{"meta": {"count": 4214101, "db_response_time_ms": 369, "page": 1, "per_page": 3, "groups_count": null, "x_query": {"oql": "works where full text has (climate change)", "oqo": {"get_rows": "works", "filter_rows": [{"column_id": "fulltext.search", "value": "climate change", "operator": "has"}]}, "url": "/works?filter=fulltext.search:climate change&per_page=3"}, "cost_usd": 0.001}, "results": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/W2939474406", "doi": null, "title": "Climate change 2007: the physical science basis", "display_name": "Climate change 2007: the physical science basis", "relevance_score": 12116.478, "publication_year": 2007, "publication_date": "2007-01-01", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W2939474406", "mag": "2939474406"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "pmh:info:ark/67531/metadc950228", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc950228/", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400792", "display_name": "University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I123534392", "host_organization_name": "University of North Texas", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I123534392"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "public-domain", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "", "raw_type": "Report"}, "type": "report", "indexed_in": [], "open_access": {"is_oa": true, "oa_status": "green", "oa_url": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc950228/", "any_repository_has_fulltext": true}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5019124017", "display_name": "Susan Solomon", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2020-7581"}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Susan L. Solomon", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5110657512", "display_name": "Dahe Qin", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Dahe Qin", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5046285468", "display_name": "Martin Manning", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2628-6089"}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Martin Manning", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2628-6089", "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5052803135", "display_name": "Melinda Marquis", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4073-2965"}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Melinda Marquis", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4073-2965", "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5111441747", "display_name": "Kristen Averyt", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Kristen Averyt", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5019954898", "display_name": "Melinda Tignor", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "M Tignor", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5039274552", "display_name": "H. L. Miller", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "H. L. Miller", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5101873521", "display_name": "Zhenlin Chen", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0561-8929"}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Zhenlin Chen", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0561-8929", "affiliations": []}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 0, "institutions_distinct_count": 0, "corresponding_author_ids": [], "corresponding_institution_ids": [], "apc_list": null, "apc_paid": null, "fwci": null, "has_fulltext": false, "cited_by_count": 23477, "citation_normalized_percentile": null, "cited_by_percentile_year": null, "biblio": {"volume": null, "issue": null, "first_page": null, "last_page": null}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13530", "display_name": "Climate Change and Environmental Impact", "score": 0.09220000356435776, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2306", "display_name": "Global and Planetary Change"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23", "display_name": "Environmental Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T13530", "display_name": "Climate Change and Environmental Impact", "score": 0.09220000356435776, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2306", "display_name": "Global and Planetary Change"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23", "display_name": "Environmental Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T14329", "display_name": "Science and Climate Studies", "score": 0.08250000327825546, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2306", "display_name": "Global and Planetary Change"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23", "display_name": "Environmental Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change", "display_name": "Climate change", "score": 0.7152025699615479}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology", "display_name": "Climatology", "score": 0.6331238746643066}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science", "display_name": "Environmental science", "score": 0.5505313873291016}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-model", "display_name": "Climate model", "score": 0.471633642911911}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-commitment", "display_name": "Climate commitment", "score": 0.42075997591018677}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/atmosphere", "display_name": "Atmosphere (unit)", "score": 0.41948097944259644}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/global-warming", "display_name": "Global warming", "score": 0.3958234190940857}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography", "display_name": "Physical geography", "score": 0.3215898275375366}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/geography", "display_name": "Geography", "score": 0.3178706765174866}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology", "display_name": "Meteorology", "score": 0.3072689175605774}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/effects-of-global-warming", "display_name": "Effects of global warming", "score": 0.295986533164978}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/geology", "display_name": "Geology", "score": 0.22779124975204468}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography", "display_name": "Oceanography", "score": 0.15175554156303406}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C132651083", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942", "display_name": "Climate change", "level": 2, "score": 0.7152025699615479}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C49204034", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139", "display_name": "Climatology", "level": 1, "score": 0.6331238746643066}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847", "display_name": "Environmental science", "level": 0, "score": 0.5505313873291016}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C168754636", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620920", "display_name": "Climate model", "level": 3, "score": 0.471633642911911}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C48999079", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5133511", "display_name": "Climate commitment", "level": 5, "score": 0.42075997591018677}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C65440619", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177974", "display_name": "Atmosphere (unit)", "level": 2, "score": 0.41948097944259644}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C115343472", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942", "display_name": "Global warming", "level": 3, "score": 0.3958234190940857}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C100970517", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107", "display_name": "Physical geography", "level": 1, "score": 0.3215898275375366}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071", "display_name": "Geography", "level": 0, "score": 0.3178706765174866}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C153294291", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261", "display_name": "Meteorology", "level": 1, "score": 0.3072689175605774}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C114990195", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430548", "display_name": "Effects of global warming", "level": 4, "score": 0.295986533164978}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C127313418", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069", "display_name": "Geology", "level": 0, "score": 0.22779124975204468}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C111368507", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518", "display_name": "Oceanography", "level": 1, "score": 0.15175554156303406}], "mesh": [], "locations_count": 3, "locations": [{"id": "pmh:info:ark/67531/metadc950228", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc950228/", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400792", "display_name": "University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I123534392", "host_organization_name": "University of North Texas", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I123534392"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "public-domain", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "", "raw_type": "Report"}, {"id": "pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-017196984", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017196984&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA", "pdf_url": null, "source": null, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "", "raw_type": "text"}, {"id": "mag:2939474406", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc950228/m2/1/high_res_d/ar4_wg1_full_report.pdf", "pdf_url": null, "source": null, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": null, "is_accepted": false, "is_published": null, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": null}], "best_oa_location": {"id": "pmh:info:ark/67531/metadc950228", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc950228/", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400792", "display_name": "University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I123534392", "host_organization_name": "University of North Texas", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I123534392"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "public-domain", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "", "raw_type": "Report"}, "sustainable_development_goals": [{"display_name": "Climate action", "score": 0.7599999904632568, "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}], "awards": [], "funders": [], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": false, "pdf": false}, "content_urls": null, "referenced_works_count": 0, "referenced_works": [], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W617039848", "https://openalex.org/W2924055038", "https://openalex.org/W2907110490", "https://openalex.org/W2607177562", "https://openalex.org/W2173251738", "https://openalex.org/W2151455735", "https://openalex.org/W2133501143", "https://openalex.org/W2126975094", "https://openalex.org/W2126416729", "https://openalex.org/W21054777", "https://openalex.org/W2062217294", "https://openalex.org/W2024966118", "https://openalex.org/W1909570941", "https://openalex.org/W1621450917", "https://openalex.org/W1575579655", "https://openalex.org/W1548396839", "https://openalex.org/W1523963696", "https://openalex.org/W1522296012", "https://openalex.org/W1520428197", "https://openalex.org/W1007704209"], "abstract_inverted_index": {"This": [0], "report": [1], "is": [2], "the": [3, 7, 17, 25, 34], "first": [4], "volume": [5], "of": [6, 20, 49], "IPCC's": [8], "Fourth": [9], "Assessment": [10], "Report.": [11], "It": [12], "covers": [13], "several": [14], "topics": [15], "including": [16], "extensive": [18], "range": [19], "observations": [21], "now": [22], "available": [23], "for": [24, 47], "atmosphere": [26], "and": [27, 42, 44], "surface,": [28], "changes": [29], "in": [30], "sea": [31], "level,": [32], "assesses": [33], "paleoclimatic": [35], "perspective,": [36], "climate": [37, 45], "change": [38], "causes": [39], "both": [40], "natural": [41], "anthropogenic,": [43], "models": [46], "projections": [48], "global": [50], "climate.": [51]}, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 1}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 77}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 147}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 156}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 173}, {"year": 2021, "cited_by_count": 432}, {"year": 2020, "cited_by_count": 392}, {"year": 2019, "cited_by_count": 496}, {"year": 2018, "cited_by_count": 515}, {"year": 2017, "cited_by_count": 628}, {"year": 2016, "cited_by_count": 851}, {"year": 2015, "cited_by_count": 1759}, {"year": 2014, "cited_by_count": 2722}, {"year": 2013, "cited_by_count": 3056}, {"year": 2012, "cited_by_count": 3052}], "updated_date": "2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946", "created_date": "2025-10-10T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W1520428197", "doi": null, "title": "Climate change 2007 : the physical science basis : contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change", "display_name": "Climate change 2007 : the physical science basis : contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change", "relevance_score": 10306.4375, "publication_year": 2007, "publication_date": "2007-01-01", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W1520428197", "mag": "1520428197"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-015654135", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "http://www.ipcc.ch/ipccreports/ar4-wg1.htm", "pdf_url": null, "source": null, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "", "raw_type": "text"}, "type": "article", "indexed_in": [], "open_access": {"is_oa": false, "oa_status": "closed", "oa_url": null, "any_repository_has_fulltext": false}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5019124017", "display_name": "Susan Solomon", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2020-7581"}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Susan L. Solomon", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 0, "institutions_distinct_count": 0, "corresponding_author_ids": ["https://openalex.org/A5019124017"], "corresponding_institution_ids": [], "apc_list": null, "apc_paid": null, "fwci": 889.0842, "has_fulltext": false, "cited_by_count": 17684, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 1.0, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 99, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": null, "issue": null, "first_page": null, "last_page": null}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13530", "display_name": "Climate Change and Environmental Impact", "score": 0.7878000140190125, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2306", "display_name": "Global and Planetary Change"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23", "display_name": "Environmental Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T13530", "display_name": "Climate Change and Environmental Impact", "score": 0.7878000140190125, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2306", "display_name": "Global and Planetary Change"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23", "display_name": "Environmental Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change", "display_name": "Climate change", "score": 0.7563860416412354}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology", "display_name": "Climatology", "score": 0.7036580443382263}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/radiative-forcing", "display_name": "Radiative forcing", "score": 0.6086887717247009}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science", "display_name": "Environmental science", "score": 0.5371281504631042}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-model", "display_name": "Climate model", "score": 0.48877856135368347}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/paleoclimatology", "display_name": "Paleoclimatology", "score": 0.4402509331703186}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/snow", "display_name": "Snow", "score": 0.4271332621574402}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/forcing", "display_name": "Forcing (mathematics)", "score": 0.41558197140693665}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/geography", "display_name": "Geography", "score": 0.3264678716659546}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology", "display_name": "Meteorology", "score": 0.26943427324295044}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography", "display_name": "Oceanography", "score": 0.15989172458648682}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/geology", "display_name": "Geology", "score": 0.14427876472473145}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C132651083", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942", "display_name": "Climate change", "level": 2, "score": 0.7563860416412354}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C49204034", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139", "display_name": "Climatology", "level": 1, "score": 0.7036580443382263}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C99578197", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1463606", "display_name": "Radiative forcing", "level": 3, "score": 0.6086887717247009}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847", "display_name": "Environmental science", "level": 0, "score": 0.5371281504631042}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C168754636", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620920", "display_name": "Climate model", "level": 3, "score": 0.48877856135368347}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C33683781", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191069", "display_name": "Paleoclimatology", "level": 3, "score": 0.4402509331703186}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C197046000", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7561", "display_name": "Snow", "level": 2, "score": 0.4271332621574402}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C197115733", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1003136", "display_name": "Forcing (mathematics)", "level": 2, "score": 0.41558197140693665}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071", "display_name": "Geography", "level": 0, "score": 0.3264678716659546}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C153294291", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261", "display_name": "Meteorology", "level": 1, "score": 0.26943427324295044}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C111368507", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518", "display_name": "Oceanography", "level": 1, "score": 0.15989172458648682}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C127313418", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069", "display_name": "Geology", "level": 0, "score": 0.14427876472473145}], "mesh": [], "locations_count": 2, "locations": [{"id": "pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-015654135", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "http://www.ipcc.ch/ipccreports/ar4-wg1.htm", "pdf_url": null, "source": null, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "", "raw_type": "text"}, {"id": "mag:1520428197", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://boris.unibe.ch/71452/", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306462995", "display_name": "Cambridge University Press eBooks", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310311721", "host_organization_name": "Cambridge University Press", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310311721", "https://openalex.org/P4310311702"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Cambridge University Press", "University of Cambridge"], "type": "ebook platform"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": null, "is_accepted": false, "is_published": null, "raw_source_name": "Cambridge University Press eBooks", "raw_type": null}], "best_oa_location": null, "sustainable_development_goals": [{"display_name": "Climate action", "score": 0.8500000238418579, "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}], "awards": [], "funders": [], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": false, "pdf": false}, "content_urls": null, "referenced_works_count": 0, "referenced_works": [], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W617039848", "https://openalex.org/W2939474406", "https://openalex.org/W2907110490", "https://openalex.org/W2607177562", "https://openalex.org/W2173251738", "https://openalex.org/W2151455735", "https://openalex.org/W2133501143", "https://openalex.org/W2126975094", "https://openalex.org/W2126416729", "https://openalex.org/W21054777", "https://openalex.org/W2062667641", "https://openalex.org/W2024649846", "https://openalex.org/W1905429483", "https://openalex.org/W1621450917", "https://openalex.org/W1583276246", "https://openalex.org/W1575579655", "https://openalex.org/W1548396839", "https://openalex.org/W1523963696", "https://openalex.org/W1522296012", "https://openalex.org/W1007704209"], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Summary": [0], "for": [1], "policymakers": [2], "--": [3, 6, 13, 21, 28, 37, 45, 47, 57, 63, 69, 73, 77, 81, 92, 103], "Technical": [4], "summary": [5], "Historical": [7], "overview": [8], "of": [9, 96], "climate": [10, 26, 40, 53, 67, 71, 75], "change": [11, 27, 41, 68], "science": [12], "Changes": [14], "in": [15, 31, 51], "atmospheric": [16, 23], "constituents": [17], "and": [18, 25, 34, 42, 55, 60, 65], "radiative": [19], "forcing": [20], "Observations:": [22, 29, 38], "surface": [24], "changes": [30, 50], "snow,": [32], "ice,": [33], "frozen": [35], "ground": [36], "ocean": [39], "sea": [43], "level": [44], "Paleoclimate": [46], "Coupling": [48], "between": [49], "the": [52, 86, 97], "system": [54], "biogeochemistry": [56], "Climate": [58], "models": [59], "their": [61], "evaluation": [62], "Understanding": [64], "attributing": [66], "Global": [70], "projections": [72, 76], "Regional": [74], "Annex": [78, 82, 93, 104], "I:": [79], "Glossary": [80], "II:": [83], "Contributors": [84], "to": [85], "IPCC": [87, 98], "WGI": [88, 99], "Fourth": [89, 100], "Assessment": [90, 101], "Report": [91, 102], "III:": [94], "Reviewers": [95], "IV:": [105], "Acronyms.": [106]}, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 138}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 256}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 336}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 383}, {"year": 2021, "cited_by_count": 523}, {"year": 2020, "cited_by_count": 523}, {"year": 2019, "cited_by_count": 617}, {"year": 2018, "cited_by_count": 655}, {"year": 2017, "cited_by_count": 712}, {"year": 2016, "cited_by_count": 870}, {"year": 2015, "cited_by_count": 1031}, {"year": 2014, "cited_by_count": 1620}, {"year": 2013, "cited_by_count": 2072}, {"year": 2012, "cited_by_count": 1947}], "updated_date": "2026-07-19T07:52:34.831488", "created_date": "2025-10-10T00:00:00"}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W1522296012", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.2307/20033020", "title": "Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis", "display_name": "Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis", "relevance_score": 9638.083, "publication_year": 2002, "publication_date": "2002-01-01", "ids": {"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W1522296012", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.2307/20033020", "mag": "1522296012"}, "language": "en", "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.2307/20033020", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.2307/20033020", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S7015929", "display_name": "Foreign Affairs", "issn_l": "0015-7120", "issn": ["0015-7120", "2327-7793"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310316137", "host_organization_name": "Council on Foreign Relations", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310316137"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Council on Foreign Relations"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Foreign Affairs", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "type": "article", "indexed_in": ["crossref"], "open_access": {"is_oa": false, "oa_status": "closed", "oa_url": null, "any_repository_has_fulltext": false}, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5108634046", "display_name": "Richard N. Cooper", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Richard N. Cooper", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5016024634", "display_name": "J. T. Houghton", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5802-4759"}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "J. T. Houghton", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5070580406", "display_name": "James J. McCarthy", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8881-935X"}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "James J. McCarthy", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5110382351", "display_name": "Bert Metz", "orcid": null}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Bert Metz", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "institutions": [], "countries_distinct_count": 0, "institutions_distinct_count": 0, "corresponding_author_ids": [], "corresponding_institution_ids": [], "apc_list": null, "apc_paid": null, "fwci": 2745.478, "has_fulltext": false, "cited_by_count": 12986, "citation_normalized_percentile": {"value": 1.0, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true}, "cited_by_percentile_year": {"min": 99, "max": 100}, "biblio": {"volume": "81", "issue": "1", "first_page": "208", "last_page": "208"}, "is_retracted": false, "is_paratext": false, "is_xpac": false, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10471", "display_name": "Climate Change Policy and Economics", "score": 0.5778999924659729, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2002", "display_name": "Economics and Econometrics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/20", "display_name": "Economics, Econometrics and Finance"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10471", "display_name": "Climate Change Policy and Economics", "score": 0.5778999924659729, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2002", "display_name": "Economics and Econometrics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/20", "display_name": "Economics, Econometrics and Finance"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13530", "display_name": "Climate Change and Environmental Impact", "score": 0.5679000020027161, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2306", "display_name": "Global and Planetary Change"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23", "display_name": "Environmental Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "keywords": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science", "display_name": "Political science", "score": 0.5740510821342468}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change", "display_name": "Climate change", "score": 0.5726560354232788}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/development-economics", "display_name": "Development economics", "score": 0.3314501643180847}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/economics", "display_name": "Economics", "score": 0.20766955614089966}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/geology", "display_name": "Geology", "score": 0.10794350504875183}], "concepts": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442", "display_name": "Political science", "level": 0, "score": 0.5740510821342468}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C132651083", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942", "display_name": "Climate change", "level": 2, "score": 0.5726560354232788}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188", "display_name": "Development economics", "level": 1, "score": 0.3314501643180847}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134", "display_name": "Economics", "level": 0, "score": 0.20766955614089966}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C127313418", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069", "display_name": "Geology", "level": 0, "score": 0.10794350504875183}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/C111368507", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518", "display_name": "Oceanography", "level": 1, "score": 0.0}], "mesh": [], "locations_count": 1, "locations": [{"id": "doi:10.2307/20033020", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.2307/20033020", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S7015929", "display_name": "Foreign Affairs", "issn_l": "0015-7120", "issn": ["0015-7120", "2327-7793"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310316137", "host_organization_name": "Council on Foreign Relations", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310316137"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Council on Foreign Relations"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Foreign Affairs", "raw_type": "journal-article"}], "best_oa_location": null, "sustainable_development_goals": [{"display_name": "Climate action", "score": 0.75, "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}], "awards": [], "funders": [], "has_content": {"grobid_xml": false, "pdf": false}, "content_urls": null, "referenced_works_count": 0, "referenced_works": [], "related_works": ["https://openalex.org/W2748952813", "https://openalex.org/W1968810339", "https://openalex.org/W3096121261", "https://openalex.org/W3190643595", "https://openalex.org/W4376872516", "https://openalex.org/W4205311831", "https://openalex.org/W4225788860", "https://openalex.org/W1991192109", "https://openalex.org/W3149705085", "https://openalex.org/W2895122413"], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Summary": [0], "for": [1], "policymakers": [2], "Technical": [3], "summary": [4], "1.": [5], "The": [6, 19], "climate": [7, 14, 42, 46, 57, 61, 75], "system": [8], "-": [9, 63], "an": [10], "overview": [11], "2.": [12], "Observed": [13], "variability": [15], "and": [16, 22, 28, 35, 48, 65, 77], "change": [17, 43, 58, 76], "3.": [18], "carbon": [20], "cycle": [21], "atmospheric": [23], "CO2": [24], "4.": [25], "Atmospheric": [26], "chemistry": [27], "greenhouse": [29], "gases": [30], "5.": [31], "Aerosols,": [32], "their": [33], "direct": [34], "indirect": [36], "effects": [37], "6.": [38], "Radiative": [39], "forcing": [40], "of": [41, 55, 74, 79], "7.": [44], "Physical": [45], "processes": [47], "feedbacks": [49], "8.": [50], "Model": [51], "evaluation": [52, 64], "9.": [53], "Projections": [54], "future": [56], "10.": [59], "Regional": [60], "simulation": [62], "projections": [66], "11.": [67], "Changes": [68], "in": [69], "sea": [70], "level": [71], "12.": [72], "Detection": [73], "attribution": [78], "causes": [80], "13.": [81], "Climate": [82], "scenario": [83], "development": [84], "14.": [85], "Advancing": [86], "our": [87], "understanding": [88], "Glossary": [89], "Index": [90], "Appendix.": [91]}, "counts_by_year": [{"year": 2026, "cited_by_count": 4}, {"year": 2025, "cited_by_count": 66}, {"year": 2024, "cited_by_count": 163}, {"year": 2023, "cited_by_count": 77}, {"year": 2022, "cited_by_count": 110}, {"year": 2021, "cited_by_count": 193}, {"year": 2020, "cited_by_count": 193}, {"year": 2019, "cited_by_count": 219}, {"year": 2018, "cited_by_count": 198}, {"year": 2017, "cited_by_count": 188}, {"year": 2016, "cited_by_count": 248}, {"year": 2015, "cited_by_count": 423}, {"year": 2014, "cited_by_count": 540}, {"year": 2013, "cited_by_count": 633}, {"year": 2012, "cited_by_count": 630}], "updated_date": "2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393", "created_date": "2025-10-10T00:00:00"}], "group_by": []}