35], "learning": [36, 249, 252, 308], "(ML)": [37], "methods": [38, 66, 216, 245, 304], "environmental": [41], "sciences.": [42], "Here,": [43], "we": [44, 94, 158, 204, 319], "present": [45, 96], "a": [46, 193, 310], "scoping": [47], "review": [48, 111], "ML": [50, 65, 88, 101, 115, 166, 215, 244, 275, 303, 346], "management.": [56, 156], "Our": [57], "overall": [58], "objective": [59], "is": [60, 286], "to": [61, 87, 107, 169, 199, 240, 277, 288], "improve": [62], "awareness": [63], "among": [67], "researchers": [69], "managers,": [71], "as": [72, 74, 119, 177, 179, 306], "well": [73, 178], "illustrate": [75], "diverse": [77], "challenging": [79], "range": [80], "problems": [82], "available": [86, 338], "data": [89, 170, 194, 340], "scientists.": [90], "To": [91], "that": [92, 270, 321], "end,": [93], "first": [95], "an": [97, 329], "overview": [98], "popular": [100], "approaches": [102, 167], "used": [103, 214], "date": [108], "then": [110], "use": [113, 342], "broadly": [120], "categorized": [121], "into": [122], "six": [123], "problem": [124, 218], "domains,": [125], "(i)": [127], "fuels": [128], "characterization,": [129], "fire": [130, 135, 141, 147, 151, 155, 293], "detection,": [131], "mapping;": [133], "(ii)": [134], "weather": [136], "climate": [138], "change;": [139], "(iii)": [140], "occurrence,": [142], "susceptibility,": [143], "risk;": [145], "(iv)": [146], "behavior": [148], "prediction;": [149], "(v)": [150], "effects;": [152], "(vi)": [154], "Furthermore,": [157], "discuss": [159], "advantages": [161], "limitations": [163], "various": [165], "relating": [168], "size,": [171], "computational": [172], "requirements,": [173], "generalizability,": [174], "interpretability,": [176], "identify": [180], "opportunities": [181, 239], "for": [182, 341], "future": [183], "advances": [184], "wildfires": [191], "within": [192], "context.": [196], "In": [197], "total,": [198], "end": [201], "2019,": [203], "identified": [205], "300": [206], "relevant": [207], "publications": [208], "which": [210], "most": [212], "frequently": [213], "across": [217, 295], "domains": [219], "included": [220], "random": [221], "forests,": [222], "MaxEnt,": [223], "artificial": [224], "networks,": [226], "decision": [227], "trees,": [228], "support": [229], "vector": [230], "machines,": [231], "genetic": [233], "algorithms.": [234], "As": [235], "such,": [236], "there": [237], "exists": [238], "apply": [241], "more": [242], "current": [243], "\u2014": [246, 253], "deep": [248, 307], "agent-based": [251], "sciences,": [257], "especially": [258], "instances": [260], "involving": [261], "very": [262], "large": [263], "multivariate": [264], "datasets.": [265], "We": [266], "must": [267], "recognize,": [268], "however,": [269], "despite": [271], "ability": [273], "models": [276], "learn": [278], "on": [279], "their": [280, 316], "own,": [281], "expertise": [282], "necessary": [287], "ensure": [289], "realistic": [290], "modelling": [291], "processes": [294], "multiple": [296], "scales,": [297], "while": [298], "complexity": [300], "some": [302], "such": [305], "requires": [309], "dedicated": [311], "sophisticated": [313], "knowledge": [314], "application.": [317], "Finally,": [318], "stress": [320], "research": [324], "communities": [327], "play": [328], "active": [330], "role": [331], "providing": [333], "relevant,": [334], "high-quality,": [335], "freely": [337], "by": [343], "practitioners": [344], "methods.": [347]}, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 154}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 172}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 154}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 136}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 96}, {"year": 2021, "cited_by_count": 37}, {"year": 2020, "cited_by_count": 10}], "updated_date": "2026-09-15T07:32:03.291174", "created_date": "2020-03-06T00:00:00"}], "group_by": []}