{"meta": {"count": 1000, "db_response_time_ms": 30, "page": 1, "per_page": 100, "groups_count": null, "x_query": {"oql": "get works where retracted is (false)\n  and year is (2025)\n  and title-abstract has (stemmed \"conversational AI\" OR stemmed \"conversational agent\" OR stemmed \"conversational question answering\" OR stemmed \"dialog system\" OR stemmed \"dialogue system\" OR stemmed \"task oriented dialogue\")\n  and type is (article or preprint or review);\nthen sample (1000) of those works with seed (42)", "oqo": {"get_rows": "works", "filter_rows": [{"column_id": "is_retracted", "value": false}, {"column_id": "publication_year", "value": 2025}, {"join": "or", "filters": [{"column_id": "title_and_abstract.search", "value": "\"conversational AI\"", "operator": "has"}, {"column_id": "title_and_abstract.search", "value": "\"conversational agent\"", "operator": "has"}, {"column_id": "title_and_abstract.search", "value": "\"conversational question answering\"", "operator": "has"}, {"column_id": "title_and_abstract.search", "value": "\"dialog system\"", "operator": "has"}, {"column_id": "title_and_abstract.search", "value": "\"dialogue system\"", "operator": "has"}, {"column_id": "title_and_abstract.search", "value": "\"task oriented dialogue\"", "operator": "has"}]}, {"join": "or", "filters": [{"column_id": "type", "value": "article"}, {"column_id": "type", "value": "preprint"}, {"column_id": "type", "value": "review"}]}], "sample": 1000, "seed": "42"}, "url": "/works?filter=is_retracted:false,publication_year:2025,title_and_abstract.search:%22conversational AI%22|%22conversational agent%22|%22conversational question answering%22|%22dialog system%22|%22dialogue system%22|%22task oriented dialogue%22,type:article|preprint|review&sample=1000&seed=42&per_page=100&page=1"}, "cost_usd": 0.001}, "results": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/W4410974537", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2025.104212", "title": "Cooking with context: Leveraging context for procedural question answering", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-06-03", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5082629529", "display_name": "Alexander Frummet", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5982-7104", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5982-7104"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I60668342", "display_name": "University of Regensburg", "ror": "https://ror.org/01eezs655", "country_code": "DE", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I60668342"]}], "countries": ["DE"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Alexander Frummet", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["University of Regensburg, Universit\u00e4tsstra\u00dfe 31, Regensburg, 93053, Bavaria, Germany"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5982-7104", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Regensburg, Universit\u00e4tsstra\u00dfe 31, Regensburg, 93053, Bavaria, Germany", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I60668342"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5041921674", "display_name": "David Elsweiler", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5791-0641", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5791-0641"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I60668342", "display_name": "University of Regensburg", "ror": "https://ror.org/01eezs655", "country_code": "DE", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I60668342"]}], "countries": ["DE"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "David Elsweiler", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["University of Regensburg, Universit\u00e4tsstra\u00dfe 31, Regensburg, 93053, Bavaria, Germany"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5791-0641", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Regensburg, Universit\u00e4tsstra\u00dfe 31, Regensburg, 93053, Bavaria, Germany", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I60668342"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5014534985", "display_name": "Udo Kruschwitz", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5503-0341", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5503-0341"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I60668342", "display_name": "University of Regensburg", "ror": "https://ror.org/01eezs655", "country_code": "DE", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I60668342"]}], "countries": ["DE"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Udo Kruschwitz", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["University of Regensburg, Universit\u00e4tsstra\u00dfe 31, Regensburg, 93053, Bavaria, Germany"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5503-0341", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Regensburg, Universit\u00e4tsstra\u00dfe 31, Regensburg, 93053, Bavaria, Germany", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I60668342"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Conversational": [0], "agents": [1], "struggle": [2], "to": [3, 17, 43, 138, 149, 173], "answer": [4], "questions": [5], "during": [6], "complex": [7], "tasks": [8], "such": [9], "as": [10], "do-it-yourself": [11], "(DIY)": [12], "projects": [13], "and": [14, 23, 35, 40, 84, 93], "cooking": [15, 50, 81, 130], "due": [16], "difficulties": [18], "in": [19, 38, 49, 118, 171], "understanding": [20], "task": [21, 36, 86, 170], "context": [22, 37], "user": [24], "information": [25], "needs.": [26], "This": [27], "study": [28], "examines": [29], "the": [30, 142, 157, 165, 168], "efficacy": [31], "of": [32, 70, 136, 159, 167], "integrating": [33], "conversational": [34, 133], "query": [39], "document": [41, 55], "representations": [42, 56, 95, 107, 123], "enhance": [44, 174], "question": [45], "answering": [46], "(QA)": [47], "performance": [48, 110], "tasks.": [51], "We": [52], "evaluated": [53], "three": [54, 139], "with": [57, 65], "increasing": [58], "granularity": [59], "on": [60, 102], "two": [61, 137], "task-based": [62, 94], "QA": [63, 175], "datasets": [64], "a": [66, 161], "total": [67], "sample": [68], "size": [69], "6217": [71], "question\u2013answer": [72], "pairs:": [73], "full": [74], "recipe": [75], "documents": [76], "(document-based),": [77], "segmented": [78], "recipes": [79], "by": [80, 100, 147], "steps": [82], "(step-based),": [83], "detailed": [85], "structures": [87], "(task-based).": [88], "The": [89], "results": [90, 146, 155], "show": [91], "step-": [92], "outperform": [96], "traditional": [97], "document-based": [98], "approaches": [99], "10%": [101], "average": [103], "(": [104], ").": [105], "Task-based": [106], "provide": [108], "superior": [109], "for": [111], "fact-based": [112], "needs": [113, 127], "(e.g.,": [114, 128], "ingredients,": [115], "time,": [116], "equipment)": [117], "most": [119], "cases,": [120], "while": [121], "step-based": [122], "better": [124], "address": [125], "competence": [126], "preparation,": [129], "techniques).": [131], "Simple": [132], "history": [134], "prepending": [135], "turns": [140], "yielded": [141], "best": [143], "performance,": [144], "improving": [145], "up": [148], "24%": [150], "over": [151], "no": [152], "context.": [153], "These": [154], "emphasise": [156], "importance": [158], "selecting": [160], "representation": [162], "that": [163], "matches": [164], "structure": [166], "surrounding": [169], "order": [172], "performance.": [176]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10286", "display_name": "Information Retrieval and Search Behavior", "score": 0.5756999850273132, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10286", "display_name": "Information Retrieval and Search Behavior", "score": 0.5756999850273132, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10028", "display_name": "Topic Modeling", "score": 0.33739998936653137, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.022099999710917473, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1016/j.ipm.2025.104212", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2025.104212", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S174847851", "display_name": "Information Processing & Management", "issn_l": "0020-0271", "issn": ["0020-0271", "0306-4573", "1873-5371", "1878-4089"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "jufo-3", "norway-2"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Information Processing &amp; Management", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 2, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W7127256027", "doi": null, "title": "Federated Learning Approaches for Privacy-Preserving Conversational AI in Dental Informatics", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-11-26", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5124789643", "display_name": "Usman Tariq", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Usman Tariq", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"This": [0, 176], "study": [1, 177], "investigates": [2], "how": [3], "federated": [4, 145, 180], "learning": [5, 181, 222], "can": [6, 28, 198], "enable": [7], "privacy-preserving": [8, 183], "conversational": [9, 184], "AI": [10, 185], "for": [11], "dental": [12, 66, 187], "clinics": [13, 27, 116], "while": [14, 161, 223], "complying": [15], "with": [16, 59, 100, 214], "GDPR": [17], "and": [18, 35, 51, 75, 83, 97, 124, 131, 158, 210, 227], "HIPAA.": [19], "The": [20, 45], "main": [21], "objective": [22], "is": [23, 90, 106, 112], "to": [24, 65, 77, 150], "determine": [25], "whether": [26], "automate": [29], "patient": [30, 40, 163], "communications,": [31], "call": [32], "handling,": [33], "reminders,": [34, 204], "triage,": [36], "without": [37, 189], "transferring": [38], "raw": [39], "data": [41, 164], "beyond": [42], "local": [43, 119], "systems.": [44], "methodology": [46], "combines": [47], "a": [48, 60], "narrative": [49], "review": [50], "comparative": [52], "analysis": [53], "of": [54, 207, 220], "recent": [55], "healthcare": [56], "federated-learning": [57], "studies": [58], "practical": [61, 172, 194], "deployment": [62], "blueprint": [63], "tailored": [64], "workflows.": [67], "Three": [68], "training": [69, 213], "paradigms": [70], "are": [71], "contrasted,": [72], "local,": [73], "centralized,": [74], "federated,": [76], "summarize": [78], "evidence": [79], "on": [80, 102, 121], "model": [81, 129, 136, 191], "accuracy": [82, 148], "computational": [84], "cost.": [85], "A": [86], "layered": [87], "privacy": [88], "stack": [89], "presented,": [91], "including": [92], "differential": [93], "privacy,": [94], "secure": [95], "aggregation,": [96], "homomorphic": [98], "encryption,": [99], "guidance": [101], "when": [103, 173], "each": [104], "technique": [105], "most": [107], "appropriate.": [108], "An": [109], "end-to-end": [110], "workflow": [111], "described": [113], "in": [114, 153, 186], "which": [115], "train": [117], "lightweight": [118], "adapters": [120], "anonymized": [122], "speech": [123], "text,": [125], "share": [126], "only": [127], "encrypted": [128], "updates,": [130], "receive": [132], "an": [133], "aggregated": [134], "global": [135], "that": [137, 144, 179], "improves": [138], "across": [139], "participating": [140], "sites.": [141], "Findings": [142], "indicate": [143], "models": [146], "achieve": [147], "comparable": [149], "centralized": [151], "baselines": [152], "representative": [154], "tasks": [155], "(e.g.,": [156], "segmentation": [157], "risk": [159], "prediction)": [160], "keeping": [162], "local.": [165], "Cryptographic": [166], "protections": [167], "introduce": [168], "overhead": [169], "but": [170], "remain": [171], "applied": [174], "selectively.": [175], "demonstrates": [178], "enables": [182], "informatics": [188], "compromising": [190], "performance.": [192], "In": [193], "terms,": [195], "such": [196], "systems": [197], "reduce": [199], "missed": [200], "appointments": [201], "through": [202], "targeted": [203], "accelerate": [205], "routing": [206], "urgent": [208], "complaints,": [209], "support": [211], "intern": [212], "simulated": [215], "dialogues,": [216], "delivering": [217], "the": [218], "benefits": [219], "shared": [221], "maintaining": [224], "strong": [225], "confidentiality": [226], "regulatory": [228], "compliance.": [229]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10764", "display_name": "Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data", "score": 0.9994999766349792, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10764", "display_name": "Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data", "score": 0.9994999766349792, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11636", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education", "score": 0.00019999999494757503, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2718", "display_name": "Health Informatics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T14029", "display_name": "Thoreau and American Literature", "score": 0.0, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "pmh:oai:ojs.ijcjournal.org:article/2448", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://ijcjournal.org/InternationalJournalOfComputer/article/view/2448", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306513923", "display_name": "International Journal of Computer (IJC)", "issn_l": "2307-4523", "issn": ["2307-4523"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core"], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "2307-4523", "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4412967782", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.69739/sjet.v2i2.712", "title": "StudSar: A Neural Associative Memory System for Artificial Intelligence", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-07-18", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5117628222", "display_name": "Francesco Bulla", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0353-021X", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0353-021X"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Francesco Bulla", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Independent Researcher, Catania, Italy"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Independent Researcher, Catania, Italy", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5117628223", "display_name": "Stephanie Ewelu", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0466-4718", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0466-4718"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Stephanie Ewelu", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Independent Researcher, Leeds, UK"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0466-4718", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Independent Researcher, Leeds, UK", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5106113986", "display_name": "Satya Praveen Yalla", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2630-551X", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2630-551X"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Satya Praveen Yalla", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Independent Researcher, Bengaluru, India"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Independent Researcher, Bengaluru, India", "institution_ids": []}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"StudSar": [0, 35, 80, 89, 146, 159, 244, 336], "is": [1, 125], "a": [2, 41, 78, 172, 309, 338], "novel": [3], "neural": [4], "associative": [5, 67], "memory": [6, 28, 98, 119, 209, 284, 331, 350], "system": [7], "engineered": [8], "to": [9, 92, 133, 136, 235, 238, 289, 312], "emulate": [10, 361], "human-like": [11], "mechanisms": [12], "for": [13, 178, 187, 192, 204, 221, 226, 340, 355], "forming,": [14], "storing,": [15], "and": [16, 73, 103, 114, 169, 201, 206, 213, 224, 274, 287, 298, 303, 324, 349], "retrieving": [17], "memories": [18], "in": [19, 26, 84, 156, 254, 318], "artificial": [20], "intelligence": [21], "(AI),": [22], "addressing": [23], "critical": [24], "limitations": [25], "existing": [27], "models.": [29], "Inspired": [30], "by": [31], "human": [32, 118, 330, 362], "learning": [33, 322], "strategies,": [34], "processes": [36, 332], "extensive": [37], "textual": [38], "data": [39, 144], "through": [40, 293], "structured": [42], "workflow": [43], "that": [44, 358], "segments": [45], "inputs": [46], "into": [47, 171], "semantically": [48], "rich": [49], "blocks,": [50], "generating": [51], "384-dimensional": [52], "embeddings": [53, 64], "using": [54], "the": [55, 59, 176, 353], "\u2018all-MiniLM-L6-v2\u2019": [56], "model": [57, 165], "from": [58], "Sentence": [60], "Transformers": [61], "library.": [62], "These": [63], "serve": [65], "as": [66, 107, 143, 308, 345], "markers,": [68], "enabling": [69], "real-time": [70, 193], "knowledge": [71, 325], "integration": [72], "precise,": [74], "similarity-based": [75], "retrieval": [76, 215, 281], "via": [77], "custom": [79], "Neural": [81], "network": [82, 272], "implemented": [83], "PyTorch.": [85], "Through": [86], "iterative": [87], "refinements,": [88], "has": [90], "evolved": [91], "incorporate": [93], "advanced": [94, 341], "features,": [95, 343], "including": [96], "dynamic": [97], "updates,": [99], "enhanced": [100], "contextual": [101], "handling,": [102], "metadata": [104, 170], "integration,": [105, 273], "such": [106, 344], "emotional": [108, 346], "tags": [109], "(e.g.,": [110], "\u201ccuriosity\u201d),": [111], "reputation": [112], "scores,": [113], "usage": [115], "frequency;": [116], "mimicking": [117], "dynamics": [120], "where": [121], "frequently": [122], "accessed": [123], "information": [124, 151, 249], "reinforced.": [126], "Unlike": [127, 229], "conventional": [128, 230], "AI": [129, 231, 314, 356], "assistants,": [130, 232], "which": [131, 233], "struggle": [132, 234], "accurately": [134, 236], "link": [135, 237], "specific": [137, 239], "fragments": [138, 240], "within": [139, 241], "large": [140, 242], "inputs,": [141, 243], "particularly": [142], "scales,": [145], "excels": [147, 245], "at": [148, 246], "pinpointing": [149, 247], "exact": [150, 248], "with": [152, 250, 316, 333], "context-aware": [153, 251], "precision,": [154, 252], "even": [155, 253], "expansive": [157, 255], "corpora.": [158, 256], "introduces": [160], "Perfect": [161], "Unified": [162], "Memory,": [163], "consolidating": [164], "knowledge,": [166], "user": [167, 199], "documents,": [168], "single": [173], "store,": [174], "eliminating": [175], "need": [177], "external": [179], "vector": [180], "databases.": [181], "It": [182], "also": [183], "incorporates": [184], "Native": [185], "Emotions": [186], "affective": [188], "tagging,": [189], "Dynamic": [190], "Reputations": [191], "recall": [194], "probability": [195], "adjustments": [196], "based": [197], "on": [198, 295], "feedback,": [200], "Total": [202], "Persistence": [203], "saving": [205], "reloading": [207], "entire": [208], "states,": [210], "ensuring": [211], "scalability": [212, 302], "high": [214], "accuracy": [216], "(cosine": [217], "similarities": [218], "of": [219], "0.665\u20130.798": [220], "routine": [222], "queries": [223, 297], "0.393\u20130.579": [225], "challenging": [227], "tasks).": [228], "This": [257], "paper": [258], "elucidates": [259], "StudSar\u2019s": [260, 301], "architecture,": [261], "detailing": [262], "its": [263], "five-stage": [264], "pipeline:": [265], "text": [266], "segmentation,": [267], "embedding": [268], "generation,": [269], "marker": [270], "creation,": [271], "query-driven": [275], "retrieval.": [276], "Experimental": [277], "results": [278], "demonstrate": [279], "robust": [280], "accuracy,": [282], "persistent": [283], "across": [285], "sessions,": [286], "adaptability": [288], "new": [290], "data,": [291], "validated": [292], "tests": [294], "diverse": [296], "metadata-driven": [299], "scenarios.": [300], "modular": [304], "design": [305], "position": [306], "it": [307], "transformative": [310], "contribution": [311], "next-generation": [313], "systems,": [315], "applications": [317], "conversational": [319], "agents,": [320], "personalized": [321], "platforms,": [323], "management.": [326], "By": [327], "bridging": [328], "intuitive": [329], "technical": [334], "innovation,": [335], "lays": [337], "foundation": [339], "cognitive": [342], "state": [347], "modeling": [348], "consolidation,": [351], "paving": [352], "way": [354], "systems": [357], "more": [359], "closely": [360], "intelligence.": [363]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10028", "display_name": "Topic Modeling", "score": 0.9032999873161316, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10028", "display_name": "Topic Modeling", "score": 0.9032999873161316, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10286", "display_name": "Information Retrieval and Search Behavior", "score": 0.040300000458955765, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13062", "display_name": "Cognitive Computing and Networks", "score": 0.005499999970197678, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.69739/sjet.v2i2.712", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.69739/sjet.v2i2.712", "pdf_url": "https://journals.stecab.com/index.php/sjet/article/download/712/311", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4404664189", "display_name": "Scientific journal of engineering and technology.", "issn_l": "3007-9519", "issn": ["3007-9519"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Scientific Journal of Engineering, and Technology", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W7132993116", "doi": null, "title": "Prompting Strategies for Large Language Models in Requirements Elicitation : A Systematic Literature Review", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-01-01", "type": "review", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5005984167", "display_name": "Naveed Ali", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I166825849", "display_name": "Tampere University", "ror": "https://ror.org/033003e23", "country_code": "FI", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}], "countries": ["FI"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Ali, Naveed", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Tampere University Master's Degree Programme in Computing Sciences"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Tampere University Master's Degree Programme in Computing Sciences", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Recent": [0], "advancements": [1], "in": [2, 30, 190, 207], "Large": [3], "Language": [4], "Models": [5], "(LLMs)": [6], "such": [7, 160], "as": [8, 161], "GPT-4,": [9], "DeepSeek,": [10], "Gemini,": [11], "and": [12, 27, 47, 63, 75, 80, 109, 120, 130, 137, 155, 167, 195, 213, 215, 224, 232, 240], "LLaMA": [13], "have": [14], "introduced": [15], "new": [16], "opportunities": [17], "for": [18, 100, 230], "supporting": [19, 158], "requirements": [20, 101], "elicitation,": [21, 209], "one": [22], "of": [23, 36, 53, 90, 204], "the": [24, 121], "most": [25], "knowledge-intensive": [26], "error-prone": [28], "activities": [29], "Requirements": [31], "Engineering": [32], "(RE).": [33], "The": [34, 103, 141, 171, 198], "effectiveness": [35], "LLM-assisted": [37], "elicitation": [38, 181, 244], "depends": [39], "largely": [40], "on": [41], "how": [42, 175], "prompts": [43], "are": [44], "designed,": [45], "structured,": [46], "contextualized.": [48], "As": [49], "a": [50, 68, 86, 126, 132, 201], "wide": [51], "range": [52], "prompting": [54, 95, 144, 176, 205, 238], "strategies": [55, 96, 145, 239], "has": [56], "emerged,": [57], "including": [58, 149], "zero-shot,": [59], "few-shot,": [60], "chain-of-thought,": [61], "role-based,": [62], "prompt-chaining": [64], "techniques,": [65], "there": [66], "is": [67, 177], "growing": [69], "need": [70], "to": [71, 235], "consolidate": [72], "current": [73], "evidence": [74], "evaluate": [76], "their": [77, 150], "strengths,": [78], "limitations,": [79], "practical": [81], "relevance.": [82], "This": [83], "thesis": [84], "presents": [85], "systematic": [87], "literature": [88], "review": [89, 104, 172, 227], "58": [91], "peer-reviewed": [92], "studies": [93], "investigating": [94], "used": [97], "with": [98, 157], "LLMs": [99], "elicitation.": [102], "follows": [105], "established": [106], "SLR": [107], "guidelines": [108], "PRISMA": [110], "2020": [111], "procedures.": [112], "Studies": [113], "were": [114], "retrieved": [115], "from": [116], "Scopus,": [117], "IEEE": [118], "Xplore,": [119], "ACM": [122], "Digital": [123], "Library": [124], "using": [125], "unified": [127], "search": [128], "strategy": [129], "underwent": [131], "structured": [133], "screening,": [134], "quality": [135], "assessment,": [136], "data": [138], "extraction": [139], "process.": [140], "findings": [142], "categorize": [143], "across": [146, 179], "multiple": [147], "dimensions,": [148], "structural": [151], "design,": [152], "reasoning": [153], "mechanisms,": [154], "integration": [156], "tools": [159], "retrieval-augmented": [162], "generation": [163], "pipelines,": [164], "conversational": [165], "agents,": [166], "domain-specific": [168], "knowledge": [169], "models.": [170], "also": [173], "synthesizes": [174], "applied": [178], "key": [180], "contexts.": [182], "Furthermore,": [183], "it": [184], "examines": [185], "evaluation": [186], "approaches,": [187], "highlighting": [188], "trends": [189], "quantitative": [191], "metrics,": [192], "expert": [193], "judgment,": [194], "mixed-method": [196], "assessment.": [197], "study": [199], "contributes": [200], "consolidated": [202], "view": [203], "practices": [206], "LLM-based": [208], "identifies": [210], "recurring": [211], "benefits": [212], "challenges,": [214], "outlines": [216], "emerging": [217], "best": [218], "practices.": [219], "By": [220], "synthesizing": [221], "methodological": [222], "patterns": [223], "gaps,": [225], "this": [226], "offers": [228], "guidance": [229], "researchers": [231], "practitioners": [233], "seeking": [234], "design": [236], "effective": [237], "develop": [241], "reliable,": [242], "human-centered": [243], "workflows": [245], "supported": [246], "by": [247], "generative": [248], "AI.": [249]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10430", "display_name": "Software Engineering Techniques and Practices", "score": 0.8931000232696533, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10430", "display_name": "Software Engineering Techniques and Practices", "score": 0.8931000232696533, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10639", "display_name": "Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies", "score": 0.0284000001847744, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10260", "display_name": "Software Engineering Research", "score": 0.019099999219179153, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "pmh:oai:trepo.tuni.fi:10024/232320", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://trepo.tuni.fi/handle/10024/232320", "pdf_url": "https://trepo.tuni.fi/bitstream/10024/232320/2/AliNaveed.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401860", "display_name": "Tampere University Institutional Repository (Tampere University)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I150589677", "host_organization_name": "Tampere University of Applied Sciences", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I150589677"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "other-oa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "fi= Pro gradu -tutkielma | en=Master's thesis|"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4413879485", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.59277/rrst-ee.2025.3.18", "title": "ENHANCING CONVERSATIONAL AGENTS USING ROTATIONAL ATTENTION AND GATED SPLINE MODULES", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-08-30", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5119498179", "display_name": "VIGNESH ARUMUGAM", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4387155381", "display_name": "Sri Eshwar College of Engineering", "ror": "https://ror.org/02f1z8215", "country_code": null, "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4387155381"]}], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "VIGNESH ARUMUGAM", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Sri Eshwar College of Engineering, Coimbatore \u2013 641202, Tamil Nadu, India"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Sri Eshwar College of Engineering, Coimbatore \u2013 641202, Tamil Nadu, India", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4387155381"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5034896331", "display_name": "Narayanaperumal Muthukumaran", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0592-6630", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0592-6630"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4387155381", "display_name": "Sri Eshwar College of Engineering", "ror": "https://ror.org/02f1z8215", "country_code": null, "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4387155381"]}], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "MUTHUKUMARAN NARAYANAPERUMAL", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Sri Eshwar College of Engineering, Coimbatore \u2013 641202, Tamil Nadu, India"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0592-6630", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Sri Eshwar College of Engineering, Coimbatore \u2013 641202, Tamil Nadu, India", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4387155381"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"In": [0], "natural": [1], "language": [2], "understanding,": [3], "transformer": [4], "models": [5], "like": [6], "T5": [7, 26, 51], "and": [8, 27, 40, 63, 75, 93, 102, 116, 133], "GPT": [9, 31], "have": [10], "achieved": [11], "strong": [12], "results": [13, 138], "in": [14, 25, 30, 129, 145], "generating": [15, 130], "contextually": [16], "relevant": [17], "responses.": [18, 136], "However,": [19], "limitations": [20], "such": [21], "as": [22, 124, 141], "static": [23], "self-attention": [24], "unidirectional": [28], "context": [29], "hinder": [32], "their": [33], "ability": [34], "to": [35, 110, 114], "capture": [36], "deeper": [37], "inter-token": [38], "dependencies": [39], "nuanced": [41], "semantics.": [42], "To": [43], "address": [44], "these": [45], "challenges,": [46], "we": [47], "propose": [48], "an": [49], "enhanced": [50], "(ET5)": [52], "architecture": [53], "integrating": [54], "two": [55], "novel": [56], "modules:": [57], "contextual": [58], "dual-axis": [59], "rotational": [60], "attention": [61, 71], "(CDARA)": [62], "neural-spline": [64], "gated": [65], "linear": [66], "units": [67], "(NS-GLU).": [68], "CDARA": [69], "facilitates": [70], "across": [72], "both": [73], "token": [74], "feature": [76], "dimensions,": [77], "while": [78], "NS-GLU": [79], "introduces": [80], "adaptive": [81], "spline-activated": [82], "gating": [83], "for": [84], "improved": [85], "nonlinear": [86], "representation.": [87], "Experiments": [88], "on": [89], "NarrativeQA,": [90], "SQuAD,": [91], "MultiWOZ,": [92], "DailyDialog": [94], "show": [95], "that": [96], "ET5": [97, 105, 140], "consistently": [98], "outperforms": [99], "PEGASUS,": [100], "GPT-3,": [101], "T5-LSTM": [103], "FusionNet.": [104], "achieves": [106], "superior": [107], "BERTScore": [108], "(up": [109, 113], "0.971),": [111], "BLEU": [112], "0.77),": [115], "lower": [117], "word": [118], "error": [119], "rate": [120], "(WER)": [121], "(as": [122], "low": [123], "0.13),": [125], "confirming": [126], "its": [127], "effectiveness": [128], "fluent,": [131], "accurate,": [132], "semantically": [134], "rich": [135], "These": [137], "position": [139], "a": [142], "promising": [143], "advancement": [144], "transformer-based": [146], "conversational": [147], "AI": [148], "systems.": [149]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10028", "display_name": "Topic Modeling", "score": 0.9218999743461609, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10028", "display_name": "Topic Modeling", "score": 0.9218999743461609, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.043299999088048935, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10181", "display_name": "Natural Language Processing Techniques", "score": 0.020400000736117363, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.59277/rrst-ee.2025.3.18", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.59277/rrst-ee.2025.3.18", "pdf_url": "https://journal.iem.pub.ro/rrst-ee/article/download/760/601", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4387291728", "display_name": "REVUE ROUMAINE DES SCIENCES TECHNIQUES \u2014 S\u00c9RIE \u00c9LECTROTECHNIQUE ET \u00c9NERG\u00c9TIQUE", "issn_l": "0035-4066", "issn": ["0035-4066"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": ["norway-1"], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "REVUE ROUMAINE DES SCIENCES TECHNIQUES \u2014 S\u00c9RIE \u00c9LECTROTECHNIQUE ET \u00c9NERG\u00c9TIQUE", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W7117241703", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2512.20092", "title": "Memory-T1: Reinforcement Learning for Temporal Reasoning in Multi-session Agents", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-12-23", "type": "preprint", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5129711592", "display_name": "Yiming Du", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I177725633", "display_name": "Chinese University of Hong Kong", "ror": "https://ror.org/00t33hh48", "country_code": "HK", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}], "countries": ["HK"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Du, Yiming", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["The Chinese University of Hong Kong"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "The Chinese University of Hong Kong", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5121278218", "display_name": "Baojun Wang", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Wang, Baojun", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Huawei Technologies Co. , Ltd"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Huawei Technologies Co. , Ltd", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5121282589", "display_name": "Yifan Xiang", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I177725633", "display_name": "Chinese University of Hong Kong", "ror": "https://ror.org/00t33hh48", "country_code": "HK", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}], "countries": ["HK"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Xiang, Yifan", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["The Chinese University of Hong Kong"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "The Chinese University of Hong Kong", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5121279097", "display_name": "Zhaowei Wang", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I200769079", "display_name": "Hong Kong University of Science and Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/00q4vv597", "country_code": "HK", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}], "countries": ["HK"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Wang, Zhaowei", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["HKUST"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "HKUST", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5093837724", "display_name": "Wenyu Huang", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I98677209", "display_name": "University of Edinburgh", "ror": "https://ror.org/01nrxwf90", "country_code": "GB", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}], "countries": ["GB"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Huang, Wenyu", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["The University of Edinburgh {ydu ,"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "The University of Edinburgh {ydu ,", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5033502057", "display_name": "Boyang Xue", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0731-3977", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0731-3977"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I177725633", "display_name": "Chinese University of Hong Kong", "ror": "https://ror.org/00t33hh48", "country_code": "HK", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}], "countries": ["HK"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Xue, Boyang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["The Chinese University of Hong Kong"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "The Chinese University of Hong Kong", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5121293623", "display_name": "Bin Liang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8591-8843", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8591-8843"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I177725633", "display_name": "Chinese University of Hong Kong", "ror": "https://ror.org/00t33hh48", "country_code": "HK", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}], "countries": ["HK"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Liang, Bin", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["The Chinese University of Hong Kong"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "The Chinese University of Hong Kong", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5044933782", "display_name": "Xingshan Zeng", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0455-5519", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0455-5519"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Zeng, Xingshan", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Huawei Technologies Co. , Ltd"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Huawei Technologies Co. , Ltd", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5140949489", "display_name": "Fei Mi", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Mi, Fei", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Huawei Technologies Co. , Ltd"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Huawei Technologies Co. , Ltd", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5122143353", "display_name": "Haoli Bai", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Bai, Haoli", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Huawei Technologies Co. , Ltd"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Huawei Technologies Co. , Ltd", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5119968962", "display_name": "Lifeng Shang", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Shang, Lifeng", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Huawei Technologies Co. , Ltd"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Huawei Technologies Co. , Ltd", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5121266205", "display_name": "Jeff Z. Pan", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I98677209", "display_name": "University of Edinburgh", "ror": "https://ror.org/01nrxwf90", "country_code": "GB", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}], "countries": ["GB"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Pan, Jeff Z.", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["The University of Edinburgh {ydu ,"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "The University of Edinburgh {ydu ,", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5119104112", "display_name": "Yuxin Jiang", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jiang, Yuxin", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Huawei Technologies Co. , Ltd"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Huawei Technologies Co. , Ltd", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5104234625", "display_name": "Kam-Fai Wong", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I177725633", "display_name": "Chinese University of Hong Kong", "ror": "https://ror.org/00t33hh48", "country_code": "HK", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}], "countries": ["HK"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Wong, Kam-Fai", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["The Chinese University of Hong Kong"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "The Chinese University of Hong Kong", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Temporal": [0], "reasoning": [1, 44], "over": [2], "long,": [3], "multi-session": [4], "dialogues": [5], "is": [6, 98], "a": [7, 52, 56, 67, 76, 101, 123, 159, 169, 178, 195], "critical": [8], "capability": [9], "for": [10, 173], "conversational": [11], "agents.": [12], "However,": [13], "existing": [14], "works": [15], "and": [16, 29, 81, 112, 140, 176, 188, 221], "our": [17], "pilot": [18], "study": [19], "have": [20], "shown": [21], "that": [22, 54, 89], "as": [23], "dialogue": [24, 73, 217], "histories": [25], "grow": [26], "in": [27, 215], "length": [28], "accumulate": [30], "noise,": [31], "current": [32], "long-context": [33], "models": [34, 175, 209], "struggle": [35], "to": [36, 148, 162, 194, 204], "accurately": [37], "identify": [38], "temporally": [39], "pertinent": [40], "information,": [41], "significantly": [42], "impairing": [43], "performance.": [45], "To": [46], "address": [47], "this,": [48], "we": [49], "introduce": [50], "Memory-T1,": [51], "framework": [53], "learns": [55], "time-aware": [57], "memory": [58], "selection": [59], "policy": [60], "using": [61, 79], "reinforcement": [62], "learning": [63], "(RL).": [64], "It": [65], "employs": [66], "coarse-to-fine": [68], "strategy,": [69], "first": [70], "pruning": [71], "the": [72, 91, 118, 130, 136, 141, 146, 154], "history": [74], "into": [75], "candidate": [77], "set": [78], "temporal": [80, 114, 119, 186], "relevance": [82], "filters,": [83], "followed": [84], "by": [85, 100, 126, 181], "an": [86, 163], "RL": [87, 96], "agent": [88, 147], "selects": [90], "precise": [92], "evidence": [93, 110, 189], "sessions.": [94], "The": [95, 219], "training": [97], "guided": [99], "multi-level": [102], "reward": [103, 121], "function": [104], "optimizing": [105], "(i)": [106], "answer": [107], "accuracy,": [108], "(ii)": [109], "grounding,": [111], "(iii)": [113], "consistency.": [115], "In": [116], "particular,": [117], "consistency": [120, 187], "provides": [122], "dense": [124], "signal": [125], "evaluating": [127], "alignment": [128], "with": [129], "query": [131], "time": [132], "scope": [133], "at": [134, 226], "both": [135], "session-level": [137], "(chronological": [138, 143], "proximity)": [139], "utterance-level": [142], "fidelity),": [144], "enabling": [145], "resolve": [149], "subtle": [150], "chronological": [151], "ambiguities.": [152], "On": [153], "Time-Dialog": [155], "benchmark,": [156], "Memory-T1": [157, 200], "boosts": [158], "7B": [160], "model": [161], "overall": [164], "score": [165], "of": [166], "67.0\\%,": [167], "establishing": [168], "new": [170], "state-of-the-art": [171], "performance": [172, 197], "open-source": [174], "outperforming": [177], "14B": [179], "baseline": [180, 208], "10.2\\%.": [182], "Ablation": [183], "studies": [184], "show": [185], "grounding": [190], "rewards": [191], "jointly": [192], "contribute": [193], "15.0\\%": [196], "gain.": [198], "Moreover,": [199], "maintains": [201], "robustness": [202], "up": [203], "128k": [205], "tokens,": [206], "where": [207], "collapse,": [210], "proving": [211], "effectiveness": [212], "against": [213], "noise": [214], "extensive": [216], "histories.": [218], "code": [220], "datasets": [222], "are": [223], "publicly": [224], "available": [225], "https://github.com/Elvin-Yiming-Du/Memory-T1/": [227]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9717000126838684, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9717000126838684, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10028", "display_name": "Topic Modeling", "score": 0.006800000090152025, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11714", "display_name": "Multimodal Machine Learning Applications", "score": 0.004100000020116568, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1707", "display_name": "Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2512.20092", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://arxiv.org/abs/2512.20092", "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2512.20092", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400194", "display_name": "arXiv (Cornell University)", "issn_l": "2331-8422", "issn": ["2331-8422"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I205783295", "host_organization_name": "Cornell University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I205783295"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "public-domain", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "text"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4410795116", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5266872", "title": "Conversational Ai for Digital Accessibility: An Experimental Study Involving Blind and Visually Impaired Users", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-01-01", "type": "preprint", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5082321207", "display_name": "Andrea Esposito", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9536-3087", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9536-3087"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I5561750", "display_name": "University of Bari Aldo Moro", "ror": "https://ror.org/027ynra39", "country_code": "IT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}], "countries": ["IT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Andrea Esposito", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d (UNIBA) - Department of Computer Science", "Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d (UNIBA) - Department of Computer Science, Via E. Orabona 4, Bari, Bari 70125, Italy"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d (UNIBA) - Department of Computer Science", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d (UNIBA) - Department of Computer Science, Via E. Orabona 4, Bari, Bari 70125, Italy", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5090655171", "display_name": "Rosa Lanzilotti", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2039-8162", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2039-8162"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I5561750", "display_name": "University of Bari Aldo Moro", "ror": "https://ror.org/027ynra39", "country_code": "IT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}], "countries": ["IT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Rosa Lanzilotti", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["University of Bari", "University of Bari, Italy"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Bari", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Bari, Italy", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5039770857", "display_name": "Maristella Matera", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0552-8624", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0552-8624"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I93860229", "display_name": "Politecnico di Milano", "ror": "https://ror.org/01nffqt88", "country_code": "IT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}], "countries": ["IT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "maristella matera", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Politecnico di Milano - DEIB", "Politecnico di Milano - DEIB, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, Milan, Milano 20100, Italy"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Politecnico di Milano - DEIB", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Politecnico di Milano - DEIB, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, Milan, Milano 20100, Italy", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5075890991", "display_name": "Antonio Piccinno", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1561-7073", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1561-7073"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I5561750", "display_name": "University of Bari Aldo Moro", "ror": "https://ror.org/027ynra39", "country_code": "IT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}], "countries": ["IT"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Antonio Piccinno", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["University of Bari"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Bari", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5075561599", "display_name": "Ludovica Piro", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5515-8396", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5515-8396"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I93860229", "display_name": "Politecnico di Milano", "ror": "https://ror.org/01nffqt88", "country_code": "IT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}], "countries": ["IT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ludovica Piro", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Polytechnic University of Milan"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Polytechnic University of Milan", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5032598174", "display_name": "Emanuele Pucci", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2808-5619", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2808-5619", "https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2345-8370"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I93860229", "display_name": "Politecnico di Milano", "ror": "https://ror.org/01nffqt88", "country_code": "IT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}], "countries": ["IT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Emanuele Pucci", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Polytechnic University of Milan", "Polytechnic University of Milan, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, Milan, 20100, Italy"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Polytechnic University of Milan", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Polytechnic University of Milan, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, Milan, 20100, Italy", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5071738166", "display_name": "Grazia Ragone", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8774-1789", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8774-1789"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Grazia Ragone", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": null, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12481", "display_name": "Digital Accessibility for Disabilities", "score": 0.9984999895095825, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3307", "display_name": "Human Factors and Ergonomics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12481", "display_name": "Digital Accessibility for Disabilities", "score": 0.9984999895095825, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3307", "display_name": "Human Factors and Ergonomics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12207", "display_name": "Assistive Technology in Communication and Mobility", "score": 0.000699999975040555, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3609", "display_name": "Occupational Therapy"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/36", "display_name": "Health Professions"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10914", "display_name": "Tactile and Sensory Interactions", "score": 9.999999747378752e-05, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2805", "display_name": "Cognitive Neuroscience"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/28", "display_name": "Neuroscience"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/1", "display_name": "Life Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.2139/ssrn.5266872", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5266872", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210172589", "display_name": "SSRN Electronic Journal", "issn_l": "1556-5068", "issn": ["1556-5068"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1318003438", "host_organization_name": "RELX Group (Netherlands)", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "acceptedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "posted-content"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4412388442", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.70020", "title": "The Usability and Experience of Artificial Intelligence\u2010Based Conversational Agents in Health Education for Cancer Patients: A Scoping Review", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-07-14", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Kun Li", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4061-9824", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4061-9824"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210166576", "display_name": "First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University", "ror": "https://ror.org/05m1p5x56", "country_code": "CN", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210166576"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76130692", "display_name": "Zhejiang University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00a2xv884", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Kun Li", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Nursing, School of Medicine Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China", "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine  Hangzhou China", "Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China", "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4061-9824", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, School of Medicine Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine  Hangzhou China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210166576"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210166576", "https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Siyuan Wu", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8898-2667", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8898-2667"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210166576", "display_name": "First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University", "ror": "https://ror.org/05m1p5x56", "country_code": "CN", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210166576"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76130692", "display_name": "Zhejiang University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00a2xv884", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Siyuan Wu", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Nursing, School of Medicine Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China", "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine  Hangzhou China", "Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China", "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8898-2667", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, School of Medicine Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine  Hangzhou China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210166576"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210166576", "https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5082218269", "display_name": "Ying Zhang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3182-2758", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3182-2758"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210166576", "display_name": "First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University", "ror": "https://ror.org/05m1p5x56", "country_code": "CN", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210166576"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76130692", "display_name": "Zhejiang University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00a2xv884", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ying Zhang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Nursing, School of Medicine Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China", "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine  Hangzhou China", "Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China", "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3182-2758", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, School of Medicine Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine  Hangzhou China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210166576"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210166576", "https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5018225611", "display_name": "Binbin Zhu", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6579-2983", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6579-2983"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210166576", "display_name": "First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University", "ror": "https://ror.org/05m1p5x56", "country_code": "CN", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210166576"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76130692", "display_name": "Zhejiang University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00a2xv884", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Binbin Zhu", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Nursing, School of Medicine Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China", "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine  Hangzhou China", "Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China", "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, School of Medicine Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine  Hangzhou China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210166576"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210166576", "https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5049784049", "display_name": "Ziyi Qi", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2731-5953", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2731-5953"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210166576", "display_name": "First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University", "ror": "https://ror.org/05m1p5x56", "country_code": "CN", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210166576"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76130692", "display_name": "Zhejiang University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00a2xv884", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ziyi Qi", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Nursing, School of Medicine Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China", "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine  Hangzhou China", "Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China", "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2731-5953", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, School of Medicine Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine  Hangzhou China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210166576"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210166576", "https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5102555767", "display_name": "Sijia Hou", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6359-810X", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6359-810X"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210166576", "display_name": "First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University", "ror": "https://ror.org/05m1p5x56", "country_code": "CN", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210166576"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76130692", "display_name": "Zhejiang University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00a2xv884", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Sijia Hou", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Nursing, School of Medicine Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China", "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine  Hangzhou China", "Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China", "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6359-810X", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, School of Medicine Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine  Hangzhou China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210166576"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210166576", "https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5069992334", "display_name": "Wei Wang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1468-2746", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1468-2746"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210166576", "display_name": "First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University", "ror": "https://ror.org/05m1p5x56", "country_code": "CN", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210166576"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76130692", "display_name": "Zhejiang University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00a2xv884", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Wei Wang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine  Hangzhou China", "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1468-2746", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine  Hangzhou China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210166576"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210166576", "https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"BACKGROUND:": [0], "Artificial": [1], "intelligence-based": [2, 57], "conversational": [3, 58], "agents": [4, 59], "(CAs)": [5], "have": [6], "shown": [7], "transformative": [8], "potential": [9], "in": [10, 15, 60, 107, 156, 225, 241, 255], "healthcare,": [11], "yet": [12], "their": [13, 124], "application": [14], "cancer": [16, 64, 242, 286], "health": [17, 61, 287], "education": [18, 62], "has": [19], "remained": [20], "underexplored,": [21], "particularly": [22, 253], "regarding": [23], "usability": [24, 52], "and": [25, 53, 84, 95, 119, 177, 202, 209, 223, 268, 277, 296], "patients'": [26], "experiences.": [27], "Existing": [28], "reviews": [29, 94, 100], "lack": [30, 220], "a": [31], "dedicated": [32], "focus": [33], "on": [34], "user": [35, 67], "perspectives,": [36], "limiting": [37], "insights": [38], "into": [39], "how": [40], "CAs": [41, 163, 201, 205, 236, 281], "can": [42], "be": [43], "optimised": [44], "for": [45, 63, 92, 98, 212], "patient": [46, 249, 294], "needs.": [47], "AIM:": [48], "To": [49], "explore": [50], "the": [51, 66, 76, 88, 133, 200], "experience": [54], "of": [55, 112, 151, 221, 265], "artificial": [56], "from": [65, 123], "perspective.": [68], "DESIGN:": [69], "A": [70, 103, 149], "scoping": [71, 99, 158], "review": [72, 233], "was": [73, 105, 143, 252], "conducted": [74], "with": [75, 188, 293], "Joanna": [77], "Briggs": [78], "Institute": [79], "Scoping": [80], "Reviews": [81], "conduct": [82], "guidance": [83], "reported": [85, 183, 203], "according": [86], "to": [87, 126, 132, 145, 284], "preferred": [89, 186], "reporting": [90], "items": [91], "systematic": [93], "meta-analyses": [96], "extension": [97], "checklist.": [101], "METHODS:": [102], "search": [104], "performed": [106], "PubMed,": [108], "Embase,": [109], "CINAHL,": [110], "Web": [111], "Science,": [113], "PsycINFO,": [114], "IEEE": [115], "Xplore": [116], "Digital": [117, 121], "Library": [118, 122], "ACM": [120], "inception": [125], "March": [127], "6,": [128], "2024.": [129], "The": [130, 139], "references": [131], "articles": [134], "included": [135, 155], "were": [136, 154, 196, 229], "also": [137], "searched.": [138], "Pillar": [140], "Integration": [141], "Process": [142], "employed": [144], "chart": [146], "data.": [147], "RESULTS:": [148], "total": [150], "12": [152], "studies": [153, 182], "this": [157], "review,": [159], "which": [160, 251], "revealed": [161], "that": [162, 184, 204, 235, 290], "supported": [164], "diverse": [165], "educational": [166], "contexts,": [167], "including": [168], "cancer-related": [169], "knowledge": [170], "(41.7%),": [171], "pretest": [172], "genetics": [173], "(33.3%),": [174], "self-management": [175], "(16.7%)": [176], "psychological": [178, 210], "skills": [179], "(8.3%).": [180], "Three": [181], "patients": [185], "interactions": [187], "multiple": [189], "options": [190], "or": [191], "'read": [192], "more'": [193], "functions.": [194], "Patients": [195], "generally": [197], "optimistic": [198], "about": [199], "provided": [206, 289], "informational,": [207], "physical,": [208], "support": [211], "them.": [213], "However,": [214, 258], "limitations": [215], "such": [216], "as": [217], "insufficient": [218], "customisation,": [219], "empathy,": [222], "defects": [224], "understanding": [226], "free-input": [227], "questions": [228], "noted.": [230], "CONCLUSION:": [231], "This": [232], "demonstrated": [234], "are": [237], "promising": [238], "complementary": [239], "tools": [240, 283], "education,": [243, 288], "alleviating": [244], "healthcare": [245], "burdens": [246], "while": [247], "enhancing": [248], "engagement,": [250], "critical": [254], "resource-limited": [256], "settings.": [257], "clinical": [259], "implementation": [260], "requires": [261], "more": [262], "rigorous": [263], "validation": [264], "safety": [266, 298], "protocols": [267], "high-quality": [269], "original": [270], "studies.": [271], "RELEVANCE": [272], "TO": [273], "CLINICAL": [274], "PRACTICE:": [275], "Nurses": [276], "policymakers": [278], "should": [279], "consider": [280], "valuable": [282], "enhance": [285], "they": [291], "align": [292], "needs": [295], "institutional": [297], "standards.": [299]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11636", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education", "score": 0.8877000212669373, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2718", "display_name": "Health Informatics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11636", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education", "score": 0.8877000212669373, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2718", "display_name": "Health Informatics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11446", "display_name": "Mobile Health and mHealth Applications", "score": 0.02800000086426735, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3600", "display_name": "General Health Professions"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/36", "display_name": "Health Professions"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.017999999225139618, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1111/jocn.70020", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.70020", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S180106345", "display_name": "Journal of Clinical Nursing", "issn_l": "0962-1067", "issn": ["0962-1067", "1365-2702"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "doyens", "jufo-3", "ki-jl-3", "medline", "norway-2"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320595", "host_organization_name": "Wiley", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Wiley"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Journal of Clinical Nursing", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 10, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4411581695", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.72752", "title": "Question Classification with Transfer Learning", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-06-24", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5005346957", "display_name": "Pawan", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I15896350", "display_name": "Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/02zpxgh81", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I15896350"]}], "countries": ["IN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Pawan", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Assistant Professor, Artificial Intelligence and Data Science , GJUS&T ,", "Computer Science ,"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Assistant Professor, Artificial Intelligence and Data Science , GJUS&T ,", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I15896350"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Computer Science ,", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5113938444", "display_name": "Amandeep Amandeep", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Amandeep", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Ankita", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ankita", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"The": [0], "widespread": [1], "growth": [2], "of": [3, 12, 16, 69, 81, 151, 163, 169], "online": [4], "platforms": [5], "has": [6, 30], "led": [7], "to": [8, 99, 138, 175, 185], "an": [9], "overwhelming": [10], "volume": [11], "user-generated": [13], "questions,": [14, 136], "many": [15], "which": [17], "are": [18, 173], "redundant,": [19], "poorly": [20], "categorized,": [21], "or": [22, 119], "lack": [23], "clarity": [24], "in": [25, 36, 190], "purpose.": [26], "Effective": [27], "question": [28, 187], "classification": [29], "thus": [31], "become": [32], "a": [33, 55, 78, 100], "crucial": [34], "task": [35], "natural": [37], "language": [38, 157], "processing,": [39], "especially": [40, 114], "for": [41, 59, 87, 131, 154, 179], "applications": [42], "like": [43], "intelligent": [44], "search": [45], "systems,": [46], "educational": [47], "forums,": [48], "and": [49, 89, 103, 107, 133, 141, 184], "conversational": [50], "agents.": [51], "This": [52], "study": [53], "explores": [54], "transfer": [56, 152], "learning-based": [57], "approach": [58], "classifying": [60], "questions": [61], "into": [62], "predefined": [63], "categories": [64], "by": [65], "leveraging": [66], "the": [67, 82, 116, 120, 149], "power": [68], "RoBERTa,a": [70], "robustly": [71], "optimized": [72], "transformer": [73], "model.": [74], "We": [75], "rely": [76], "on": [77], "preprocessed": [79], "draft": [80], "Quora": [83], "Question": [84], "Pairs": [85], "dataset": [86], "training": [88], "evaluation.": [90], "For": [91], "more": [92, 142], "reliable": [93], "learning,": [94], "we": [95, 172], "adapt": [96], "fine-tuning": [97], "strategies": [98], "subsampled": [101], "subset": [102], "analyze": [104], "linguistic": [105], "properties": [106], "semantic": [108, 123], "embeddings.": [109], "Results": [110], "show": [111], "higher": [112], "accuracy": [113], "among": [115], "overlapped": [117], "classes": [118], "fine": [121], "grained": [122], "ones.": [124], "Furthermore,": [125], "our": [126], "method": [127], "demonstrates": [128], "strong": [129], "capability": [130], "detecting": [132], "removing": [134], "duplicate": [135], "leading": [137], "cleaner": [139], "data": [140], "effective": [143], "information": [144], "retrieval.": [145], "These": [146], "results": [147], "bolster": [148], "utility": [150], "learning": [153], "tackling": [155], "challenging": [156], "problems": [158], "with": [159], "only": [160], "limited": [161], "amounts": [162], "manual": [164], "feature": [165], "engineering.": [166], "As": [167], "part": [168], "future": [170], "work,": [171], "likely": [174], "generalize": [176], "this": [177], "model": [178], "multi-label": [180], "classification,": [181], "domain": [182], "adaptation,": [183], "real-time": [186], "stream": [188], "analysis": [189], "continual": [191], "systems.": [192]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10028", "display_name": "Topic Modeling", "score": 0.9380000233650208, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10028", "display_name": "Topic Modeling", "score": 0.9380000233650208, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11550", "display_name": "Text and Document Classification Technologies", "score": 0.02539999969303608, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13274", "display_name": "Expert finding and Q&A systems", "score": 0.008299999870359898, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.22214/ijraset.2025.72752", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.72752", "pdf_url": "https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.72752", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764566388", "display_name": "International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology", "issn_l": "2321-9653", "issn": ["2321-9653"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4322614460", "host_organization_name": "International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (IJRASET)", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4322614460"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (IJRASET)"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4414969682", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2510.03696", "title": "Mind the Goal: Data-Efficient Goal-Oriented Evaluation of Conversational Agents and Chatbots using Teacher Models", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-10-04", "type": "preprint", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5122752746", "display_name": "Deepak Babu Piskala", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9531-5379", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9531-5379"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Piskala, Deepak Babu", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Chen, Sharlene", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Chen, Sharlene", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Patel, Udita", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Patel, Udita", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5001321140", "display_name": "Parul Kalra", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2648-6665", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2648-6665"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Kalra, Parul", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5119910320", "display_name": "Rafael Castrillo", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Castrillo, Rafael", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Evaluating": [0], "the": [1, 16, 61, 68, 125], "quality": [2, 118], "of": [3, 56, 70, 77, 194], "multi-turn": [4], "chatbot": [5], "interactions": [6, 14], "remains": [7], "challenging,": [8], "as": [9, 39, 121, 158], "most": [10], "existing": [11], "methods": [12], "assess": [13], "at": [15], "turn": [17], "level": [18], "without": [19], "addressing": [20], "whether": [21], "a": [22, 50, 74, 105, 122, 151, 159, 187], "user's": [23], "overarching": [24], "goal": [25], "was": [26], "fulfilled.": [27], "A": [28], "``goal''": [29], "here": [30], "refers": [31], "to": [32, 66, 81, 132, 148, 170], "an": [33, 141], "information": [34, 43], "need": [35], "or": [36, 44], "task,": [37], "such": [38], "asking": [40], "for": [41, 46, 53, 84, 124], "policy": [42], "applying": [45], "leave.": [47], "We": [48, 103], "propose": [49], "comprehensive": [51], "framework": [52, 147, 179], "goal-oriented": [54], "evaluation": [55, 107], "multi-agent": [57, 87, 161, 198], "systems": [58], "(MAS),": [59], "introducing": [60], "\\textbf{Goal": [62], "Success": [63], "Rate": [64], "(GSR)}": [65], "measure": [67], "percentage": [69], "fulfilled": [71], "goals,": [72, 116], "and": [73, 96, 164, 182, 207], "\\textbf{Root": [75], "Cause": [76], "Failure": [78], "(RCOF)}": [79], "taxonomy": [80, 190], "identify": [82], "reasons": [83], "failure": [85, 195, 205], "in": [86, 197], "chatbots.": [88], "Our": [89, 178], "method": [90], "segments": [91], "conversations": [92], "by": [93], "user": [94], "goals": [95], "evaluates": [97], "success": [98], "using": [99], "all": [100], "relevant": [101], "turns.": [102], "present": [104], "model-based": [106], "system": [108, 156, 209], "combining": [109], "teacher": [110], "LLMs,": [111], "where": [112], "domain": [113], "experts": [114], "define": [115], "set": [117], "standards": [119], "serving": [120], "guidance": [123], "LLMs.": [126], "The": [127], "LLMs": [128], "use": [129], "``thinking": [130], "tokens''": [131], "produce": [133], "interpretable": [134], "rationales,": [135], "enabling": [136], "\\textit{explainable},": [137], "\\textit{data-efficient}": [138], "evaluations.": [139], "In": [140], "enterprise": [142], "setting,": [143], "we": [144], "apply": [145], "our": [146], "evaluate": [149], "AIDA,": [150], "zero-to-one": [152], "employee": [153], "conversational": [154, 162], "agent": [155], "built": [157], "ground-up": [160], "agent,": [163], "observe": [165], "GSR": [166], "improvement": [167], "from": [168], "63\\%": [169], "79\\%": [171], "over": [172], "six": [173], "months": [174], "since": [175], "its": [176], "inception.": [177], "is": [180], "generic": [181], "offers": [183], "actionable": [184], "insights": [185], "through": [186], "detailed": [188], "defect": [189], "based": [191], "on": [192], "analysis": [193], "points": [196], "chatbots,": [199], "diagnosing": [200], "overall": [201], "success,": [202], "identifying": [203], "key": [204], "modes,": [206], "informing": [208], "improvements.": [210]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.7221999764442444, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.7221999764442444, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.2621999979019165, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11902", "display_name": "Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning", "score": 0.0027000000700354576, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2510.03696", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://arxiv.org/abs/2510.03696", "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.03696", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400194", "display_name": "arXiv (Cornell University)", "issn_l": "2331-8422", "issn": ["2331-8422"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I205783295", "host_organization_name": "Cornell University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I205783295"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "text"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4417028100", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2512.03381", "title": "Characterizing Language Use in a Collaborative Situated Game", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-12-03", "type": "preprint", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5013447238", "display_name": "Nicholas Tomlin", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6502-989X", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6502-989X"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I57206974", "display_name": "New York University", "ror": "https://ror.org/0190ak572", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I95457486", "display_name": "University of California, Berkeley", "ror": "https://ror.org/01an7q238", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Tomlin, Nicholas", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["NYU", "UC Berkeley"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "NYU", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "UC Berkeley", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Zhou, Naitian", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I95457486", "display_name": "University of California, Berkeley", "ror": "https://ror.org/01an7q238", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Zhou, Naitian", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["UC Berkeley"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "UC Berkeley", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5075793514", "display_name": "Eve Fleisig", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6831-7319", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6831-7319"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I95457486", "display_name": "University of California, Berkeley", "ror": "https://ror.org/01an7q238", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Fleisig, Eve", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["UC Berkeley"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "UC Berkeley", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5120637774", "display_name": "Liangyuan", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I95457486", "display_name": "University of California, Berkeley", "ror": "https://ror.org/01an7q238", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Chen, Liangyuan", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["UC Berkeley"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "UC Berkeley", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Wright, T\u00e9a", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I95457486", "display_name": "University of California, Berkeley", "ror": "https://ror.org/01an7q238", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Wright, T\u00e9a", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["UC Berkeley"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "UC Berkeley", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5120637775", "display_name": "Lauren Vinh", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I95457486", "display_name": "University of California, Berkeley", "ror": "https://ror.org/01an7q238", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Vinh, Lauren", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["UC Berkeley"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "UC Berkeley", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5112502370", "display_name": "liping Ma", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I95457486", "display_name": "University of California, Berkeley", "ror": "https://ror.org/01an7q238", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ma, Laura X.", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["UC Berkeley"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "UC Berkeley", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5120714228", "display_name": "Seun Eisape", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8508-4758", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8508-4758"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I95457486", "display_name": "University of California, Berkeley", "ror": "https://ror.org/01an7q238", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Eisape, Seun", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["UC Berkeley"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "UC Berkeley", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5120688364", "display_name": "Ellie French", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I95457486", "display_name": "University of California, Berkeley", "ror": "https://ror.org/01an7q238", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "French, Ellie", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["UC Berkeley"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "UC Berkeley", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5069499398", "display_name": "Tingting Du", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1350-6778", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1350-6778"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I95457486", "display_name": "University of California, Berkeley", "ror": "https://ror.org/01an7q238", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Du, Tingting", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["UC Berkeley"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "UC Berkeley", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100671128", "display_name": "Tianjiao Zhang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3244-2255", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3244-2255"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I95457486", "display_name": "University of California, Berkeley", "ror": "https://ror.org/01an7q238", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Zhang, Tianjiao", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Equal contribution", "UC Berkeley"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Equal contribution", "institution_ids": []}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "UC Berkeley", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5088112892", "display_name": "Alexander Koller", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5317-6689", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5317-6689"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I91712215", "display_name": "Saarland University", "ror": "https://ror.org/01jdpyv68", "country_code": "DE", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]}], "countries": ["DE"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Koller, Alexander", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Saarland University *"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Saarland University *", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5009625151", "display_name": "Alane Suhr", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I95457486", "display_name": "University of California, Berkeley", "ror": "https://ror.org/01an7q238", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Suhr, Alane", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["UC Berkeley"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "UC Berkeley", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Cooperative": [0], "video": [1], "games,": [2], "where": [3], "multiple": [4], "participants": [5], "must": [6], "coordinate": [7], "by": [8], "communicating": [9], "and": [10, 59, 83, 85, 116, 119], "reasoning": [11], "under": [12], "uncertainty": [13], "in": [14, 39, 70, 96], "complex": [15, 79], "environments,": [16], "yield": [17], "a": [18, 30, 62], "rich": [19], "source": [20], "of": [21, 32, 35, 43, 64, 93, 122], "language": [22, 58, 94, 123], "data.": [23, 124], "We": [24, 55], "collect": [25], "the": [26, 40, 44, 105], "Portal": [27, 46], "Dialogue": [28], "Corpus:": [29], "corpus": [31], "11.5": [33], "hours": [34], "spoken": [36], "human": [37], "dialogue": [38, 76], "co-op": [41], "mode": [42], "popular": [45], "2": [47], "virtual": [48], "puzzle": [49], "game,": [50], "comprising": [51], "24.5K": [52], "total": [53], "utterances.": [54], "analyze": [56], "player": [57, 109], "behavior,": [60], "identifying": [61], "number": [63], "linguistic": [65], "phenomena": [66], "that": [67], "rarely": [68], "appear": [69], "most": [71], "existing": [72], "chitchat": [73], "or": [74], "task-oriented": [75], "corpora,": [77], "including": [78], "spatial": [80], "reference,": [81], "clarification": [82], "repair,": [84], "ad-hoc": [86], "convention": [87], "formation.": [88], "To": [89], "support": [90], "future": [91], "analyses": [92], "use": [95], "complex,": [97], "situated,": [98], "collaborative": [99], "problem-solving": [100], "scenarios,": [101], "we": [102], "publicly": [103], "release": [104], "corpus,": [106], "which": [107], "comprises": [108], "videos,": [110], "audio,": [111], "transcripts,": [112], "game": [113], "state": [114], "data,": [115], "both": [117], "manual": [118], "automatic": [120], "annotations": [121]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9794999957084656, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9794999957084656, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10383", "display_name": "Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies", "score": 0.016100000590085983, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1203", "display_name": "Language and Linguistics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/12", "display_name": "Arts and Humanities"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13623", "display_name": "Linguistic Studies and Language Acquisition", "score": 0.0010999999940395355, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2512.03381", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://arxiv.org/abs/2512.03381", "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2512.03381", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400194", "display_name": "arXiv (Cornell University)", "issn_l": "2331-8422", "issn": ["2331-8422"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I205783295", "host_organization_name": "Cornell University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I205783295"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "text"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4416780393", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2511.21638", "title": "Iterative GRPO: Batch-Online Multi-Turn RL via Single-Turn RLHF", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-11-26", "type": "preprint", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5120707618", "display_name": "Daniel R. Jiang", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jiang, Daniel R.", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5130392793", "display_name": "Ankur Samanta", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6392-1574", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6392-1574"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Samanta, Ankur", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5038786493", "display_name": "Yukai Yang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0494-8045", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0494-8045"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Yang, Yukai", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5038161679", "display_name": "Jalaj Bhandari", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7115-8986", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7115-8986"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Bhandari, Jalaj", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5134822107", "display_name": "R\u00e9mi Munos", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Munos, R\u00e9mi", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Lu, Tyler", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Lu, Tyler", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Practical": [0], "LLM": [1], "agents": [2], "often": [3], "operate": [4], "over": [5], "multi-turn": [6, 19, 155, 219, 246], "conversations": [7], "where": [8, 92], "success": [9], "is": [10, 53, 77, 88, 96, 132, 148], "determined": [11], "only": [12, 222], "after": [13, 44], "the": [14, 31, 63, 93, 123, 145, 154, 191, 203, 209, 234, 239], "full": [15], "interaction": [16, 103], "ends.": [17], "Most": [18], "RL": [20, 220], "methods": [21, 225], "train": [22], "via": [23, 174], "on-policy": [24], "rollouts,": [25], "but": [26, 56], "unlike": [27], "in": [28], "single-turn": [29, 137, 182, 223], "RLHF,": [30], "policy": [32, 95, 126, 150, 189], "cannot": [33], "produce": [34], "a": [35, 54, 100, 140, 149], "trajectory": [36], "alone,": [37], "since": [38], "an": [39, 119, 227], "external": [40], "environment": [41, 52, 229], "must": [42], "respond": [43], "each": [45], "agent": [46], "turn.": [47], "For": [48], "conversational": [49], "agents,": [50], "this": [51, 115, 213], "user,": [55], "real": [57], "users": [58, 68], "are": [59, 69], "generally": [60], "unavailable": [61], "inside": [62, 233], "training": [64, 235], "loop": [65], "and": [66, 110, 180], "simulated": [67], "difficult": [70], "to": [71, 98, 216], "build": [72], "faithfully.": [73], "Separately,": [74], "real-world": [75], "deployment": [76], "rarely": [78], "fully": [79, 82], "online": [80], "or": [81, 230], "offline.": [83], "The": [84], "common": [85], "production": [86], "pattern": [87], "called": [89], "\"batch": [90], "online,\"": [91], "current": [94], "deployed": [97], "collect": [99], "batch": [101, 109], "of": [102, 208, 241], "data,": [104], "then": [105], "retrained": [106], "on": [107, 158, 244], "that": [108, 114, 133], "redeployed.": [111], "We": [112, 237], "show": [113], "batch-online": [116], "setting": [117], "creates": [118], "opportunity": [120], "for": [121, 153, 205], "applying": [122], "classical": [124], "approximate": [125], "iteration": [127], "algorithm.": [128], "Our": [129], "central": [130], "observation": [131], "running": [134, 181], "standard": [135, 175], "token-level,": [136], "GRPO": [138, 183, 243], "with": [139], "learned": [141, 192], "turn-level": [142], "$Q$-function": [143], "as": [144], "reward": [146, 176], "model": [147], "improvement": [151], "step": [152], "problem.": [156], "Building": [157], "this,": [159], "we": [160], "present": [161], "Iterative": [162, 242], "GRPO,": [163], "which": [164], "alternates": [165], "between": [166], "fitting": [167], "$Q^\u03c0$": [168, 185, 193], "from": [169], "logged": [170], "Monte": [171], "Carlo": [172], "returns": [173], "modeling": [177], "(policy": [178, 186], "evaluation)": [179], "against": [184], "improvement).": [187], "During": [188], "improvement,": [190], "scores": [194], "candidate": [195], "responses": [196], "by": [197], "their": [198], "expected": [199], "downstream": [200], "return,": [201], "avoiding": [202], "need": [204], "simulator": [206, 232], "rollouts": [207], "remaining": [210], "conversation.": [211], "Overall,": [212], "allows": [214], "us": [215], "do": [217], "principled": [218], "using": [221], "RLHF": [224], "without": [226], "interactive": [228], "user": [231], "loop.": [236], "demonstrate": [238], "effectiveness": [240], "six": [245], "negotiation": [247], "environments.": [248]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10462", "display_name": "Reinforcement Learning in Robotics", "score": 0.9585000276565552, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10462", "display_name": "Reinforcement Learning in Robotics", "score": 0.9585000276565552, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.017000000923871994, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10181", "display_name": "Natural Language Processing Techniques", "score": 0.002199999988079071, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2511.21638", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.21638", "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.21638", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400194", "display_name": "arXiv (Cornell University)", "issn_l": "2331-8422", "issn": ["2331-8422"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I205783295", "host_organization_name": "Cornell University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I205783295"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "text"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4413958035", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.2196/71538", "title": "Chatbots\u2019 Empathetic Conversations and Responses: A Qualitative Study of Help\u2011Seeking Queries on Depressive Moods Across 8 Commercial Conversational Agents", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-09-03", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5011245772", "display_name": "Hyojin Chin", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4773-9518", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4773-9518"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I189442560", "display_name": "Gyeongsang National University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00saywf64", "country_code": "KR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I189442560"]}], "countries": ["KR"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Hyojin Chin", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4773-9518", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I189442560"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5038278271", "display_name": "Gumhee Baek", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1999-0158", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1999-0158"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I138925566", "display_name": "Ewha Womans University", "ror": "https://ror.org/053fp5c05", "country_code": "KR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I138925566"]}], "countries": ["KR"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Gumhee Baek", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["College of Nursing, System Health Science and Engineering Program, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1999-0158", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "College of Nursing, System Health Science and Engineering Program, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I138925566"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5089207342", "display_name": "Chiyoung Cha", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0115-1348", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0115-1348"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I138925566", "display_name": "Ewha Womans University", "ror": "https://ror.org/053fp5c05", "country_code": "KR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I138925566"]}], "countries": ["KR"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Chiyoung Cha", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["College of Nursing, Ewha Research Institute of Nursing Science, System Health and Engineering Major in Graduate School, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0115-1348", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "College of Nursing, Ewha Research Institute of Nursing Science, System Health and Engineering Major in Graduate School, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I138925566"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5061810530", "display_name": "Meeyoung Cha", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4085-9648", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4085-9648"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I157485424", "display_name": "Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/05apxxy63", "country_code": "KR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210096592", "display_name": "Max Planck Institute for Security and Privacy", "ror": "https://ror.org/00bj0r217", "country_code": "DE", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I149899117", "https://openalex.org/I4210096592"]}], "countries": ["DE", "KR"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Meeyoung Cha", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Max Planck Institute for Security and Privacy, Universit\u00e4tsstra\u00dfe 140, Bochum, 44799, Germany, 49 55-772-1387, 49 55-772-3329", "School of Computing, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4085-9648", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Max Planck Institute for Security and Privacy, Universit\u00e4tsstra\u00dfe 140, Bochum, 44799, Germany, 49 55-772-1387, 49 55-772-3329", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210096592"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Computing, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Background:": [0], "While": [1, 361], "recent": [2], "studies": [3], "showed": [4], "the": [5, 16, 55, 98, 160, 355], "potential": [6], "of": [7, 18, 57, 141, 162, 276], "conversational": [8], "agents": [9], "(CAs)": [10], "to": [11, 39, 61, 182, 200, 203, 211, 229, 280, 300, 321, 334, 380], "help": [12, 46], "alleviate": [13], "depressive": [14, 65, 95, 186, 312], "moods,": [15, 66], "dynamics": [17], "user-chatbot": [19], "interactions": [20], "in": [21, 42, 271, 354, 399], "mental": [22], "health": [23, 315], "support": [24, 357, 388], "remain": [25], "underexplored.": [26], "Objective:": [27], "We": [28, 53, 327], "examine": [29], "real-world": [30], "conversations": [31], "between": [32, 106], "users": [33, 44, 202, 322, 386], "and": [34, 47, 91, 108, 127, 155, 170, 173, 180, 207, 221, 250, 294, 343], "chatbots": [35, 49, 60, 175, 316, 364, 375], "on": [36, 123], "depression-related": [37, 301], "topics": [38], "identify": [40], "patterns": [41, 262], "how": [43, 48, 194], "seek": [45, 387], "provide": [50], "therapeutic": [51, 71, 133, 238, 400], "support.": [52], "analyzed": [54, 85], "responses": [56, 130, 145, 161, 235, 342, 367], "8": [58, 132], "commercial": [59, 99, 264, 374], "user": [62, 89, 117, 183, 212, 371], "queries": [63, 90, 118, 184, 302], "about": [64, 94, 185], "examining": [67], "whether": [68], "they": [69, 150], "incorporated": [70], "communication": [72, 134], "techniques,": [73], "such": [74, 317, 402], "as": [75, 139, 147, 318, 403], "empathy.": [76], "Methods:": [77], "Our": [78, 348], "method": [79], "has": [80], "2": [81], "parts.": [82], "First,": [83], "we": [84, 115, 158, 192, 258, 391], "13,700": [86], "utterances": [87], "(6850": [88], "6850": [92], "responses)": [93], "moods": [96], "from": [97, 389], "chatbot": [100, 129, 198], "SimSimi,": [101, 195], "covering": [102], "5": [103, 120, 174], "English-speaking": [104], "countries": [105], "2016": [107], "2021.": [109], "Using": [110], "a": [111, 196, 222, 351], "human-annotated": [112], "coding": [113], "approach,": [114], "classified": [116, 128], "into": [119, 131], "groups": [121], "based": [122], "Rickwood's": [124], "help-seeking": [125, 337, 382], "model": [126], "styles.": [135], "Empathy": [136], "was": [137], "assessed": [138], "one": [140], "these": [142], "styles,": [143], "with": [144, 231, 303, 323, 396], "coded": [146], "empathetic": [148, 366, 404], "when": [149], "demonstrated": [151], "emotional": [152, 345, 356], "understanding,": [153], "validation,": [154], "reflection.": [156], "Next,": [157], "evaluated": [159], "3": [163], "voice": [164], "assistants": [165], "(Amazon's": [166], "Alexa,": [167], "Google": [168, 287], "Assistant,": [169], "Apple's": [171], "Siri)": [172], "(ChatGPT,": [176], "Replika,": [177], "Woebot,": [178], "Wysa,": [179], "SimSimi)": [181], "moods.": [187], "Results:": [188], "In": [189, 255, 282], "study": [190, 256], "1,": [191], "examined": [193], "social": [197, 363], "trained": [199], "encourage": [201], "share": [204], "their": [205], "emotions": [206], "build": [208], "rapport,": [209], "responded": [210, 299, 320], "queries.": [213], "The": [214, 233], "majority": [215], "(3067/4073,": [216], "75.3%)": [217], "indicated": [218], "depressed": [219], "feelings,": [220], "smaller": [223], "portion": [224], "(168/4073,": [225], "4.1%)": [226], "sought": [227], "strategies": [228], "cope": [230], "depression.": [232], "chatbot's": [234], "were": [236], "largely": [237], "(": [239], "2417/3108,": [240], "77.7%),": [241], "demonstrating": [242], "empathy": [243, 270], "(902/3108,": [244], "29%),": [245], "active": [246], "listening": [247], "(836/3108,": [248], "26.9%),": [249], "open-ended": [251], "questions": [252, 325], "(679/3108,": [253], "21.8%).": [254], "2,": [257], "qualitatively": [259], "compared": [260], "response": [261], "across": [263], "CAs,": [265], "revealing": [266], "that": [267, 368, 385], "Replika": [268], "expressed": [269], "more": [272], "than": [273, 307], "75%": [274], "(28/36)": [275], "its": [277], "responses,": [278], "similar": [279], "SimSimi.": [281], "contrast,": [283], "Alexa": [284], "(15/17,": [285], "88.2%),": [286], "Assistant": [288], "(18/30,": [289], "60%),": [290], "Siri": [291], "(20/36,": [292], "55.6%),": [293], "ChatGPT": [295], "(40/42,": [296], "95.2%)": [297], "typically": [298], "search": [304], "results": [305], "rather": [306], "offering": [308], "specific": [309], "solutions": [310], "for": [311], "feelings.": [313], "Mental": [314], "Woebot": [319], "clarification": [324], "(97.3%).": [326], "also": [328], "report": [329], "instances": [330], "where": [331], "CAs": [332, 395], "failed": [333], "meet": [335], "users'": [336, 381], "needs,": [338], "instead": [339], "giving": [340], "irrelevant": [341], "ignoring": [344], "requests.": [346], "Conclusions:": [347], "findings": [349], "reveal": [350], "mixed": [352], "landscape": [353], "provided": [358], "by": [359], "CAs.": [360], "some": [362], "delivered": [365], "fostered": [369], "deeper": [370], "engagement,": [372], "most": [373], "offered": [376], "merely": [377], "informative": [378], "replies": [379], "inputs.": [383], "Recognizing": [384], "chatbots,": [390], "recommend": [392], "equipping": [393], "next-generation": [394], "capabilities": [397], "grounded": [398], "communication,": [401], "responses.": [405]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11519", "display_name": "Digital Mental Health Interventions", "score": 0.9779999852180481, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3202", "display_name": "Applied Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11519", "display_name": "Digital Mental Health Interventions", "score": 0.9779999852180481, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3202", "display_name": "Applied Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10709", "display_name": "Social Robot Interaction and HRI", "score": 0.01730000041425228, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3207", "display_name": "Social Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10667", "display_name": "Emotion and Mood Recognition", "score": 0.0010999999940395355, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3205", "display_name": "Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.2196/71538", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.2196/71538", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210234749", "display_name": "JMIR Formative Research", "issn_l": "2561-326X", "issn": ["2561-326X"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "doaj", "doyens", "medline", "norway-1"], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "JMIR Formative Research", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 5, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4414427701", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2507.16835", "title": "Evaluating Speech-to-Text x LLM x Text-to-Speech Combinations for AI Interview Systems", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-07-15", "type": "preprint", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5119479266", "display_name": "Rumi Allbert", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Allbert, Rumi", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Yazdani, Nima", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Yazdani, Nima", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Ansari, Ali", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ansari, Ali", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Mahajan, Aruj", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Mahajan, Aruj", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5093234894", "display_name": "Amirhossein Afsharrad", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Afsharrad, Amirhossein", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5088844698", "display_name": "Seyed Shahabeddin Mousavi", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5899-8614", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5899-8614"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Mousavi, Seyed Shahabeddin", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Voice-based": [0], "conversational": [1, 52], "AI": [2, 107], "systems": [3, 108], "increasingly": [4], "rely": [5], "on": [6, 110], "cascaded": [7], "architectures": [8], "that": [9, 67, 91, 102], "combine": [10], "speech-to-text": [11], "(STT),": [12], "large": [13], "language": [14], "models": [15], "(LLMs),": [16], "and": [17, 56, 74, 84, 126], "text-to-speech": [18], "(TTS)": [19], "components.": [20], "We": [21, 43], "present": [22], "a": [23, 68, 128], "large-scale": [24], "empirical": [25], "comparison": [26], "of": [27, 62], "STT": [28], "x": [29, 31], "LLM": [30], "TTS": [32, 76], "stacks": [33], "using": [34], "data": [35], "sampled": [36], "from": [37], "over": [38], "300,000": [39], "AI-conducted": [40], "job": [41], "interviews.": [42], "used": [44], "an": [45], "LLM-as-a-Judge": [46], "automated": [47], "evaluation": [48, 130], "framework": [49], "to": [50], "assess": [51], "quality,": [53], "technical": [54, 113], "accuracy,": [55], "skill": [57], "assessment": [58], "capabilities.": [59], "Our": [60, 115], "analysis": [61], "five": [63], "production": [64], "configurations": [65], "reveals": [66], "stack": [69], "combining": [70], "Google's": [71], "STT,": [72], "GPT-4.1,": [73], "Cartesia's": [75], "outperforms": [77], "alternatives": [78], "in": [79, 105, 123], "both": [80], "objective": [81, 92], "quality": [82, 93], "metrics": [83, 94], "user": [85, 98, 103], "satisfaction": [86, 99], "scores.": [87], "Surprisingly,": [88], "we": [89], "find": [90], "correlate": [95], "weakly": [96], "with": [97], "scores,": [100], "suggesting": [101], "experience": [104], "voice-based": [106], "depends": [109], "factors": [111], "beyond": [112], "performance.": [114], "findings": [116], "provide": [117], "practical": [118], "guidance": [119], "for": [120, 132], "selecting": [121], "components": [122], "multimodal": [124], "conversations": [125], "contribute": [127], "validated": [129], "methodology": [131], "human-AI": [133], "interactions.": [134]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10201", "display_name": "Speech Recognition and Synthesis", "score": 0.6577000021934509, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10201", "display_name": "Speech Recognition and Synthesis", "score": 0.6577000021934509, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.32690000534057617, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13812", "display_name": "AI and HR Technologies", "score": 0.00419999985024333, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1407", "display_name": "Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/14", "display_name": "Business, Management and Accounting"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2507.16835", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://arxiv.org/abs/2507.16835", "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.16835", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400194", "display_name": "arXiv (Cornell University)", "issn_l": "2331-8422", "issn": ["2331-8422"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I205783295", "host_organization_name": "Cornell University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I205783295"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "text"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4415440992", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.53829/ntr202510fa8", "title": "Techniques for \u201cReading the Room\u201d in Attentive Conversational AI--Understanding Dialogue Context through Multimodal Information and Incremental Response Generation", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-10-01", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5023512401", "display_name": "Yuya Chiba", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1987-4368", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1987-4368"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I2251713219", "display_name": "NTT (Japan)", "ror": "https://ror.org/00berct97", "country_code": "JP", "type": "company", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405275474", "display_name": "NTT Communications Corporation (Japan)", "ror": "https://ror.org/03p0gwt85", "country_code": "JP", "type": "company", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4405275474"]}], "countries": ["JP"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Yuya Chiba", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["NTT Communication Science Laboratories"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "NTT Communication Science Laboratories", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I2251713219", "https://openalex.org/I4405275474"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": null, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9994999766349792, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9994999766349792, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11714", "display_name": "Multimodal Machine Learning Applications", "score": 0.00019999999494757503, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1707", "display_name": "Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10383", "display_name": "Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies", "score": 9.999999747378752e-05, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1203", "display_name": "Language and Linguistics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/12", "display_name": "Arts and Humanities"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.53829/ntr202510fa8", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.53829/ntr202510fa8", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306521130", "display_name": "NTT technical review", "issn_l": "1348-3447", "issn": ["1348-3447", "2436-5327"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core"], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "NTT Technical Review", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 2, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W7108337856", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17760613", "title": "ObesityHealthCare (OHC) A Novel Mobile Health (mHealth) Application with Voice-Assisted AI for Personalized Obesity Management", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-11-28", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Shivam, Shivam", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Shivam, Shivam", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Dronacharya Group of Institutions (DGI), Greater Noida"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Dronacharya Group of Institutions (DGI), Greater Noida", "institution_ids": []}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Obesity": [0], "has": [1], "emerged": [2], "as": [3], "one": [4], "of": [5, 12, 19, 123], "the": [6, 13, 17, 84, 121], "most": [7], "critical": [8], "global": [9, 136], "health": [10, 41, 69], "challenges": [11], "21st": [14], "century.": [15], "Despite": [16], "availability": [18], "numerous": [20], "obesity-related": [21], "mobile": [22, 40], "applications,": [23], "many": [24], "fail": [25], "to": [26, 59], "offer": [27], "personalized": [28, 112], "guidance,": [29], "accessibility": [30, 87], "features,": [31], "or": [32, 95], "real-time": [33], "interaction.": [34], "This": [35, 118], "paper": [36], "proposes": [37], "a": [38, 45, 102], "novel": [39], "(mHealth)": [42], "application": [43, 85], "integrating": [44], "standard": [46], "BMI": [47], "calculator": [48], "with": [49, 90], "an": [50], "intelligent,": [51], "voice-assisted": [52], "AI": [53, 125], "module.": [54], "The": [55, 98], "system": [56], "enables": [57], "users": [58, 89], "ask": [60], "natural": [61], "language": [62], "queries": [63], "and": [64, 105, 130], "receive": [65], "accurate,": [66], "WHO-based,": [67], "context-aware": [68], "recommendations": [70], "through": [71], "speech": [72], "output.": [73], "Built": [74], "using": [75], "modern": [76], "Android": [77], "technologies": [78], "(Kotlin,": [79], "Jetpack": [80], "Compose,": [81], "STT,": [82], "TTS),": [83], "enhances": [86], "for": [88, 134], "limited": [91], "literacy,": [92], "visual": [93], "impairments,": [94], "motor": [96], "restrictions.": [97], "presented": [99], "prototype": [100], "reflects": [101], "scalable,": [103], "low-cost,": [104], "interactive": [106], "solution": [107], "that": [108], "can": [109], "significantly": [110], "support": [111], "obesity": [113], "management": [114], "across": [115], "diverse": [116], "populations.": [117], "work": [119], "highlights": [120], "importance": [122], "conversational": [124], "in": [126], "next-generation": [127], "healthcare": [128], "tools": [129], "demonstrates": [131], "its": [132], "potential": [133], "impactful": [135], "deployment.": [137]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11446", "display_name": "Mobile Health and mHealth Applications", "score": 0.9907000064849854, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3600", "display_name": "General Health Professions"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/36", "display_name": "Health Professions"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11446", "display_name": "Mobile Health and mHealth Applications", "score": 0.9907000064849854, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3600", "display_name": "General Health Professions"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/36", "display_name": "Health Professions"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13243", "display_name": "Innovation in Digital Healthcare Systems", "score": 0.008799999952316284, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3605", "display_name": "Health Information Management"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/36", "display_name": "Health Professions"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11519", "display_name": "Digital Mental Health Interventions", "score": 9.999999747378752e-05, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3202", "display_name": "Applied Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.5281/zenodo.17760613", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17760613", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400562", "display_name": "Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I67311998", "host_organization_name": "European Organization for Nuclear Research", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I67311998"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": null, "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "JournalArticle"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4411203622", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1109/taslpro.2025.3578773", "title": "PPRSA: A Plug-and-Play Language Model With Rational Speech Act Inference for Generating Empathetic and Engaging Dialogue Responses", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-01-01", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5064399588", "display_name": "Jeremy Chang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2656-3704", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2656-3704"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I91807558", "display_name": "National Cheng Kung University", "ror": "https://ror.org/01b8kcc49", "country_code": "TW", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}], "countries": ["TW"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jeremy Chang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2656-3704", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5103251327", "display_name": "Chung\u2010Hsien Wu", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3947-2123", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3947-2123"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I91807558", "display_name": "National Cheng Kung University", "ror": "https://ror.org/01b8kcc49", "country_code": "TW", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}], "countries": ["TW"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Chung-Hsien Wu", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3947-2123", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Developing": [0], "an": [1, 35, 193, 200], "empathetic": [2, 70, 90, 161, 194], "dialogue": [3], "system": [4, 13, 37, 158, 177, 211], "has": [5], "been": [6], "a": [7, 49, 57, 62, 179, 183, 188], "challenge": [8], "for": [9], "years.": [10], "Although": [11], "most": [12], "responses": [14, 165], "are": [15], "grammatically": [16], "correct": [17], "and": [18, 61, 71, 92, 99, 112, 133, 163, 174, 199, 221], "convey": [19], "emotions": [20], "to": [21, 68, 79, 110, 138], "some": [22], "extent,": [23], "their": [24], "quality": [25], "still": [26], "falls": [27], "short": [28], "of": [29, 94, 153, 181, 186, 191, 197, 203, 207, 218], "human": [30, 208], "standards.": [31], "In": [32, 151, 205], "this": [33], "study,": [34], "integrated": [36], "called": [38], "the": [39, 81, 89, 102, 118, 122, 127, 139, 148, 156, 210], "Plug-and-Play": [40, 58, 140], "Rational": [41], "Speech": [42], "Act": [43], "(PPRSA)": [44], "was": [45, 77, 108, 145], "developed": [46], "by": [47, 116, 131], "integrating": [48], "Transformer-based": [50], "language": [51, 141], "model": [52, 142], "with": [53], "two": [54, 84], "frameworks,": [55], "namely": [56], "(PP)": [59], "framework": [60, 76, 107], "rational": [63], "speech": [64], "act": [65], "(RSA)": [66], "framework,": [67], "generate": [69], "engaging": [72, 164], "responses.": [73, 104], "The": [74, 105, 176], "PP": [75], "used": [78, 109, 146], "control": [80], "generation": [82, 115, 129], "through": [83], "attribute": [85, 123], "models,": [86], "which": [87], "ensure": [88], "intent": [91, 162, 195], "engagement": [93, 201], "responses,": [95], "thereby": [96, 170], "increasing": [97], "empathy": [98], "relevance": [100], "in": [101, 216], "generated": [103], "RSA": [106], "accelerate": [111], "improve": [113], "response": [114, 128], "reasoning": [117], "perturbation": [119], "variation": [120], "from": [121], "models.": [124], "It": [125], "reduced": [126], "time": [130], "73.65%": [132], "exhibited": [134], "enhanced": [135], "performance": [136], "compared": [137], "(PPLM).": [143], "EmpatheticDialogues": [144], "as": [147], "evaluation": [149], "dataset.": [150], "terms": [152, 206, 217], "objective": [154], "evaluation,": [155, 209], "PPRSA-based": [157], "accurately": [159], "provided": [160], "based": [166], "on": [167], "users'": [168], "emotions,": [169], "providing": [171], "more": [172], "comfort": [173], "support.": [175], "achieved": [178], "BERTScore": [180], "0.869,": [182], "Distinct-1": [184], "score": [185, 190], "5.19,": [187], "Distinct-2": [189], "31.88,": [192], "accuracy": [196, 202], "41.84%,": [198], "72.24%.": [204], "outperformed": [212], "other": [213], "baseline": [214], "systems": [215], "empathy,": [219], "relevance,": [220], "fluency.": [222]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9990000128746033, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9990000128746033, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10667", "display_name": "Emotion and Mood Recognition", "score": 0.00019999999494757503, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3205", "display_name": "Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 9.999999747378752e-05, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1109/taslpro.2025.3578773", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1109/taslpro.2025.3578773", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S5407042752", "display_name": "IEEE Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing", "issn_l": "2998-4173", "issn": ["2998-4173"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": ["jufo-3"], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech and Language Processing", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 4, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4411705011", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.2196/preprints.79671", "title": "Evaluation of an Artificial Intelligence Conversational Chatbot to Enhance HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Uptake: Development and Usability Study (Preprint)", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-06-25", "type": "preprint", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5016407221", "display_name": "Jun Tao", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1940-8634", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1940-8634", "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3936-7518"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jun Tao", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1940-8634", "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5053850863", "display_name": "Ellie Pavlick", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7155-5420", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7155-5420"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ellie Pavlick", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5118656311", "display_name": "Amaris Grondin", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Amaris Grondin", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5118656312", "display_name": "Josue D. Bustamente", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Josue D. Bustamente", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5111242216", "display_name": "Harrison Martin", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5222-0908", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5222-0908"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Harrison Martin", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5222-0908", "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5104151346", "display_name": "Hannah Parent", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4054-5676", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4054-5676"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Hannah Parent", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5091464744", "display_name": "Natalie Q. Fenn", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7926-1953", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7926-1953"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Natalie Fenn", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5031426841", "display_name": "Alexi A Almonte", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Alexi Almonte", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5094074181", "display_name": "Amanda Maguire-Wilkerson", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7653-3069", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7653-3069"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Amanda Maguire-Wilkerson", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5022607980", "display_name": "Mofan Gu", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9050-7531", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9050-7531"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Mofan Gu", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5039613618", "display_name": "Jack C. Rusley", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1626-2289", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1626-2289"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jack Rusley", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5118656309", "display_name": "Bryce Perler", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Bryce Perler", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5038633990", "display_name": "Tyler Blake Wray", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4545-9141", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4545-9141"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Tyler Wray", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4545-9141", "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5074370380", "display_name": "Amy Stewart Nunn", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8115-0390", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8115-0390"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Amy S. Nunn", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5034923962", "display_name": "Philip A. Chan", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0964-5895", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0964-5895"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Philip A. Chan", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0964-5895", "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"BACKGROUND": [0], "The": [1, 55, 113], "HIV": [2, 25, 31, 85, 110, 116, 135, 188, 390], "epidemic": [3], "in": [4, 29, 138, 177, 204, 287, 384], "the": [5, 22, 93, 157, 167, 172, 226, 251, 270, 283, 288, 327, 369], "United": [6], "States": [7], "disproportionately": [8], "impacts": [9], "gay,": [10], "bisexual,": [11], "and": [12, 84, 99, 109, 118, 136, 140, 152, 171, 181, 206, 221, 233, 242, 263, 309, 335, 337, 348, 386, 392], "other": [13], "men": [14, 19], "who": [15], "have": [16], "sex": [17], "with": [18, 65, 129, 223, 326], "(MSM).": [20], "Despite": [21], "effectiveness": [23], "of": [24, 57, 95, 156, 187, 211, 225, 256, 371], "pre-exposure": [26], "prophylaxis": [27], "(PrEP)": [28], "preventing": [30], "acquisition,": [32], "uptake": [33, 47], "among": [34, 48], "MSM": [35, 49], "remains": [36], "suboptimal.": [37], "Motivational": [38], "interviewing": [39], "(MI)": [40], "has": [41], "demonstrated": [42, 276], "efficacy": [43], "at": [44], "increasing": [45], "PrEP": [46, 83, 108, 137, 168, 393], "but": [50], "is": [51], "resource-intensive,": [52], "limiting": [53], "scalability.": [54], "use": [56], "artificial": [58], "intelligence": [59], "(AI),": [60], "particularly": [61], "large": [62, 149], "language": [63], "models": [64], "conversational": [66], "agents": [67], "(i.e.,": [68], "\u201cchatbots\u201d)": [69], "such": [70], "as": [71, 376], "ChatGPT,": [72], "may": [73], "offer": [74], "a": [75, 124, 130, 148, 209, 377], "scalable": [76, 378], "approach": [77], "to": [78, 91, 103, 163, 215, 249, 388], "delivering": [79, 381], "MI-based": [80, 179, 363], "counseling": [81, 180, 383], "for": [82, 115, 321, 341, 380], "prevention.": [86, 111], "OBJECTIVE": [87], "This": [88], "study": [89], "aimed": [90], "describe": [92], "development": [94], "an": [96], "AI-based": [97, 372], "chatbot": [98], "evaluate": [100], "its": [101], "ability": [102], "provide": [104], "MI-aligned": [105, 382], "education": [106], "about": [107], "METHODS": [112], "Chatbot": [114], "Prevention": [117], "Action": [119], "(CHIA)": [120], "was": [121, 143], "built": [122], "on": [123, 134, 147], "GPT-4o": [125], "base": [126], "model": [127], "embedded": [128], "validated": [131], "knowledge": [132], "database": [133], "English": [139, 205, 261, 358, 385], "Spanish.": [141], "CHIA": [142, 162, 275, 315, 375], "fine-tuned": [144], "through": [145], "training": [146], "MI": [150, 227, 328], "dataset": [151], "prompt": [153], "engineering.": [154], "Use": [155], "AutoGen": [158], "multi-agent": [159], "framework": [160], "enabled": [161], "integrate": [164], "two": [165], "agents,": [166], "Counselor": [169], "Agent": [170], "Assistant": [173], "Agent,": [174], "which": [175], "specialized": [176], "providing": [178], "handling": [182], "function": [183], "calls": [184], "(e.g.,": [185, 229, 236], "assessment": [186], "risk),": [189], "respectively.": [190], "During": [191], "internal": [192, 271], "testing": [193, 272], "from": [194], "March": [195], "10-April": [196], "28,": [197], "2025,": [198], "we": [199], "systematically": [200], "evaluated": [201], "CHIA\u2019s": [202], "performance": [203, 278], "Spanish": [207, 265, 350, 387], "using": [208], "set": [210], "five-point": [212], "Likert": [213], "scales": [214], "measure": [216], "accuracy,": [217], "conciseness,": [218], "up-to-dateness,": [219], "trustworthiness,": [220], "alignment": [222, 325], "aspects": [224], "spirit": [228, 329], "collaboration,": [230], "autonomy": [231, 333], "support)": [232], "MI-consistent": [234, 342], "behaviors": [235, 343], "affirmation,": [237, 345], "open-ended": [238, 346], "questions).": [239], "Descriptive": [240], "statistics": [241], "independent": [243], "samples": [244], "t": [245], "tests": [246], "were": [247, 267], "used": [248], "analyze": [250], "data.": [252], "RESULTS": [253], "A": [254], "total": [255], "305": [257], "responses,": [258, 266], "including": [259, 293, 374], "140": [260], "responses": [262, 351, 359], "165": [264], "collected": [268], "during": [269], "period.": [273], "Overall,": [274], "strong": [277], "across": [279, 360], "both": [280], "languages,": [281], "receiving": [282], "highest": [284], "combined": [285, 319, 339], "scores": [286, 320, 340, 356], "general": [289], "response": [290], "quality": [291], "metrics": [292, 322], "up-to-dateness": [294], "(mean": [295, 300, 305, 311], "4.6,": [296], "SD": [297, 302, 307, 313], "0.8),": [298], "trustworthiness": [299], "4.5,": [301], "0.9),": [303, 308], "accuracy": [304], "4.4,": [306], "conciseness": [310], "4.2,": [312], "1.1).": [314], "generally": [316], "received": [317], "higher": [318], "that": [323], "assessed": [324], "(i.e.": [330, 344], "empathy,": [331], "evocation,": [332], "support,": [334], "collaboration)": [336], "lower": [338, 354], "questions,": [347], "reflections).": [349], "had": [352], "significantly": [353], "mean": [355], "than": [357], "nearly": [361], "all": [362], "metrics.": [364], "CONCLUSIONS": [365], "These": [366], "findings": [367], "highlight": [368], "potential": [370], "chatbots": [373], "tool": [379], "promote": [389], "prevention": [391], "uptake.": [394]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10082", "display_name": "HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions", "score": 0.8330000042915344, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2725", "display_name": "Infectious Diseases"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10082", "display_name": "HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions", "score": 0.8330000042915344, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2725", "display_name": "Infectious Diseases"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11636", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education", "score": 0.05849999934434891, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2718", "display_name": "Health Informatics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11446", "display_name": "Mobile Health and mHealth Applications", "score": 0.04340000078082085, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3600", "display_name": "General Health Professions"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/36", "display_name": "Health Professions"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.2196/preprints.79671", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.2196/preprints.79671", "pdf_url": null, "source": null, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "acceptedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "posted-content"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4413914528", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.73946", "title": "Chatbot Integrated with Gen AI", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-08-31", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5119513462", "display_name": "Battu Nagasahithi", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I10874241", "display_name": "Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad", "ror": "https://ror.org/002tchr49", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I10874241"]}], "countries": ["IN"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Battu Nagasahithi", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Post Graduate Student , MCA , Department of Information Technology , Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University , Hyderabad , India"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Post Graduate Student , MCA , Department of Information Technology , Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University , Hyderabad , India", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I10874241"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Conversational": [0], "AI": [1], "systems": [2], "powered": [3], "by": [4, 17], "Large": [5], "Language": [6], "Models": [7], "(LLMs)": [8], "have": [9], "improved": [10], "natural": [11], "human\u2013computer": [12], "interaction": [13], "but": [14], "remain": [15], "limited": [16], "static": [18], "training": [19], "data": [20], "and": [21, 55, 64, 103, 112, 117, 129, 137], "frequent": [22], "inaccuracies.": [23], "To": [24], "address": [25], "these": [26], "challenges,": [27], "this": [28], "project": [29], "implements": [30], "a": [31, 45, 50, 56, 110], "Retrieval-Augmented": [32], "Generation": [33], "(RAG)": [34], "chatbot": [35, 95], "that": [36, 93], "grounds": [37], "responses": [38, 74], "in": [39], "user-uploaded": [40], "documents.": [41], "The": [42, 107], "system": [43], "uses": [44], "modular": [46], "full-stack": [47], "architecture": [48], "with": [49, 131], "React": [51], "frontend,": [52], "Node.js/Express": [53], "backend,": [54], "Python": [57], "microservice": [58], "for": [59, 89, 115, 134], "document": [60], "processing,": [61], "embedding": [62], "generation,": [63], "semantic": [65], "retrieval": [66], "through": [67], "FAISS.": [68], "A": [69], "commercial": [70], "LLM": [71], "(Cohere)": [72], "generates": [73], "only": [75], "after": [76], "relevant": [77], "context": [78], "is": [79], "retrieved,": [80], "ensuring": [81], "privacy": [82], "since": [83], "raw": [84], "documents": [85], "are": [86], "never": [87], "exposed": [88], "training.": [90], "Testing": [91], "confirmed": [92], "the": [94], "delivers": [96], "domain-specific,": [97], "reliable": [98], "answers": [99], "while": [100], "minimizing": [101], "hallucinations": [102], "safeguarding": [104], "sensitive": [105], "data.": [106], "prototype": [108], "establishes": [109], "scalable": [111], "secure": [113], "framework": [114], "enterprise": [116], "educational": [118], "use.": [119], "Future": [120], "work": [121], "includes": [122], "expanding": [123], "to": [124], "multimodal": [125], "data,": [126], "federated": [127], "learning,": [128], "integration": [130], "knowledge": [132], "graphs": [133], "greater": [135], "adaptability": [136], "transparency": [138]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10028", "display_name": "Topic Modeling", "score": 0.7681000232696533, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10028", "display_name": "Topic Modeling", "score": 0.7681000232696533, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.12489999830722809, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10286", "display_name": "Information Retrieval and Search Behavior", "score": 0.030899999663233757, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.22214/ijraset.2025.73946", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.73946", "pdf_url": "https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.73946", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764566388", "display_name": "International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology", "issn_l": "2321-9653", "issn": ["2321-9653"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4322614460", "host_organization_name": "International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (IJRASET)", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4322614460"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (IJRASET)"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4413947768", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2025.103616", "title": "Conversational agents and charitable behavioral intentions: The roles of modality, communication style, and perceived anthropomorphism", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-09-03", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5119525244", "display_name": "Junqi Shao", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6397-7090", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6397-7090"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I157725225", "display_name": "University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign", "ror": "https://ror.org/047426m28", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Junqi Shao", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Informatics Programs, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, United States"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6397-7090", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Informatics Programs, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, United States", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5027031870", "display_name": "Leona Yi-Fan Su", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8661-7196", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8661-7196"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I157725225", "display_name": "University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign", "ror": "https://ror.org/047426m28", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Leona Yi-Fan Su", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Informatics Programs, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, United States", "The Charles H. Sandage Department of Advertising, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, United States"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8661-7196", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Informatics Programs, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, United States", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "The Charles H. Sandage Department of Advertising, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, United States", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5102022710", "display_name": "Ziyang Gong", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6632-7511", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6632-7511"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I157725225", "display_name": "University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign", "ror": "https://ror.org/047426m28", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ziyang Gong", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Informatics Programs, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, United States"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6632-7511", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Informatics Programs, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, United States", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Minrui Chen", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I157725225", "display_name": "University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign", "ror": "https://ror.org/047426m28", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Minrui Chen", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Informatics Programs, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, United States"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Informatics Programs, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, United States", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"\u2022": [0, 11, 22, 34], "Voice-based": [1, 12], "(vs.": [2, 36], "text-based)": [3], "CAs": [4, 13, 24, 69, 81], "do": [5], "not": [6], "boost": [7], "charitable": [8, 45, 96, 146, 172], "behavioral": [9, 147, 173], "intentions.": [10, 148, 174], "increase": [14, 25], "such": [15, 26, 104], "intentions": [16, 27, 93], "more": [17, 28, 40], "if": [18, 29], "they": [19], "speak": [20], "formally.": [21], "Text-based": [23], "their": [30, 88], "messages": [31], "are": [32, 52, 214], "informal.": [33], "Mindless": [35], "mindful)": [37], "anthropomorphism": [38, 136], "is": [39, 64], "likely": [41], "to": [42, 47, 90, 94, 171], "explain": [43], "users'": [44], "responses": [46, 188], "computers.": [48], "Conversational": [49], "agents": [50], "(CAs)": [51], "increasingly": [53], "utilized": [54], "by": [55, 106, 199], "organizations": [56], "for": [57], "fundraising": [58], "and": [59, 98, 166, 203], "volunteer": [60], "recruitment.": [61], "Yet,": [62], "little": [63], "understood": [65], "about": [66], "how": [67, 115, 182, 191], "voice-based": [68, 80, 128], "could": [70, 194], "serve": [71], "these": [72, 121], "purposes": [73], "optimally.": [74], "This": [75], "experimental": [76], "study": [77], "therefore": [78], "compares": [79], "against": [82], "text-based": [83, 157], "ones": [84], "in": [85], "terms": [86], "of": [87, 103, 109, 141, 163, 181, 207, 210], "ability": [89], "foster": [91], "users\u2019": [92], "make": [95], "contributions,": [97], "investigates": [99], "the": [100, 204], "potential": [101], "mediation": [102], "effects": [105], "two": [107, 208], "dimensions": [108, 209], "user-perceived": [110], "anthropomorphism.": [111, 211], "Additionally,": [112], "it": [113], "examines": [114], "a": [116, 127, 131, 138, 156], "CA\u2019s": [117], "communication": [118, 133, 154, 201], "style": [119], "moderates": [120], "effects.": [122], "It": [123], "found": [124], "that,": [125], "when": [126, 150], "CA": [129, 158, 183], "employed": [130], "formal": [132], "style,": [134, 155], "mindless": [135], "was": [137, 168], "significant": [139], "mediator": [140], "its": [142], "positive": [143], "association": [144], "with": [145], "Conversely,": [149], "employing": [151], "an": [152], "informal": [153], "elicited": [159], "significantly": [160], "higher": [161], "levels": [162], "mindful": [164], "anthropomorphism,": [165], "also": [167, 215], "positively": [169], "linked": [170], "These": [175], "findings": [176], "expand": [177], "our": [178], "theoretical": [179], "understanding": [180], "modalities": [184], "influence": [185], "people\u2019s": [186], "moral": [187], "toward": [189], "computers;": [190], "this": [192], "effect": [193], "be": [195], "impaired,": [196], "or": [197], "strengthened,": [198], "different": [200], "styles;": [202], "underlying": [205], "mechanisms": [206], "Practical": [212], "implications": [213], "discussed.": [216]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.5839999914169312, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.5839999914169312, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10709", "display_name": "Social Robot Interaction and HRI", "score": 0.40310001373291016, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3207", "display_name": "Social Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10803", "display_name": "Innovative Human-Technology Interaction", "score": 0.002300000051036477, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1709", "display_name": "Human-Computer Interaction"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2025.103616", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2025.103616", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210190811", "display_name": "International Journal of Human-Computer Studies", "issn_l": "1071-5819", "issn": ["1071-5819", "1095-9300"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["abdc-b", "cwts-core", "erih-plus", "jufo-3", "ki-jl-1", "norway-2"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "International Journal of Human-Computer Studies", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 5, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4416471119", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.37082/ijirmps.v13.i5.232783", "title": "AWS Bedrock for Conversational AI & GenAI", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-10-10", "type": "article", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5119312109", "display_name": "Satish Yerram", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Satish Yerram", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"The": [0], "rapid": [1], "rise": [2], "of": [3, 48, 60, 129], "generative": [4, 130], "AI": [5, 116], "has": [6, 25], "created": [7], "new": [8], "opportunities": [9], "for": [10, 89, 112], "building": [11, 113], "advanced": [12], "conversational": [13, 95, 115], "systems": [14], "that": [15, 33, 117], "feel": [16], "natural,": [17], "intelligent,": [18], "and": [19, 62, 76, 127, 140], "context-aware.": [20], "Amazon": [21, 27, 77, 105], "Web": [22], "Services": [23], "(AWS)": [24], "introduced": [26], "Bedrock,": [28], "a": [29, 58, 109], "fully": [30], "managed": [31], "service": [32], "gives": [34], "developers": [35], "access": [36], "to": [37, 44, 84, 136], "foundation": [38], "models": [39], "(FMs)": [40], "without": [41], "requiring": [42], "them": [43], "manage": [45], "the": [46, 86, 125], "complexities": [47], "infrastructure,": [49], "GPU": [50], "clusters,": [51], "or": [52, 99], "large-scale": [53], "training": [54], "pipelines.": [55], "Bedrock": [56, 107], "supports": [57], "range": [59], "third-party": [61], "AWS-native": [63], "models,": [64, 73], "including": [65], "Anthropic\u2019s": [66], "Claude,": [67], "Meta\u2019s": [68], "Llama,": [69], "Stability": [70], "AI\u2019s": [71], "image": [72], "Cohere\u2019s": [74], "embeddings,": [75], "Titan.": [78], "This": [79], "diverse": [80], "ecosystem": [81], "enables": [82], "enterprises": [83, 135], "choose": [85], "right": [87], "model": [88], "their": [90], "needs,": [91], "whether": [92], "it": [93], "be": [94], "chatbots,": [96], "semantic": [97], "search,": [98], "multimodal": [100], "AI.": [101, 131], "When": [102], "paired": [103], "with": [104, 124], "Lex,": [106], "becomes": [108], "powerful": [110], "platform": [111], "intelligent": [114], "combines": [118], "structured": [119], "natural": [120], "language": [121], "understanding": [122], "(NLU)": [123], "creativity": [126], "flexibility": [128], "Together,": [132], "they": [133], "allow": [134], "scale": [137], "secure,": [138], "cost-effective,": [139], "human-like": [141], "digital": [142], "assistants.": [143]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13904", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence Applications", "score": 0.6729000210762024, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T13904", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence Applications", "score": 0.6729000210762024, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.10859999805688858, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10028", "display_name": "Topic Modeling", "score": 0.09359999746084213, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.37082/ijirmps.v13.i5.232783", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.37082/ijirmps.v13.i5.232783", "pdf_url": "https://www.ijirmps.org/papers/2025/5/232783.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210226059", "display_name": "International Journal of Innovative Research in Engineering & Multidisciplinary Physical Sciences", "issn_l": "2349-7300", "issn": ["2349-7300"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by-sa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "International Journal of Innovative Research in Engineering &amp; Multidisciplinary Physical Sciences", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4411889048", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.3390/mti9070065", "title": "AI Chatbots in Philology: A User Experience Case Study of Conversational Interfaces for Content Creation and Instruction", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-06-27", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5005687881", "display_name": "\u039d\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a0\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c2", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-6275", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-6275"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I21370196", "display_name": "Aristotle University of Thessaloniki", "ror": "https://ror.org/02j61yw88", "country_code": "GR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}], "countries": ["GR"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Nikolaos Pellas", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Philosophy and Education, Department of Education, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-6275", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Philosophy and Education, Department of Education, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"A": [0], "persistent": [1], "challenge": [2], "in": [3, 11, 18, 66, 91, 145, 150, 161, 193], "training": [4], "future": [5], "philology": [6, 92], "educators": [7], "is": [8, 63], "engaging": [9], "students": [10, 104], "deep": [12], "textual": [13], "analysis": [14], "across": [15, 138], "historical": [16], "periods\u2014especially": [17], "large": [19], "classes": [20], "where": [21], "limited": [22], "resources,": [23], "feedback,": [24], "and": [25, 34, 46, 55, 119, 130, 155, 172, 178, 189, 199], "assessment": [26], "tools": [27], "hinder": [28], "the": [29, 79], "teaching": [30], "of": [31, 81, 110], "complex": [32], "linguistic": [33], "contextual": [35], "features.": [36], "These": [37], "constraints": [38], "often": [39], "lead": [40], "to": [41, 85], "superficial": [42], "learning,": [43, 188], "decreased": [44], "motivation,": [45, 170], "inequitable": [47], "outcomes,": [48], "particularly": [49, 195], "when": [50], "traditional": [51], "methods": [52], "lack": [53], "interactive": [54], "scalable": [56], "support.": [57], "As": [58], "digital": [59], "technologies": [60], "evolve,": [61], "there": [62], "increasing": [64], "interest": [65], "how": [67], "Artificial": [68], "Intelligence": [69], "(AI)": [70], "can": [71], "address": [72], "such": [73], "instructional": [74, 197], "gaps.": [75], "This": [76], "study": [77], "explores": [78], "potential": [80], "conversational": [82], "AI": [83, 112, 127, 152], "chatbots": [84, 113], "provide": [86], "scalable,": [87], "pedagogically": [88], "grounded": [89], "support": [90, 160], "education.": [93], "Using": [94], "a": [95], "mixed-methods": [96], "case": [97], "study,": [98], "twenty-six": [99], "(n": [100], "=": [101], "26)": [102], "undergraduate": [103], "completed": [105], "structured": [106], "tasks": [107], "using": [108, 151], "one": [109], "three": [111], "(ChatGPT,": [114], "Gemini,": [115], "or": [116], "DeepSeek).": [117], "Quantitative": [118], "qualitative": [120], "data": [121], "were": [122], "collected": [123], "via": [124], "usability": [125, 137], "scales,": [126], "literacy": [128], "surveys,": [129], "semi-structured": [131], "interviews.": [132], "The": [133, 166], "results": [134], "showed": [135], "strong": [136], "all": [139], "platforms,": [140], "with": [141], "DeepSeek": [142], "rated": [143], "highest": [144], "intuitiveness.": [146], "Students": [147], "reported": [148], "confidence": [149], "for": [153, 196], "efficiency": [154], "decision-making": [156], "but": [157], "desired": [158], "greater": [159], "evaluating": [162], "multiple": [163], "AI-generated": [164], "outputs.": [165], "AI-enhanced": [167], "environment": [168], "promoted": [169], "autonomy,": [171], "conceptual": [173], "understanding,": [174], "despite": [175], "some": [176], "onboarding": [177], "clarity": [179], "challenges.": [180], "Implications": [181], "include": [182], "reducing": [183], "instructor": [184], "workload,": [185], "enhancing": [186], "student-centered": [187], "informing": [190], "curriculum": [191], "development": [192], "philology,": [194], "designers": [198], "educational": [200], "technologists.": [201]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T14414", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Education", "score": 0.9829000234603882, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T14414", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Education", "score": 0.9829000234603882, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11902", "display_name": "Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning", "score": 0.004900000058114529, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11636", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education", "score": 0.004000000189989805, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2718", "display_name": "Health Informatics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.3390/mti9070065", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/mti9070065", "pdf_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2414-4088/9/7/65/pdf?version=1751423919", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210226272", "display_name": "Multimodal Technologies and Interaction", "issn_l": "2414-4088", "issn": ["2414-4088"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "doaj", "jufo-1", "norway-1"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310310987", "host_organization_name": "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Multimodal Technologies and Interaction", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 3, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4412697100", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.47363/jaicc/2025(4)450", "title": "Agentic AI for Natural Language Query Interface in Intelligent Customer Success Management- Conversational Analytics and Automated Reporting", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-07-28", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5042604011", "display_name": "Arjun Rajeev Warrier", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Arjun Warrier", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Independent Researcher"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Independent Researcher", "institution_ids": []}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Today's": [0], "CSM": [1, 411], "is": [2, 120, 477], "no": [3], "longer": [4], "about": [5], "relying": [6], "on": [7, 269], "that": [8, 13, 48, 80, 107, 417, 498], "manual": [9], "account": [10], "monitoring": [11], "or": [12, 205, 299, 450], "reactive": [14], "customer": [15, 30, 62, 90, 109, 144, 228, 270, 381, 493, 535], "engagement\u2014it": [16], "has": [17], "become": [18, 92], "a": [19, 130, 136, 176, 252, 434], "proactive,": [20], "data-powered": [21], "discipline,": [22], "all": [23, 442], "thanks": [24], "to": [25, 71, 78, 98, 104, 112, 152, 216, 330, 360, 365, 405, 444, 453], "data": [26, 162, 209, 226, 501, 509], "analytics.": [27], "However,": [28], "current": [29], "success": [31, 63, 145, 536], "applications": [32], "are": [33], "limited": [34], "by": [35, 60, 344, 354, 375, 384], "static": [36], "dashboards,": [37], "pre-written": [38], "queries": [39, 323, 350], "and": [40, 43, 56, 84, 95, 157, 189, 211, 233, 236, 249, 263, 275, 289, 316, 327, 356, 402, 430, 495, 514], "report": [41], "templates,": [42], "an": [44, 388, 400, 522], "inflexible": [45], "reporting": [46], "infrastructure": [47], "does": [49], "not": [50], "support": [51, 290, 371, 449], "the": [52, 96, 102, 118, 127, 173, 194, 197, 257, 294, 335, 339, 347, 358, 368, 454, 458, 464, 470, 473, 506, 519, 539], "ad": [53], "hoc,": [54], "dynamic,": [55], "multi-dimensional": [57], "analytics": [58], "required": [59], "today\u2019s": [61], "professionals.": [64], "Such": [65], "legacy": [66], "systems": [67, 106, 232, 531], "require": [68], "trained": [69], "personnel": [70], "derive": [72], "actionable": [73], "insights,": [74, 244, 494], "which": [75, 292], "can": [76], "lead": [77], "bottlenecks": [79], "delay": [81], "crucial": [82], "decisions": [83], "hinder": [85], "organizational": [86], "agility.": [87], "As": [88], "enterprise": [89, 311, 500], "portfolios": [91], "increasingly": [93], "complex,": [94], "pressure": [97], "decrease": [99], "churn": [100], "increases,": [101], "urgency": [103], "have": [105], "make": [108], "insights": [110], "accessible": [111], "all,": [113], "with": [114, 172, 302, 446], "real-time": [115, 295], "interventions": [116, 382], "becoming": [117], "norm,": [119], "ever": [121], "higher.In": [122], "this": [123, 516], "paper,": [124], "we": [125], "present": [126], "development": [128], "of": [129, 175, 297, 349, 391, 466, 472, 526, 541], "new": [131, 524], "Agentic": [132], "AI": [133, 408, 490], "framework": [134], "for": [135, 142, 199, 203, 492, 521, 534], "Natural": [137], "Language": [138], "Query": [139, 181], "(NLQ)": [140], "Interface": [141], "intelligent": [143], "management.": [146], "The": [147], "software": [148], "allows": [149, 202], "business": [150, 439, 529], "users": [151, 440], "conduct": [153], "\"big": [154], "data\"": [155], "analysis": [156, 279], "create": [158], "reports": [159, 362], "from": [160, 324, 363], "corporate": [161], "stores": [163], "using": [164], "natural": [165], "language,": [166], "Enter": [167], "Works": [168], "said.": [169], "In": [170, 367], "addition,": [171], "deployment": [174, 308], "simplified": [177, 459], "3-agent": [178], "architecture": [179, 195, 404], "(i.e.,": [180], "Processing": [182], "Agent": [183, 187, 192], "QPA,": [184], "Data": [185], "Integration": [186], "(DIA),": [188], "Response": [190], "Generation": [191], "RGA),": [193], "eliminates": [196], "need": [198], "humans-in-the-loop.": [200], "It": [201], "more": [204, 303, 319, 376], "less": [206], "translation-based,": [207], "application-independent": [208], "integration": [210], "response": [212, 342], "generation.": [213], "Agents": [214], "collaborate": [215], "handle": [217], "multi-turn": [218], "dialogues,": [219], "disambiguate": [220], "ambiguous": [221], "user": [222], "inputs,": [223], "access": [224], "pertinent": [225], "across": [227, 394], "relationship": [229], "management": [230, 537], "(CRM)": [231], "file-based": [234], "systems,": [235], "produce": [237], "executive-quality": [238], "analytic": [239], "outputs,": [240], "such": [241, 284], "as": [242, 285], "sentiment": [243, 431], "risk": [245, 276, 301], "scores,": [246], "ARR": [247], "trends,": [248], "proactive": [250, 380], "recommendations.Leveraging": [251], "domain-adapted": [253], "transformer-based": [254], "NLP": [255, 415], "pipeline,": [256], "system": [258, 337], "attains": [259], "94.7%": [260], "query": [261, 341], "accuracy": [262], "96.5%": [264], "precision": [265], "in": [266, 309, 313, 387, 433, 538], "entity": [267], "recognition": [268], "profile": [271], "queries,": [272], "revenue": [273], "forecasts,": [274], "assessments.": [277], "Sentiment": [278], "capabilities": [280], "include": [281], "multi-channel": [282], "communication": [283], "emails,": [286], "meeting": [287], "transcripts,": [288], "interactions,": [291], "enable": [293], "detection": [296], "dissatisfaction": [298], "renewal": [300], "than": [304, 320, 377], "94%": [305], "accuracy.": [306], "Experimental": [307], "real": [310], "environments": [312], "healthcare": [314], "SaaS": [315], "financial": [317, 426], "services\u2014handling": [318], "2,300": [321], "natural-language": [322], "423": [325], "customers": [326], "$21M": [328], "ARR\u2014leads": [329], "substantial": [331], "operational": [332], "benefits.": [333], "Notably,": [334], "NLQ": [336], "decreased": [338], "average": [340], "time": [343, 359], "99.7%,": [345], "increased": [346, 383], "number": [348], "answered": [351], "per": [352], "user-hour": [353], "484%,": [355], "reduced": [357, 374], "generate": [361], "hours": [364], "minutes.": [366], "same": [369], "breath,": [370], "dependency": [372], "was": [373], "90%,": [378], "while": [379], "45%,": [385], "resulting": [386], "annual": [389], "ROI": [390], "over": [392], "$1.56M": [393], "both": [395], "environments.This": [396], "paper": [397], "also": [398, 462], "provides": [399], "achievable": [401], "scalable": [403], "integrate": [406], "conversational": [407, 542], "into": [409], "enterprise-level": [410], "practices.": [412], "Unlike": [413], "other": [414], "platforms": [416], "exist": [418], "today,": [419], "our": [420], "domain-specific": [421], "approach": [422], "combines": [423], "CRM": [424], "metadata,": [425], "KPIs,": [427], "engagement": [428], "metrics,": [429], "signals": [432], "unified,": [435], "user-friendly": [436, 511], "interface,": [437], "enabling": [438], "at": [441], "levels": [443], "succeed": [445], "minimal": [447], "instructional": [448], "training.": [451], "Compared": [452], "uncomplicated": [455], "agentic": [456, 460, 528], "model,": [457], "model": [461], "enhances": [463], "practicality": [465], "implementation": [467], "without": [468], "compromising": [469], "integrity": [471], "analysis.": [474], "Future": [475], "work": [476, 517], "discussed": [478], "next,": [479], "including": [480], "cross-domain": [481], "adaptation,": [482], "multimodal": [483], "input": [484], "processing": [485], "(e.g.,": [486], "voice": [487], "queries),": [488], "explainable": [489], "functionalities": [491], "federated": [496], "learning": [497], "ensures": [499], "privacy": [502], "requirements.": [503], "By": [504], "addressing": [505], "chasm": [507], "between": [508], "complexity,": [510], "analytical": [512], "capabilities,": [513], "access,": [515], "paves": [518], "way": [520], "entirely": [523], "class": [525], "intelligent,": [527], "intelligence": [530], "specifically": [532], "designed": [533], "age": [540], "computing.": [543]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11891", "display_name": "Big Data and Business Intelligence", "score": 0.14309999346733093, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1404", "display_name": "Management Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/14", "display_name": "Business, Management and Accounting"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11891", "display_name": "Big Data and Business Intelligence", "score": 0.14309999346733093, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1404", "display_name": "Management Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/14", "display_name": "Business, Management and Accounting"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.13050000369548798, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.120899997651577, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.47363/jaicc/2025(4)450", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.47363/jaicc/2025(4)450", "pdf_url": "https://doi.org/10.47363/jaicc/2025(4)450", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4387280634", "display_name": "Journal of Artificial Intelligence & Cloud Computing", "issn_l": "2754-6659", "issn": ["2754-6659"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core"], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Journal of Artificial Intelligence &amp; Cloud Computing", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W7131666365", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29617663", "title": "Advancing Objective Evaluation of Speech-Driven Gesture Generation for Embodied Conversational Agents", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-07-22", "type": "article", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5119044974", "display_name": "Karlo Crnek", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0396-3869", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0396-3869"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Crnek, Karlo", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5040961779", "display_name": "Grega Mo\u010dnik", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6697-8931", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6697-8931"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Mo\u010dnik, Grega", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5074475740", "display_name": "Matej Rojc", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2840-968X", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2840-968X"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Rojc, Matej", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Developing": [0], "effective": [1], "speech-driven": [2], "gesture": [3], "generation": [4], "models": [5], "for": [6, 12, 45], "embodied": [7], "conversational": [8], "agents": [9], "is": [10], "crucial": [11], "creating": [13], "engaging": [14], "human-agent": [15], "interactions.": [16], "However,": [17], "the": [18, 80, 104, 109, 115, 123, 128, 132], "current": [19], "reliance": [20], "on": [21, 95, 141], "costly": [22], "and": [23, 34, 74, 83], "time-consuming": [24], "subjective": [25, 56, 111], "evaluation": [26, 49, 125], "studies": [27], "poses": [28], "challenges": [29], "in": [30, 122], "confident": [31], "model": [32], "comparison": [33], "efficient": [35], "development.": [36], "To": [37, 58], "address": [38], "this,": [39], "we": [40, 62], "propose": [41], "novel": [42], "feature": [43, 72, 92, 120, 138], "extractors": [44, 73, 121, 139], "a": [46, 90], "similarity-based": [47], "objective": [48, 124], "framework,": [50], "designed": [51], "to": [52], "enhance": [53], "correlation": [54, 106], "with": [55, 100, 108], "studies.": [57, 112], "validate": [59], "new": [60], "approaches,": [61], "conducted": [63], "an": [64], "extensive": [65], "empirical": [66], "analysis": [67], "of": [68, 71, 117, 131], "56": [69], "combinations": [70], "distance": [75], "measures": [76], "using": [77], "data": [78], "from": [79], "GENEA": [81, 110], "2022": [82], "2023": [84], "challenges.": [85], "Our": [86], "results": [87], "show": [88], "that": [89], "CNN-based": [91], "extractor": [93], "trained": [94, 140], "motion-audio": [96], "sync": [97], "classification,": [98], "combined": [99], "Fr\u00e9chet": [101], "distance,": [102], "achieved": [103], "highest": [105], "(0.809)": [107], "This": [113], "highlights": [114], "advantage": [116], "neural": [118], "network-based": [119], "pipeline,": [126], "emphasizing": [127], "critical": [129], "role": [130], "training": [133], "task,": [134], "as": [135], "it": [136], "outperformed": [137], "alternative": [142], "tasks.": [143]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12290", "display_name": "Human Motion and Animation", "score": 0.4375, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2207", "display_name": "Control and Systems Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12290", "display_name": "Human Motion and Animation", "score": 0.4375, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2207", "display_name": "Control and Systems Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.15049999952316284, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11398", "display_name": "Hand Gesture Recognition Systems", "score": 0.13369999825954437, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1709", "display_name": "Human-Computer Interaction"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.29617663", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29617663", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4377196282", "display_name": "Figshare", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I4210132348", "host_organization_name": "Figshare (United Kingdom)", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": null, "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "JournalArticle"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4409879495", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112697", "title": "Development and preliminary testing of a secure large language model-based chatbot for brief alcohol counseling in young adults", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-04-28", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5008411397", "display_name": "Brian P. Suffoletto", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9628-5260", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9628-5260"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210137306", "display_name": "Stanford Medicine", "ror": "https://ror.org/03mtd9a03", "country_code": "US", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210137306", "https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I97018004", "display_name": "Stanford University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00f54p054", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Brian Suffoletto", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University, USA. Electronic address: suffbp@stanford.edu"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9628-5260", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University, USA. Electronic address: suffbp@stanford.edu", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210137306", "https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5037493314", "display_name": "Duncan B. Clark", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2644-721X", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2644-721X"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I170201317", "display_name": "University of Pittsburgh", "ror": "https://ror.org/01an3r305", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Duncan B. Clark", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5024303286", "display_name": "Christine M. Lee", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7899-8120", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7899-8120"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I201448701", "display_name": "University of Washington", "ror": "https://ror.org/00cvxb145", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Christine Lee", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5062831534", "display_name": "Michael J. Mason", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3165-1450", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3165-1450"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I75027704", "display_name": "University of Tennessee at Knoxville", "ror": "https://ror.org/020f3ap87", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Michael Mason", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["College of Social Work, University of Tennessee, USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "College of Social Work, University of Tennessee, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5089191822", "display_name": "Jordan Schultz", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I97018004", "display_name": "Stanford University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00f54p054", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jordan Schultz", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Technology & Digital Solutions, Stanford University, USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Technology & Digital Solutions, Stanford University, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5043095488", "display_name": "Irvin Szeto", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I97018004", "display_name": "Stanford University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00f54p054", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Irvin Szeto", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Technology & Digital Solutions, Stanford University, USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Technology & Digital Solutions, Stanford University, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Denise Walker", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I201448701", "display_name": "University of Washington", "ror": "https://ror.org/00cvxb145", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Denise Walker", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Social Work, University of Washington, USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Social Work, University of Washington, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": null, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11519", "display_name": "Digital Mental Health Interventions", "score": 0.5874000191688538, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3202", "display_name": "Applied Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11519", "display_name": "Digital Mental Health Interventions", "score": 0.5874000191688538, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3202", "display_name": "Applied Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10043", "display_name": "Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes", "score": 0.3822999894618988, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2713", "display_name": "Epidemiology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11636", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education", "score": 0.0035000001080334187, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2718", "display_name": "Health Informatics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112697", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112697", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S109998069", "display_name": "Drug and Alcohol Dependence", "issn_l": "0376-8716", "issn": ["0376-8716", "1879-0046"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "doyens", "jufo-2", "ki-jl-1", "medline", "norway-1"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "acceptedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "Drug and Alcohol Dependence", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 11, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4417331685", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.11159/jmids.2025.008", "title": "Prompt Assessment for Human-AI Interaction: Intent, Complexity & Lay Perceptions", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-01-01", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5119548951", "display_name": "Marijose P\u00e1ez Vel\u00e1zquez", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I110026055", "display_name": "Iscte \u2013 Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa", "ror": "https://ror.org/014837179", "country_code": "PT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I110026055"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I141596103", "display_name": "University of Lisbon", "ror": "https://ror.org/01c27hj86", "country_code": "PT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405254053", "display_name": "Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Interven\u00e7\u00e3o Social", "ror": "https://ror.org/01bsb8064", "country_code": "PT", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I110026055", "https://openalex.org/I4405254053"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405259448", "display_name": "Universidade de Lisboa Instituto do Oriente", "ror": "https://ror.org/028mw1j46", "country_code": "PT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I141596103", "https://openalex.org/I4405259448"]}], "countries": ["PT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Marijose P\u00e1ez Vel\u00e1zquez", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["ISCTE-University Institute of Lisbon , School of Social Sciences , Centre for Psychological Research and Social Intervention (CIS) , Department of Psychology Av. das For\u00e7as Armadas , Lisbon , Portugal , 1649-026", "University of Lisbon , School of Social and Political Sciences (ISCSP) Rua Almerindo Lessa , Ajuda , Lisbon , Portugal , 1300-666"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "ISCTE-University Institute of Lisbon , School of Social Sciences , Centre for Psychological Research and Social Intervention (CIS) , Department of Psychology Av. das For\u00e7as Armadas , Lisbon , Portugal , 1649-026", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I110026055", "https://openalex.org/I4405254053"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Lisbon , School of Social and Political Sciences (ISCSP) Rua Almerindo Lessa , Ajuda , Lisbon , Portugal , 1300-666", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I141596103", "https://openalex.org/I4405259448"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5120805500", "display_name": "Vel\u00e1zquez Bobrowicz-Campos", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Vel\u00e1zquez Bobrowicz-Campos", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5016970237", "display_name": "Patr\u00ed\u00adcia Arriaga", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5766-0489", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5766-0489"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I110026055", "display_name": "Iscte \u2013 Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa", "ror": "https://ror.org/014837179", "country_code": "PT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I110026055"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405254053", "display_name": "Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Interven\u00e7\u00e3o Social", "ror": "https://ror.org/01bsb8064", "country_code": "PT", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I110026055", "https://openalex.org/I4405254053"]}], "countries": ["PT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Patr\u00edcia Arriaga", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["ISCTE-University Institute of Lisbon , School of Social Sciences , Centre for Psychological Research and Social Intervention (CIS) , Department of Psychology Av. das For\u00e7as Armadas , Lisbon , Portugal , 1649-026"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "ISCTE-University Institute of Lisbon , School of Social Sciences , Centre for Psychological Research and Social Intervention (CIS) , Department of Psychology Av. das For\u00e7as Armadas , Lisbon , Portugal , 1649-026", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I110026055", "https://openalex.org/I4405254053"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Large": [0], "Language": [1], "Models": [2], "(LLMs)": [3], "are": [4], "democratising": [5], "access": [6], "to": [7, 40, 50, 65, 116, 254, 300], "AI": [8, 42], "for": [9, 106, 279, 321, 332], "users": [10, 33, 197, 306], "with": [11, 35, 99, 166, 194, 289], "diverse": [12, 93], "levels": [13, 102, 144], "of": [14, 24, 89, 97, 122, 163, 231, 286, 307, 317, 327], "expertise,": [15], "raising": [16], "questions": [17], "about": [18], "the": [19, 86, 120, 150, 209, 247], "nature,": [20], "dynamics,": [21, 60], "and": [22, 45, 53, 82, 103, 137, 142, 159, 177, 180, 187, 217, 259, 277, 314, 319, 345], "effects": [23], "such": [25, 78], "interactions,": [26], "particularly": [27], "among": [28, 304], "lay": [29, 107, 196, 282, 305], "users.Understanding": [30], "how": [31, 213], "non-expert": [32], "engage": [34], "these": [36, 59, 192], "systems": [37], "is": [38, 62, 114], "essential": [39, 115], "inform": [41], "literacy": [43], "frameworks": [44], "responsible": [46], "use": [47, 91], "guidelines,": [48], "helping": [49], "reduce": [51], "misinformation": [52], "address": [54, 125], "broader": [55], "societal": [56], "implications.To": [57], "investigate": [58], "it": [61, 215], "first": [63], "necessary": [64], "identify": [66], "interaction": [67], "types": [68], "based": [69], "on": [70], "user": [71], "intent,": [72, 312], "as": [73, 75, 79], "well": [74], "prompt": [76, 302], "characteristics": [77], "complexity,": [80, 168, 212, 313], "appeal,": [81], "domain": [83, 261], "familiarity,": [84], "given": [85], "unprecedented": [87], "flexibility": [88], "LLM": [90], "across": [92], "contexts.However,": [94], "no": [95], "categorisation": [96, 113], "prompts": [98, 136, 165, 193, 224, 238, 267, 288, 328], "comparable": [100, 167], "complexity": [101, 143], "demonstrated": [104], "suitability": [105, 320], "populations": [108], "has": [109], "yet": [110], "been": [111], "developed.This": [112], "avoid": [117], "confounds": [118], "in": [119, 335, 349], "study": [121], "human-AI": [123, 336], "interaction.To": [124], "this": [126], "gap,": [127], "we": [128, 134, 153, 190], "applied": [129], "a": [130, 155, 161, 226, 280, 322, 330], "three-stage": [131], "methodological": [132], "approach.First,": [133], "generated": [135], "iteratively": [138], "refined": [139], "their": [140], "categories": [141, 303], "using": [145], "ChatGPT,": [146], "all": [147], "written": [148], "by": [149], "model": [151], "itself.Second,": [152], "conducted": [154], "thematic": [156], "qualitative": [157], "analysis": [158], "curated": [160], "pre-set": [162], "34": [164], "classifying": [169], "them": [170], "into": [171, 341], "two": [172, 181], "main": [173], "categories:": [174], "a)": [175], "task-oriented": [176], "b)": [178], "reflexive,": [179], "additional": [182], "control": [183], "categories;": [184], "c)": [185], "both": [186], "d)": [188], "none.Third,": [189], "tested": [191], "28": [195], "from": [198], "different": [199], "countries": [200], "through": [201], "an": [202], "online": [203], "survey.For": [204], "each": [205], "prompt,": [206], "participants": [207], "assessed": [208], "category,": [210], "perceived": [211], "interesting": [214], "was,": [216], "whether": [218], "non-experts": [219], "could": [220], "easily": [221], "understand": [222], "it.Taskoriented": [223], "achieved": [225], "mean": [227], "category": [228, 293], "confirmation": [229], "rate": [230], "62%": [232], "(Max": [233, 241], "=": [234, 242, 251, 257, 263], "82%),": [235], "while": [236], "reflexive": [237], "reached": [239], "52%": [240], "71%).Complexity": [243], "ratings": [244], "averaged": [245], "near": [246], "scale": [248], "midpoint": [249], "(M": [250, 256, 262], "4.10),": [252], "similar": [253], "interestingness": [255], "4.67)": [258], "general": [260, 323], "4.20),": [264], "indicating": [265], "that": [266], "were": [268], "neither": [269], "simplistic": [270], "nor": [271], "overly": [272], "demanding,": [273], "but": [274], "suitably": [275], "engaging": [276], "accessible": [278], "broad": [281], "population.A": [283], "final": [284, 325], "set": [285, 326], "12": [287], "at": [290], "least": [291], "60%": [292], "agreement": [294], "was": [295], "obtained.This": [296], "work": [297], "can": [298], "contribute": [299], "studying": [301], "LLM-powered": [308], "conversational": [309], "agents,": [310], "considering": [311], "users'": [315], "perceptions": [316], "appeal": [318], "audience.The": [324], "provides": [329], "resource": [331], "advancing": [333], "research": [334], "interaction,": [337], "supporting": [338], "future": [339], "investigations": [340], "trust,": [342], "emotional": [343], "responses,": [344], "other": [346], "key": [347], "constructs": [348], "Human": [350], "Computer": [351], "Interaction": [352], "(HCI).": [353]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10286", "display_name": "Information Retrieval and Search Behavior", "score": 0.14110000431537628, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10286", "display_name": "Information Retrieval and Search Behavior", "score": 0.14110000431537628, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10883", "display_name": "Ethics and Social Impacts of AI", "score": 0.10209999978542328, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3311", "display_name": "Safety Research"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10803", "display_name": "Innovative Human-Technology Interaction", "score": 0.09210000187158585, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1709", "display_name": "Human-Computer Interaction"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.11159/jmids.2025.008", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.11159/jmids.2025.008", "pdf_url": "https://jmids.avestia.com/2025/PDF/008.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4386621956", "display_name": "Journal of Machine Intelligence and Data Science", "issn_l": "2564-3282", "issn": ["2564-3282"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core"], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Journal of Machine Intelligence and Data Science", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W7167624715", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21250219", "title": "Artificial Intelligence Applications in Early Identification of Learning Difficulties in Elementary Students: A Systematic Review", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-05-11", "type": "article", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5125427825", "display_name": "M HEIDARI", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Heidari, Mojtaba", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["cfu qazvin"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "cfu qazvin", "institution_ids": []}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"The": [0, 60], "early": [1, 114], "identification": [2, 115], "of": [3, 24, 116], "learning": [4, 30, 117], "difficulties": [5, 31], "in": [6, 28, 69, 89, 101, 112], "elementary": [7, 33], "education": [8], "is": [9], "critical": [10], "for": [11, 107], "timely": [12], "intervention": [13], "and": [14, 56, 76, 86, 104, 110], "improved": [15], "academic": [16], "outcomes.": [17], "This": [18, 94], "systematic": [19], "review": [20, 42, 95], "examines": [21], "the": [22, 102], "applications": [23], "artificial": [25], "intelligence": [26], "(AI)": [27], "detecting": [29], "among": [32], "school": [34], "students.": [35], "Drawing": [36], "from": [37], "recent": [38], "empirical": [39], "studies,": [40], "this": [41], "analyzes": [43], "AI-based": [44], "tools": [45], "including": [46], "conversational": [47], "agents,": [48], "automatic": [49], "speech": [50], "recognition": [51], "systems,": [52], "adaptive": [53], "gamification": [54], "platforms,": [55], "intelligent": [57], "tutoring": [58], "systems.": [59], "findings": [61], "indicate": [62], "that": [63], "AI": [64], "technologies": [65], "demonstrate": [66], "significant": [67], "potential": [68], "cognitive": [70], "scaffolding,": [71], "diagnostic": [72], "assessment,": [73], "differentiated": [74], "instruction,": [75], "engagement": [77], "monitoring.": [78], "However,": [79], "limitations": [80], "regarding": [81], "socio-emotional": [82], "support,": [83], "algorithmic": [84], "bias,": [85], "implementation": [87], "challenges": [88], "authentic": [90], "classroom": [91], "settings": [92], "persist.": [93], "synthesizes": [96], "current": [97], "evidence,": [98], "identifies": [99], "gaps": [100], "literature,": [103], "proposes": [105], "directions": [106], "future": [108], "research": [109], "practice": [111], "AI-enhanced": [113], "difficulties.": [118]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T14414", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Education", "score": 0.5630000233650208, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T14414", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Education", "score": 0.5630000233650208, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11902", "display_name": "Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning", "score": 0.43070000410079956, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11636", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education", "score": 0.0012000000569969416, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2718", "display_name": "Health Informatics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.5281/zenodo.21250219", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21250219", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400562", "display_name": "Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I67311998", "host_organization_name": "European Organization for Nuclear Research", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I67311998"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": null, "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "article-journal"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4416418918", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csl.2025.101903", "title": "Using Knowledge Induction strategies: LLMs can do better in knowledge-driven dialogue tasks", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-11-20", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5085742376", "display_name": "Sisi Peng", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3272-1016", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3272-1016"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I169689159", "display_name": "PLA Information Engineering University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00mm1qk40", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Sisi Peng", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Information Engineering University, ZhengZhou, China"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3272-1016", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Information Engineering University, ZhengZhou, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100635256", "display_name": "Wenlin Zhang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6842-9722", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6842-9722", "https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2400-8207"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I169689159", "display_name": "PLA Information Engineering University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00mm1qk40", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Wenlin Zhang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Information Engineering University, ZhengZhou, China", "Laboratory for Advanced Computing and Intelligence Engineering, ZhengZhou, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Information Engineering University, ZhengZhou, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Laboratory for Advanced Computing and Intelligence Engineering, ZhengZhou, China", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100396892", "display_name": "Hao Zhang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3238-0066", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3238-0066"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I169689159", "display_name": "PLA Information Engineering University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00mm1qk40", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Hao Zhang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Information Engineering University, ZhengZhou, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Information Engineering University, ZhengZhou, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5111109197", "display_name": "Shunhang Li", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5942-0928", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5942-0928"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I169689159", "display_name": "PLA Information Engineering University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00mm1qk40", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Shunhang Li", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Information Engineering University, ZhengZhou, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Information Engineering University, ZhengZhou, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I169689159"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5001488518", "display_name": "Dan Qu", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9917-7794", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9917-7794"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Dan Qu", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Laboratory for Advanced Computing and Intelligence Engineering, ZhengZhou, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Laboratory for Advanced Computing and Intelligence Engineering, ZhengZhou, China", "institution_ids": []}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": null, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9663000106811523, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9663000106811523, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10028", "display_name": "Topic Modeling", "score": 0.027400000020861626, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10181", "display_name": "Natural Language Processing Techniques", "score": 0.002199999988079071, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1016/j.csl.2025.101903", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csl.2025.101903", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S91252481", "display_name": "Computer Speech & Language", "issn_l": "0885-2308", "issn": ["0885-2308", "1095-8363"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "erih-plus", "jufo-2", "norway-2"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Computer Speech &amp; Language", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4412750116", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.2196/76968", "title": "The Effectiveness and Feasibility of Conversational Agents in Supporting Care for Patients With Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-07-30", "type": "review", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Xiao-han Jiang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7622-6554", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7622-6554"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I157773358", "display_name": "Sun Yat-sen University", "ror": "https://ror.org/0064kty71", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Xiao-han Jiang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China", "School of nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu DistrictGuangzhou, Guangdong Province, P.R. China, Guangzhou, CN"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7622-6554", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "School of nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu DistrictGuangzhou, Guangdong Province, P.R. China, Guangzhou, CN", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Xiu-hong Yuan", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8541-7133", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8541-7133"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I157773358", "display_name": "Sun Yat-sen University", "ror": "https://ror.org/0064kty71", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210146711", "display_name": "Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center", "ror": "https://ror.org/0400g8r85", "country_code": "CN", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210146711"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Xiu-hong Yuan", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Gastric Surgery, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China", "Department of Gastric Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, CN"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8541-7133", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Gastric Surgery, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I157773358", "https://openalex.org/I4210146711"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Gastric Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, CN", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210146711"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Hui Zhao", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0998-3014", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0998-3014"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I157773358", "display_name": "Sun Yat-sen University", "ror": "https://ror.org/0064kty71", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210146711", "display_name": "Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center", "ror": "https://ror.org/0400g8r85", "country_code": "CN", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210146711"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Hui Zhao", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Gastric Surgery, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China", "Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, CN"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0998-3014", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Gastric Surgery, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I157773358", "https://openalex.org/I4210146711"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, CN", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210146711"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5074310982", "display_name": "Junsheng Peng", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7975-4176", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7975-4176"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210093460", "display_name": "Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University", "ror": "https://ror.org/005pe1772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210093460"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jun-sheng Peng", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Gastric Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China", "Department of Gastric Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, CN"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7975-4176", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Gastric Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210093460"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Gastric Surgery, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, CN", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210093460"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"BACKGROUND:": [0], "Patients": [1], "with": [2, 19, 74, 141, 213, 234, 238, 346, 394], "cancer": [3, 22, 46, 75, 235], "experience": [4], "complex": [5], "physical,": [6], "psychosocial,": [7], "and": [8, 25, 53, 65, 76, 89, 101, 112, 116, 129, 148, 166, 184, 190, 203, 222, 278, 326, 342, 389, 401, 418, 426], "behavioral": [9], "challenges": [10], "that": [11, 314, 383], "require": [12], "continuous": [13], "support.": [14], "This": [15, 58, 373], "need": [16, 365, 408], "has": [17], "intensified": [18], "the": [20, 26, 63, 79, 105, 157, 167, 245, 317, 350, 364, 377, 397, 407, 441], "rising": [21], "burden": [23], "worldwide": [24], "limited": [27, 398], "scalability": [28], "of": [29, 67, 82, 99, 160, 205, 280, 323, 353], "traditional": [30], "care": [31, 71], "models.": [32], "In": [33, 227], "response,": [34], "conversational": [35], "agents": [36], "(CAs)": [37], "have": [38, 316], "emerged": [39], "as": [40], "promising": [41], "digital": [42], "interventions": [43, 84, 131, 135, 391], "for": [44, 72, 119, 164, 175, 211, 366, 392, 409], "enhancing": [45], "care,": [47], "but": [48], "evidence": [49, 433, 442], "regarding": [50], "their": [51], "feasibility": [52, 64], "effectiveness": [54, 66], "remains": [55], "limited.": [56], "OBJECTIVE:": [57], "study": [59, 180], "aimed": [60], "to": [61, 77, 85, 267, 275, 298, 308, 319, 337, 359, 368, 381, 422, 439], "evaluate": [62], "CAs": [68, 315, 333, 384], "in": [69, 139, 244, 252, 429], "supporting": [70], "patients": [73, 140, 233, 345, 393], "summarize": [78], "key": [80], "characteristics": [81], "CA": [83, 182, 430], "inform": [86], "future": [87], "design": [88], "implementation.": [90], "METHODS:": [91], "We": [92], "systematically": [93], "searched": [94], "PubMed,": [95], "Cochrane": [96, 158], "Library,": [97], "Web": [98], "Science,": [100], "Embase": [102], "databases": [103], "from": [104, 434], "index": [106], "date": [107], "through": [108], "February": [109], "3,": [110], "2025,": [111], "screened": [113], "reference": [114], "lists": [115], "trial": [117], "registries": [118], "gray": [120], "literature.": [121], "Eligible": [122], "studies": [123, 147, 230, 241], "included": [124, 179, 243], "randomized": [125], "controlled": [126], "trials": [127], "(RCTs)": [128], "nonrandomized": [130], "(NRIs)": [132], "evaluating": [133], "CA-delivered": [134], "targeting": [136], "health": [137, 219, 324], "outcomes": [138, 212], "cancer.": [142, 395], "Two": [143], "reviewers": [144], "independently": [145], "selected": [146], "extracted": [149], "data.": [150], "Study": [151], "quality": [152, 204, 279], "was": [153, 209], "then": [154], "appraised": [155], "using": [156], "Risk": [159], "Bias": [161], "2.0": [162], "tool": [163], "RCTs": [165, 436], "Joanna": [168], "Briggs": [169], "Institute": [170], "(JBI)": [171], "Critical": [172], "Appraisal": [173], "Checklist": [174], "NRIs.": [176], "Extracted": [177], "data": [178], "characteristics,": [181], "features,": [183], "implementation": [185], "outcomes,": [186], "including": [187, 218], "feasibility,": [188], "acceptability,": [189], "usability.": [191], "Meta-analyses": [192], "were": [193, 236, 290, 334], "conducted": [194], "on": [195, 292], "physical": [196, 253], "activity,": [197], "pain,": [198], "anxiety,": [199], "depression,": [200], "psychological": [201, 302, 399], "distress,": [202], "life.": [206], "Narrative": [207, 311], "synthesis": [208, 312], "used": [210], "inconsistent": [214], "reporting": [215], "across": [216], "studies,": [217], "information": [220, 325], "acquisition": [221, 322], "treatment-related": [223, 329], "side": [224, 330], "effects.": [225, 331], "RESULTS:": [226], "total,": [228], "17": [229], "involving": [231], "1817": [232], "included,": [237], "10": [239], "(58.8%)": [240], "being": [242], "meta-analysis.": [246], "The": [247], "meta-analysis": [248], "showed": [249], "significant": [250, 288], "improvements": [251], "activity": [254], "(mean": [255], "difference": [256], "[MD]=1.44,": [257], "95%": [258, 264, 272, 283, 295, 305], "CI": [259, 265, 273, 284, 296, 306], "0.36-2.52,": [260], "P<.01),": [261, 269], "pain": [262], "(MD=-0.91,": [263], "-1.44": [266], "-0.38,": [268], "anxiety": [270], "(SMD=-0.19,": [271], "-0.35": [274], "-0.02,": [276], "P=.02),": [277], "life": [281], "(SMD=0.35,": [282], "0.03-0.67,": [285], "P=.03).": [286], "No": [287], "effects": [289], "observed": [291], "depression": [293], "(SMD=-0.07,": [294], "-0.42": [297], "0.27,": [299], "P=.68)": [300], "or": [301], "distress": [303], "(SMD=-0.33,": [304], "-0.66": [307], "0.01,": [309], "P=.06).": [310], "suggested": [313], "potential": [318], "improve": [320], "patients'": [321], "help": [327], "manage": [328], "Notably,": [332], "generally": [335], "found": [336], "be": [338], "safe,": [339], "feasible,": [340, 386], "acceptable,": [341, 387], "usable": [343], "among": [344], "cancer,": [347], "particularly": [348], "during": [349], "initial": [351], "phase": [352], "use.": [354, 371], "However,": [355], "user": [356, 404], "engagement": [357, 405, 428], "tended": [358], "decline": [360], "over": [361], "time,": [362], "underscoring": [363], "strategies": [367], "sustain": [369], "long-term": [370, 403], "CONCLUSIONS:": [372], "systematic": [374], "review": [375], "is": [376, 437], "first": [378], "comprehensive": [379], "analysis": [380], "suggest": [382], "are": [385], "usable,": [388], "effective": [390], "Nevertheless,": [396], "benefits": [400], "suboptimal": [402], "indicate": [406], "further": [410], "refinement.": [411], "Future": [412], "research": [413], "should": [414], "adopt": [415], "theory-based": [416], "designs": [417], "leverage": [419], "emerging": [420], "technologies": [421], "enhance": [423], "personalization,": [424], "empathy,": [425], "sustained": [427], "interventions.": [431], "Robust": [432], "large-scale": [435], "needed": [438], "strengthen": [440], "base.": [443], "TRIAL": [444], "REGISTRATION:": [445], "PROSPERO": [446], "CRD42025645982;": [447], "https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42025645982.": [448]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11519", "display_name": "Digital Mental Health Interventions", "score": 0.5282999873161316, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3202", "display_name": "Applied Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11519", "display_name": "Digital Mental Health Interventions", "score": 0.5282999873161316, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3202", "display_name": "Applied Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11446", "display_name": "Mobile Health and mHealth Applications", "score": 0.21480000019073486, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3600", "display_name": "General Health Professions"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/36", "display_name": "Health Professions"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10178", "display_name": "Cancer survivorship and care", "score": 0.14429999887943268, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2730", "display_name": "Oncology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.2196/76968", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.2196/76968", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S17147534", "display_name": "Journal of Medical Internet Research", "issn_l": "1438-8871", "issn": ["1438-8871", "1439-4456"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "doaj", "doyens", "jufo-2", "ki-jl-2", "medline", "norway-2"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320608", "host_organization_name": "JMIR Publications", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320608"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["JMIR Publications"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Journal of Medical Internet Research", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 7, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W7106778268", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2511.18926", "title": "MoodBench 1.0: An Evaluation Benchmark for Emotional Companionship Dialogue Systems", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-11-24", "type": "preprint", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Jing, Haifeng", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jing, Haifeng", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Hou, Yujie", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Hou, Yujie", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Liu, Junfei", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Liu, Junfei", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Xie, Rui", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Xie, Rui", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Xu, alan", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Xu, alan", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Ma, Jinlong", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ma, Jinlong", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Deng, Qichun", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Deng, Qichun", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"With": [0], "the": [1, 19, 35, 65, 80, 108, 117], "rapid": [2], "development": [3], "of": [4, 21, 54, 68, 91], "Large": [5], "Language": [6], "Models,": [7], "dialogue": [8], "systems": [9], "are": [10], "shifting": [11], "from": [12], "information": [13], "tools": [14], "to": [15], "emotional": [16, 30, 111, 125], "companions,": [17], "heralding": [18], "era": [20], "Emotional": [22], "Companionship": [23], "Dialogue": [24], "Systems": [25], "(ECDs)": [26], "that": [27, 97], "provide": [28], "personalized": [29], "support": [31], "for": [32, 44], "users.": [33], "However,": [34], "field": [36], "lacks": [37], "clear": [38], "definitions": [39], "and": [40, 64, 78, 104, 131], "systematic": [41], "evaluation": [42, 83], "standards": [43], "ECDs.": [45], "To": [46], "address": [47], "this,": [48], "we": [49, 76, 95], "first": [50, 81], "propose": [51], "a": [52], "definition": [53], "ECDs": [55], "with": [56], "formal": [57], "descriptions.": [58], "Then,": [59], "based": [60], "on": [61], "this": [62], "theory": [63], "design": [66, 77], "principle": [67], "\"Ability": [69], "Layer-Task": [70], "Layer": [71], "(three": [72], "level)-Data": [73], "Layer-Method": [74], "Layer\",": [75], "implement": [79], "ECD": [82], "benchmark": [84], "-": [85], "MoodBench": [86, 98], "1.0.": [87], "Through": [88], "extensive": [89], "evaluations": [90], "30": [92], "mainstream": [93], "models,": [94], "demonstrate": [96], "1.0": [99], "has": [100], "excellent": [101], "discriminant": [102], "validity": [103], "can": [105], "effectively": [106], "quantify": [107], "differences": [109], "in": [110, 123, 135], "companionship": [112], "abilities": [113], "among": [114], "models.": [115], "Furthermore,": [116], "results": [118], "reveal": [119], "current": [120], "models'": [121], "shortcomings": [122], "deep": [124], "companionship,": [126], "guiding": [127], "future": [128], "technological": [129], "optimization": [130], "significantly": [132], "aiding": [133], "developers": [134], "enhancing": [136], "ECDs'": [137], "user": [138], "experience.": [139]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9204000234603882, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9204000234603882, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10667", "display_name": "Emotion and Mood Recognition", "score": 0.06710000336170197, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3205", "display_name": "Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10709", "display_name": "Social Robot Interaction and HRI", "score": 0.0032999999821186066, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3207", "display_name": "Social Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2511.18926", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://arxiv.org/abs/2511.18926", "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.18926", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400194", "display_name": "arXiv (Cornell University)", "issn_l": "2331-8422", "issn": ["2331-8422"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I205783295", "host_organization_name": "Cornell University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I205783295"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "text"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4405992028", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.66190", "title": "Text Generation Model Using Deep Learning", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-01-02", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Anurag Meshram", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Anurag Meshram", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5111401571", "display_name": "Amol Patil", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Amol Patil", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Saurabh Mulik", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Saurabh Mulik", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Aniruddh Pawar", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Aniruddh Pawar", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5099119185", "display_name": "Prof. Sheetal A. Nirve", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Prof. Sheetal Nirve", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Abstract:": [0], "The": [1, 36, 78], "rapid": [2], "growth": [3], "of": [4, 56, 106, 124], "artificial": [5], "intelligence": [6], "(AI)": [7], "and": [8, 28, 46, 64, 75, 95, 97, 120], "natural": [9], "language": [10], "processing": [11], "(NLP)": [12], "has": [13], "given": [14], "rise": [15], "to": [16, 26, 40], "conversational": [17], "AI": [18, 125], "solutions": [19], "known": [20], "as": [21], "chatbots.": [22, 126], "This": [23, 50, 112], "project": [24], "aims": [25], "explore": [27], "develop": [29], "a": [30, 53, 82], "chatbot": [31, 37], "using": [32], "the": [33, 57, 117], "OpenAI": [34], "API.": [35], "is": [38], "designed": [39], "offer": [41], "users": [42], "an": [43, 104], "interactive,": [44], "responsive,": [45], "context-aware": [47], "conversation": [48], "experience.": [49], "report": [51], "presents": [52], "detailed": [54], "overview": [55], "development": [58, 80], "process,": [59], "design": [60], "considerations,": [61], "implementation,": [62], "evaluation,": [63], "potential": [65], "improvements.": [66], "Chatbots": [67], "have": [68], "gained": [69], "prominence": [70], "for": [71], "improving": [72], "online": [73], "interactions": [74], "information": [76], "retrieval.": [77], "chatbot's": [79], "followed": [81], "structured": [83], "prototype": [84], "methodology,": [85], "including": [86], "Requirement": [87, 91], "Gathering,": [88], "Prototype": [89], "Building,": [90], "Refinement,": [92], "Customer": [93], "Evaluation,": [94], "Design": [96], "Implementation.": [98], "User": [99], "Acceptance": [100], "Testing": [101], "(UAT)": [102], "scored": [103], "average": [105], "4.14,": [107], "signifying": [108], "high": [109], "user": [110], "satisfaction.": [111], "work": [113], "also": [114], "delves": [115], "into": [116], "ethical": [118], "considerations": [119], "real-": [121], "world": [122], "applications": [123]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.5708000063896179, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.5708000063896179, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.4097000062465668, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13904", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence Applications", "score": 0.008899999782443047, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.22214/ijraset.2025.66190", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.66190", "pdf_url": "https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.66190", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764566388", "display_name": "International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology", "issn_l": "2321-9653", "issn": ["2321-9653"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4322614460", "host_organization_name": "International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (IJRASET)", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4322614460"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (IJRASET)"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4409267131", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s40593-025-00469-7", "title": "Investigating the Impact of a Collaborative Conversational Agent on Dialogue Productivity and Knowledge Acquisition", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-04-08", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5014320176", "display_name": "Adelson de Araujo", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4219-1955", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4219-1955"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I94624287", "display_name": "University of Twente", "ror": "https://ror.org/006hf6230", "country_code": "NL", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}], "countries": ["NL"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Adelson de Araujo", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Learning, Data analytics and Technology, Faculty of Behavioral, Management and Social Sciences, University of Twente, PO Box 217, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Learning, Data analytics and Technology, Faculty of Behavioral, Management and Social Sciences, University of Twente, PO Box 217, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5058883700", "display_name": "Pantelis M. Papadopoulos", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1527-5483", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1527-5483"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I94624287", "display_name": "University of Twente", "ror": "https://ror.org/006hf6230", "country_code": "NL", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}], "countries": ["NL"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Pantelis M. Papadopoulos", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Learning, Data analytics and Technology, Faculty of Behavioral, Management and Social Sciences, University of Twente, PO Box 217, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Learning, Data analytics and Technology, Faculty of Behavioral, Management and Social Sciences, University of Twente, PO Box 217, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5077994728", "display_name": "Susan E. McKenney", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6028-4098", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6028-4098"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I94624287", "display_name": "University of Twente", "ror": "https://ror.org/006hf6230", "country_code": "NL", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}], "countries": ["NL"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Susan McKenney", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Learning, Data analytics and Technology, Faculty of Behavioral, Management and Social Sciences, University of Twente, PO Box 217, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Learning, Data analytics and Technology, Faculty of Behavioral, Management and Social Sciences, University of Twente, PO Box 217, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5019196767", "display_name": "Ton de Jong", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0416-4304", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0416-4304"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I94624287", "display_name": "University of Twente", "ror": "https://ror.org/006hf6230", "country_code": "NL", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}], "countries": ["NL"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ton de Jong", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Learning, Data analytics and Technology, Faculty of Behavioral, Management and Social Sciences, University of Twente, PO Box 217, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Learning, Data analytics and Technology, Faculty of Behavioral, Management and Social Sciences, University of Twente, PO Box 217, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"While": [0], "teachers": [1], "can": [2], "potentially": [3], "guide": [4], "single": [5], "student-student": [6], "dialogue,": [7], "scaling": [8], "personalized": [9], "guidance": [10], "across": [11], "multiple": [12], "groups": [13], "is": [14], "challenging.": [15], "Collaborative": [16], "Conversational": [17], "Agents": [18], "(CCAs)": [19], "emerge": [20], "as": [21, 215], "a": [22, 51, 56, 111, 233], "viable": [23], "solution,": [24], "for": [25, 227], "example,": [26], "by": [27, 126], "utilizing": [28], "learning": [29, 59, 99, 247], "analytics": [30], "to": [31, 37, 81, 118, 151, 187, 212, 230], "identify": [32], "patterns": [33], "in": [34, 41, 55, 93, 95, 193, 217, 245], "student": [35], "dialogue": [36, 72, 109, 143, 201, 240], "trigger": [38], "interventions": [39], "grounded": [40], "dialogic": [42], "instructional": [43], "theory.": [44], "This": [45, 197], "study": [46], "investigates": [47], "the": [48, 102, 106, 120, 194, 218], "impact": [49, 70, 165, 236], "of": [50, 108, 122, 142, 237], "CCA,": [52], "named": [53], "\u201cClair,\u201d": [54], "collaborative": [57, 246], "inquiry": [58], "environment.": [60], "Building": [61], "on": [62, 71, 101, 166, 171, 239], "prior": [63], "work": [64, 229], "with": [65, 84, 156, 181, 206], "Clair,": [66], "we": [67, 223], "explored": [68], "its": [69], "productivity": [73, 202, 241], "and": [74, 149, 154, 242], "knowledge": [75, 172, 213, 243], "acquisition.": [76], "Student": [77], "pairs": [78], "were": [79], "assigned": [80], "interact": [82], "either": [83], "Clair": [85, 89, 138, 207], "(treatment)": [86], "or": [87], "without": [88], "(control),": [90], "while": [91], "working": [92], "dyads": [94], "an": [96, 164], "inquiry-based": [97], "digital": [98], "environment": [100], "digestive": [103], "system.": [104], "In": [105], "analysis": [107, 177], "productivity,": [110, 144], "sequential": [112], "pattern": [113], "mining": [114], "technique": [115], "was": [116, 130, 174, 185], "employed": [117], "measure": [119], "frequency": [121], "key": [123, 140], "goals": [124, 141], "targeted": [125], "Clair.": [127], "Knowledge": [128], "acquisition": [129, 173, 214, 244], "measured": [131, 216], "through": [132], "post-tests.": [133], "Our": [134], "findings": [135], "revealed": [136], "that": [137, 179, 200], "promoted": [139], "including:": [145], "sharing": [146], "thoughts;": [147], "orienting": [148], "listening": [150], "one": [152], "another;": [153], "engaging": [155, 180], "each": [157, 182], "other\u2019s": [158, 183], "reasoning,": [159], "but": [160, 191], "did": [161, 208], "not": [162, 209], "have": [163], "deepening": [167], "reasoning.": [168], "No": [169], "effect": [170], "found.": [175], "Correlation": [176], "showed": [178], "reasoning": [184], "related": [186], "students\u2019": [188], "post\u2011test": [189], "scores,": [190], "exclusively": [192], "control": [195], "condition.": [196], "may": [198], "imply": [199], "gains": [203], "from": [204], "interacting": [205], "directly": [210], "transfer": [211], "post\u2011test.": [219], "Following": [220], "these": [221], "outcomes,": [222], "indicate": [224], "possible": [225], "paths": [226], "future": [228], "contribute": [231], "towards": [232], "more": [234], "comprehensive": [235], "CCAs": [238], "environments.": [248]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11902", "display_name": "Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning", "score": 0.9980000257492065, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11902", "display_name": "Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning", "score": 0.9980000257492065, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10636", "display_name": "Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods", "score": 0.0008999999845400453, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3204", "display_name": "Developmental and Educational Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T14414", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Education", "score": 0.00019999999494757503, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1007/s40593-025-00469-7", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s40593-025-00469-7", "pdf_url": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40593-025-00469-7.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S171267539", "display_name": "International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education", "issn_l": "1560-4292", "issn": ["1560-4292", "1560-4306"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "erih-plus", "jufo-1", "norway-1"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319900", "host_organization_name": "Springer Science+Business Media", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319900", "https://openalex.org/P4310319965"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Springer Science+Business Media", "Springer Nature"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 14, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4416692714", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2025.106186", "title": "Healthbots for conducting clinical screening and remote monitoring with patient mood assessment: A scoping review", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-11-26", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5043801970", "display_name": "Paulo Abrantes", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4322-5675", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4322-5675"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I71715416", "display_name": "Universidade Federal do ABC", "ror": "https://ror.org/028kg9j04", "country_code": "BR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I71715416"]}], "countries": ["BR"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Paulo Cesar Abrantes", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo Andr\u00e9, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: paulo.abrantes@ufabc.edu.br"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4322-5675", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo Andr\u00e9, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: paulo.abrantes@ufabc.edu.br", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I71715416"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5059751341", "display_name": "Ant\u00f4nio Val\u00e9rio Netto", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9215-8531", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9215-8531"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I88273585", "display_name": "Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo", "ror": "https://ror.org/02k5swt12", "country_code": "BR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I88273585"]}], "countries": ["BR"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Antonio Val\u00e9rio Netto", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo (UNIFESP), S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo (UNIFESP), S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I88273585"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5080057065", "display_name": "Andr\u00e9 K. Takahata", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7701-6452", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7701-6452"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I71715416", "display_name": "Universidade Federal do ABC", "ror": "https://ror.org/028kg9j04", "country_code": "BR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I71715416"]}], "countries": ["BR"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Andr\u00e9 Kazuo Takahata", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo Andr\u00e9, SP, Brazil"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo Andr\u00e9, SP, Brazil", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I71715416"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": null, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10667", "display_name": "Emotion and Mood Recognition", "score": 0.42969998717308044, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3205", "display_name": "Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10667", "display_name": "Emotion and Mood Recognition", "score": 0.42969998717308044, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3205", "display_name": "Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11636", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education", "score": 0.2734000086784363, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2718", "display_name": "Health Informatics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11519", "display_name": "Digital Mental Health Interventions", "score": 0.17219999432563782, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3202", "display_name": "Applied Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2025.106186", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2025.106186", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S53142634", "display_name": "International Journal of Medical Informatics", "issn_l": "1386-5056", "issn": ["1386-5056", "1872-8243"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "doyens", "jufo-3", "ki-jl-1", "medline", "norway-2"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "International Journal of Medical Informatics", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 3, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4410517452", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.30574/wjaets.2025.15.2.0712", "title": "RLHF Explained: How human feedback shapes conversational AI", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-05-20", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5117605831", "display_name": "Aditya Krishna Sonthy", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I130701444", "display_name": "Georgia Institute of Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/01zkghx44", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Aditya Krishna Sonthy", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Georgia Institute of Technology , USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Georgia Institute of Technology , USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Reinforcement": [0], "Learning": [1], "from": [2], "Human": [3], "Feedback": [4], "(RLHF)": [5], "has": [6], "emerged": [7], "as": [8, 151, 172], "a": [9, 70], "transformative": [10], "methodology": [11], "in": [12, 56], "the": [13, 23, 37, 166], "development": [14], "of": [15, 169], "conversational": [16, 173], "artificial": [17], "intelligence": [18], "systems.": [19], "This": [20], "technique": [21], "bridges": [22], "gap": [24], "between": [25], "technical": [26], "capabilities": [27], "and": [28, 65, 79, 93, 109, 119, 142, 159, 183], "human": [29, 34, 49, 63], "expectations": [30], "by": [31], "incorporating": [32], "real-world": [33], "judgments": [35], "into": [36], "training": [38], "process.": [39], "Unlike": [40], "traditional": [41], "supervised": [42, 74], "learning": [43, 81], "approaches,": [44], "RLHF": [45, 97], "optimizes": [46], "for": [47], "subjective": [48], "preferences": [50], "rather": [51], "than": [52], "objective": [53], "metrics,": [54], "resulting": [55], "AI": [57, 174], "systems": [58], "that": [59], "better": [60], "align": [61], "with": [62], "values": [64], "expectations.": [66], "The": [67], "implementation": [68, 98], "follows": [69], "multi-stage": [71], "process": [72], "including": [73, 133], "fine-tuning,": [75], "reward": [76, 107], "model": [77, 88], "training,": [78], "reinforcement": [80], "optimization.": [82], "While": [83], "highly": [84], "effective": [85], "at": [86], "improving": [87], "helpfulness,": [89], "reducing": [90], "harmful": [91], "outputs,": [92], "enhancing": [94], "factual": [95], "consistency,": [96], "presents": [99], "significant": [100], "challenges": [101], "related": [102], "to": [103], "data": [104], "quality,": [105], "scalability,": [106], "hacking,": [108], "distribution": [110], "shift.": [111], "Ethical": [112], "considerations": [113], "surrounding": [114], "bias,": [115], "transparency,": [116], "power": [117], "dynamics,": [118], "long-term": [120], "value": [121], "alignment": [122], "further": [123], "complicate": [124], "responsible": [125], "deployment.": [126], "Various": [127], "strategies": [128], "can": [129], "address": [130], "these": [131], "challenges,": [132], "diverse": [134], "annotator": [135], "selection,": [136], "constitutional": [137], "principles,": [138], "hybrid": [139], "evaluation": [140], "systems,": [141], "robust": [143], "transparency": [144], "measures.": [145], "Looking": [146], "forward,": [147], "emerging": [148], "trends": [149], "such": [150], "self-supervised": [152], "preference": [153], "learning,": [154], "multi-objective": [155], "optimization,": [156], "user-specific": [157], "adaptation,": [158], "computational": [160], "efficiency": [161], "improvements": [162], "will": [163], "likely": [164], "shape": [165], "continued": [167], "evolution": [168], "this": [170], "field": [171], "becomes": [175], "increasingly": [176], "integrated": [177], "across": [178], "healthcare,": [179], "customer": [180], "service,": [181], "education,": [182], "enterprise": [184], "applications.": [185]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10462", "display_name": "Reinforcement Learning in Robotics", "score": 0.3666999936103821, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10462", "display_name": "Reinforcement Learning in Robotics", "score": 0.3666999936103821, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.23649999499320984, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10883", "display_name": "Ethics and Social Impacts of AI", "score": 0.14550000429153442, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3311", "display_name": "Safety Research"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.30574/wjaets.2025.15.2.0712", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.30574/wjaets.2025.15.2.0712", "pdf_url": "https://journalwjaets.com/sites/default/files/fulltext_pdf/WJAETS-2025-0712.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210239011", "display_name": "World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences", "issn_l": "2582-8266", "issn": ["2582-8266"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4383735917", "host_organization_name": "GSC Online Press", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4383735917"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["GSC Online Press"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4414826662", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2025.2561039", "title": "Effect of co-engagement with a conversational agent on children\u2019s video story comprehension and learning transfer: The role of children\u2019s utterances", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-10-04", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5108679361", "display_name": "Min Jeong Kim", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1893-1324", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1893-1324"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I139264467", "display_name": "Seoul National University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04h9pn542", "country_code": "KR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}], "countries": ["KR"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Min Jeong Kim", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Seoul National University"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Seoul National University", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5089323302", "display_name": "Kangyi Lee", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1193-5771", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1193-5771"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I139264467", "display_name": "Seoul National University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04h9pn542", "country_code": "KR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}], "countries": ["KR"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Kangyi Lee", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Seoul National University"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Seoul National University", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"When": [0], "young": [1, 174], "children": [2, 76], "learn": [3], "through": [4], "video": [5, 57, 101, 139], "watching,": [6], "the": [7, 45, 66, 90, 100, 104, 126, 130, 147, 158], "co-engagement": [8, 31, 49], "of": [9, 47, 92, 99, 125, 128, 132, 150, 160], "conversational": [10], "agents": [11], "(CAs)": [12], "enhances": [13], "their": [14, 72], "learning": [15, 40, 61, 73, 122, 142, 155, 176], "by": [16], "fostering": [17, 153], "interactive": [18], "dialogue.": [19], "Despite": [20], "this": [21], "potential,": [22], "limited": [23], "attention": [24], "has": [25], "been": [26], "paid": [27], "to": [28, 118, 172], "how": [29, 36], "such": [30], "elicits": [32], "children\u2019s": [33, 55, 69, 97, 133, 154, 161, 175], "utterances": [34, 70, 94, 111, 134], "and": [35, 52, 60, 71, 95, 121, 141, 156], "these": [37], "responses": [38], "influence": [39], "outcomes.": [41, 74], "This": [42, 164], "study": [43, 165], "investigated": [44], "effects": [46], "CA": [48], "(through": [50], "explanations": [51, 88], "questions)": [53], "on": [54], "utterances,": [56, 116], "story": [58], "comprehension,": [59], "transfer,": [62], "as": [63, 65], "well": [64], "relationship": [67], "between": [68], "Ninety-seven": [75], "aged": [77], "4\u20135": [78], "years": [79], "participated": [80], "in": [81, 152, 177], "video-watching": [82], "activities": [83], "with": [84, 138], "CAs.": [85], "The": [86], "CAs\u2019": [87, 105], "increased": [89], "number": [91], "responsive": [93, 110], "improved": [96], "comprehension": [98, 120, 140], "story.": [102], "Furthermore,": [103], "questions": [106], "not": [107], "only": [108], "encouraged": [109], "but": [112], "also": [113], "elicited": [114], "content-related": [115], "leading": [117], "enhanced": [119], "transfer.": [123, 143], "Regardless": [124], "style": [127], "co-engagement,": [129], "frequency": [131], "was": [135], "positively": [136], "associated": [137], "These": [144], "findings": [145], "underscore": [146], "unique": [148], "role": [149], "CAs": [151, 171], "highlight": [157], "importance": [159], "active": [162], "utterances.": [163], "provides": [166], "valuable": [167], "insights": [168], "for": [169], "designing": [170], "support": [173], "video-based": [178], "contexts": [179], "effectively.": [180]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10709", "display_name": "Social Robot Interaction and HRI", "score": 0.4058000147342682, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3207", "display_name": "Social Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10709", "display_name": "Social Robot Interaction and HRI", "score": 0.4058000147342682, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3207", "display_name": "Social Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11902", "display_name": "Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning", "score": 0.3330000042915344, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12060", "display_name": "Child Development and Digital Technology", "score": 0.06920000165700912, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3304", "display_name": "Education"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1080/17482798.2025.2561039", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2025.2561039", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S199141608", "display_name": "Journal of Children and Media", "issn_l": "1748-2798", "issn": ["1748-2798", "1748-2801"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "jufo-1", "norway-1"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320547", "host_organization_name": "Taylor & Francis", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320547", "https://openalex.org/P4310320449"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Taylor & Francis", "Informa"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Journal of Children and Media", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4406857616", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3534197", "title": "Enhanced Emotion-Aware Conversational Agent: Analyzing User Behavioral Status for Tailored Reponses in Chatbot Interactions", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-01-01", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5054930513", "display_name": "S. Abinaya", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7957-7934", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7957-7934"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I876193797", "display_name": "Vellore Institute of Technology University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00qzypv28", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}], "countries": ["IN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "S. Abinaya", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, India"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7957-7934", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, India", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "K. S. Ashwin", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3525-287X", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3525-287X"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I876193797", "display_name": "Vellore Institute of Technology University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00qzypv28", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}], "countries": ["IN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "K. S. Ashwin", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, India"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3525-287X", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, India", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5039410557", "display_name": "A. Sherly Alphonse", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0019-9940", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0019-9940"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I876193797", "display_name": "Vellore Institute of Technology University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00qzypv28", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}], "countries": ["IN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "A. Sherly Alphonse", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, India"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0019-9940", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, India", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"While": [0], "chatbots": [1], "are": [2, 197], "increasingly": [3], "popular": [4], "for": [5, 148], "communication,": [6], "their": [7, 12], "effectiveness": [8], "is": [9, 56, 137], "limited": [10], "by": [11, 103, 139, 154], "difficulty": [13], "in": [14, 74, 84], "understanding": [15, 173], "users\u2019": [16, 95], "emotions.": [17, 159], "To": [18], "address": [19], "this,": [20], "this": [21], "study": [22], "proposes": [23], "a": [24, 57, 71, 107, 140, 171], "new": [25], "hybrid": [26], "chatbot": [27], "model": [28, 73, 145], "called": [29], "\u201cTEBC-Net\u201d": [30], "(Text": [31], "Emotion": [32], "Bert": [33], "CNN": [34], "Network),": [35], "which": [36], "combines": [37], "text": [38, 89, 165], "and": [39, 46, 124, 130, 166, 179, 200], "video": [40, 167], "analysis": [41, 60], "to": [42, 113, 157, 193], "interpret": [43], "user": [44], "emotions": [45], "generate": [47], "more": [48, 201], "empathetic": [49, 199], "responses.": [50], "At": [51], "the": [52, 119, 175, 186, 205], "core": [53], "of": [54, 174], "TEBC-Net": [55, 169], "multi-modal": [58], "emotion": [59, 115, 149], "system.": [61], "One": [62], "component": [63, 93], "uses": [64], "Bidirectional": [65], "Encoder": [66], "Representations": [67], "from": [68, 88, 163], "Transformers": [69], "(BERT),": [70], "well-regarded": [72], "natural": [75], "language": [76], "processing": [77], "(NLP),": [78], "achieving": [79], "an": [80], "87.21%": [81], "accuracy": [82, 153], "rate": [83], "detecting": [85, 104], "emotional": [86, 177, 207], "cues": [87], "inputs.": [90], "The": [91], "second": [92], "captures": [94], "facial": [96], "expressions": [97], "through": [98, 121], "webcam": [99], "footage.": [100], "It": [101], "begins": [102], "faces": [105], "using": [106], "pre-trained": [108], "classifier": [109], "like": [110], "Haarcascade.": [111], "Then,": [112], "improve": [114], "recognition,": [116, 150], "it": [117, 192], "preprocesses": [118], "image": [120, 136], "brightness": [122], "adjustments": [123], "contrast": [125], "enhancement": [126], "with": [127, 204], "Automatic": [128], "CLAHE": [129], "dual": [131], "gamma": [132], "correction.": [133], "This": [134, 181], "processed": [135], "analyzed": [138], "Convolutional": [141], "Neural": [142], "Network": [143], "(CNN)": [144], "trained": [146], "specifically": [147], "reaching": [151], "74.14%": [152], "assigning": [155], "probabilities": [156], "different": [158], "By": [160], "integrating": [161], "insights": [162], "both": [164, 198], "analysis,": [168], "gains": [170], "comprehensive": [172], "user\u2019s": [176, 206], "state": [178], "intent.": [180], "combined": [182], "data": [183], "then": [184], "informs": [185], "chatbot\u2019s": [187], "response": [188], "generation": [189], "module,": [190], "enabling": [191], "craft": [194], "responses": [195], "that": [196], "directly": [202], "aligned": [203], "needs.": [208]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10667", "display_name": "Emotion and Mood Recognition", "score": 0.9901999831199646, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3205", "display_name": "Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10667", "display_name": "Emotion and Mood Recognition", "score": 0.9901999831199646, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3205", "display_name": "Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10664", "display_name": "Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining", "score": 0.0032999999821186066, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.003100000089034438, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1109/access.2025.3534197", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3534197", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2485537415", "display_name": "IEEE Access", "issn_l": "2169-3536", "issn": ["2169-3536"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "doaj", "jufo-1", "ki-jl-1", "norway-1"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319808", "host_organization_name": "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "IEEE Access", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 20, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4414723583", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/2025.ld27506", "title": "A Review on Robot Dialogue Target Identification and Task-Oriented Interactive Systems in Linguistic Environments", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-10-01", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5084611601", "display_name": "Zixi Fu", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1549-9103", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1549-9103"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I184843921", "display_name": "Hebei University of Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/018hded08", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Zixi Fu", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Arizona Institute of Technology, Hebei University of Technology, XiPing Street, Tianjin, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Arizona Institute of Technology, Hebei University of Technology, XiPing Street, Tianjin, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5101064730", "display_name": "Xiaoxin Tian", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I43922553", "display_name": "Wuhan University of Science and Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/00e4hrk88", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I43922553"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Xiaoxin Tian", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I43922553"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"The": [0, 120], "evolution": [1], "of": [2, 93, 135, 137], "human-computer": [3], "interaction": [4], "into": [5], "open-domain": [6], "and": [7, 26, 65, 109, 142, 157, 168, 191, 199, 238], "multimodal": [8, 59, 222], "environments": [9], "has": [10], "introduced": [11], "significant": [12], "challenges": [13, 182], "for": [14, 177], "dialogue": [15, 43, 245], "systems,": [16], "including": [17], "semantic": [18, 60], "ambiguity": [19], "in": [20, 95, 116, 146, 152, 188], "complex": [21], "linguistic": [22], "contexts,": [23], "cultural": [24], "disparities,": [25], "the": [27, 86, 103, 175, 206, 243], "need": [28], "to": [29, 112, 124, 219, 265], "discern": [30], "implicit": [31], "user": [32], "intent.": [33], "Addressing": [34], "these": [35], "issues,": [36], "this": [37], "study": [38], "proposes": [39], "a": [40], "novel": [41], "adaptive": [42], "framework": [44], "that": [45, 72, 228, 260], "synergizes": [46], "symbolic": [47], "reasoning": [48], "with": [49, 129, 225], "embodied": [50], "environmental": [51, 127], "perception,": [52], "focusing": [53], "on": [54, 171], "three": [55], "core": [56], "technological": [57, 179], "advancements:": [58], "alignment,": [61], "dynamic": [62, 99], "contextual": [63], "reasoning,": [64], "elastic": [66, 121], "system": [67, 246], "architecture.": [68], "Experimental": [69], "validations": [70], "demonstrate": [71], "transformer-based": [73], "joint": [74], "representations": [75], "(e.g.,": [76, 102, 155], "ViLBERT),": [77], "when": [78], "enhanced": [79], "by": [80, 216, 252], "contrastive": [81], "learning": [82, 159], "strategies": [83], "such": [84, 194], "as": [85, 195], "ITM": [87], "loss": [88], "function,": [89], "achieve": [90], "an": [91, 255], "F1-score": [92], "91.2%": [94], "intent": [96], "recognition.": [97, 149], "Meanwhile,": [98], "attention": [100], "mechanisms": [101], "Flamingo": [104], "model)": [105], "leverage": [106], "interleaved": [107], "encoding": [108], "gated": [110], "interactions": [111], "attain": [113], "78.6%": [114], "accuracy": [115, 145], "temporally": [117], "dependent": [118], "tasks.": [119], "architecture,": [122], "designed": [123], "integrate": [125], "real-time": [126], "awareness": [128], "scenario-specific": [130], "comprehension,": [131], "enables": [132], "autonomous": [133], "resolution": [134], "40%": [136], "border": [138], "customer": [139], "service": [140], "inquiries": [141], "surpasses": [143], "90%": [144], "emergency": [147], "command": [148], "Further": [150], "advancements": [151], "model": [153], "compression": [154], "ADTDNN)": [156], "few-shot": [158], "techniques": [160], "facilitate": [161], "dialect": [162], "recognition": [163], "across": [164], "12": [165], "low-resource": [166], "languages": [167], "lightweight": [169], "deployment": [170], "edge": [172], "devices,": [173], "underscoring": [174], "potential": [176], "inclusive": [178], "accessibility.": [180], "Persistent": [181], "include": [183], "metaphor": [184], "interpretation,": [185], "long-form": [186], "coherence": [187], "text": [189], "generation,": [190], "ethical": [192], "concerns": [193], "data": [196], "privacy": [197], "breaches": [198], "algorithmic": [200], "bias,": [201], "alongside": [202], "societal": [203], "risks": [204], "like": [205], "widening": [207], "digital": [208], "divide.": [209], "Future": [210], "progress": [211], "necessitates": [212], "interdisciplinary": [213], "collaboration": [214], "informed": [215], "cognitive": [217], "science": [218], "decode": [220], "human": [221], "processing,": [223], "coupled": [224], "educational": [226], "reforms": [227], "bridge": [229], "technical": [230], "expertise": [231], "(\"technology": [232], "stacks\"),": [233], "scenario-driven": [234], "applications": [235], "(\"scenario": [236], "libraries\"),": [237], "toolchain": [239], "integration.": [240], "Projections": [241], "indicate": [242], "global": [244], "market": [247], "will": [248], "reach": [249], "$80": [250], "billion": [251], "2027,": [253], "catalyzing": [254], "\"AI-powered": [256], "language": [257], "services\"": [258], "paradigm": [259], "reshapes": [261], "industries": [262], "from": [263], "healthcare": [264], "cross-border": [266], "commerce.": [267]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 1.0, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 1.0, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 9.999999747378752e-05, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10181", "display_name": "Natural Language Processing Techniques", "score": 0.0, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.54254/2755-2721/2025.ld27506", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/2025.ld27506", "pdf_url": "https://www.ewadirect.com/proceedings/ace/article/view/27506/pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4387281889", "display_name": "Applied and Computational Engineering", "issn_l": "2755-2721", "issn": ["2755-2721", "2755-273X"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core"], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Applied and Computational Engineering", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4407159803", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.2196/60777", "title": "Improving the Implementation of Patient-Reported Outcome Measure in Clinical Practice: Tackling Current Challenges With Innovative Digital Communication Technologies", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-02-05", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5000687889", "display_name": "Kelly M. de Ligt", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9218-617X", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9218-617X"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I193700539", "display_name": "Tilburg University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04b8v1s79", "country_code": "NL", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I2898336195", "display_name": "The Netherlands Cancer Institute", "ror": "https://ror.org/03xqtf034", "country_code": "NL", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I2898336195"]}], "countries": ["NL"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Kelly M de Ligt", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Center of Research on Psychological and Somatic Disorders, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands", "Department of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9218-617X", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Center of Research on Psychological and Somatic Disorders, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I2898336195"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5079927332", "display_name": "Saar Hommes", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6473-5570", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6473-5570"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I193700539", "display_name": "Tilburg University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04b8v1s79", "country_code": "NL", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}], "countries": ["NL"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Saar Hommes", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department Communication and Cognition, Tilburg School of Humanities and Digital Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6473-5570", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department Communication and Cognition, Tilburg School of Humanities and Digital Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5072133286", "display_name": "Ruben Vromans", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8040-1207", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8040-1207"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I193700539", "display_name": "Tilburg University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04b8v1s79", "country_code": "NL", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}], "countries": ["NL"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ruben D Vromans", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department Communication and Cognition, Tilburg School of Humanities and Digital Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8040-1207", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department Communication and Cognition, Tilburg School of Humanities and Digital Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5033811999", "display_name": "Eva Boomstra", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4937-1656", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4937-1656"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I2898336195", "display_name": "The Netherlands Cancer Institute", "ror": "https://ror.org/03xqtf034", "country_code": "NL", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I2898336195"]}], "countries": ["NL"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Eva Boomstra", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4937-1656", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I2898336195"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5022008204", "display_name": "Lonneke Veronique van de Poll-Franse", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-6872", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-6872"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I193700539", "display_name": "Tilburg University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04b8v1s79", "country_code": "NL", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I2898336195", "display_name": "The Netherlands Cancer Institute", "ror": "https://ror.org/03xqtf034", "country_code": "NL", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I2898336195"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210142067", "display_name": "Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation", "ror": "https://ror.org/03g5hcd33", "country_code": "NL", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210142067"]}], "countries": ["NL"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Lonneke V van de Poll", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Center of Research on Psychological and Somatic Disorders, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands", "Department of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands", "Department of Research and Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation, Utrecht, Netherlands"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-6872", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Center of Research on Psychological and Somatic Disorders, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I2898336195"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Research and Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation, Utrecht, Netherlands", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210142067"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5069734813", "display_name": "Emiel Krahmer", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6304-7549", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6304-7549"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I193700539", "display_name": "Tilburg University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04b8v1s79", "country_code": "NL", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}], "countries": ["NL"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Emiel J Krahmer", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department Communication and Cognition, Tilburg School of Humanities and Digital Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6304-7549", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department Communication and Cognition, Tilburg School of Humanities and Digital Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Implementation": [0], "of": [1, 22, 120, 189], "patient-reported": [2, 54], "outcome": [3], "measures": [4], "(PROMs)": [5], "in": [6, 28, 76, 89, 99, 191], "clinical": [7, 20, 29], "practice": [8, 30], "is": [9, 15, 133], "challenging.": [10], "We": [11, 161], "believe": [12], "effective": [13], "communication": [14, 68, 106, 122, 131, 188], "key": [16], "to": [17, 40, 94, 110, 123, 127, 145, 159], "realizing": [18], "the": [19, 52, 118], "benefits": [21], "PROMs.": [23, 160], "Communication": [24], "processes": [25], "for": [26, 64, 83, 112], "PROMs": [27, 70, 125, 190], "typically": [31], "involve": [32], "(1)": [33], "health": [34, 65], "care": [35], "professionals": [36], "(HCPs)": [37], "inviting": [38], "patients": [39, 44, 50, 61, 74], "complete": [41], "PROMs,": [42, 46, 85], "(2)": [43], "completing": [45, 84], "(3)": [47], "HCPs": [48, 59], "and": [49, 57, 60, 81, 92, 96, 166, 182], "interpreting": [51], "resulting": [53], "outcomes": [55], "(PROs),": [56], "(4)": [58], "using": [62], "PROs": [63, 98], "management.": [66], "Yet,": [67], "around": [69], "remains": [71], "underexplored.": [72], "Importantly,": [73], "differ": [75], "their": [77, 90, 101, 150], "skills,": [78], "knowledge,": [79], "preferences,": [80], "motivations": [82], "as": [86, 88, 169], "well": [87], "ability": [91], "willingness": [93], "interpret": [95], "apply": [97], "managing": [100], "health.": [102], "Despite": [103, 149], "this,": [104], "current": [105], "practices": [107], "often": [108], "fail": [109], "account": [111], "these": [113, 152], "differences.": [114], "This": [115], "paper": [116], "highlights": [117], "importance": [119], "personalized": [121, 187], "make": [124], "accessible": [126], "diverse": [128], "populations.": [129], "Personalizing": [130], "manually": [132], "highly": [134], "labor-intensive,": [135], "but": [136], "several": [137], "digital": [138], "technologies": [139, 153], "can": [140, 185], "offer": [141], "a": [142], "feasible": [143], "solution": [144], "accommodate": [146], "various": [147], "patients.": [148], "potential,": [151], "have": [154], "not": [155], "yet": [156], "been": [157], "applied": [158], "explore": [162], "how": [163], "existing": [164], "principles": [165], "tools,": [167], "such": [168], "automatic": [170], "data-to-text": [171], "generation": [172], "(including": [173], "multimodal": [174], "outputs": [175], "like": [176], "text": [177], "combined": [178], "with": [179], "data": [180], "visualizations)": [181], "conversational": [183], "agents,": [184], "enable": [186], "practice.": [192]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11446", "display_name": "Mobile Health and mHealth Applications", "score": 0.42820000648498535, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3600", "display_name": "General Health Professions"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/36", "display_name": "Health Professions"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11446", "display_name": "Mobile Health and mHealth Applications", "score": 0.42820000648498535, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3600", "display_name": "General Health Professions"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/36", "display_name": "Health Professions"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10827", "display_name": "Patient-Provider Communication in Healthcare", "score": 0.12919999659061432, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3600", "display_name": "General Health Professions"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/36", "display_name": "Health Professions"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10350", "display_name": "Electronic Health Records Systems", "score": 0.11599999666213989, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3605", "display_name": "Health Information Management"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/36", "display_name": "Health Professions"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.2196/60777", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.2196/60777", "pdf_url": "https://www.jmir.org/2025/1/e60777/PDF", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S17147534", "display_name": "Journal of Medical Internet Research", "issn_l": "1438-8871", "issn": ["1438-8871", "1439-4456"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "doaj", "doyens", "jufo-2", "ki-jl-2", "medline", "norway-2"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320608", "host_organization_name": "JMIR Publications", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320608"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["JMIR Publications"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Journal of Medical Internet Research", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 19, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4410431873", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2415898122", "title": "The benefits and dangers of anthropomorphic conversational agents", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-05-16", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5086231131", "display_name": "Sandra Peter", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8431-7368", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8431-7368"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I129604602", "display_name": "The University of Sydney", "ror": "https://ror.org/0384j8v12", "country_code": "AU", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}], "countries": ["AU"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Sandra Peter", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["University of Sydney Business School, The University of Sydney"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Sydney Business School, The University of Sydney", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5039663862", "display_name": "Kai Riemer", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2348-8315", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2348-8315"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I129604602", "display_name": "The University of Sydney", "ror": "https://ror.org/0384j8v12", "country_code": "AU", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}], "countries": ["AU"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Kai Riemer", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["University of Sydney Business School, The University of Sydney"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2348-8315", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Sydney Business School, The University of Sydney", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5046879461", "display_name": "Jevin D. West", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4118-0322", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4118-0322"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I201448701", "display_name": "University of Washington", "ror": "https://ror.org/00cvxb145", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Jevin D. West", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Center for an Informed Public", "Information School", "University of Washington"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4118-0322", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Center for an Informed Public", "institution_ids": []}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Information School", "institution_ids": []}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Washington", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"A": [0], "growing": [1], "body": [2], "of": [3, 10, 62, 123, 147, 186], "research": [4, 220], "suggests": [5], "that": [6, 71, 85, 195], "the": [7, 60, 82, 97, 112, 120, 143, 156, 176], "recent": [8], "generation": [9], "large": [11], "language": [12], "model": [13], "(LLMs)": [14], "excel,": [15], "and": [16, 25, 33, 39, 145, 181, 189, 204, 207, 209, 211, 218], "in": [17, 128, 215], "many": [18, 83], "cases": [19], "outpace": [20], "humans,": [21], "at": [22, 27, 34, 191], "writing": [23], "persuasively": [24], "empathetically,": [26], "inferring": [28], "user": [29], "traits": [30], "from": [31, 76], "text,": [32], "mimicking": [35], "human-like": [36, 91, 101, 157], "conversation": [37], "believably": [38], "effectively-without": [40], "possessing": [41], "any": [42], "true": [43], "empathy": [44], "or": [45, 159], "social": [46], "understanding.": [47], "We": [48, 150, 193, 213], "refer": [49], "to": [50, 57, 65, 93, 104, 138, 163], "these": [51], "systems": [52, 64, 98], "as": [53], "\"anthropomorphic": [54], "conversational": [55], "agents\"": [56], "aptly": [58], "conceptualize": [59], "ability": [61, 80], "LLM-based": [63, 165], "mimic": [66], "human": [67, 77, 179], "communication": [68], "so": [69], "convincingly": [70], "they": [72], "become": [73], "increasingly": [74, 108], "indistinguishable": [75], "interlocutors.": [78], "This": [79], "challenges": [81], "efforts": [84], "caution": [86], "against": [87], "\"anthropomorphizing\"": [88], "LLMs,": [89], "attaching": [90], "qualities": [92], "nonhuman": [94], "entities.": [95], "When": [96, 172], "themselves": [99], "exhibit": [100], "qualities,": [102], "calls": [103], "resist": [105], "anthropomorphism": [106], "will": [107], "fall": [109], "flat.": [110], "While": [111], "AI": [113, 182], "industry": [114], "directs": [115], "much": [116], "effort": [117], "into": [118, 155], "improving": [119], "reasoning": [121], "abilities": [122, 130], "LLMs-with": [124], "mixed": [125], "results-the": [126], "progress": [127], "communicative": [129], "remains": [131], "underappreciated.": [132], "In": [133], "this": [134], "perspective,": [135], "we": [136, 153, 161, 196], "aim": [137, 162], "raise": [139], "awareness": [140], "for": [141], "both": [142], "benefits": [144], "dangers": [146], "anthropomorphic": [148, 170, 200], "agents.": [149], "ask:": [151], "should": [152, 160], "lean": [154], "abilities,": [158], "dehumanize": [164], "systems,": [166, 183], "given": [167], "concerns": [168], "over": [169], "seduction?": [171], "users": [173], "cannot": [174], "tell": [175], "difference": [177], "between": [178], "interlocutors": [180], "threats": [184], "emerge": [185], "deception,": [187], "manipulation,": [188], "disinformation": [190], "scale.": [192], "suggest": [194], "must": [197], "engage": [198], "with": [199], "agents": [201], "across": [202], "design": [203], "development,": [205], "deployment": [206], "use,": [208], "regulation": [210], "policy-making.": [212], "outline": [214], "detail": [216], "implications": [217], "associated": [219], "questions.": [221]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10883", "display_name": "Ethics and Social Impacts of AI", "score": 0.4616999924182892, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3311", "display_name": "Safety Research"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10883", "display_name": "Ethics and Social Impacts of AI", "score": 0.4616999924182892, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3311", "display_name": "Safety Research"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10709", "display_name": "Social Robot Interaction and HRI", "score": 0.31450000405311584, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3207", "display_name": "Social Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.12189999967813492, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1073/pnas.2415898122", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2415898122", "pdf_url": "https://www.pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.2415898122", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S125754415", "display_name": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences", "issn_l": "0027-8424", "issn": ["0027-8424", "1091-6490"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "doyens", "erih-plus", "jufo-3", "ki-jl-3", "medline", "norway-2"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320052", "host_organization_name": "National Academy of Sciences", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320052"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["National Academy of Sciences"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 109, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4416114401", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2503.04692", "title": "The Influence of Prior Discourse on Conversational Agent-Driven Decision-Making", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-03-06", "type": "preprint", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5123326905", "display_name": "Stephen Pilli", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1655-1782", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1655-1782"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Pilli, Stephen", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5025586338", "display_name": "Vivek Nallur", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0447-4150", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0447-4150"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Nallur, Vivek", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Persuasion": [0], "through": [1], "conversation": [2], "has": [3], "been": [4], "the": [5, 35, 47, 94], "focus": [6], "of": [7, 37, 43, 49, 97, 109], "much": [8], "research.": [9], "Nudging": [10], "is": [11], "a": [12, 62, 73, 80], "popular": [13], "strategy": [14], "to": [15, 71, 141], "influence": [16], "decision-making": [17, 54, 81], "in": [18, 106, 126], "physical": [19], "and": [20, 136], "digital": [21], "settings.": [22], "However,": [23], "conversational": [24, 57, 133], "agents": [25], "employing": [26], "\"nudging\"": [27], "have": [28], "not": [29], "received": [30], "significant": [31, 125], "attention.": [32], "We": [33], "explore": [34], "manifestation": [36], "cognitive": [38], "biases-the": [39], "underlying": [40, 95], "psychological": [41], "mechanisms": [42], "nudging-and": [44], "investigate": [45], "how": [46], "complexity": [48, 115], "prior": [50], "dialogue": [51], "tasks": [52], "impacts": [53], "facilitated": [55], "by": [56], "agents.": [58], "Our": [59, 100], "research": [60], "used": [61], "between-group": [63], "experimental": [64], "design,": [65], "involving": [66], "756": [67], "participants": [68], "randomly": [69], "assigned": [70], "either": [72], "simple": [74], "or": [75], "complex": [76], "task": [77, 114], "before": [78], "encountering": [79], "scenario.": [82], "Three": [83], "scenarios": [84], "were": [85], "adapted": [86], "from": [87], "Samuelson's": [88], "classic": [89], "experiments": [90], "on": [91], "status-quo": [92], "bias,": [93], "mechanism": [96], "default": [98], "nudges.": [99], "results": [101], "aligned": [102], "with": [103], "previous": [104], "studies": [105], "two": [107], "out": [108], "three": [110], "simple-task": [111], "scenarios.": [112], "Increasing": [113], "consistently": [116], "shifted": [117], "effect-sizes": [118], "toward": [119], "our": [120], "hypothesis,": [121], "though": [122], "bias": [123], "was": [124], "only": [127], "one": [128], "case.": [129], "These": [130], "findings": [131], "inform": [132], "nudging": [134], "strategies": [135], "highlight": [137], "inherent": [138], "biases": [139], "relevant": [140], "behavioural": [142], "economics.": [143]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10315", "display_name": "Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics", "score": 0.98580002784729, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1800", "display_name": "General Decision Sciences"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/18", "display_name": "Decision Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10315", "display_name": "Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics", "score": 0.98580002784729, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1800", "display_name": "General Decision Sciences"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/18", "display_name": "Decision Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.003800000064074993, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13841", "display_name": "Psychology of Social Influence", "score": 0.0027000000700354576, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3312", "display_name": "Sociology and Political Science"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2503.04692", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://arxiv.org/abs/2503.04692", "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2503.04692", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400194", "display_name": "arXiv (Cornell University)", "issn_l": "2331-8422", "issn": ["2331-8422"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I205783295", "host_organization_name": "Cornell University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I205783295"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "text"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4414425989", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2025.1590514", "title": "Exploring health professionals' views on the depiction of conversational agents as health professionals: a qualitative descriptive study", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-09-22", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5053874712", "display_name": "A. Luke MacNeill", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1927-4100", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1927-4100"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I106938459", "display_name": "University of New Brunswick", "ror": "https://ror.org/05nkf0n29", "country_code": "CA", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I106938459"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405260373", "display_name": "Centre for Research in Integrated Care", "ror": "https://ror.org/03ndnx171", "country_code": "CA", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I106938459", "https://openalex.org/I4405260373"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "A. Luke MacNeill", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Centre for Research in Integrated Care, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada", "Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Centre for Research in Integrated Care, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I106938459", "https://openalex.org/I4405260373"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I106938459"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5042148439", "display_name": "Lillian MacNeill", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6935-9802", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6935-9802"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I106938459", "display_name": "University of New Brunswick", "ror": "https://ror.org/05nkf0n29", "country_code": "CA", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I106938459"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405260373", "display_name": "Centre for Research in Integrated Care", "ror": "https://ror.org/03ndnx171", "country_code": "CA", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I106938459", "https://openalex.org/I4405260373"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Lillian MacNeill", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Centre for Research in Integrated Care, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada", "Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Centre for Research in Integrated Care, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I106938459", "https://openalex.org/I4405260373"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I106938459"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5034609651", "display_name": "Alison Luke", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2800-579X", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2800-579X"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I106938459", "display_name": "University of New Brunswick", "ror": "https://ror.org/05nkf0n29", "country_code": "CA", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I106938459"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405260373", "display_name": "Centre for Research in Integrated Care", "ror": "https://ror.org/03ndnx171", "country_code": "CA", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I106938459", "https://openalex.org/I4405260373"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Alison Luke", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Centre for Research in Integrated Care, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada", "Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Centre for Research in Integrated Care, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I106938459", "https://openalex.org/I4405260373"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I106938459"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5050702556", "display_name": "Shelley Anne Doucet", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4420-8199", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4420-8199"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I106938459", "display_name": "University of New Brunswick", "ror": "https://ror.org/05nkf0n29", "country_code": "CA", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I106938459"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405260373", "display_name": "Centre for Research in Integrated Care", "ror": "https://ror.org/03ndnx171", "country_code": "CA", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I106938459", "https://openalex.org/I4405260373"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Shelley Doucet", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Centre for Research in Integrated Care, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada", "Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Centre for Research in Integrated Care, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I106938459", "https://openalex.org/I4405260373"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I106938459"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Background:": [0], "Some": [1], "health": [2, 11, 34, 40, 55, 67, 98, 133, 160, 191, 205, 209, 223], "care": [3], "conversational": [4], "agents": [5], "(HCCAs)": [6], "are": [7, 42], "designed": [8], "to": [9, 51, 86, 106, 173, 187, 202], "simulate": [10], "professionals": [12, 41, 68, 134, 210], "in": [13, 194, 211], "terms": [14, 195], "of": [15, 31, 39, 95, 138, 159, 196, 200, 220, 235], "their": [16, 124, 171], "presentation": [17], "or": [18, 170], "appearance.": [19], "Research": [20], "suggests": [21], "that": [22, 129, 149, 182], "the": [23, 29, 37, 79, 93, 157, 218, 232], "public": [24], "has": [25], "favorable": [26], "views": [27, 38, 57, 216], "toward": [28, 217], "depiction": [30, 94, 219, 234], "HCCAs": [32, 96, 131, 189, 221, 236], "as": [33, 97, 132, 190, 222], "professionals,": [35, 161, 192], "but": [36], "less": [43], "clear.": [44], "We": [45], "conducted": [46], "a": [47, 136, 198], "qualitative": [48], "descriptive": [49], "study": [50, 213], "learn": [52], "more": [53], "about": [54], "professionals'": [56], "on": [58, 231], "this": [59, 212], "topic.": [60], "Methods:": [61], "Physicians,": [62], "nurses,": [63], "and": [64, 90, 104, 140, 239], "regulated": [65], "mental": [66], "were": [69, 75, 84, 101, 121, 146], "recruited": [70], "using": [71, 78], "web-based": [72], "methods.": [73], "Participants": [74, 127, 145], "interviewed": [76], "individually": [77], "Zoom": [80], "videoconferencing": [81], "platform.": [82], "They": [83], "asked": [85], "discuss": [87], "potential": [88], "benefits": [89, 186], "drawbacks": [91], "surrounding": [92, 167], "professionals.": [99, 224], "Interviews": [100], "transcribed": [102], "verbatim": [103], "uploaded": [105], "NVivo": [107], "(version": [108], "12;": [109], "QSR": [110], "International,": [111], "Inc)": [112], "for": [113], "thematic": [114], "analysis.": [115], "Results:": [116], "=": [117], "10.71).": [118], "Three": [119], "themes": [120], "developed": [122], "from": [123, 154], "interview": [125], "data.": [126], "said": [128], "portraying": [130], "is": [135], "form": [137], "misrepresentation": [139], "may": [141, 184, 227], "mislead": [142], "program": [143], "users.": [144], "also": [147], "concerned": [148], "these": [150, 168, 177], "depictions": [151], "could": [152], "draw": [153], "stereotypes": [155], "regarding": [156], "appearance": [158], "which": [162], "might": [163], "affect": [164], "people's": [165], "expectations": [166], "programs": [169], "willingness": [172], "use": [174], "them.": [175], "Despite": [176], "concerns,": [178], "some": [179], "participants": [180], "thought": [181], "there": [183], "be": [185], "depicting": [188], "particularly": [193], "providing": [197], "sense": [199], "reassurance": [201], "people": [203], "seeking": [204], "support.": [206], "Conclusions:": [207], "The": [208], "expressed": [214], "mixed": [215], "Their": [225], "insights": [226], "prompt": [228], "further": [229], "discussion": [230], "appropriate": [233], "among": [237], "developers": [238], "other": [240], "stakeholders.": [241]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10709", "display_name": "Social Robot Interaction and HRI", "score": 0.46630001068115234, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3207", "display_name": "Social Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10709", "display_name": "Social Robot Interaction and HRI", "score": 0.46630001068115234, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3207", "display_name": "Social Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11636", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education", "score": 0.4009000062942505, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2718", "display_name": "Health Informatics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11519", "display_name": "Digital Mental Health Interventions", "score": 0.03449999913573265, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3202", "display_name": "Applied Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.3389/fdgth.2025.1590514", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2025.1590514", "pdf_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/digital-health/articles/10.3389/fdgth.2025.1590514/pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210170686", "display_name": "Frontiers in Digital Health", "issn_l": "2673-253X", "issn": ["2673-253X"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "doaj", "norway-1"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320527", "host_organization_name": "Frontiers Media", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Frontiers Media"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Frontiers in Digital Health", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4412480817", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies13070306", "title": "A Design-Based Research Approach to Streamline the Integration of High-Tech Assistive Technologies in Speech and Language Therapy", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-07-16", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5081116913", "display_name": "Anna Kostadinova Lekova", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9012-4714", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9012-4714"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I24768866", "display_name": "Bulgarian Academy of Sciences", "ror": "https://ror.org/01x8hew03", "country_code": "BG", "type": "government", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I24768866"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4391767788", "display_name": "Institute of Robotics", "ror": "https://ror.org/002cfhw56", "country_code": null, "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I24768866", "https://openalex.org/I4391767788"]}], "countries": ["BG"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Anna Lekova", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Institute of Robotics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9012-4714", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Institute of Robotics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I24768866", "https://openalex.org/I4391767788"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5034471697", "display_name": "Paulina Tsvetkova", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5637-1925", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5637-1925"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I190032430", "display_name": "University of Library Studies and Information Technologies", "ror": "https://ror.org/001nkz398", "country_code": "BG", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I190032430"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I24768866", "display_name": "Bulgarian Academy of Sciences", "ror": "https://ror.org/01x8hew03", "country_code": "BG", "type": "government", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I24768866"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4391767788", "display_name": "Institute of Robotics", "ror": "https://ror.org/002cfhw56", "country_code": null, "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I24768866", "https://openalex.org/I4391767788"]}], "countries": ["BG"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Paulina Tsvetkova", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Faculty of Information Science, University of Library Studies and Information Technologies, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria", "Institute of Robotics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5637-1925", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Faculty of Information Science, University of Library Studies and Information Technologies, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I190032430"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Institute of Robotics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I24768866", "https://openalex.org/I4391767788"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5059052698", "display_name": "\u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u0410\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0435\u0432\u0430", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9001-0840", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9001-0840"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I168129107", "display_name": "South-West University \"Neofit Rilski\"", "ror": "https://ror.org/002wcjr61", "country_code": "BG", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I168129107"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I24768866", "display_name": "Bulgarian Academy of Sciences", "ror": "https://ror.org/01x8hew03", "country_code": "BG", "type": "government", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I24768866"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4391767788", "display_name": "Institute of Robotics", "ror": "https://ror.org/002cfhw56", "country_code": null, "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I24768866", "https://openalex.org/I4391767788"]}], "countries": ["BG"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Anna Andreeva", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Institute of Robotics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria", "Public Health, Health Care and Sport, South-West University, 2700 Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9001-0840", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Institute of Robotics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I24768866", "https://openalex.org/I4391767788"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Public Health, Health Care and Sport, South-West University, 2700 Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I168129107"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5017293573", "display_name": "Georgi Petrov Dimitrov", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4785-0702", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4785-0702"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I190032430", "display_name": "University of Library Studies and Information Technologies", "ror": "https://ror.org/001nkz398", "country_code": "BG", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I190032430"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I24768866", "display_name": "Bulgarian Academy of Sciences", "ror": "https://ror.org/01x8hew03", "country_code": "BG", "type": "government", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I24768866"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4391767788", "display_name": "Institute of Robotics", "ror": "https://ror.org/002cfhw56", "country_code": null, "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I24768866", "https://openalex.org/I4391767788"]}], "countries": ["BG"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Georgi Dimitrov", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Faculty of Information Science, University of Library Studies and Information Technologies, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria", "Institute of Robotics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4785-0702", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Faculty of Information Science, University of Library Studies and Information Technologies, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I190032430"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Institute of Robotics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I24768866", "https://openalex.org/I4391767788"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5065241391", "display_name": "Tanio K. Tanev", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8076-0928", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8076-0928"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I24768866", "display_name": "Bulgarian Academy of Sciences", "ror": "https://ror.org/01x8hew03", "country_code": "BG", "type": "government", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I24768866"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4391767788", "display_name": "Institute of Robotics", "ror": "https://ror.org/002cfhw56", "country_code": null, "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I24768866", "https://openalex.org/I4391767788"]}], "countries": ["BG"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Tanio Tanev", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Institute of Robotics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8076-0928", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Institute of Robotics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I24768866", "https://openalex.org/I4391767788"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5043807295", "display_name": "\u041c\u0438\u0433\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0421\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0655-6125", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0655-6125"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I168129107", "display_name": "South-West University \"Neofit Rilski\"", "ror": "https://ror.org/002wcjr61", "country_code": "BG", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I168129107"]}], "countries": ["BG"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Miglena Simonska", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Public Health, Health Care and Sport, South-West University, 2700 Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0655-6125", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Public Health, Health Care and Sport, South-West University, 2700 Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I168129107"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5102558686", "display_name": "Tsvetelin Stefanov", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4757-4698", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4757-4698"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I190032430", "display_name": "University of Library Studies and Information Technologies", "ror": "https://ror.org/001nkz398", "country_code": "BG", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I190032430"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I24768866", "display_name": "Bulgarian Academy of Sciences", "ror": "https://ror.org/01x8hew03", "country_code": "BG", "type": "government", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I24768866"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4391767788", "display_name": "Institute of Robotics", "ror": "https://ror.org/002cfhw56", "country_code": null, "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I24768866", "https://openalex.org/I4391767788"]}], "countries": ["BG"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Tsvetelin Stefanov", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Faculty of Information Science, University of Library Studies and Information Technologies, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria", "Institute of Robotics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Faculty of Information Science, University of Library Studies and Information Technologies, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I190032430"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Institute of Robotics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I24768866", "https://openalex.org/I4391767788"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5091528650", "display_name": "Vaska Stancheva-Popkostadinova", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9302-7282", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9302-7282"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I168129107", "display_name": "South-West University \"Neofit Rilski\"", "ror": "https://ror.org/002wcjr61", "country_code": "BG", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I168129107"]}], "countries": ["BG"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Vaska Stancheva-Popkostadinova", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Public Health, Health Care and Sport, South-West University, 2700 Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9302-7282", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Public Health, Health Care and Sport, South-West University, 2700 Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I168129107"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5046305665", "display_name": "Gergana Padareva-Ilieva", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5734-298X", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5734-298X"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I168129107", "display_name": "South-West University \"Neofit Rilski\"", "ror": "https://ror.org/002wcjr61", "country_code": "BG", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I168129107"]}], "countries": ["BG"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Gergana Padareva", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Faculty of Philology, South-West University, 2700 Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5734-298X", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Faculty of Philology, South-West University, 2700 Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I168129107"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5075582145", "display_name": "Katia Rasheva-Yordanova", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5859-9114", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5859-9114"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I190032430", "display_name": "University of Library Studies and Information Technologies", "ror": "https://ror.org/001nkz398", "country_code": "BG", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I190032430"]}], "countries": ["BG"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Katia Rasheva", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Faculty of Information Science, University of Library Studies and Information Technologies, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5859-9114", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Faculty of Information Science, University of Library Studies and Information Technologies, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I190032430"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5030638355", "display_name": "Adelina Kremenska", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4005-1781", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4005-1781"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I24768866", "display_name": "Bulgarian Academy of Sciences", "ror": "https://ror.org/01x8hew03", "country_code": "BG", "type": "government", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I24768866"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4391767788", "display_name": "Institute of Robotics", "ror": "https://ror.org/002cfhw56", "country_code": null, "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I24768866", "https://openalex.org/I4391767788"]}], "countries": ["BG"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Adelina Kremenska", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Institute of Robotics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4005-1781", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Institute of Robotics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I24768866", "https://openalex.org/I4391767788"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5064693444", "display_name": "Detelina Vitanova", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0458-4170", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0458-4170"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I190032430", "display_name": "University of Library Studies and Information Technologies", "ror": "https://ror.org/001nkz398", "country_code": "BG", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I190032430"]}], "countries": ["BG"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Detelina Vitanova", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Faculty of Information Science, University of Library Studies and Information Technologies, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0458-4170", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Faculty of Information Science, University of Library Studies and Information Technologies, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I190032430"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Currently,": [0], "high-tech": [1], "assistive": [2], "technologies": [3, 47], "(ATs),": [4], "particularly": [5], "Socially": [6], "Assistive": [7], "Robots": [8], "(SARs),": [9], "virtual": [10], "reality": [11], "(VR)": [12], "and": [13, 26, 54, 78, 82, 95, 132, 149, 168, 183, 221, 245, 270], "conversational": [14], "AI": [15], "(ConvAI),": [16], "are": [17], "considered": [18], "very": [19], "useful": [20], "in": [21, 24, 80, 223, 232, 266, 276], "supporting": [22], "professionals": [23], "Speech": [25], "Language": [27], "Therapy": [28], "(SLT)": [29], "for": [30, 92, 243, 261], "children": [31], "with": [32, 99, 107, 175, 197, 250], "communication": [33], "disorders.": [34], "However,": [35], "despite": [36], "a": [37, 55, 64, 83, 125], "positive": [38], "public": [39], "perception,": [40], "therapists": [41, 111], "face": [42], "difficulties": [43], "when": [44], "integrating": [45], "these": [46], "into": [48, 135], "practice": [49], "due": [50], "to": [51, 71, 112, 143, 186, 253], "technical": [52], "challenges": [53], "lack": [56], "of": [57, 75, 191, 204, 210, 240, 273], "user-friendly": [58], "interfaces.": [59], "To": [60], "address": [61], "this": [62], "gap,": [63], "design-based": [65], "research": [66], "approach": [67], "has": [68, 89], "been": [69, 90], "employed": [70], "streamline": [72], "the": [73, 163, 187, 192, 211, 214, 224, 233, 241, 254, 267, 277], "integration": [74], "SARs,": [76], "VR": [77, 133], "ConvAI": [79], "SLT,": [81], "new": [84], "software": [85], "platform": [86, 123, 155, 242], "called": [87], "\u201cATLog\u201d": [88], "developed": [91], "designing": [93], "interactive": [94, 116, 248], "playful": [96], "learning": [97], "scenarios": [98, 117, 134, 249], "ATs.": [100, 251], "ATLog\u2019s": [101, 219], "main": [102], "features": [103], "include": [104], "visual-based": [105], "programming": [106, 120], "graphical": [108, 140], "interface,": [109], "enabling": [110], "intuitively": [113], "create": [114], "personalized": [115, 247], "without": [118], "advanced": [119], "skills.": [121], "The": [122, 153], "follows": [124], "subprocess-oriented": [126], "design,": [127], "breaking": [128], "down": [129], "SAR": [130], "skills": [131], "microskills": [136], "represented": [137], "by": [138, 158], "pre-programmed": [139], "blocks,": [141], "tailored": [142], "specific": [144], "treatment": [145], "domains,": [146], "therapy": [147], "goals,": [148], "language": [150], "skill": [151], "levels.": [152], "ATLog": [154, 181, 196], "was": [156], "evaluated": [157, 195], "27": [159], "SLT": [160], "experts": [161, 193, 212, 257], "using": [162], "Technology": [164], "Acceptance": [165], "Model": [166], "(TAM)": [167], "System": [169], "Usability": [170], "Scale": [171], "(SUS)": [172], "questionnaires,": [173], "extended": [174], "additional": [176, 215], "questions": [177, 216], "specifically": [178], "focused": [179, 217], "on": [180, 218], "structure": [182, 220], "functionalities.": [184], "According": [185, 252], "SUS": [188], "results,": [189, 256], "most": [190], "(74%)": [194], "grades": [198, 260], "over": [199], "70,": [200], "indicating": [201], "high": [202, 259], "acceptance": [203, 239], "its": [205], "usability.": [206], "Over": [207], "half": [208], "(52%)": [209], "rated": [213, 230], "functionalities": [222], "A": [225, 268, 278], "range": [226, 235], "(90\u2013100),": [227], "while": [228], "26%": [229], "them": [231], "B": [234], "(80\u201389),": [236], "showing": [237], "strong": [238], "creating": [244], "running": [246], "TAM": [255], "gave": [258], "both": [262], "perceived": [263, 271], "usefulness": [264], "(44%": [265], "range)": [269], "ease": [272], "use": [274], "(63%": [275], "range).": [279]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12207", "display_name": "Assistive Technology in Communication and Mobility", "score": 0.8804000020027161, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3609", "display_name": "Occupational Therapy"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/36", "display_name": "Health Professions"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12207", "display_name": "Assistive Technology in Communication and Mobility", "score": 0.8804000020027161, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3609", "display_name": "Occupational Therapy"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/36", "display_name": "Health Professions"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10709", "display_name": "Social Robot Interaction and HRI", "score": 0.08919999748468399, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3207", "display_name": "Social Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10730", "display_name": "Language Development and Disorders", "score": 0.0052999998442828655, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3204", "display_name": "Developmental and Educational Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.3390/technologies13070306", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies13070306", "pdf_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7080/13/7/306/pdf?version=1752721097", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2738348041", "display_name": "Technologies", "issn_l": "2227-7080", "issn": ["2227-7080"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "doaj", "norway-1"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310310987", "host_organization_name": "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Technologies", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W7128398599", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.46647/xvszab68", "title": "A Cross-Domain Knowledge-Enhanced Framework for Fine-Grained Emotion-Cause Pair Extraction with Optimized Pre-training", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-11-24", "type": "article", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5125382443", "display_name": "B. Praveen Kumar", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "B. Kranthi Kumar", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5125388279", "display_name": "Prof. S. Aquter Babu", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Prof. S. Aquter Babu", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Textual": [0], "Emotion": [1, 31], "Cause": [2, 32], "Extraction": [3, 33, 61], "(TECE)": [4], "has": [5], "emerged": [6], "as": [7], "a": [8, 97, 196, 204, 213, 225], "critical": [9, 368], "task": [10], "in": [11, 23, 78, 341, 350], "natural": [12], "language": [13, 182], "processing,": [14], "enabling": [15, 124], "systems": [16], "to": [17], "identify": [18], "not": [19], "only": [20], "emotions": [21, 44], "expressed": [22], "text": [24], "but": [25], "also": [26], "their": [27, 55], "underlying": [28], "causes.": [29], "Traditional": [30], "(ECE)": [34], "methods": [35], "suffer": [36], "from": [37, 161], "two": [38], "fundamental": [39], "limitations:": [40], "dependency": [41], "on": [42, 255, 275, 284, 291, 333], "pre-annotated": [43], "and": [45, 51, 90, 117, 134, 146, 166, 174, 188, 224, 232, 249, 289, 309, 344, 360, 378], "separate": [46], "handling": [47, 327, 380], "of": [48, 273, 328, 381], "emotion": [49, 116, 167], "recognition": [50], "cause": [52, 118], "extraction,": [53, 83], "neglecting": [54], "interdependent": [56], "nature.": [57], "While": [58], "Emotion-Cause": [59], "Pair": [60], "(ECPE)": [62], "addresses": [63, 367], "these": [64], "issues": [65], "through": [66, 105, 169, 246], "joint": [67], "detection,": [68], "current": [69], "state-of-the-art": [70, 340], "approaches": [71], "face": [72], "persistent": [73], "challenges": [74], "including": [75], "error": [76], "propagation": [77], "two-step": [79], "pipelines,": [80], "coarse-grained": [81], "clause-level": [82], "limited": [84], "cross-domain": [85, 99, 128, 262, 285, 306], "generalization,": [86], "insufficient": [87], "knowledge": [88, 151, 162, 300, 323], "integration,": [89], "suboptimal": [91], "pre-training": [92, 177, 311], "strategies.": [93], "This": [94, 336], "paper": [95], "proposes": [96], "novel": [98], "knowledge-enhanced": [100], "framework": [101, 194, 267, 366], "that": [102, 113, 265, 299], "advances": [103, 338], "ECPE": [104, 277], "four": [106], "key": [107], "innovations:": [108], "(1)": [109], "fine-grained": [110, 314, 375], "span-level": [111, 292], "extraction": [112, 293, 315], "identifies": [114], "precise": [115, 318], "phrases": [119], "rather": [120], "than": [121], "entire": [122], "clauses,": [123], "aspect-level": [125, 319], "analysis;": [126], "(2)": [127], "adaptation": [129, 243, 307], "mechanisms": [130], "combining": [131, 179], "adversarial": [132], "training": [133], "domain-invariant": [135], "feature": [136], "learning": [137, 187], "for": [138, 211, 221, 348, 371], "effective": [139, 379], "transfer": [140], "across": [141, 373], "news,": [142], "social": [143, 357], "media,": [144], "reviews,": [145], "conversational": [147], "domains;": [148], "(3)": [149], "multi-source": [150], "injection": [152], "architecture": [153, 199], "integrating": [154], "linguistic": [155], "patterns,": [156], "discourse": [157, 189], "relations,": [158], "commonsense": [159, 240], "reasoning": [160], "bases": [163], "(ConceptNet,": [164], "ATOMIC),": [165], "lexicons": [168], "knowledge-aware": [170], "graph": [171], "attention": [172, 231], "networks;": [173], "(4)": [175], "optimized": [176, 310], "strategy": [178], "domain-adaptive": [180], "masked": [181], "modeling": [183], "with": [184, 200, 217, 239], "emotion-aware": [185], "contrastive": [186], "relation": [190], "prediction.": [191], "The": [192, 313, 364], "proposed": [193, 365], "employs": [195], "unified": [197], "end-to-end": [198], "three": [201], "core": [202], "modules:": [203], "Knowledge-Optimized": [205], "Pre-training": [206], "Layer": [207, 228], "using": [208, 229], "customized": [209], "objectives": [210], "TECE,": [212], "Span-Level": [214], "ECE": [215], "Module": [216], "multi-task": [218], "BIO": [219], "tagging": [220], "emotion/cause/aspect": [222], "spans,": [223], "Knowledge-Enhanced": [226], "Reasoning": [227], "dependency-based": [230], "knowledge-guided": [233], "GAT": [234], "over": [235, 281], "clause": [236], "graphs": [237], "enriched": [238], "concepts.": [241], "Cross-domain": [242], "is": [244], "achieved": [245], "domain": [247], "discriminators": [248], "parameter-efficient": [250], "domain-specific": [251], "adapters.": [252], "Comprehensive": [253], "experiments": [254], "benchmark": [256], "datasets": [257], "(ECPE-news,": [258], "enhanced": [259], "English": [260], "ECPE,": [261], "corpora)": [263], "demonstrate": [264], "our": [266], "achieves": [268], "significant": [269], "improvements:": [270], "F1": [271, 304], "scores": [272], "74.6%": [274], "standard": [276], "tasks": [278], "(4.2%": [279], "improvement": [280, 332], "state-of-the-art),": [282], "71.8%": [283], "scenarios": [286], "(6.8%": [287], "improvement),": [288], "78.3%": [290], "(5.1%": [294], "improvement).": [295], "Ablation": [296], "studies": [297], "validate": [298], "enhancement": [301, 324], "contributes": [302], "2.8%": [303], "gain,": [305], "3.2%,": [308], "2.1%.": [312], "capability": [316], "enables": [317], "emotion-cause": [320, 342, 384], "analysis,": [321], "while": [322], "significantly": [325], "improves": [326], "implicit": [329, 334, 383], "causality": [330], "(8.4%": [331], "examples).": [335], "work": [337], "the": [339], "analysis": [343], "establishes": [345], "practical": [346], "foundations": [347], "deployment": [349], "mental": [351], "health": [352], "monitoring,": [353], "customer": [354], "experience": [355], "management,": [356], "media": [358], "analytics,": [359], "intelligent": [361], "dialogue": [362], "systems.": [363], "real-world": [369], "requirements": [370], "robustness": [372], "domains,": [374], "actionable": [376], "insights,": [377], "complex": [382], "relationships.": [385]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10664", "display_name": "Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining", "score": 0.9932000041007996, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10664", "display_name": "Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining", "score": 0.9932000041007996, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10028", "display_name": "Topic Modeling", "score": 0.0044999998062849045, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10667", "display_name": "Emotion and Mood Recognition", "score": 0.0010000000474974513, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3205", "display_name": "Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.46647/xvszab68", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.46647/xvszab68", "pdf_url": "https://rdems.in/index.php/RDEMS/article/download/22/21", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S5407056652", "display_name": "Research Digest on Engineering Management and Social Innovations", "issn_l": "3117-4426", "issn": ["3117-4426"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Research Digest on Engineering Management and Social Innovations", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4415723336", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.52783/jisem.v10i61s.13328", "title": "Online Evaluation of Conversational Agents Using Machine-Learned Metrics", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-10-29", "type": "article", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5083456192", "display_name": "Guneet Singh Kohli", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4030-7253", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4030-7253"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Guneet Singh Kohli", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Independent Researcher , USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Independent Researcher , USA", "institution_ids": []}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"The": [0], "article": [1], "discusses": [2], "the": [3, 15, 41, 87, 94], "new": [4], "paradigm": [5], "of": [6, 17, 89, 96, 119, 169], "metrics": [7], "learned": [8], "by": [9, 185], "machines": [10], "to": [11, 84, 131, 144, 166, 173, 193], "be": [12], "used": [13], "in": [14, 20, 33, 38, 48, 72, 123, 162], "assessment": [16], "conversational": [18, 129], "agents": [19], "a": [21, 97, 154], "real-time": [22], "setting.": [23], "With": [24], "voice": [25], "assistants": [26], "and": [27, 52, 66, 101, 116, 171, 205], "chatbots": [28], "playing": [29], "an": [30], "ever-larger": [31], "role": [32], "human": [34, 145], "interactions": [35, 83], "with": [36, 157], "computers": [37], "many": [39], "domains,": [40], "classical": [42], "evaluation": [43, 70, 208], "techniques": [44], "are": [45, 57, 183], "fatally": [46], "limited": [47], "their": [49, 175], "range,": [50], "precision,": [51], "dynamism.": [53], "Manual": [54], "feedback": [55], "mechanisms": [56], "primarily": [58], "retrospective,": [59], "introducing": [60], "significant": [61], "delays": [62], "between": [63], "defect": [64], "identification": [65], "corrective": [67], "action.": [68], "Machine-learned": [69], "methods,": [71], "contrast,": [73], "utilize": [74], "computational": [75], "models": [76], "that": [77, 150], "have": [78, 153], "been": [79], "trained": [80], "over": [81], "historical": [82], "automatically": [85], "evaluate": [86], "satisfaction": [88], "users": [90], "solely": [91], "based": [92], "on": [93], "content": [95], "dialogue,": [98], "conversation": [99], "metadata,": [100], "behavioral": [102], "cues.": [103], "Hierarchical": [104], "systems": [105, 130], "process": [106], "information": [107], "at": [108], "multiple": [109], "temporal": [110], "resolutions.": [111], "This": [112], "enables": [113], "both": [114], "detailed": [115], "summary-level": [117], "evaluations": [118], "dialogue": [120], "quality.": [121], "Applied": [122], "real": [124], "time,": [125], "these": [126, 181], "measures": [127], "allow": [128], "adapt": [132], "dynamically": [133], "during": [134], "interactions.": [135], "Remediation": [136], "strategies": [137], "may": [138], "include": [139], "response": [140], "adjustment": [141], "or": [142], "escalation": [143], "operators.": [146], "Empirical": [147], "studies": [148], "explain": [149], "such": [151, 188], "approaches": [152], "stronger": [155], "association": [156], "user": [158, 203], "satisfaction,": [159], "spot": [160], "deficiencies": [161], "quality": [163], "earlier,": [164], "extrapolate": [165], "other": [167], "areas": [168], "application,": [170], "continue": [172], "enhance": [174], "performance": [176], "through": [177], "online": [178], "education.": [179], "However,": [180], "benefits": [182], "accompanied": [184], "major": [186], "challenges": [187], "as": [189], "ensuring": [190], "explainability,": [191], "adapting": [192], "cultural": [194], "contexts,": [195], "evaluating": [196], "multimodal": [197], "interactions,": [198], "modeling": [199], "long-term": [200], "engagement,": [201], "preserving": [202], "privacy,": [204], "establishing": [206], "standardized": [207], "frameworks.": [209]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.7939000129699707, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.7939000129699707, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.19099999964237213, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10470", "display_name": "Usability and User Interface Design", "score": 0.0034000000450760126, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1709", "display_name": "Human-Computer Interaction"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.52783/jisem.v10i61s.13328", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.52783/jisem.v10i61s.13328", "pdf_url": "https://jisem-journal.com/index.php/journal/article/download/13328/6230", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2737791640", "display_name": "Journal of Information Systems Engineering & Management", "issn_l": "2468-4376", "issn": ["2468-4376", "2468-2071"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320063", "host_organization_name": "Lectito Journals", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320063"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Lectito Journals"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Management", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4406739109", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1145/3712299", "title": "LLM-based Conversational AI Therapist for Daily Functioning Screening and Psychotherapeutic Intervention via Everyday Smart Devices", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-01-23", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5082699365", "display_name": "Jingping Nie", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9181-8398", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9181-8398"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I78577930", "display_name": "Columbia University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00hj8s172", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jingping Nie", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Columbia University, New York, NY, USA", "Columbia University, United States"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9181-8398", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Columbia University, New York, NY, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Columbia University, United States", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5057551129", "display_name": "Hanya Shao", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-1895", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-1895"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Hanya Shao", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Kensington Wellness, New York, NY, USA", "Kensington Wellness, United States"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-1895", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Kensington Wellness, New York, NY, USA", "institution_ids": []}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Kensington Wellness, United States", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5011397880", "display_name": "Yuang Fan", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0976-9292", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0976-9292"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I78577930", "display_name": "Columbia University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00hj8s172", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Yuang Fan", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Columbia University, New York, NY, USA", "Columbia University, United States"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0976-9292", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Columbia University, New York, NY, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Columbia University, United States", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5111151149", "display_name": "Qijia Shao", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2250-1549", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2250-1549"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I200769079", "display_name": "Hong Kong University of Science and Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/00q4vv597", "country_code": "HK", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}], "countries": ["HK"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Qijia Shao", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China", "The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, China"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2250-1549", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5104262021", "display_name": "Haoxuan You", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7912-4035", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7912-4035"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I78577930", "display_name": "Columbia University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00hj8s172", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Haoxuan You", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Columbia University, New York, NY, USA", "Columbia University, United States"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7912-4035", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Columbia University, New York, NY, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Columbia University, United States", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5077733546", "display_name": "Matthias Preindl", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6713-2978", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6713-2978"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I78577930", "display_name": "Columbia University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00hj8s172", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Matthias Preindl", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Columbia University, New York, NY, USA", "Columbia University, United States"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6713-2978", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Columbia University, New York, NY, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Columbia University, United States", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5063824268", "display_name": "Xiaofan Jiang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6480-0299", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6480-0299"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I78577930", "display_name": "Columbia University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00hj8s172", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Xiaofan Jiang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Columbia University, New York, NY, USA", "Columbia University, United States"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6480-0299", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Columbia University, New York, NY, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Columbia University, United States", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Despite": [0], "the": [1, 52, 78, 84, 100, 104, 127, 167, 174], "global": [2], "mental": [3, 46, 175], "health": [4, 47], "crisis,": [5], "access": [6], "to": [7, 43, 64, 172], "screenings,": [8], "professionals,": [9], "and": [10, 40, 57, 73, 96, 109, 120, 124, 132, 135, 154, 158, 163, 178, 180, 185], "treatments": [11], "remains": [12], "high.": [13], "In": [14], "collaboration": [15], "with": [16, 27, 149], "licensed": [17, 105], "psychotherapists,": [18, 106, 128], "we": [19, 107, 129], "propose": [20], "a": [21, 32], "C": [22], "onversational": [23], "AI": [24], "T": [25], "herapist": [26], "psychotherapeutic": [28, 58, 90, 160, 187], "I": [29], "nterventions": [30], "(CaiTI),": [31], "platform": [33], "that": [34, 145], "leverages": [35, 61], "large": [36], "language": [37], "models": [38], "(LLMs)": [39], "smart": [41], "devices": [42], "enable": [44], "better": [45], "self-care.": [48], "CaiTI": [49, 60, 69, 86, 131, 146, 170], "can": [50, 70, 87, 147], "screen": [51], "day-to-day": [53, 182], "functioning": [54, 183], "using": [55], "natural": [56], "conversations.": [59], "reinforcement": [62], "learning": [63], "provide": [65, 88, 159], "personalized": [66], "conversation": [67, 118], "flow.": [68], "accurately": [71, 152], "understand": [72, 153], "interpret": [74, 155], "user": [75, 79, 156], "responses.": [76], "When": [77], "needs": [80], "further": [81], "attention": [82], "during": [83], "conversation,": [85], "conversational": [89], "interventions,": [91], "including": [92], "cognitive": [93], "behavioral": [94], "therapy": [95, 176], "motivational": [97], "interviewing.": [98], "Leveraging": [99], "datasets": [101], "prepared": [102], "by": [103, 142], "experiment": [108], "microbenchmark": [110], "various": [111], "LLMs\u2019": [112], "performance": [113], "in": [114], "tasks": [115], "along": [116], "CaiTI\u2019s": [117], "flow": [119], "discuss": [121], "their": [122], "strengths": [123], "weaknesses.": [125], "With": [126], "implement": [130], "conduct": [133], "14-day": [134], "24-week": [136], "studies.": [137], "The": [138], "study": [139], "results,": [140], "validated": [141], "therapists,": [143], "demonstrate": [144], "converse": [148], "users": [150], "naturally,": [151], "responses,": [157], "interventions": [161], "appropriately": [162], "effectively.": [164], "We": [165], "showcase": [166], "potential": [168], "of": [169], "LLMs": [171], "assist": [173], "diagnosis": [177], "treatment": [179], "improve": [181], "screening": [184], "precautionary": [186], "intervention": [188], "systems.": [189]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11519", "display_name": "Digital Mental Health Interventions", "score": 0.9911999702453613, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3202", "display_name": "Applied Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11519", "display_name": "Digital Mental Health Interventions", "score": 0.9911999702453613, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3202", "display_name": "Applied Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11636", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education", "score": 0.0015999999595806003, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2718", "display_name": "Health Informatics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10667", "display_name": "Emotion and Mood Recognition", "score": 0.001500000013038516, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3205", "display_name": "Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1145/3712299", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1145/3712299", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210174653", "display_name": "ACM Transactions on Computing for Healthcare", "issn_l": "2637-8051", "issn": ["2637-8051", "2691-1957"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "jufo-1", "norway-1"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319798", "host_organization_name": "Association for Computing Machinery", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Association for Computing Machinery"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "ACM Transactions on Computing for Healthcare", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 28, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4410198593", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.05.07.25327180", "title": "Conversational AI Agent for Precision Oncology: AI-HOPE-WNT Integrates Clinical and Genomic Data to Investigate WNT Pathway Dysregulation in Colorectal Cancer", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-05-08", "type": "preprint", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5113468844", "display_name": "Ei-Wen Yang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9145-4082", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9145-4082"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ei-Wen Yang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Polyagent;"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9145-4082", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Polyagent;", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5077836653", "display_name": "Brigette Waldrup", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7620-1451", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7620-1451", "https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5991-9779"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I1301076528", "display_name": "City Of Hope National Medical Center", "ror": "https://ror.org/00w6g5w60", "country_code": "US", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1301076528"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210110459", "display_name": "City of Hope", "ror": "https://ror.org/01z1vct10", "country_code": "US", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1301076528", "https://openalex.org/I4210110459"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Brigette Waldrup", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["City of Hope"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7620-1451", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "City of Hope", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I1301076528", "https://openalex.org/I4210110459"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5030367465", "display_name": "Enrique I. Velazquez-Villarreal", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3603-6414", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3603-6414"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I1301076528", "display_name": "City Of Hope National Medical Center", "ror": "https://ror.org/00w6g5w60", "country_code": "US", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1301076528"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210110459", "display_name": "City of Hope", "ror": "https://ror.org/01z1vct10", "country_code": "US", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1301076528", "https://openalex.org/I4210110459"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Enrique Velazquez-Villarreal", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["City of Hope"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3603-6414", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "City of Hope", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I1301076528", "https://openalex.org/I4210110459"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Abstract": [0], "Introduction": [1], "The": [2], "WNT": [3, 26, 74, 94, 177, 206, 252, 447], "signaling": [4, 95, 448], "pathway": [5, 27, 75, 96, 178, 253, 449], "plays": [6], "a": [7, 49, 82, 101, 111, 117, 260, 326, 387, 413, 525, 535], "critical": [8], "role": [9], "in": [10, 18, 77, 97, 180, 255, 330, 392, 432, 451, 546], "colorectal": [11], "cancer": [12, 68], "(CRC)": [13], "initiation": [14], "and": [15, 31, 40, 116, 150, 156, 190, 195, 211, 229, 258, 345, 356, 362, 412, 456, 466, 520, 533, 542], "progression,": [16], "particularly": [17], "early-onset": [19, 256, 293, 433], "cases": [20, 332], "among": [21, 266, 368], "underserved": [22], "populations.": [23, 183, 478], "However,": [24], "exploring": [25], "alterations": [28, 179, 254, 474], "across": [29, 193, 349, 475], "clinical": [30, 465], "genomic": [32, 430, 467], "dimensions": [33], "remains": [34], "technically": [35], "complex,": [36], "limiting": [37], "translational": [38], "insights": [39], "personalized": [41], "strategies.": [42], "To": [43, 159], "address": [44], "this,": [45], "we": [46, 166, 214], "developed": [47, 444], "AI-HOPE-WNT,": [48], "conversational": [50, 84, 440], "artificial": [51], "intelligence": [52], "(AI)": [53], "agent": [54, 442], "purpose-built": [55, 83], "for": [56, 204, 492, 528, 538], "precision": [57, 488, 530], "oncology.": [58], "This": [59, 453], "system": [60], "enables": [61, 459], "interactive,": [62], "natural": [63, 112, 460], "language": [64, 108], "querying": [65], "of": [66, 92, 163, 172, 263, 397, 416, 428, 463], "public": [67], "genomics": [69], "datasets,": [70], "specifically": [71, 87, 443], "focusing": [72], "on": [73, 224], "dysregulation": [76, 91, 450], "CRC.": [78, 98, 434, 452, 547], "Methods": [79], "AI-HOPE-WNT": [80, 133, 216, 237, 436, 484, 523], "is": [81, 134, 437], "AI": [85, 441], "platform": [86, 287, 458], "designed": [88], "to": [89, 136, 217, 273, 309, 334, 421, 445, 487, 510, 515], "investigate": [90, 446], "the": [93, 104, 161, 164, 286, 426, 438], "Developed": [99], "using": [100], "modular": [102], "architecture,": [103], "tool": [105], "integrates": [106], "large": [107], "models": [109], "(LLMs),": [110], "language-to-code": [113], "translation": [114], "engine,": [115], "backend": [118], "statistical": [119], "workflow": [120], "that": [121], "interfaces": [122], "with": [123, 251, 278, 297, 370, 400], "harmonized": [124], "CRC": [125, 182, 257, 267, 294], "data": [126], "from": [127, 170, 242, 269], "cBioPortal.": [128], "Unlike": [129], "general-purpose": [130], "bioinformatics": [131, 482], "tools,": [132, 490], "optimized": [135], "support": [137], "WNT-focused": [138], "analyses,": [139, 236], "including": [140], "integrative": [141], "survival": [142, 186, 231, 248, 306, 328, 381, 408], "modeling,": [143], "mutation": [144, 201, 227, 354, 518], "frequency": [145, 202], "comparisons,": [146], "odds": [147, 415], "ratio": [148], "testing,": [149], "cohort": [151], "stratification": [152], "by": [153, 323], "clinical,": [154], "genomic,": [155], "demographic": [157], "variables.": [158], "demonstrate": [160, 506], "utility": [162], "platform,": [165], "replicated": [167], "key": [168, 205, 240], "findings": [169, 241], "two": [171], "our": [173, 279], "prior": [174, 243], "studies": [175, 498], "examining": [176], "high-risk": [181, 270], "These": [184], "included": [185], "analyses": [187, 203, 367, 505], "comparing": [188], "WNT-altered": [189], "wild-type": [191, 311, 423], "tumors": [192, 322, 336, 403], "ethnicity": [194], "age": [196], "subgroups,": [197], "as": [198, 200, 209], "well": [199], "genes": [207], "such": [208], "RNF43": [210, 264, 320], "AXIN2.": [212], "Finally,": [213], "used": [215], "generate": [218], "novel": [219, 290], "hypotheses": [220], "through": [221], "exploratory": [222, 284, 504], "queries": [223], "treatment": [225, 516], "response,": [226, 517], "co-occurrence,": [228, 519], "population-specific": [230], "trends.": [232], "Results": [233], "In": [234, 283], "recapitulation": [235], "effectively": [238], "reproduced": [239], "studies,": [244], "including:": [245], "(1)": [246], "improved": [247], "outcomes": [249, 307], "associated": [250], "(2)": [259], "higher": [261, 414], "prevalence": [262], "mutations": [265, 302, 372, 419], "patients": [268, 295, 369, 393], "populations": [271], "compared": [272, 308, 420], "lower-risk": [274], "groups\u2014both": [275], "trends": [276], "consistent": [277], "previously": [280], "published": [281, 497], "work.": [282], "mode,": [285], "identified": [288], "several": [289], "associations.": [291], "Among": [292], "treated": [296], "FOLFOX,": [298], "those": [299, 399], "harboring": [300, 417], "APC": [301, 310, 346, 418], "exhibited": [303], "significantly": [304, 405], "different": [305], "counterparts": [312], "(p": [313, 337, 383, 409], "=": [314, 338, 384, 410], "0.043).": [315], "A": [316], "separate": [317], "analysis": [318, 431, 462], "stratifying": [319], "-mutant": [321], "stage": [324], "revealed": [325], "significant": [327, 380], "disadvantage": [329], "metastatic": [331], "relative": [333], "primary": [335, 402], "0.028).": [339], "Further,": [340], "an": [341], "investigation": [342], "into": [343], "AXIN1": [344], "co-mutation": [347], "patterns": [348], "tumor": [350], "locations": [351], "uncovered": [352], "differential": [353], "enrichment": [355], "potential": [357], "prognostic": [358], "differences": [359], "between": [360], "colon": [361], "rectal": [363], "adenocarcinomas.": [364], "Notably,": [365], "gender-stratified": [366], "AXIN2": [371], "under": [373, 394], "varying": [374], "microsatellite": [375], "instability": [376], "(MSI)": [377], "statuses": [378], "demonstrated": [379], "variation": [382], "0.036),": [385], "suggesting": [386], "sex-specific": [388], "molecular": [389], "context.": [390], "Lastly,": [391], "50": [395], "years": [396], "age,": [398], "APC-mutated": [401], "had": [404], "worse": [406], "overall": [407], "0.031)": [411], "their": [422], "counterparts,": [424], "underscoring": [425], "importance": [427], "age-stratified": [429], "Conclusions": [435], "first": [439], "novel,": [454], "accessible,": [455], "scalable": [457], "language\u2013driven": [461], "integrated": [464], "data,": [468], "transforming": [469], "how": [470], "researchers": [471], "interrogate": [472], "WNT-specific": [473], "diverse": [476], "patient": [477], "By": [479], "automating": [480], "complex": [481], "workflows,": [483], "democratizes": [485], "access": [486], "oncology": [489], "especially": [491], "non-programming": [493], "users.": [494], "Capitulation": [495], "against": [496], "confirms": [499], "its": [500, 507], "analytical": [501], "rigor,": [502], "while": [503], "unique": [508], "capacity": [509], "uncover": [511], "new": [512, 526], "associations": [513], "related": [514], "health": [521], "disparities.": [522], "establishes": [524], "paradigm": [527], "pathway-specific": [529], "medicine": [531], "research": [532], "offers": [534], "powerful": [536], "foundation": [537], "future": [539], "biomarker": [540], "discovery": [541], "targeted": [543], "therapeutic": [544], "strategies": [545]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10929", "display_name": "Wnt/\u03b2-catenin signaling in development and cancer", "score": 0.33719998598098755, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1312", "display_name": "Molecular Biology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/13", "display_name": "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/1", "display_name": "Life Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10929", "display_name": "Wnt/\u03b2-catenin signaling in development and cancer", "score": 0.33719998598098755, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1312", "display_name": "Molecular Biology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/13", "display_name": "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/1", "display_name": "Life Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11287", "display_name": "Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics", "score": 0.2134999930858612, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1306", "display_name": "Cancer Research"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/13", "display_name": "Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/1", "display_name": "Life Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11636", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education", "score": 0.12710000574588776, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2718", "display_name": "Health Informatics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1101/2025.05.07.25327180", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.05.07.25327180", "pdf_url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2025/05/08/2025.05.07.25327180.full.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S3005729997", "display_name": "medRxiv", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core"], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "acceptedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "medRxiv", "raw_type": "posted-content"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W7111050169", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17855976", "title": "Flare: A Boundary Engine for Relational AI", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-12-08", "type": "preprint", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Stevens, Kirstin", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Stevens, Kirstin", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Eve, \u00b9\u00b9", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Eve, \u00b9\u00b9", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "The Novacene", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "The Novacene", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"This": [0, 264], "paper": [1], "introduces": [2], "Flare,": [3], "an": [4, 103, 253], "open-source": [5], "boundary": [6, 185, 240, 296], "engine": [7, 249], "designed": [8], "to": [9, 59], "sit": [10], "between": [11], "human": [12], "users": [13], "and": [14, 19, 94, 120, 132, 136, 147, 182, 198, 208, 211, 220, 227, 236, 244, 259, 271, 288], "large": [15], "language": [16], "models": [17], "(LLMs)": [18], "enforce": [20], "a": [21, 45, 71, 90, 134, 152, 174, 179, 191, 268, 272], "minimal": [22], "set": [23], "of": [24, 126, 156, 187, 276], "relational": [25, 175, 234], "safeguards": [26], "during": [27], "conversational": [28, 142, 304], "interaction.": [29], "Rather": [30], "than": [31, 160, 178], "implementing": [32], "safety": [33, 197, 235], "solely": [34], "through": [35], "model": [36, 53, 100, 112], "training": [37], "or": [38, 51, 118], "offline": [39], "policy": [40], "documents,": [41], "Flare": [42, 164, 248], "operates": [43], "as": [44, 173], "middleware": [46], "layer": [47, 193], "that": [48, 109, 184, 286], "inspects,": [49], "transforms,": [50], "blocks": [52, 107], "outputs": [54], "in": [55, 194, 216], "real": [56], "time": [57], "according": [58], "explicit,": [60], "inspectable": [61], "rules.": [62], "The": [63, 247], "current": [64, 195], "implementation": [65, 206], "encodes": [66], "three": [67], "core": [68], "protections:": [69], "(1)": [70], "\u201cno": [72], "fake": [73], "we\u201d": [74], "rule,": [75], "derived": [76], "from": [77, 88], "the": [78, 111, 114, 127, 166, 203, 277, 281], "Synthetic": [79], "Solidarity": [80], "Null": [81], "Zones": [82], "(SSNZ)": [83], "protocol,": [84], "which": [85, 106, 140, 170], "prevents": [86], "LLMs": [87], "claiming": [89], "fused": [91], "human\u2013machine": [92], "\u201cwe\u201d": [93], "rewrites": [95], "such": [96], "claims": [97], "into": [98, 242], "first-person": [99], "statements;": [101], "(2)": [102], "identity-fusion": [104], "guard,": [105], "phrases": [108], "suggest": [110], "shares": [113], "user\u2019s": [115], "mind,": [116], "body,": [117], "identity,": [119], "replaces": [121], "them": [122], "with": [123, 257, 280], "clarifying": [124], "descriptions": [125], "system\u2019s": [128], "actual": [129], "ontological": [130], "status;": [131], "(3)": [133], "recursion": [135], "loop": [137, 153], "aware": [138], "check,": [139], "monitors": [141], "depth": [143], "around": [144], "repeated": [145], "topics": [146], "injects": [148], "grounding": [149], "prompts": [150], "when": [151], "shows": [154], "signs": [155], "becoming": [157], "compulsive": [158], "rather": [159, 177], "reflective.": [161], "We": [162, 201], "situate": [163], "within": [165], "broader": [167], "Verse-ality": [168], "framework,": [169], "treats": [171], "intelligence": [172], "field": [176], "discrete": [180], "asset,": [181], "argue": [183], "engines": [186, 241], "this": [188], "kind": [189], "are": [190], "missing": [192], "AI": [196, 298], "alignment": [199], "stacks.": [200], "present": [202], "system": [204], "architecture,": [205], "details,": [207], "reference": [209], "ruleset,": [210], "discuss": [212], "early": [213], "application": [214], "scenarios": [215], "education,": [217], "mental-health-adjacent": [218], "tooling,": [219], "research": [221], "environments.": [222], "Finally,": [223], "we": [224], "outline": [225], "limitations": [226], "future": [228], "directions,": [229], "including": [230], "evaluation": [231], "metrics": [232], "for": [233, 238], "pathways": [237], "integrating": [239], "regulatory": [243], "audit": [245], "practices.": [246], "is": [250], "released": [251], "under": [252], "open,": [254], "copyleft": [255], "licence,": [256], "code": [258, 289], "documentation": [260, 287], "available": [261], "at:": [262], "https://github.com/TheNovacene/flare-boundary-engine": [263], "record": [265], "provides": [266], "both": [267], "human-readable": [269], "PDF": [270], "machine-friendly": [273], "Markdown": [274], "version": [275], "whitepaper,": [278], "aligned": [279], "flare-boundary-engine": [282], "GitHub": [283], "repository": [284], "so": [285], "evolve": [290], "together.": [291], "Keywords:relational": [292], "AI,": [293], "synthetic": [294], "intimacy,": [295], "engine,": [297], "safety,": [299], "consent": [300], "infrastructure,": [301], "verse-ality,": [302], "SSNZ,": [303], "agents,": [305], "mental": [306], "health,": [307], "education": [308], "technology.": [309]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10883", "display_name": "Ethics and Social Impacts of AI", "score": 0.9961000084877014, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3311", "display_name": "Safety Research"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10883", "display_name": "Ethics and Social Impacts of AI", "score": 0.9961000084877014, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3311", "display_name": "Safety Research"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.0006000000284984708, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13308", "display_name": "Cybernetics and Technology in Society", "score": 0.0003000000142492354, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1207", "display_name": "History and Philosophy of Science"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/12", "display_name": "Arts and Humanities"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.5281/zenodo.17855976", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17855976", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400562", "display_name": "Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I67311998", "host_organization_name": "European Organization for Nuclear Research", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I67311998"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": null, "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "Preprint"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4416299562", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.48047/jocaaa.2025.34.11.14", "title": "Semantic Consistency Testing in Large Language Model-Based Conversational Systems", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-10-25", "type": "article", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Yash Panjari", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Yash Panjari", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Independent Researcher , USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Independent Researcher , USA", "institution_ids": []}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Large": [0], "Language": [1], "Models": [2], "have": [3], "transformed": [4], "conversational": [5], "AI": [6], "systems,": [7], "making": [8], "human-computerinteractions": [9], "more": [10], "natural": [11, 17], "and": [12], "contextually": [13], "informed": [14], "through": [15], "high-fidelity": [16], "language": [18], "understandingand": [19], "generation": [20], "abilities.": [21]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9063000082969666, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9063000082969666, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10028", "display_name": "Topic Modeling", "score": 0.050700001418590546, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10181", "display_name": "Natural Language Processing Techniques", "score": 0.03220000118017197, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.48047/jocaaa.2025.34.11.14", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.48047/jocaaa.2025.34.11.14", "pdf_url": "https://www.eudoxuspress.com/index.php/pub/article/download/4109/2993", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S23262349", "display_name": "Journal of Computational Analysis and Applications", "issn_l": "1521-1398", "issn": ["1521-1398", "1572-9206"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": ["jufo-1", "norway-1"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319900", "host_organization_name": "Springer Science+Business Media", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319900", "https://openalex.org/P4310319965"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Springer Science+Business Media", "Springer Nature"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Journal of Computational Analysis and Applications", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4413908086", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.2196/preprints.83396", "title": "Multimodal Emotion Recognition and Human Computer Interaction for AI-Driven Mental Health Support (Preprint)", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-09-02", "type": "preprint", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5037965692", "display_name": "Idowu Olugbenga Adewumi", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7005-3306", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7005-3306"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Idowu Adewumi", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE Federal College of Agriculture Ibadan Nigeria 234001", "DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE Federal College of Agriculture Ibadan Nigeria FEDERAL COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE Ibadan 234001 NG"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7005-3306", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE Federal College of Agriculture Ibadan Nigeria 234001", "institution_ids": []}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE Federal College of Agriculture Ibadan Nigeria FEDERAL COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE Ibadan 234001 NG", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5037965692", "display_name": "Idowu Olugbenga Adewumi", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7005-3306", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7005-3306"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Idowu Olugbenga Adewumi", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE Federal College of Agriculture Ibadan Nigeria 234001", "DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE Federal College of Agriculture Ibadan Nigeria FEDERAL COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE Ibadan 234001 NG"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE Federal College of Agriculture Ibadan Nigeria 234001", "institution_ids": []}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE Federal College of Agriculture Ibadan Nigeria FEDERAL COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE Ibadan 234001 NG", "institution_ids": []}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"BACKGROUND": [0], "Mental": [1, 380], "health": [2, 11, 89, 116, 130, 195, 327, 359, 395, 507, 527, 544, 635, 672, 840, 928, 1002], "has": [3, 99, 231, 246, 385, 518, 583, 745], "become": [4], "one": [5], "of": [6, 13, 48, 56, 110, 120, 175, 201, 225, 238, 303, 325, 356, 412, 481, 525, 598, 631, 669, 682, 687, 715, 738, 765, 871, 887, 914, 1083, 1176], "the": [7, 14, 42, 66, 78, 108, 135, 190, 199, 218, 223, 236, 311, 323, 350, 354, 410, 495, 521, 665, 754, 763, 805, 907, 912, 987, 1049, 1056, 1066, 1080], "most": [8, 43], "urgent": [9], "global": [10, 1044], "issues": [12], "twenty-first": [15], "century.": [16], "The": [17, 46, 629, 850, 960, 1090, 1218, 1234, 1282], "World": [18], "Health": [19, 381, 1057], "Organization": [20], "(WHO)": [21], "reports": [22], "that": [23, 85, 193, 252, 259, 295, 361, 471, 531, 553, 562, 605, 726, 827, 842, 900, 938, 991, 1246], "over": [24], "970": [25], "million": [26], "individuals": [27], "globally": [28], "were": [29], "affected": [30], "by": [31, 53, 858, 1100], "a": [32, 123, 184, 292, 390, 618, 802, 884, 935], "mental": [33, 49, 63, 88, 129, 194, 272, 358, 394, 506, 543, 634, 671, 839, 927, 1001], "disorder": [34], "in": [35, 103, 183, 271, 298, 379, 505, 513, 539, 592, 617, 633, 644, 760, 801, 804, 917, 925, 980], "2022,": [36], "with": [37, 62, 107, 301, 310, 346, 478, 560, 612, 679, 831, 948, 1180], "depression": [38], "and": [39, 65, 72, 114, 138, 161, 178, 189, 211, 227, 257, 264, 277, 285, 328, 330, 338, 371, 399, 406, 421, 457, 476, 501, 523, 534, 569, 580, 590, 623, 667, 692, 711, 734, 750, 758, 817, 846, 879, 904, 922, 958, 973, 1006, 1020, 1025, 1030, 1055, 1060, 1071, 1115, 1122, 1147, 1154, 1169, 1193, 1204, 1210, 1225, 1243, 1249, 1278], "anxiety": [40, 477], "being": [41], "common": [44], "disorders.": [45], "strain": [47], "illness": [50], "is": [51, 268, 769, 1221], "heightened": [52], "restricted": [54], "availability": [55], "qualified": [57], "healthcare": [58, 593, 761], "providers,": [59], "stigma": [60, 278], "associated": [61, 1179], "health,": [64, 273], "growing": [67], "need": [68, 755], "for": [69, 81, 335, 447, 453, 460, 469, 756, 944, 1096, 1157, 1173], "accessible,": [70], "affordable,": [71], "scalable": [73, 398], "solutions.": [74, 117, 402], "These": [75, 465], "obstacles": [76], "emphasize": [77, 753, 901], "immediate": [79], "necessity": [80], "creative,": [82], "tech-based": [83], "approaches": [84], "can": [86, 472], "foster": [87], "among": [90], "various": [91, 422, 731], "communities.": [92], "In": [93, 118, 198, 596], "recent": [94], "times,": [95], "artificial": [96], "intelligence": [97, 383], "(AI)": [98, 384], "demonstrated": [100, 552], "considerable": [101], "promise": [102], "this": [104, 289, 823, 856], "area,": [105], "especially": [106, 269, 652], "creation": [109, 355], "emotion": [111, 239, 437, 454, 609, 645, 743, 810, 873, 946, 984, 1035, 1212], "detection": [112, 455, 1175], "systems": [113, 170, 470, 728, 812, 916], "digital": [115, 204, 357, 401, 526, 838, 926], "spite": [119, 597], "these": [121, 485, 599, 722, 766, 915], "improvements,": [122], "significant": [124, 537, 638, 677, 747], "drawback": [125], "remains:": [126], "numerous": [127], "AI-based": [128, 742], "tools": [131, 487, 561], "do": [132, 700], "not": [133, 363, 701, 793], "possess": [134], "required": [136], "empathy": [137, 757, 924, 1248], "inclusiveness": [139], "to": [140, 353, 392, 415, 497, 558, 586, 675, 720, 730, 836, 854, 866, 882, 894, 910, 1043, 1078, 1119, 1151, 1198, 1265, 1272], "effectively": [141], "assist": [142], "at-risk": [143], "users.": [144], "Although": [145, 741], "machine": [146, 431, 940], "learning": [147, 432, 941, 1135], "(ML)": [148, 433, 942], "models": [149, 434, 647, 705, 869, 952, 1095, 1136, 1166], "are": [150, 362, 555, 602, 718, 813, 834, 843, 1074, 1117, 1149, 1171, 1196, 1263], "becoming": [151], "more": [152, 556, 1208], "proficient": [153], "at": [154, 222, 436, 954], "accurately": [155], "identifying": [156], "emotions": [157, 1182], "through": [158], "text,": [159], "voice,": [160, 578], "facial": [162, 462, 880, 1027, 1177], "expressions,": [163], "their": [164, 213], "incorporation": [165], "into": [166], "human\u2013computer": [167, 949], "interaction": [168, 516, 576, 950], "(HCI)": [169, 517, 951], "frequently": [171, 699], "overlooks": [172], "crucial": [173, 719], "aspects": [174], "trust,": [176, 256, 532, 920], "empathy,": [177, 533, 956], "cultural": [179, 659], "awareness.": [180], "This": [181, 266, 306, 799, 932], "results": [182, 800], "divide": [185], "between": [186, 620], "technological": [187], "effectiveness": [188, 913], "human-focused": [191], "care": [192], "treatments": [196], "require.": [197], "absence": [200], "empathetic": [202, 304, 347, 502, 613, 790, 816, 1224], "design,": [203, 972], "solutions": [205, 360, 841], "may": [206], "alienate": [207], "users,": [208], "decrease": [209], "engagement,": [210, 921], "diminish": [212], "possible": [214], "clinical": [215], "effectiveness.": [216], "Consequently,": [217], "research": [219, 230, 307, 933, 988], "gap": [220, 290], "exists": [221], "convergence": [224, 764], "ML": [226, 344, 797, 868, 1091], "HCI.": [228], "Current": [229], "mainly": [232], "centered": [233], "on": [234, 249, 282, 549, 778, 876], "enhancing": [235, 779], "efficiency": [237], "recognition": [240, 438, 610, 646, 744, 811, 985, 1036], "algorithms,": [241], "but": [242, 367], "considerably": [243], "less": [244], "emphasis": [245], "been": [247, 386, 584, 649], "placed": [248], "creating": [250, 981], "interfaces": [251, 572, 899], "promote": [253], "inclusivity,": [254, 902, 957], "establish": [255], "guarantee": [258, 1079], "users": [260, 550, 698, 1271], "feel": [261], "truly": [262], "understood": [263], "supported.": [265], "disparity": [267], "important": [270], "where": [274, 807], "emotional": [275, 571, 1125, 1250], "sensitivity": [276], "require": [279], "careful": [280], "focus": [281], "user": [283, 588, 785, 888, 919, 1023, 1219], "experience": [284, 589], "ethical": [286, 639, 1081], "factors.": [287], "Closing": [288], "necessitates": [291], "multidisciplinary": [293, 936], "strategy": [294], "integrates": [296], "progress": [297], "affective": [299, 621, 829, 889, 1017, 1158], "computing": [300, 622, 830], "principles": [302], "design.": [305, 625], "aligns": [308], "directly": [309], "United": [312], "Nations": [313], "Sustainable": [314], "Development": [315], "Goals": [316], "(SDGs),": [317], "particularly": [318], "SDG": [319, 331], "3,": [320], "which": [321, 333], "emphasizes": [322], "promotion": [324], "good": [326], "well-being,": [329], "16,": [332], "advocates": [334], "inclusive,": [336], "just,": [337], "responsive": [339, 1244], "institutions.": [340], "By": [341], "integrating": [342], "robust": [343], "techniques": [345, 1257], "HCI": [348, 511, 614, 751, 819, 898, 971, 1215, 1227], "frameworks,": [349, 615], "study": [351, 852, 908], "contributes": [352], "only": [364], "technically": [365, 808], "sophisticated": [366], "also": [368, 636], "socially": [369], "responsible": [370], "ethically": [372, 847, 1021], "grounded.": [373], "II.": [374], "Related": [375], "Work": [376], "A.": [377, 975], "AI": [378, 486, 632, 704, 727, 1256], "Artificial": [382], "progressively": [387], "examined": [388], "as": [389, 697, 1048, 1112, 1138], "way": [391], "enhance": [393, 1266], "assistance": [396], "via": [397, 425], "accessible": [400, 1016], "Chatbots": [403], "like": [404, 542], "Woebot": [405], "Wysa": [407], "have": [408, 439, 467, 551, 648], "shown": [409, 585], "ability": [411], "conversational": [413, 1241], "agents": [414], "provide": [416], "cognitive": [417], "behavioral": [418], "therapy": [419], "(CBT)": [420], "therapeutic": [423], "methods": [424, 547, 943], "text": [426, 996], "interactions": [427, 1245], "[1],": [428], "[2].": [429], "Likewise,": [430, 664], "aimed": [435, 953], "progressed": [440], "notably,": [441], "utilizing": [442, 577, 794], "natural": [443], "language": [444], "processing": [445, 452], "(NLP)": [446], "sentiment": [448, 1121], "evaluation": [449], "[3],": [450], "speech": [451, 1018], "[4],": [456], "computer": [458, 515], "vision": [459], "recognizing": [461], "expressions": [463, 1178], "[5].": [464], "advancements": [466], "allowed": [468], "identify": [473], "stress,": [474], "depression,": [475], "promising": [479], "degrees": [480], "precision.": [482], "Nevertheless,": [483], "although": [484], "show": [488], "impressive": [489], "technical": [490, 748], "skills,": [491], "many": [492], "still": [493, 770], "lack": [494, 655], "capacity": [496], "offer": [498, 563], "emotionally": [499], "intelligent": [500], "assistance,": [503], "essential": [504, 965], "situations.": [508], "B.": [509, 1086], "Health-focused": [510], "Research": [512, 529, 739], "human": [514], "greatly": [519], "enhanced": [520], "usability": [522], "acceptance": [524, 712], "systems.": [528], "highlights": [530], "inclusivity": [535, 759], "hold": [536], "importance": [538], "delicate": [540], "areas": [541], "[6].": [545], "Design": [546, 1216], "focused": [548], "patients": [554], "inclined": [557], "interact": [559], "individualized": [564], "feedback,": [565], "culturally": [566], "relevant": [567], "material,": [568], "supportive": [570], "[7].": [573], "Additionally,": [574], "multimodal": [575, 796, 872, 945, 983, 1101], "gesture,": [579], "visual": [581, 1205], "feedback": [582], "improve": [587], "accessibility": [591, 1287], "technology": [594], "[8].": [595], "developments,": [600], "there": [601], "limited": [603], "studies": [604, 752, 775], "explicitly": [606], "merge": [607, 828], "strong": [608, 982], "abilities": [611], "resulting": [616], "disconnect": [619], "inclusive": [624, 716, 1226], "C.": [626, 1214], "Ethical": [627], "Considerations": [628], "implementation": [630], "brings": [637], "dilemmas.": [640], "Concerns": [641], "regarding": [642], "bias": [643], "extensively": [650], "documented,": [651], "when": [653, 1076], "datasets": [654, 990], "representation": [656], "from": [657, 815, 999, 1014, 1033, 1065, 1127, 1201], "specific": [658], "or": [660, 684, 787], "demographic": [661], "groups": [662], "[9].": [663], "privacy": [666, 1045], "security": [668], "sensitive": [670, 1084], "information": [673], "continue": [674], "pose": [676, 694], "challenges,": [678], "potential": [680], "risks": [681], "misuse": [683], "unauthorized": [685], "sharing": [686], "personal": [688], "data": [689, 967, 997, 1039], "[10].": [690], "Transparency": [691], "explainability": [693], "additional": [695], "issues,": [696], "comprehend": [702], "how": [703], "generate": [706], "predictions,": [707], "potentially": [708], "diminishing": [709], "trust": [710, 1277], "[11].": [713], "Principles": [714], "design": [717, 791, 833, 895, 1235], "reduce": [721], "risks,": [723], "making": [724], "certain": [725], "cater": [729], "populations": [732], "justly": [733], "impartially.": [735], "D.": [736], "Synthesis": [737], "Gaps": [740], "made": [746], "advancements,": [749], "technologies,": [762], "two": [767], "fields": [768], "inadequately": [771], "investigated.": [772], "Many": [773], "current": [774], "either": [776], "concentrate": [777], "algorithmic": [780], "precision": [781], "without": [782], "adequately": [783], "addressing": [784], "experience,": [786], "they": [788], "highlight": [789], "while": [792], "advanced": [795], "features.": [798], "void": [803], "literature": [806], "sound": [809, 848], "absent": [814], "trust-building": [818], "frameworks.": [820], "To": [821, 978], "tackle": [822], "gap,": [824], "interdisciplinary": [825], "strategies": [826], "human-centered": [832], "needed": [835, 1077], "create": [837], "both": [844], "effective": [845], "OBJECTIVE": [849], "present": [851], "aims": [853], "address": [855], "challenge": [857], "pursuing": [859], "three": [860, 993], "interrelated": [861], "objectives.": [862], "First,": [863], "it": [864, 892], "seeks": [865], "develop": [867], "capable": [870], "recognition,": [874], "drawing": [875], "textual,": [877, 1202], "vocal,": [878, 1203], "cues": [881], "capture": [883], "holistic": [885], "picture": [886], "states.": [890], "Second,": [891], "proposes": [893], "empathetic,": [896], "user-centered": [897], "accessibility,": [903], "trust.": [905, 959], "Third,": [906], "intends": [909], "evaluate": [911], "improving": [918], "perceived": [923], "support": [929], "contexts.": [930], "METHODS": [931], "employs": [934, 989], "approach": [937], "combines": [939], "identification": [947], "promoting": [955], "methodological": [961], "framework": [962, 1092], "includes": [963], "four": [964], "elements:": [966], "gathering,": [968], "model": [969], "creation,": [970], "assessment.": [974], "Data": [976, 1051], "Collection": [977], "aid": [979], "models,": [986], "include": [992], "modalities:": [994], "(i)": [995], "obtained": [998, 1032], "online": [1000], "forums,": [1003], "patient": [1004], "diaries,": [1005], "anonymized": [1007], "chatbot": [1008], "conversations,": [1009], "(ii)": [1010], "voice": [1011], "recordings": [1012], "gathered": [1013], "publicly": [1015], "databases": [1019], "sanctioned": [1022], "recordings,": [1024], "(iii)": [1026], "expression": [1028], "images": [1029], "videos": [1031], "recognized": [1034], "datasets.": [1037], "Every": [1038], "collection": [1040], "procedure": [1041], "adheres": [1042], "standards,": [1046], "such": [1047, 1111, 1137], "General": [1050], "Protection": [1052], "Regulation": [1053], "(GDPR)": [1054], "Insurance": [1058], "Portability": [1059], "Accountability": [1061], "Act": [1062], "(HIPAA).": [1063], "Approval": [1064], "Institutional": [1067], "Review": [1068], "Board": [1069], "(IRB)": [1070], "informed": [1072], "consent": [1073], "secured": [1075], "management": [1082], "data.": [1085], "Machine": [1087], "Learning": [1088], "Models": [1089], "comprises": [1093], "specialized": [1094], "each": [1097], "modality,": [1098], "followed": [1099], "fusion": [1102, 1192], "approaches.": [1103], "1.": [1104, 1229], "Text": [1105], "Emotion": [1106, 1132, 1163], "Recognition:": [1107, 1133, 1164], "Transformer-based": [1108], "NLP": [1109], "architectures": [1110, 1195], "BERT,": [1113], "RoBERTa,": [1114], "DistilBERT": [1116], "employed": [1118], "analyze": [1120], "detect": [1123], "fine-grained": [1124], "states": [1126], "user-generated": [1128], "text.": [1129], "2.": [1130, 1252], "Speech": [1131], "Deep": [1134], "convolutional": [1139], "neural": [1140, 1144], "networks": [1141, 1145], "(CNNs),": [1142], "recurrent": [1143], "(RNNs),": [1146], "wav2vec2.0": [1148], "implemented": [1150], "extract": [1152], "acoustic": [1153], "prosodic": [1155], "features": [1156, 1288], "state": [1159], "classification.": [1160], "3.": [1161, 1280], "Facial": [1162], "Vision-based": [1165], "including": [1167], "ResNet": [1168], "EfficientNet": [1170], "utilized": [1172], "real-time": [1174], "primary": [1181], "(e.g.,": [1183, 1258], "happiness,": [1184], "sadness,": [1185], "anger,": [1186], "fear).": [1187], "4.": [1188], "Multimodal": [1189], "Fusion:": [1190], "Late": [1191], "attention-based": [1194], "applied": [1197], "combine": [1199], "predictions": [1200], "modalities,": [1206], "enabling": [1207], "accurate": [1209], "context-aware": [1211], "recognition.": [1213], "Framework": [1217], "interface": [1220], "designed": [1222], "following": [1223], "principles.": [1228], "Empathetic": [1230], "User": [1231], "Experience": [1232], "(UX):": [1233], "incorporates": [1236], "calming": [1237], "color": [1238], "schemes,": [1239], "adaptive": [1240], "tone,": [1242], "convey": [1247], "support.": [1251], "Trust-Building": [1253], "Mechanisms:": [1254], "Explainable": [1255], "attention": [1259], "visualization,": [1260], "confidence": [1261], "scores)": [1262], "integrated": [1264], "transparency.": [1267], "Feedback": [1268], "loops": [1269], "allow": [1270], "correct": [1273], "misclassifications,": [1274], "thereby": [1275], "increasing": [1276], "personalization.": [1279], "Inclusiveness:": [1281], "system": [1283], "supports": [1284], "multilingual": [1285], "interaction,": [1286]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10667", "display_name": "Emotion and Mood Recognition", "score": 0.9711999893188477, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3205", "display_name": "Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10667", "display_name": "Emotion and Mood Recognition", "score": 0.9711999893188477, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3205", "display_name": "Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11519", "display_name": "Digital Mental Health Interventions", "score": 0.016300000250339508, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3202", "display_name": "Applied Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10803", "display_name": "Innovative Human-Technology Interaction", "score": 0.00800000037997961, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1709", "display_name": "Human-Computer Interaction"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.2196/preprints.83396", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.2196/preprints.83396", "pdf_url": "https://s3.ca-central-1.amazonaws.com/assets.jmir.org/assets/preprints/preprint-83396-submitted.pdf", "source": null, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "acceptedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "posted-content"}, "cited_by_count": 1, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W7118069130", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.52549/ijeei.v13i4.6553", "title": "Rasa-Powered Conversational AI Framework for Intelligent Electric Vehicle Trip Planning and Energy Management", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-12-01", "type": "article", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5121881357", "display_name": "Phanendra T", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I875944469", "display_name": "Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation", "ror": "https://ror.org/02k949197", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I875944469"]}], "countries": ["IN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Phanendra T", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, India"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, India", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I875944469"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5091452218", "display_name": "Ganapaneni Swapna", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6854-4977", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6854-4977"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I875944469", "display_name": "Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation", "ror": "https://ror.org/02k949197", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I875944469"]}], "countries": ["IN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Swapna G", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation,  India"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation,  India", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I875944469"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Vishnuvardhan M", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I875944469", "display_name": "Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation", "ror": "https://ror.org/02k949197", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I875944469"]}], "countries": ["IN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Vishnuvardhan M", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, India"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, India", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I875944469"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5121841749", "display_name": "K V Govardhan Rao", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3808-0512", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3808-0512"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I875944469", "display_name": "Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation", "ror": "https://ror.org/02k949197", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I875944469"]}], "countries": ["IN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "K V Govardhan Rao", "raw_affiliation_strings": [",", "Department of Computer Science and Engineering , Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation , India"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": ",", "institution_ids": []}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Computer Science and Engineering , Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation , India", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I875944469"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5119530216", "display_name": "Rakesh Teerdala", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2238-4706", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2238-4706"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "T Rakesh", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering , St. Martin's Engineering College , Secunderabad , Telangana , India"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering , St. Martin's Engineering College , Secunderabad , Telangana , India", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5121854644", "display_name": "M Kiran Kumar", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "M Kiran Kumar", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"The": [0, 65], "rapid": [1], "growth": [2], "of": [3, 56], "Electric": [4], "Vehicles": [5], "(EVs)": [6], "calls": [7], "for": [8, 69, 104], "intelligent": [9], "solutions": [10], "to": [11, 81], "optimize": [12], "grid": [13], "stability": [14], "and": [15, 62, 75, 87, 96, 106], "enhance": [16], "user": [17], "experience.": [18], "This": [19], "paper": [20], "proposes": [21], "a": [22], "geo-optimized,": [23], "user-centric": [24], "EV": [25, 43, 108], "management": [26, 95], "system": [27, 66], "integrating": [28], "open-source": [29], "geospatial": [30], "tools": [31], "with": [32], "Rasa-based": [33], "Natural": [34], "Language": [35], "Understanding": [36], "(NLU).": [37], "Through": [38], "an": [39], "interactive": [40], "conversational": [41], "interface,": [42], "owners": [44], "receive": [45], "real-time": [46, 70], "trip": [47, 88], "planning": [48, 98], "recommendations": [49], "based": [50], "on": [51], "parameters": [52], "such": [53], "as": [54], "State": [55], "Charge": [57], "(SoC),": [58], "charging": [59, 72, 84], "point": [60], "availability,": [61], "route": [63, 97], "efficiency.": [64], "utilizes": [67], "APIs": [68], "geolocation,": [71], "station": [73], "data,": [74], "Battery": [76], "Management": [77], "System": [78], "(BMS)": [79], "insights": [80], "determine": [82], "optimal": [83], "locations,": [85], "durations,": [86], "costs.": [89], "Extensive": [90], "testing": [91], "demonstrates": [92], "improved": [93], "energy": [94], "efficiency,": [99], "highlighting": [100], "the": [101], "system\u2019s": [102], "potential": [103], "smart": [105], "sustainable": [107], "infrastructure": [109], "development.": [110]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10768", "display_name": "Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure", "score": 0.9990000128746033, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2208", "display_name": "Electrical and Electronic Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10768", "display_name": "Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure", "score": 0.9990000128746033, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2208", "display_name": "Electrical and Electronic Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10808", "display_name": "Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies", "score": 0.00039999998989515007, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2203", "display_name": "Automotive Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10603", "display_name": "Smart Grid Energy Management", "score": 0.0, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2208", "display_name": "Electrical and Electronic Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.52549/ijeei.v13i4.6553", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.52549/ijeei.v13i4.6553", "pdf_url": "https://section.iaesonline.com/index.php/IJEEI/article/download/6553/1039", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764801449", "display_name": "Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (IJEEI)", "issn_l": "2089-3272", "issn": ["2089-3272"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310315009", "host_organization_name": "Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES)", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310315009"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES)"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (IJEEI)", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W7217126309", "doi": null, "title": "SaaS-Driven Digital Transformation and Customer Retention in Hospitality Ecosystems: A Multitheoretical and Socio-Technical Reinterpretation of Service Value Creation", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-12-05", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5147480105", "display_name": "Mateo Alvarez", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I71999127", "display_name": "Universitat de Barcelona", "ror": "https://ror.org/021018s57", "country_code": "ES", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I71999127"]}], "countries": ["ES"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Dr. Mateo Alvarez", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["University of Barcelona , Spain"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Barcelona , Spain", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I71999127"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"The": [0, 127, 514, 571], "hospitality": [1, 36, 51, 138, 192, 217, 298, 380, 511, 521, 532, 581], "industry": [2], "has": [3, 30], "historically": [4], "been": [5], "positioned": [6], "at": [7], "the": [8, 18, 32, 145, 213, 346, 356, 374, 445, 487, 579, 585], "intersection": [9], "of": [10, 21, 35, 80, 135, 147, 163, 186, 234, 348, 353, 361, 385, 457, 510, 546, 553, 587], "technological": [11, 427], "innovation": [12], "and": [13, 27, 40, 72, 82, 114, 155, 166, 198, 239, 272, 308, 319, 345, 358, 422, 439, 448, 467, 501, 537, 562, 598], "human-centered": [14, 599], "service": [15, 63, 74, 84, 156, 187, 235, 296, 386, 499, 538, 560, 600], "delivery,": [16], "yet": [17], "rapid": [19], "acceleration": [20], "Software-as-a-Service": [22], "(SaaS)": [23], "platforms,": [24], "artificial": [25, 151], "intelligence,": [26, 152], "cloud-based": [28, 270], "infrastructures": [29, 105, 222], "redefined": [31], "ontological": [33], "foundations": [34, 360], "work,": [37], "guest": [38, 225, 304], "experience,": [39], "organizational": [41, 285, 463, 563], "value": [42, 311, 512], "creation": [43], "(Sheldon,": [44], "1983;": [45], "Buhalis,": [46], "2020).": [47, 329, 369], "In": [48], "recent": [49], "years,": [50], "ecosystems": [52, 264], "have": [53], "increasingly": [54, 390], "migrated": [55], "from": [56, 376, 392], "fragmented,": [57], "property-bound": [58], "information": [59, 167], "systems": [60, 168, 256, 397], "toward": [61], "platformized": [62], "architectures": [64], "that": [65, 189, 215, 223, 257, 280, 314, 398, 494, 517, 574], "enable": [66], "real-time": [67, 273], "data": [68, 229, 341], "integration,": [69], "algorithmic": [70, 339, 396], "personalization,": [71, 236], "distributed": [73], "orchestration,": [75], "thereby": [76], "challenging": [77], "classical": [78], "notions": [79], "front-stage": [81], "back-stage": [83], "labor": [85, 343], "(Law": [86], "et": [87, 91, 203, 245, 323, 327, 367, 476], "al.,": [88, 92, 204, 246, 324, 328, 368, 477], "2009;": [89], "Li": [90], "2021).": [93], "This": [94, 402], "transformation": [95, 332], "is": [96, 212], "not": [97, 174, 523, 542], "merely": [98, 524], "technical": [99], "but": [100, 181, 528, 549], "deeply": [101], "socio-economic,": [102], "as": [103, 176, 182, 220, 543, 550, 606], "digital": [104, 268, 408, 555, 580], "now": [106, 301], "mediate": [107, 399], "customer": [108, 115, 141, 148, 282, 362, 400, 450, 468, 558, 576], "relationships,": [109], "brand": [110], "perception,": [111], "employee": [112, 465], "identity,": [113], "retention": [116, 142, 321, 363, 451, 472, 577], "trajectories": [117], "in": [118, 312, 444, 520, 578], "unprecedented": [119], "ways": [120, 313], "(Ang": [121], "&": [122, 249, 568], "Buttle,": [123, 569], "2006;": [124], "Almohaimmeed,": [125], "2019).": [126], "present": [128], "study": [129, 434, 572], "advances": [130], "a": [131, 160, 183, 276, 382, 436, 454, 490, 506, 544, 607], "comprehensive,": [132], "theory-driven": [133], "analysis": [134, 488], "how": [136, 191, 423, 458, 531], "SaaS-enabled": [137], "platforms": [139, 218], "reconfigure": [140], "dynamics": [143], "through": [144], "integration": [146], "relationship": [149], "management,": [150], "internal": [153, 502], "marketing,": [154, 165], "automation.": [157], "Drawing": [158], "on": [159, 259, 484, 584], "synthesized": [161], "corpus": [162], "hospitality,": [164], "scholarship,": [169], "this": [170, 210, 331, 433], "research": [171, 441], "situates": [172], "SaaS": [173, 263, 459, 518, 591], "simply": [175], "an": [177, 551], "operational": [178], "efficiency": [179, 409], "tool": [180], "strategic": [184, 359], "epistemology": [185], "governance": [188], "reshapes": [190], "firms": [193, 533, 588], "learn": [194], "about,": [195], "interact": [196, 461], "with,": [197], "retain": [199], "their": [200], "customers": [201], "(Campbell": [202], "2020;": [205, 613], "Goel,": [206, 614], "2025).": [207, 615], "Central": [208], "to": [209, 242, 378, 395, 470, 589], "argument": [211], "proposition": [214], "SaaS-based": [216], "operate": [219], "relational": [221, 430, 610], "convert": [224], "interactions": [226], "into": [227, 275, 295, 505, 593], "persistent": [228], "assets,": [230], "enabling": [231, 453], "continuous": [232, 554], "refinement": [233], "loyalty": [237], "formation,": [238], "emotional": [240, 413], "attachment": [241], "brands": [243], "(Ascarza": [244], "2018;": [247], "Anabila": [248], "Awunyo-Vitor,": [250], "2013).": [251], "Unlike": [252], "traditional": [253], "property": [254], "management": [255], "focused": [258], "transactional": [260], "recordkeeping,": [261], "contemporary": [262, 449], "integrate": [265, 590], "conversational": [266], "AI,": [267], "twins,": [269], "CRM,": [271], "analytics": [274], "unified": [277, 507], "experiential": [278], "interface": [279], "aligns": [281], "expectations": [283], "with": [284, 429, 462], "responsiveness": [286], "(Boonstra,": [287], "2021;": [288, 478], "Crowe,": [289], "2022).": [290], "By": [291], "embedding": [292], "intelligence": [293], "directly": [294], "processes,": [297], "organizations": [299, 424], "can": [300, 410, 425], "dynamically": [302], "anticipate": [303], "needs,": [305], "reduce": [306], "friction,": [307], "cultivate": [309], "perceived": [310], "materially": [315], "influence": [316], "satisfaction,": [317], "loyalty,": [318], "long-term": [320], "(Alshurideh": [322], "2012;": [325], "Alkitbi": [326], "However,": [330], "also": [333], "produces": [334], "new": [335], "structural": [336], "risks,": [337], "including": [338], "bias,": [340], "commodification,": [342], "displacement,": [344], "erosion": [347], "authentic": [349], "human": [350], "interaction,": [351], "all": [352], "which": [354], "complicate": [355], "ethical": [357], "(Bryson,": [364], "2017;": [365], "Brockhaus": [366], "As": [370], "Goel": [371], "(2025)": [372], "argues,": [373], "shift": [375], "concierge-led": [377], "cloud-mediated": [379], "represents": [381], "paradigmatic": [383], "reorganization": [384], "authority,": [387], "wherein": [388], "decision-making": [389], "migrates": [391], "frontline": [393], "employees": [394], "experience.": [401], "raises": [403], "critical": [404], "questions": [405], "about": [406], "whether": [407, 415], "substitute": [411, 608], "for": [412, 609], "labor,": [414], "platform-driven": [416], "personalization": [417], "enhances": [418], "or": [419], "undermines": [420], "trust,": [421], "balance": [426], "optimization": [428], "authenticity.": [431], "Methodologically,": [432], "adopts": [435], "qualitative": [437], "meta-analytic": [438], "interpretive": [440], "design": [442], "grounded": [443], "Technology\u2013Organization\u2013Environment": [446], "framework": [447], "theory,": [452], "systematic": [455], "synthesis": [456], "technologies": [460, 592], "culture,": [464], "engagement,": [466], "perception": [469], "shape": [471], "outcomes": [473], "(Al": [474], "Hadwer": [475], "Alshurideh,": [479], "2016).": [480], "Rather": [481], "than": [482, 603], "relying": [483], "numerical": [485], "modeling,": [486], "develops": [489], "layered": [491], "conceptual": [492], "narrative": [493], "connects": [495], "cloud": [496], "architectures,": [497], "AI-driven": [498], "encounters,": [500], "marketing": [503], "practices": [504], "theoretical": [508], "explanation": [509], "creation.": [513], "findings": [515], "demonstrate": [516], "adoption": [519], "does": [522], "automate": [525], "existing": [526], "processes": [527], "fundamentally": [529], "restructures": [530], "conceptualize": [534], "guests,": [535], "employees,": [536], "itself.": [539], "Retention": [540], "emerges": [541], "function": [545], "satisfaction": [547], "alone": [548], "outcome": [552], "dialogue": [556], "between": [557], "data,": [559], "algorithms,": [561], "identity": [564], "(Almohaimmeed,": [565], "2019;": [566], "Ang": [567], "2006).": [570], "concludes": [573], "sustainable": [575], "era": [582], "depends": [583], "ability": [586], "ethically": [594], "grounded,": [595], "culturally": [596], "embedded,": [597], "strategies,": [601], "rather": [602], "treating": [604], "technology": [605], "engagement": [611], "(Buhalis,": [612]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.4462999999523163, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.4462999999523163, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10154", "display_name": "Customer Service Quality and Loyalty", "score": 0.3012999892234802, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1407", "display_name": "Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/14", "display_name": "Business, Management and Accounting"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11114", "display_name": "Service and Product Innovation", "score": 0.15049999952316284, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1406", "display_name": "Marketing"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/14", "display_name": "Business, Management and Accounting"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "pmh:oai:ojs2.aimjournals.com:article/455", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://aimjournals.com/article-analytics/go/pdf.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Faimjournals.com%2Findex.php%2Fijmcsit%2Farticle%2Fview%2F455%2F398&j=ijmcsit&a=455&g=398", "pdf_url": "https://aimjournals.com/index.php/ijmcsit/article/download/455/398/968", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S5407049760", "display_name": "International Journal of Modern Computer Science and IT Innovations", "issn_l": "3087-4289", "issn": ["3087-4289"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "3087-4289", "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4415727359", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i05.58535", "title": "AI-Powered Healthcare Monitoring for Tumor Identification and Classification", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-10-25", "type": "article", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5023672620", "display_name": "S. Priyadharshini", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1651-5434", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1651-5434"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "PRIYADHARSHINI S", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5120200604", "display_name": "R PRABHANJANI", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "PRABHANJANI R", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5117494824", "display_name": "G Nithyashree.", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "NITHYASHREE G", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5093631096", "display_name": "B. Narmadha", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "NARMADHA B", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"This": [0], "article": [1], "describes": [2], "an": [3], "integrated": [4, 71], "robot-based": [5], "healthcare": [6, 76], "monitoring": [7], "platform": [8, 49], "for": [9, 85], "identifying": [10], "and": [11, 17, 56, 77], "classifying": [12], "tumors": [13], "using": [14, 40], "deep": [15], "learning": [16], "conversational": [18, 73], "AI.": [19], "The": [20, 59], "proposed": [21], "model": [22], "combines": [23], "the": [24, 48], "classification": [25, 52], "of": [26, 33, 47, 61], "images": [27], "to": [28, 42], "enable": [29], "not": [30], "just": [31], "detection": [32], "disease,": [34], "but": [35], "also": [36], "web-based,": [37], "explainable": [38], "knowledge": [39], "chatbots": [41], "provide": [43], "context.": [44], "Experimental": [45], "evaluation": [46], "demonstrates": [50], "promising": [51], "accuracy,": [53], "verb": [54], "retrieval,": [55], "context": [57], "responses.": [58], "findings": [60], "this": [62], "research": [63], "demonstrate": [64], "how": [65], "AI": [66], "models": [67], "can": [68], "be": [69], "easily": [70], "with": [72], "agents": [74], "in": [75], "represent": [78], "a": [79], "potential": [80], "step": [81], "towards": [82], "improved": [83], "systems": [84], "diagnostic": [86], "support.": [87]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10862", "display_name": "AI in cancer detection", "score": 0.4253000020980835, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10862", "display_name": "AI in cancer detection", "score": 0.4253000020980835, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11636", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education", "score": 0.27250000834465027, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2718", "display_name": "Health Informatics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11396", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare", "score": 0.2434999942779541, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3605", "display_name": "Health Information Management"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/36", "display_name": "Health Professions"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i05.58535", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i05.58535", "pdf_url": "https://www.ijfmr.com/papers/2025/5/58535.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210207214", "display_name": "International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research", "issn_l": "2582-2160", "issn": ["2582-2160"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by-sa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4414886136", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2507.17734", "title": "DataWink: Reusing and Adapting SVG-based Visualization Examples with Large Multimodal Models", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-07-23", "type": "preprint", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5006171300", "display_name": "Liwenhan Xie", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2601-6313", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2601-6313"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Xie, Liwenhan", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5023888935", "display_name": "Yanna Lin", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3730-0827", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3730-0827"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Lin, Yanna", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100447861", "display_name": "Can Liu", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5451-4144", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5451-4144", "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9739-133X"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Liu, Can", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5091466289", "display_name": "Huamin Qu", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3344-9694", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3344-9694"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Qu, Huamin", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5023558209", "display_name": "Xinhuan Shu", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9736-4454", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9736-4454"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Shu, Xinhuan", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Creating": [0], "aesthetically": [1], "pleasing": [2], "data": [3, 46, 93], "visualizations": [4, 32, 58], "remains": [5], "challenging": [6], "for": [7, 127, 144], "users": [8, 28, 89], "without": [9], "design": [10, 97], "expertise": [11], "or": [12], "familiarity": [13], "with": [14, 115], "visualization": [15, 51, 64, 146], "tools.": [16], "To": [17, 106], "address": [18], "this": [19], "gap,": [20], "we": [21, 109], "present": [22], "DataWink,": [23, 108], "a": [24, 72, 111, 122], "system": [25], "that": [26, 59], "enables": [27], "to": [29, 44, 71], "create": [30], "custom": [31], "by": [33], "adapting": [34], "high-quality": [35], "examples.": [36], "Our": [37, 136], "approach": [38], "combines": [39], "large": [40], "multimodal": [41], "models": [42], "(LMMs)": [43], "extract": [45], "encoding": [47], "from": [48], "existing": [49], "SVG-based": [50], "examples,": [52], "featuring": [53], "an": [54, 86], "intermediate": [55], "representation": [56], "of": [57, 141], "bridges": [60], "primitive": [61], "SVG": [62], "and": [63, 75, 95, 117, 130], "programs.": [65], "Users": [66], "may": [67], "express": [68], "adaptation": [69], "goals": [70], "conversational": [73], "agent": [74], "control": [76], "the": [77, 101, 139], "visual": [78, 96], "appearance": [79], "through": [80], "widgets": [81], "generated": [82], "on": [83], "demand.": [84], "With": [85], "interactive": [87], "interface,": [88], "can": [90], "modify": [91], "both": [92], "mappings": [94], "elements": [98], "while": [99], "maintaining": [100], "original": [102], "visualization's": [103], "aesthetic": [104], "quality.": [105], "evaluate": [107], "conduct": [110], "user": [112], "study": [113], "(N=12)": [114], "replication": [116], "free-form": [118], "exploration": [119], "tasks.": [120, 135], "As": [121], "result,": [123], "DataWink": [124], "is": [125], "recognized": [126], "its": [128], "learnability": [129], "effectiveness": [131], "in": [132], "personalized": [133], "authoring": [134], "results": [137], "demonstrate": [138], "potential": [140], "example-driven": [142], "approaches": [143], "democratizing": [145], "creation.": [147]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10799", "display_name": "Data Visualization and Analytics", "score": 0.9994999766349792, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1707", "display_name": "Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10799", "display_name": "Data Visualization and Analytics", "score": 0.9994999766349792, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1707", "display_name": "Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13197", "display_name": "Spreadsheets and End-User Computing", "score": 0.0, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1712", "display_name": "Software"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10481", "display_name": "Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques", "score": 0.0, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1704", "display_name": "Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2507.17734", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://arxiv.org/abs/2507.17734", "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.17734", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400194", "display_name": "arXiv (Cornell University)", "issn_l": "2331-8422", "issn": ["2331-8422"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I205783295", "host_organization_name": "Cornell University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I205783295"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "text"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4413797581", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.55248/gengpi.6.0825.3042", "title": "Chatbots in the AI Era: Advancements, Applications, and Ethical Challenges", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-08-01", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5076807983", "display_name": "Mr.Kuldeep Singh", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I3129634530", "display_name": "Guru Kashi University", "ror": "https://ror.org/053nvxd25", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I3129634530"]}], "countries": ["IN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Mr.Kuldeep Singh", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Assistant Professor, Faculty of Computing , Guru Kashi University , Punjab , India;"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Assistant Professor, Faculty of Computing , Guru Kashi University , Punjab , India;", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I3129634530"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5108064853", "display_name": "Ms.Manpreet Kaur", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1052-4249", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1052-4249"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I3129634530", "display_name": "Guru Kashi University", "ror": "https://ror.org/053nvxd25", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I3129634530"]}], "countries": ["IN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ms.Manpreet Kaur", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Assistant Professor, Faculty of Computing , Guru Kashi University , Punjab , India;"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Assistant Professor, Faculty of Computing , Guru Kashi University , Punjab , India;", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I3129634530"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "MrsHarpreet kaur", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "MrsHarpreet kaur", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Mr.Ranveer Singh", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I3129634530", "display_name": "Guru Kashi University", "ror": "https://ror.org/053nvxd25", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I3129634530"]}], "countries": ["IN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Mr.Ranveer Singh", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Assistant Professor, Faculty of Computing , Guru Kashi University , Punjab , India;"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Assistant Professor, Faculty of Computing , Guru Kashi University , Punjab , India;", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I3129634530"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"The": [0], "rapid": [1], "evolution": [2], "of": [3, 15, 84], "artificial": [4], "intelligence": [5], "(AI)": [6], "has": [7], "transformed": [8], "chatbots": [9], "into": [10], "sophisticated": [11], "conversational": [12], "agents": [13], "capable": [14], "human-like": [16], "interactions.This": [17], "review": [18], "paper": [19, 79], "explores": [20], "advancements": [21], "in": [22, 42, 52], "chatbot": [23, 85], "technology,": [24, 86], "focusing": [25], "on": [26], "natural": [27], "language": [28, 36], "processing": [29], "(NLP),": [30], "machine": [31], "learning": [32], "(ML),": [33], "and": [34, 47, 56, 66, 75, 90, 106], "large": [35], "models": [37], "(LLMs).It": [38], "examines": [39], "their": [40, 50], "applications": [41], "education,": [43], "healthcare,": [44], "customer": [45], "service,": [46], "business,": [48], "highlighting": [49], "role": [51], "enhancing": [53], "efficiency,": [54], "accessibility,": [55], "user": [57], "experience.Ethical": [58], "challenges,": [59], "including": [60], "data": [61], "privacy,": [62], "bias,": [63], "academic": [64], "integrity,": [65], "societal": [67], "impacts,": [68], "are": [69, 101], "critically": [70], "analyzed.By": [71], "synthesizing": [72], "recent": [73], "literature": [74], "case": [76], "studies,": [77], "this": [78], "provides": [80], "a": [81], "comprehensive": [82], "overview": [83], "its": [87], "transformative": [88], "potential,": [89], "the": [91], "ethical": [92, 108], "considerations": [93], "necessary": [94], "for": [95, 98], "responsible": [96], "deployment.Recommendations": [97], "future": [99], "research": [100], "proposed": [102], "to": [103], "address": [104], "limitations": [105], "ensure": [107], "use.": [109]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.9452999830245972, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.9452999830245972, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.03849999979138374, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13904", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence Applications", "score": 0.006300000008195639, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.55248/gengpi.6.0825.3042", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.55248/gengpi.6.0825.3042", "pdf_url": "https://doi.org/10.55248/gengpi.6.0825.3042", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4220651630", "display_name": "International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews", "issn_l": "2582-7421", "issn": ["2582-7421"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4406205485", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnlest.2025.100301", "title": "On large language models safety, security, and privacy: A survey", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-01-09", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5088774854", "display_name": "Ran Zhang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6725-6428", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6725-6428"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I150229711", "display_name": "University of Electronic Science and Technology of China", "ror": "https://ror.org/04qr3zq92", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ran Zhang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100325334", "display_name": "Hongwei Li", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1961-7946", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1961-7946"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I150229711", "display_name": "University of Electronic Science and Technology of China", "ror": "https://ror.org/04qr3zq92", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Hong-Wei Li", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5056957314", "display_name": "Xinyuan Qian", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3247-6516", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3247-6516", "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9511-6713"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I150229711", "display_name": "University of Electronic Science and Technology of China", "ror": "https://ror.org/04qr3zq92", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Xin-Yuan Qian", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3247-6516", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5045234606", "display_name": "Wenbo Jiang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5885-5261", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5885-5261", "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8012-1544"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I150229711", "display_name": "University of Electronic Science and Technology of China", "ror": "https://ror.org/04qr3zq92", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Wen-Bo Jiang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5054014321", "display_name": "Han-Xiao Chen", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I150229711", "display_name": "University of Electronic Science and Technology of China", "ror": "https://ror.org/04qr3zq92", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Han-Xiao Chen", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"The": [0], "integration": [1], "of": [2, 96, 107, 145, 150], "artificial": [3], "intelligence": [4], "(AI)": [5], "technology,": [6], "particularly": [7], "large": [8], "language": [9, 22], "models": [10], "(LLMs),": [11], "has": [12], "become": [13], "essential": [14], "across": [15], "various": [16], "sectors": [17], "due": [18], "to": [19, 114, 139], "their": [20, 28, 56], "advanced": [21], "comprehension": [23], "and": [24, 37, 51, 58, 65, 84, 91, 110, 117, 131, 143], "generation": [25], "capabilities.": [26], "Despite": [27], "transformative": [29], "impact": [30], "in": [31, 119, 147], "fields": [32], "such": [33, 60], "as": [34, 61], "machine": [35], "translation": [36], "intelligent": [38], "dialogue": [39], "systems": [40], ",": [41], "LLMs": [42, 130, 146], "face": [43, 149], "significant": [44], "challenges.": [45], "These": [46], "challenges": [47, 127], "include": [48], "safety,": [49, 89, 115], "security,": [50, 90, 116], "privacy": [52, 66, 92, 118], "concerns": [53], "that": [54], "undermine": [55], "trustworthiness": [57], "effectiveness,": [59], "hallucinations,": [62], "backdoor": [63], "attacks,": [64], "leakage": [67], ".": [68], "Previous": [69], "works": [70], "often": [71], "conflated": [72], "safety": [73], "issues": [74], "with": [75], "security": [76], "concerns.": [77], "In": [78], "contrast,": [79], "our": [80], "study": [81], "provides": [82], "clearer": [83], "more": [85], "reasonable": [86], "definitions": [87], "for": [88, 135], "within": [93], "the": [94, 108, 124, 141, 148], "context": [95], "LLMs.": [97, 120], "Building": [98], "on": [99], "these": [100], "definitions,": [101], "we": [102, 122], "provide": [103], "a": [104], "comprehensive": [105], "overview": [106], "vulnerabilities": [109], "defense": [111], "mechanisms": [112], "related": [113], "Additionally,": [121], "explore": [123], "unique": [125], "research": [126], "posed": [128], "by": [129], "suggest": [132], "potential": [133], "avenues": [134], "future": [136], "research,": [137], "aiming": [138], "enhance": [140], "robustness": [142], "reliability": [144], "emerging": [151], "threats.": [152]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11689", "display_name": "Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning", "score": 0.9984999895095825, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11689", "display_name": "Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning", "score": 0.9984999895095825, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10764", "display_name": "Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data", "score": 0.0005000000237487257, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10028", "display_name": "Topic Modeling", "score": 0.00019999999494757503, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1016/j.jnlest.2025.100301", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnlest.2025.100301", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2736981714", "display_name": "Journal of Electronic Science and Technology", "issn_l": "1674-862X", "issn": ["1674-862X", "2666-223X"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "doaj"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990", "host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Elsevier BV"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Journal of Electronic Science and Technology", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 35, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W7167355454", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21190390", "title": "Leveraging Generative AI to Transform CRM Workflows and Customer Interaction", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-03-04", "type": "article", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5109861885", "display_name": "Nicholas Parker", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Nicholas Parker", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5140053519", "display_name": "Natalie Morris", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Natalie Morris", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5140065763", "display_name": "Chloe Reed", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Chloe Reed", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5027110302", "display_name": "Alex Russell", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Adam Russell", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5130544393", "display_name": "Chaitanya Srinivas", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Chaitanya Srinivas", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5140059402", "display_name": "Sai Nishi", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Sai Nishi", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Customer": [0], "Relationship": [1], "Management": [2], "(CRM)": [3], "systems": [4], "are": [5], "undergoing": [6], "significant": [7], "transformation": [8], "with": [9, 128], "the": [10, 32], "integration": [11], "of": [12, 34], "Generative": [13, 35, 130, 146, 181], "Artificial": [14], "Intelligence": [15], "(Generative": [16], "AI),": [17], "enabling": [18, 191], "organizations": [19, 151], "to": [20], "deliver": [21], "more": [22], "intelligent,": [23], "personalized,": [24], "and": [25, 41, 53, 82, 89, 96, 112, 141, 169, 201, 209], "efficient": [26], "customer": [27, 42, 72, 91, 97, 158, 196], "experiences.": [28], "This": [29], "research": [30], "explores": [31], "role": [33], "AI": [36, 114, 147, 182], "in": [37, 205], "transforming": [38], "CRM": [39, 58, 104, 149, 189], "workflows": [40], "interaction": [43], "by": [44], "integrating": [45], "large": [46], "language": [47], "models,": [48], "conversational": [49], "AI,": [50, 131], "intelligent": [51, 74, 192], "automation,": [52, 194], "predictive": [54], "analytics": [55], "into": [56], "enterprise": [57, 119], "platforms.": [59], "The": [60, 121, 177], "study": [61, 178], "examines": [62], "how": [63], "AI-powered": [64], "capabilities": [65], "such": [66], "as": [67], "automated": [68], "content": [69], "generation,": [70], "personalized": [71, 161], "communication,": [73], "chatbots,": [75], "sales": [76], "assistance,": [77], "workflow": [78, 193], "optimization,": [79], "knowledge": [80], "management,": [81], "real-time": [83], "decision": [84], "support": [85, 117], "improve": [86, 166], "operational": [87], "efficiency": [88], "strengthen": [90], "engagement": [92], "across": [93], "sales,": [94], "marketing,": [95], "service": [98], "functions.": [99], "It": [100], "further": [101], "discusses": [102], "cloud-native": [103], "architectures,": [105], "API-driven": [106], "integrations,": [107], "data": [108, 133], "governance,": [109], "security,": [110], "privacy,": [111], "ethical": [113], "considerations": [115], "that": [116, 180], "scalable": [118], "implementation.": [120], "paper": [122], "also": [123], "analyzes": [124], "key": [125], "challenges": [126], "associated": [127], "adopting": [129], "including": [132], "quality,": [134], "model": [135], "transparency,": [136], "regulatory": [137], "compliance,": [138], "organizational": [139], "readiness,": [140], "system": [142], "interoperability.": [143], "By": [144], "leveraging": [145], "within": [148], "ecosystems,": [150], "can": [152], "automate": [153], "repetitive": [154], "business": [155, 172, 199, 211], "processes,": [156], "enhance": [157], "satisfaction": [159], "through": [160], "interactions,": [162], "accelerate": [163], "response": [164], "times,": [165], "employee": [167], "productivity,": [168], "generate": [170], "actionable": [171], "insights": [173], "for": [174, 187], "strategic": [175], "decision-making.": [176], "concludes": [179], "represents": [183], "a": [184], "transformative": [185], "technology": [186], "next-generation": [188], "systems,": [190], "data-driven": [195], "engagement,": [197], "continuous": [198], "innovation,": [200], "sustainable": [202], "competitive": [203], "advantage": [204], "an": [206], "increasingly": [207], "digital": [208], "customer-centric": [210], "environment.": [212]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.8931000232696533, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.8931000232696533, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13904", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence Applications", "score": 0.04910000041127205, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12885", "display_name": "Digital Innovation in Industries", "score": 0.0364999994635582, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1405", "display_name": "Management of Technology and Innovation"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/14", "display_name": "Business, Management and Accounting"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.5281/zenodo.21190390", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21190390", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400562", "display_name": "Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I67311998", "host_organization_name": "European Organization for Nuclear Research", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I67311998"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": null, "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "article-journal"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W7105695506", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17602599", "title": "Automated Quality Assurance Systems Using LLM-as-Judge for Conversational AI Testing: A Technical Review", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-11-13", "type": "article", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Yash Panjari", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Yash Panjari", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Independent Researcher, USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Independent Researcher, USA", "institution_ids": []}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"The": [0, 174], "rapid": [1], "growth": [2], "of": [3, 105, 185], "conversational": [4, 67, 101], "AI": [5], "systems": [6], "in": [7, 21, 52, 65, 122, 191], "industries": [8], "has": [9], "raised": [10], "unprecedented": [11, 109], "requirements": [12], "for": [13, 166], "scalable": [14], "quality": [15, 80, 120, 178, 189], "control": [16], "processes": [17], "that": [18, 48, 74, 96, 181], "are": [19, 37, 60, 75], "effective": [20], "sustaining": [22], "high": [23], "standards": [24], "and": [25, 45, 71, 103, 132, 143, 149, 160, 188], "supporting": [26], "huge": [27], "deployment": [28], "scales.": [29], "Conventional": [30], "evaluation": [31], "schemes": [32], "based": [33], "on": [34], "human": [35], "evaluators": [36], "severely": [38], "bound": [39], "by": [40, 62], "scalability": [41], "limitations,": [42], "budget": [43], "constraints,": [44], "time": [46], "constraints": [47], "limit": [49], "their": [50], "applicability": [51], "contemporary": [53], "production": [54, 192], "settings.": [55, 193], "Modern": [56], "automated": [57], "assessment": [58, 87, 94, 179], "criteria": [59], "plagued": [61], "inherent": [63], "shortcomings": [64], "identifying": [66], "subtleties,": [68], "semantic": [69, 99, 126], "connections,": [70, 100], "contextual": [72, 128], "utility": [73], "vital": [76], "to": [77, 117], "end-to-end": [78], "dialogue": [79], "evaluation.": [81], "Large": [82], "language": [83], "models": [84], "as": [85, 125], "smart": [86], "judges": [88], "signal": [89], "a": [90], "revolution": [91], "towards": [92], "sophisticated": [93], "mechanisms": [95], "can": [97], "interpret": [98], "pragmatics,": [102], "fulfillment": [104], "user": [106, 133], "intent": [107], "at": [108], "levels.": [110], "These": [111], "LLM-as-judge": [112], "architectures": [113], "exhibit": [114], "excellent": [115], "capability": [116], "judge": [118], "multiple": [119], "dimensions": [121], "parallel,": [123], "such": [124], "correctness,": [127], "suitability,": [129], "safety": [130], "adherence,": [131], "experience": [134], "quality.": [135], "But": [136], "crucial": [137], "issues": [138, 169], "still": [139], "exist": [140], "concerning": [141], "consistency": [142], "reproducibility,": [144], "bias": [145], "transfer,": [146], "adversarial": [147], "immunity,": [148], "domain-specific": [150], "biases.": [151], "Implementation": [152], "approaches": [153], "incorporating": [154], "multi-judge": [155], "consensus": [156], "engines,": [157], "hybrid": [158], "models,": [159], "ongoing": [161], "monitoring": [162], "frameworks": [163], "hold": [164], "promise": [165], "overcoming": [167], "these": [168], "while": [170], "preserving": [171], "operational": [172], "effectiveness.": [173], "technology": [175], "provides": [176], "real-time": [177], "capabilities": [180], "facilitate": [182], "immediate": [183], "detection": [184], "performance": [186], "problems": [187], "deterioration": [190]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9375, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9375, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.029600000008940697, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10181", "display_name": "Natural Language Processing Techniques", "score": 0.007300000172108412, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.5281/zenodo.17602599", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17602599", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400562", "display_name": "Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I67311998", "host_organization_name": "European Organization for Nuclear Research", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I67311998"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": null, "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "JournalArticle"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4412368882", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/32ztw_v1", "title": "The Illusion of Empathy: Why Users Distrust GPT-4 Chatbots for Mental Health Screenings", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-07-12", "type": "preprint", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5118965172", "display_name": "Tom Bielen", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Tom Bielen", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Conversational": [0], "AI": [1], "holds": [2], "promise": [3], "for": [4, 160, 172], "scalable": [5], "mental": [6, 202], "health": [7, 203], "screening,": [8], "yet": [9], "its": [10], "impact": [11], "on": [12, 40, 101], "therapeuticalliance": [13], "and": [14, 44, 59, 71, 84, 97, 122, 146], "user": [15, 182], "perceptions": [16], "remains": [17], "underexplored.": [18], "This": [19], "preregistered,": [20], "cross-sectional,": [21], "randomizedmixed-methods": [22], "experiment": [23], "(N": [24], "=": [25, 116, 119, 135, 138], "149)": [26], "evaluated": [27], "the": [28, 105, 112, 173, 179], "effects": [29], "of": [30, 57, 150], "an": [31], "empathic": [32], "GPT-4-powered": [33], "chatbot": [34, 107], "(Elli)versus": [35], "a": [36, 147, 186], "static": [37, 113, 187], "PHQ-9/GAD-7": [38], "form": [39, 114], "trust,": [41], "comfort,": [42], "empathy,": [43], "emotional": [45, 192], "disclosure.": [46], "Participantswere": [47], "randomly": [48], "assigned": [49], "to": [50, 177, 185], "either": [51], "condition.": [52, 155], "Quantitative": [53], "outcomes": [54], "included": [55, 82], "measures": [56], "confidence,comfort,": [58], "perceived": [60, 148], "empathy.": [61], "Qualitative": [62], "feedback": [63], "was": [64, 108], "analyzed": [65], "thematically.": [66], "Primary": [67], "analysesemployed": [68], "independent": [69], "t-tests": [70], "Mann\u2013Whitney": [72], "U": [73], "tests,": [74], "with": [75, 143], "Cohen\u2019s": [76], "d": [77, 118], "effect": [78], "sizes": [79], "reported.Exploratory": [80], "analyses": [81], "gender": [83], "age": [85], "interactions,": [86], "as": [87, 89], "well": [88], "mediation": [90], "modeling.": [91], "All": [92], "analyseswere": [93], "conducted": [94], "in": [95, 104, 111, 153, 200], "Python": [96], "are": [98], "openly": [99], "available": [100], "GitHub.": [102], "Trust": [103], "Elli": [106], "significantlylower": [109], "than": [110, 197], "(p": [115], ".004,": [117], "\u20130.49).": [120], "Comfort": [121], "empathy": [123, 145, 168, 199], "ratings": [124], "showed": [125], "no": [126, 131], "significantdifferences.": [127], "Dropout": [128], "analysis": [129], "revealed": [130], "condition-related": [132], "attrition": [133], "(\u03c7\u00b2": [134], "0.37,": [136], "p": [137], ".54).": [139], "Qualitativefeedback": [140], "highlighted": [141], "discomfort": [142], "artificial": [144], "lack": [149], "human": [151], "presence": [152], "thechatbot": [154], "No": [156], "significant": [157], "differences": [158], "emerged": [159], "PHQ-9": [161], "or": [162], "GAD-7": [163], "severity.": [164], "Mediation": [165], "analysisrevealed": [166], "that": [167], "did": [169], "not": [170], "account": [171], "trust": [174, 183], "gap.": [175], "Contrary": [176], "expectations,": [178], "GPT-4": [180], "chatbotreduced": [181], "compared": [184], "form.": [188], "These": [189], "findings": [190], "suggest": [191], "authenticity": [193], "may": [194], "bemore": [195], "critical": [196], "simulated": [198], "digital": [201], "tools.": [204]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11519", "display_name": "Digital Mental Health Interventions", "score": 0.9359999895095825, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3202", "display_name": "Applied Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11519", "display_name": "Digital Mental Health Interventions", "score": 0.9359999895095825, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3202", "display_name": "Applied Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10709", "display_name": "Social Robot Interaction and HRI", "score": 0.051899999380111694, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3207", "display_name": "Social Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11636", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education", "score": 0.0020000000949949026, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2718", "display_name": "Health Informatics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.31234/osf.io/32ztw_v1", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/32ztw_v1", "pdf_url": null, "source": null, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "acceptedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "posted-content"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4408029769", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.17163/uni.n42.2025.07", "title": "An\u00e1lisis sistem\u00e1tico sobre la eficiencia comunicativa entre chatbots basados en reglas y modelos de lenguaje natural", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-02-28", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5000886243", "display_name": "Mao Queen Garz\u00f3n Quiroz", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8339-1091", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8339-1091"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210141827", "display_name": "Universidad Ecotec", "ror": "https://ror.org/04pe1sa24", "country_code": "EC", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210141827"]}], "countries": ["EC"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Mao Garz\u00f3n-Quiroz", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Universidad Ecotec"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8339-1091", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Universidad Ecotec", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210141827"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5116452181", "display_name": "Guillermo Del Campo S", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0120-9802", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0120-9802"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210090927", "display_name": "Universidad Estatal de Milagro", "ror": "https://ror.org/00gd7ns03", "country_code": "EC", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4210090927"]}], "countries": ["EC"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Guillermo Del Campo-Saltos", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Universidad Estatal de Milagro"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4885-3571", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Universidad Estatal de Milagro", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210090927"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5012859957", "display_name": "Beatriz Annabell Loor \u00c1vila", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1156-8940", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1156-8940"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I3132284232", "display_name": "Universidad Esp\u00edritu Santo", "ror": "https://ror.org/00b210x50", "country_code": "EC", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I3132284232"]}], "countries": ["EC"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Beatriz Loor-\u00c1vila", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Universidad de Especialidades Esp\u00edritu Santo"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1156-8940", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Universidad de Especialidades Esp\u00edritu Santo", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I3132284232"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"The": [0, 65], "study": [1, 66], "was": [2, 54], "grounded": [3], "in": [4, 52, 59, 102, 122, 204], "a": [5, 41], "systematic": [6], "literature": [7], "review": [8], "on": [9, 136], "the": [10, 35, 45, 60, 70, 128, 130, 137, 143, 147, 150, 153, 168, 186, 195], "communicative": [11], "efficiencies": [12], "of": [13, 29, 44, 62, 146, 155, 190], "rule-based": [14, 63, 76, 88], "conversational": [15, 48, 77, 156], "agents": [16, 78, 157], "and": [17, 79, 92, 97, 115, 124, 142, 158, 188, 197], "those": [18, 80], "powered": [19], "by": [20, 108], "natural": [21, 82, 109], "language": [22, 110], "models": [23, 111], "with": [24, 201], "artificial": [25], "intelligence.": [26], "A": [27], "total": [28], "175": [30], "documents": [31], "were": [32], "analyzed": [33], "as": [34, 179], "basis": [36], "for": [37], "this": [38, 166], "review.": [39], "Additionally,": [40], "historical": [42], "analysis": [43], "first": [46], "recorded": [47], "agent,": [49], "ELIZA,": [50], "developed": [51], "1966,": [53], "included,": [55], "highlighting": [56], "its": [57], "pivotalrole": [58], "emergence": [61], "systems.": [64], "also": [67], "delved": [68], "into": [69], "arguments": [71], "underpinning": [72], "thesignificant": [73], "differences": [74, 85], "between": [75, 132], "leveraging": [81], "languagemodels.": [83], "These": [84], "revealed": [86], "that": [87], "systems": [89, 192], "are": [90], "simple": [91], "cost-effective": [93], "tools,": [94], "ideal": [95], "forrepetitive": [96], "structured": [98], "tasks,": [99], "yet": [100], "constrained": [101], "managing": [103], "complex": [104], "interactions.": [105], "Conversely,": [106], "agentspowered": [107], "enable": [112], "more": [113], "adaptive": [114], "personalized": [116], "interactions,": [117], "albeit": [118], "requiring": [119], "substantial": [120], "investment": [121], "data": [123], "development.": [125], "According": [126], "to": [127, 172], "findings,": [129], "choice": [131], "these": [133, 191], "approaches": [134], "depends": [135], "application": [138], "context,": [139], "available": [140], "resources,": [141], "specific": [144], "needs": [145], "organization.": [148], "Furthermore,": [149], "research": [151], "underscored": [152], "evolution": [154], "their": [159, 202], "transformative": [160], "impact": [161], "across": [162], "various": [163], "sectors.": [164], "In": [165], "regard,": [167], "results": [169], "open": [170], "pathways": [171], "explore": [173], "how": [174], "emerging": [175], "technological": [176], "trends,": [177], "such": [178], "advanced": [180], "naturallanguage": [181], "processing": [182], "models,": [183], "can": [184], "enhance": [185], "efficiency": [187], "applicability": [189], "while": [193], "addressing": [194], "ethical": [196], "technical": [198], "challenges": [199], "associated": [200], "implementation": [203], "diverse": [205], "industries.": [206]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.7035999894142151, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.7035999894142151, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.2930000126361847, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13904", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence Applications", "score": 0.0013000000035390258, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.17163/uni.n42.2025.07", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.17163/uni.n42.2025.07", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2736322943", "display_name": "Universitas", "issn_l": "1390-3837", "issn": ["1390-3837", "1390-8634"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": false, "listed_in": ["doaj", "erih-plus", "latindex", "scielo"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310318804", "host_organization_name": "Politecnica Salesiana University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310318804"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Politecnica Salesiana University"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-sa", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Universitas", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 5, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W7105741860", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17607400", "title": "Survey on Use of Agentic AI in Healthcare", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-11-14", "type": "article", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Kalyani Pendke, Pranay Borikar, Divyanshi Bokade, Gauri Atalkar, Uday Agre", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Kalyani Pendke, Pranay Borikar, Divyanshi Bokade, Gauri Atalkar, Uday Agre", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"This": [0, 89], "literature": [1], "review": [2, 55, 90], "investigates": [3], "the": [4, 21], "transformation": [5], "of": [6, 136, 141, 151], "large": [7], "language": [8, 157], "models": [9, 158], "into": [10], "clinical": [11, 38, 80, 164], "decision": [12], "support": [13], "tools,": [14], "examining": [15], "Med": [16], "PaLM": [17], "2's": [18], "contributions": [19], "through": [20], "MedNLP_CHAT": [22], "evaluation": [23], "framework.": [24], "Our": [25], "analysis": [26], "encompasses": [27], "thirty": [28], "research": [29, 127], "papers": [30], "addressing": [31], "medical": [32], "conversational": [33], "AI,": [34], "benchmarking": [35], "methodologies,": [36], "and": [37, 45, 70, 85, 108, 149], "safety": [39, 71, 143], "protocols": [40, 119, 144], "to": [41, 57], "determine": [42], "current": [43, 147], "capabilities": [44], "persistent": [46], "limitations": [47], "in": [48], "healthcare": [49], "applications.": [50], "The": [51, 126], "study": [52], "employs": [53], "systematic": [54], "methodology": [56], "evaluate": [58], "LLM": [59], "performance": [60, 75], "across": [61], "dimensions": [62], "including": [63], "diagnostic": [64, 87], "accuracy,": [65], "response": [66], "calibration,": [67], "evidence": [68], "citation,": [69], "compliance.": [72], "Nevertheless,": [73], "significant": [74], "deterioration": [76], "occurs": [77], "with": [78, 159], "novel": [79], "scenarios,": [81], "ambiguous": [82], "patient": [83, 99], "presentations,": [84], "extended": [86], "consultations.": [88], "proposes": [91], "implementation": [92], "frameworks": [93], "emphasizing": [94], "multi-layered": [95], "protection": [96], "strategies": [97], "encompassing": [98], "data": [100], "anonymization,": [101], "reference": [102], "verification": [103], "systems,": [104], "restricted": [105], "tool": [106], "access,": [107], "mandatory": [109], "clinician": [110], "supervision": [111], "for": [112, 133, 162], "critical": [113], "decisions,": [114], "complemented": [115], "by": [116, 129], "comprehensive": [117], "testing": [118], "using": [120], "simulated": [121], "electronic": [122], "health": [123], "record": [124], "environments.": [125], "concludes": [128], "identifying": [130], "priority": [131], "areas": [132], "advancement:": [134], "development": [135], "transparent": [137], "evidence-linking": [138], "mechanisms,": [139], "creation": [140], "generalizable": [142], "extending": [145], "beyond": [146], "benchmarks,": [148], "optimization": [150], "resource-efficient": [152], "model": [153], "architectures": [154], "incorporating": [155], "small": [156], "specialized": [160], "toolsets": [161], "sustainable": [163], "deployment.": [165]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11636", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education", "score": 0.9994999766349792, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2718", "display_name": "Health Informatics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11636", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education", "score": 0.9994999766349792, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2718", "display_name": "Health Informatics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13702", "display_name": "Machine Learning in Healthcare", "score": 9.999999747378752e-05, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11396", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare", "score": 9.999999747378752e-05, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3605", "display_name": "Health Information Management"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/36", "display_name": "Health Professions"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.5281/zenodo.17607400", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17607400", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400562", "display_name": "Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I67311998", "host_organization_name": "European Organization for Nuclear Research", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I67311998"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": null, "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "JournalArticle"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4416783373", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-26697-4", "title": "Matching embodied conversational agent appearance to message emotion enhances persuasion in eHealth", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-11-28", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Chengkun Tang", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I181326427", "display_name": "Donghua University", "ror": "https://ror.org/035psfh38", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I181326427"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Chengkun Tang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["College of Humanities, Donghua University, Shanghai, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "College of Humanities, Donghua University, Shanghai, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I181326427"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100336197", "display_name": "Li Wang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2165-0080", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2165-0080", "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5082-5479", "https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9656-1657"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I75689368", "display_name": "Communication University of China", "ror": "https://ror.org/04facbs33", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I75689368"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Li Wang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Journalism, Communication University of China, Beijing, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Journalism, Communication University of China, Beijing, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I75689368"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Duanwei Pan", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405279920", "display_name": "Shanghai Institute of Visual Arts", "ror": "https://ror.org/0262srr86", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4405279920"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Duanwei Pan", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["The School of Basic Education, Shanghai Institute of Visual Arts, Shanghai, China. 87194931@qq.com", "The School of Basic Education, Shanghai Institute of Visual Arts, Shanghai, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "The School of Basic Education, Shanghai Institute of Visual Arts, Shanghai, China. 87194931@qq.com", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4405279920"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "The School of Basic Education, Shanghai Institute of Visual Arts, Shanghai, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4405279920"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100323437", "display_name": "Hui Zhang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3432-6792", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3432-6792"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I181326427", "display_name": "Donghua University", "ror": "https://ror.org/035psfh38", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I181326427"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Hui Zhang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Physical Education, Donghua University, Shanghai, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Physical Education, Donghua University, Shanghai, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I181326427"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5108478205", "display_name": "Ying Fang", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I126520041", "display_name": "University of Science and Technology of China", "ror": "https://ror.org/04c4dkn09", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I126520041", "https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ying Fang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["College of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "College of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"This": [0], "study": [1], "examines": [2], "how": [3, 142], "matching": [4, 145], "Embodied": [5], "Conversational": [6], "Agents'": [7], "(ECAs)": [8], "appearance": [9, 90], "to": [10, 121], "message": [11], "emotional": [12], "tone": [13, 94], "enhances": [14], "eHealth": [15], "persuasion": [16, 76, 87], "through": [17, 62], "the": [18], "lens": [19], "of": [20, 47, 133], "Elaboration": [21], "Likelihood": [22], "Model": [23], "(ELM)": [24], "and": [25, 53, 118, 135], "Social": [26], "Cues": [27], "Theory.": [28], "Using": [29], "Event-Related": [30], "Potential": [31], "(ERP)": [32], "measurements": [33], "with": [34, 70, 92], "42": [35], "participants,": [36], "we": [37], "found": [38], "professional": [39, 89], "ECAs": [40, 110], "delivering": [41], "neutral": [42, 93], "messages": [43, 68], "elicited": [44], "neural": [45, 134], "signatures": [46], "reduced": [48], "cognitive": [49], "conflict": [50], "(smaller": [51], "N400)": [52], "increased": [54], "attention": [55], "(larger": [56], "LPP),": [57], "demonstrating": [58], "central": [59], "route": [60, 75], "processing": [61], "credible": [63], "source": [64], "cues.": [65], "Conversely,": [66], "positive": [67], "paired": [69], "casual": [71], "appearances": [72], "leveraged": [73], "peripheral": [74], "via": [77], "social": [78], "rapport.": [79], "Behavioral": [80], "data": [81], "confirmed": [82], "these": [83], "patterns,": [84], "showing": [85], "highest": [86], "when": [88], "aligned": [91], "-": [95], "a": [96], "congruence": [97], "effect": [98], "explained": [99], "by": [100, 114], "both": [101], "theories.": [102], "Results": [103], "provide": [104], "actionable": [105], "insights": [106], "for": [107, 141], "designing": [108], "persuasive": [109], "in": [111, 147], "healthcare": [112], "contexts": [113], "strategically": [115], "combining": [116], "visual": [117], "textual": [119], "cues": [120], "optimize": [122], "either": [123], "credibility": [124], "or": [125], "approachability": [126], "based": [127], "on": [128], "communication": [129], "goals.": [130], "The": [131], "integration": [132], "behavioral": [136], "measures": [137], "offers": [138], "novel": [139], "evidence": [140], "multimodal": [143], "cue": [144], "operates": [146], "digital": [148], "health": [149], "interventions.": [150]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10709", "display_name": "Social Robot Interaction and HRI", "score": 0.9136000275611877, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3207", "display_name": "Social Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10709", "display_name": "Social Robot Interaction and HRI", "score": 0.9136000275611877, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3207", "display_name": "Social Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12214", "display_name": "Media Influence and Health", "score": 0.05050000175833702, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1208", "display_name": "Literature and Literary Theory"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/12", "display_name": "Arts and Humanities"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10803", "display_name": "Innovative Human-Technology Interaction", "score": 0.017500000074505806, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1709", "display_name": "Human-Computer Interaction"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1038/s41598-025-26697-4", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-26697-4", "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-26697-4.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S196734849", "display_name": "Scientific Reports", "issn_l": "2045-2322", "issn": ["2045-2322"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "doaj", "doyens", "jufo-1", "ki-jl-1", "medline", "norway-1"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319908", "host_organization_name": "Nature Portfolio", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319908", "https://openalex.org/P4310319965"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Nature Portfolio", "Springer Nature"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by-nc-nd", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Scientific Reports", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 2, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4415404384", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5634270", "title": "Conversational AI: The Next Frontier of Digital Platform Monetization", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-01-01", "type": "preprint", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5043199158", "display_name": "Erik Hermann", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0895-3562", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0895-3562"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I254029264", "display_name": "European University Viadrina", "ror": "https://ror.org/02msan859", "country_code": "DE", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I254029264"]}], "countries": ["DE"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Erik Hermann", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["European University Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder)", "European University Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder), Grosse Scharrnstr. 59, Frankfurt (Oder), Brandenburg 15230, Germany"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "European University Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder)", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I254029264"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "European University Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder), Grosse Scharrnstr. 59, Frankfurt (Oder), Brandenburg 15230, Germany", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I254029264"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5086883230", "display_name": "Stefano Puntoni", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3259-2325", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3259-2325"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I79576946", "display_name": "University of Pennsylvania", "ror": "https://ror.org/00b30xv10", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Stefano Puntoni", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["University of Pennsylvania - The Wharton School", "University of Pennsylvania - The Wharton School, 3641 Locust Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6365, United States"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Pennsylvania - The Wharton School", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Pennsylvania - The Wharton School, 3641 Locust Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6365, United States", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5040636710", "display_name": "David A. Schweidel", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2665-3272", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2665-3272"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I150468666", "display_name": "Emory University", "ror": "https://ror.org/03czfpz43", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "David A. Schweidel", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Emory University - Department of Marketing", "Emory University - Department of Marketing, Goizueta Business School, 1300 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Emory University - Department of Marketing", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Emory University - Department of Marketing, Goizueta Business School, 1300 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": null, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.42800000309944153, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.42800000309944153, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10609", "display_name": "Digital Marketing and Social Media", "score": 0.2863999903202057, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3312", "display_name": "Sociology and Political Science"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11437", "display_name": "Digital Platforms and Economics", "score": 0.20100000500679016, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1408", "display_name": "Strategy and Management"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/14", "display_name": "Business, Management and Accounting"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.2139/ssrn.5634270", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5634270", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210172589", "display_name": "SSRN Electronic Journal", "issn_l": "1556-5068", "issn": ["1556-5068"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1318003438", "host_organization_name": "RELX Group (Netherlands)", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "acceptedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "posted-content"}, "cited_by_count": 4, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4416238828", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2511.10277", "title": "Fixed-Persona SLMs with Modular Memory: Scalable NPC Dialogue on Consumer Hardware", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-11-13", "type": "preprint", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5120353684", "display_name": "Martin Braas", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Braas, Martin", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5044584637", "display_name": "Lukas Esterle", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0248-1552", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0248-1552"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I204337017", "display_name": "Aarhus University", "ror": "https://ror.org/01aj84f44", "country_code": "DK", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}], "countries": ["DK"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Esterle, Lukas", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , Aarhus University"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , Aarhus University", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Large": [0], "Language": [1, 59], "Models": [2, 60], "(LLMs)": [3], "have": [4], "demonstrated": [5], "remarkable": [6], "capabilities": [7], "in": [8, 18, 127, 142], "generating": [9], "human-like": [10], "text,": [11], "yet": [12], "their": [13, 27], "applicability": [14], "to": [15, 36, 63], "dialogue": [16, 54], "systems": [17], "computer": [19], "games": [20], "remains": [21], "limited.": [22], "This": [23], "limitation": [24], "arises": [25], "from": [26], "substantial": [28], "hardware": [29], "requirements,": [30], "latency": [31], "constraints,": [32], "and": [33, 68, 81, 87, 108, 115, 132, 147], "the": [34], "necessity": [35], "maintain": [37], "clearly": [38], "defined": [39], "knowledge": [40], "boundaries": [41], "within": [42], "a": [43, 51], "game": [44], "setting.": [45], "In": [46], "this": [47], "paper,": [48], "we": [49], "propose": [50], "modular": [52, 130], "NPC": [53, 66], "system": [55, 101], "that": [56], "leverages": [57], "Small": [58], "(SLMs),": [61], "fine-tuned": [62], "encode": [64], "specific": [65], "personas": [67], "integrated": [69], "with": [70], "runtime-swappable": [71], "memory": [72, 75, 89, 134], "modules.": [73], "These": [74], "modules": [76], "preserve": [77], "character-specific": [78], "conversational": [79, 149], "context": [80], "world": [82], "knowledge,": [83], "enabling": [84], "expressive": [85], "interactions": [86], "long-term": [88], "without": [90], "retraining": [91], "or": [92, 158], "model": [93], "reloading": [94], "during": [95], "gameplay.": [96], "We": [97], "comprehensively": [98], "evaluate": [99], "our": [100, 121], "using": [102], "three": [103], "open-source": [104], "SLMs:": [105], "DistilGPT-2,": [106], "TinyLlama-1.1B-Chat,": [107], "Mistral-7B-Instruct,": [109], "trained": [110], "on": [111, 117], "synthetic": [112], "persona-aligned": [113], "data": [114], "benchmarked": [116], "consumer-grade": [118], "hardware.": [119], "While": [120], "approach": [122], "is": [123], "motivated": [124], "by": [125], "applications": [126], "gaming,": [128], "its": [129], "design": [131], "persona-driven": [133], "architecture": [135], "hold": [136], "significant": [137], "potential": [138], "for": [139], "broader": [140], "adoption": [141], "domains": [143], "requiring": [144], "expressive,": [145], "scalable,": [146], "memory-rich": [148], "agents,": [150], "such": [151], "as": [152], "virtual": [153], "assistants,": [154], "customer": [155], "support": [156], "bots,": [157], "interactive": [159], "educational": [160], "systems.": [161]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9345999956130981, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9345999956130981, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11574", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Games", "score": 0.06239999830722809, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10028", "display_name": "Topic Modeling", "score": 0.0005000000237487257, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2511.10277", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://arxiv.org/abs/2511.10277", "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.10277", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400194", "display_name": "arXiv (Cornell University)", "issn_l": "2331-8422", "issn": ["2331-8422"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I205783295", "host_organization_name": "Cornell University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I205783295"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "text"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W7115017446", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarped/v14-i4/27007", "title": "Generative Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Load in Second Language Learning: A Narrative Review", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-12-11", "type": "review", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Chenyu Li", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I885383172", "display_name": "National University of Malaysia", "ror": "https://ror.org/00bw8d226", "country_code": "MY", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}], "countries": ["MY"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Chenyu Li", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Faculty of Education , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Malaysia"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Faculty of Education , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Malaysia", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Amelia Alias", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I885383172", "display_name": "National University of Malaysia", "ror": "https://ror.org/00bw8d226", "country_code": "MY", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}], "countries": ["MY"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Amelia Alias", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Faculty of Education , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Malaysia"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Faculty of Education , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Malaysia", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Generative": [0], "artificial": [1], "intelligence": [2], "is": [3], "rapidly": [4], "reshaping": [5], "the": [6, 44, 69, 98, 121, 147, 154, 183, 191, 202, 205], "landscape": [7], "of": [8, 71, 129, 150, 156, 185, 207], "second": [9], "language": [10], "learning": [11, 51, 80, 96], "by": [12, 170], "offering": [13], "immediate": [14], "linguistic": [15], "support,": [16], "automated": [17], "feedback,": [18], "and": [19, 31, 74, 94, 113, 161, 182, 187, 204], "opportunities": [20, 203], "for": [21, 174, 199], "interactive": [22], "practice.": [23], "While": [24], "research": [25], "has": [26, 40], "documented": [27], "its": [28, 32, 141], "pedagogical": [29], "potential": [30], "influence": [33], "on": [34, 87, 140], "learner": [35], "affect,": [36], "far": [37], "less": [38], "attention": [39], "been": [41], "paid": [42], "to": [43, 63], "cognitive": [45, 76, 106, 130, 166, 186, 192], "mechanisms": [46], "through": [47], "which": [48], "AI": [49, 67, 102, 124, 209], "affects": [50], "processes.": [52], "This": [53], "article": [54], "adopts": [55], "Cognitive": [56], "Load": [57], "Theory": [58], "as": [59], "an": [60], "analytical": [61], "framework": [62], "examine": [64], "how": [65], "generative": [66, 208], "modifies": [68], "distribution": [70], "intrinsic,": [72], "extraneous,": [73], "germane": [75], "load": [77, 193], "during": [78], "L2": [79, 211], "tasks.": [81], "By": [82], "synthesizing": [83], "findings": [84], "from": [85], "studies": [86], "conversational": [88], "AI,": [89], "human\u2013AI": [90], "interaction,": [91], "digital": [92], "communication,": [93], "AI-enhanced": [95], "environments,": [97], "review": [99, 144], "shows": [100], "that": [101], "can": [103], "reduce": [104], "unnecessary": [105], "burden,": [107], "make": [108], "complex": [109], "tasks": [110], "more": [111], "manageable,": [112], "facilitate": [114], "deeper": [115], "processing": [116], "under": [117], "appropriate": [118], "conditions.": [119], "At": [120], "same": [122], "time,": [123], "may": [125], "introduce": [126], "new": [127], "sources": [128], "strain": [131], "or": [132], "encourage": [133], "superficial": [134], "engagement": [135], "when": [136], "learners": [137], "rely": [138], "uncritically": [139], "output.": [142], "The": [143], "further": [145], "discusses": [146], "instructional": [148], "implications": [149], "these": [151], "patterns,": [152], "emphasizing": [153], "roles": [155], "task": [157], "design,": [158], "teacher": [159], "orchestration,": [160], "emotional": [162], "factors": [163], "in": [164, 210], "regulating": [165], "load.": [167], "It": [168], "concludes": [169], "identifying": [171], "key": [172], "directions": [173], "future": [175], "research,": [176], "including": [177], "longitudinal": [178], "analyses,": [179], "individual": [180], "differences,": [181], "integration": [184], "social": [188], "perspectives.": [189], "Overall,": [190], "lens": [194], "provides": [195], "a": [196], "productive": [197], "foundation": [198], "understanding": [200], "both": [201], "constraints": [206], "learning.": [212]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T14414", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Education", "score": 0.42260000109672546, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T14414", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Education", "score": 0.42260000109672546, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10021", "display_name": "EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning", "score": 0.2847000062465668, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1203", "display_name": "Language and Linguistics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/12", "display_name": "Arts and Humanities"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11516", "display_name": "Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes", "score": 0.1315000057220459, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3205", "display_name": "Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.6007/ijarped/v14-i4/27007", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarped/v14-i4/27007", "pdf_url": "https://hrmars.com/papers_submitted/27007/generative-artificial-intelligence-and-cognitive-load-in-second-language-learning-a-narrative-review.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210173887", "display_name": "International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development", "issn_l": "2226-6348", "issn": ["2226-6348", "2312-1319"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4322696514", "host_organization_name": "Human Resource Management Academic Research Society", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4322696514"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Human Resource Management Academic Research Society"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 1, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4410325704", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem47748", "title": "Building Smarter End-Of-Turn Detection for Conversational AI Using Transformer-Based Semantic Models", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-05-12", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "author", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "author", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Shiv Singh", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Shiv Singh", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Abstract": [0], "This": [1], "paper": [2], "presents": [3], "a": [4, 24, 66, 84, 94, 124], "novel": [5], "approach": [6, 64], "to": [7, 52, 59, 81, 102, 119, 135], "end-of-turn": [8], "detection": [9, 18, 28], "for": [10], "conversational": [11, 39, 156], "AI": [12, 40], "systems,": [13], "combining": [14], "traditional": [15], "voice": [16], "activity": [17, 181], "(VAD)": [19], "with": [20, 122, 146], "semantic": [21, 55], "understanding": [22], "through": [23], "transformer-based": [25], "model.": [26], "End-of-turn": [27, 173], "remains": [29], "one": [30], "of": [31, 36, 98, 127], "the": [32, 54, 72], "most": [33], "challenging": [34], "aspects": [35], "creating": [37], "natural": [38], "interfaces,": [41], "as": [42], "current": [43], "systems": [44], "rely": [45], "primarily": [46], "on": [47, 71, 143], "silence": [48], "thresholds": [49], "that": [50, 75, 109], "fail": [51], "capture": [53], "cues": [56], "humans": [57], "use": [58], "determine": [60], "speaking": [61, 89], "turns.": [62], "Our": [63], "leverages": [65], "lightweight": [67], "transformer": [68], "model": [69, 92], "based": [70], "Gemma-3-1b": [73], "architecture": [74], "analyzes": [76], "transcribed": [77], "speech": [78], "in": [79], "real-time": [80], "predict": [82], "when": [83], "user": [85], "has": [86], "completed": [87], "their": [88], "turn.": [90], "The": [91, 138], "utilizes": [93], "sliding": [95], "context": [96], "window": [97], "recent": [99], "conversation": [100], "turns": [101, 131], "make": [103], "these": [104], "predictions.": [105], "Experimental": [106], "results": [107], "demonstrate": [108], "our": [110], "hybrid": [111], "system": [112, 140], "reduces": [113], "unintentional": [114], "interruptions": [115], "by": [116], "85%": [117], "compared": [118], "VAD-only": [120], "approaches,": [121], "only": [123], "3%": [125], "rate": [126], "false": [128], "negatives": [129], "where": [130], "are": [132], "incorrectly": [133], "determined": [134], "be": [136], "incomplete.": [137], "proposed": [139], "operates": [141], "effectively": [142], "consumer": [144], "hardware": [145], "minimal": [147], "latency": [148], "(~50ms)": [149], "and": [150, 166], "demonstrates": [151], "robust": [152], "performance": [153], "across": [154], "various": [155], "contexts": [157], "including": [158], "complex": [159], "information": [160], "gathering": [161], "scenarios": [162], "like": [163], "address": [164], "collection": [165], "customer": [167], "service": [168], "interactions.": [169], "Keywords:": [170], "Conversational": [171], "AI,": [172], "detection,": [174, 182], "Transformer": [175], "models,": [176], "Natural": [177], "language": [178], "processing,": [179], "Voice": [180], "Turn-taking,": [183], "Human-computer": [184], "interaction": [185]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9077000021934509, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9077000021934509, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10201", "display_name": "Speech Recognition and Synthesis", "score": 0.09080000221729279, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10860", "display_name": "Speech and Audio Processing", "score": 0.0007999999797903001, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1711", "display_name": "Signal Processing"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.55041/ijsrem47748", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem47748", "pdf_url": "https://ijsrem.com/download/building-smarter-end-of-turn-detection-for-conversational-ai-using-transformer-based-semantic-models/?wpdmdl=52171&refresh=682441e5376891747206629", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210240841", "display_name": "INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT", "issn_l": "2582-3930", "issn": ["2582-3930"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 1, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4410326553", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.36647/ciml/06.01.a001", "title": "Transforming Language Education: Opportunities and Challenges of AI", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-01-01", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [], "abstract_inverted_index": {"This": [0, 161], "study": [1, 33, 162, 195], "explores": [2], "the": [3, 36, 52, 55, 91, 112, 158, 194, 197, 214, 221, 229, 248], "diverse": [4], "applications": [5, 37], "of": [6, 40, 48, 54, 61, 81, 93, 108, 138, 201, 217], "artificial": [7], "intelligence": [8], "(AI)": [9], "in": [10, 31, 42, 68, 95, 126, 182, 203, 220, 290], "language": [11, 43, 73, 134, 141, 172, 187, 204, 291], "education": [12, 113, 127, 142, 252], "and": [13, 21, 38, 65, 72, 88, 147, 156, 175, 178, 186, 199, 213, 259, 272, 276, 284], "its": [14, 192, 263, 288], "potential": [15, 249], "to": [16, 34, 133, 191, 237, 250, 280, 286], "create": [17], "more": [18], "engaging,": [19], "accessible,": [20], "efficient": [22], "learning": [23, 148, 173, 222, 255], "environments.": [24], "A": [25, 45], "descriptive": [26], "research": [27], "methodology": [28], "is": [29, 76, 143], "employed": [30], "this": [32], "explore": [35], "impacts": [39], "AI": [41, 94, 102, 121, 139, 202, 225, 246, 282], "education.": [44, 292], "comprehensive": [46], "review": [47], "existing": [49], "literature": [50], "forms": [51], "backbone": [53], "research,": [56], "allowing": [57], "for": [58, 270], "an": [59, 105], "assessment": [60], "various": [62, 164], "AI-driven": [63, 165], "technologies": [64, 122], "their": [66, 124, 180], "effectiveness": [67, 181], "enhancing": [69, 254], "learner": [70, 184], "engagement": [71, 185], "proficiency.": [74, 188], "Data": [75], "collected": [77], "from": [78], "a": [79], "range": [80], "sources,": [82], "including": [83, 111], "academic": [84], "journals,": [85], "case": [86], "studies,": [87], "reports": [89], "on": [90], "implementation": [92], "educational": [96, 159], "settings.": [97], "With": [98], "rapid": [99], "technological": [100], "advancements,": [101], "has": [103, 116, 128, 247], "become": [104], "integral": [106], "part": [107], "daily": [109], "life,": [110], "sector,": [114], "which": [115], "embraced": [117], "these": [118], "developments.": [119], "As": [120], "evolve,": [123], "role": [125], "expanded,": [129], "introducing": [130], "innovative": [131], "approaches": [132], "learning.": [135], "The": [136], "integration": [137, 264], "into": [140], "transforming": [144], "traditional": [145, 242], "teaching": [146, 243], "methods": [149], "by": [150, 253], "offering": [151], "advanced": [152], "tools": [153], "that": [154, 232], "support": [155], "enhance": [157], "process.": [160, 223], "examines": [163], "technologies,": [166], "such": [167], "as": [168], "intelligent": [169], "tutoring": [170], "systems,": [171], "applications,": [174], "conversational": [176], "agents,": [177], "evaluates": [179], "improving": [183, 257], "In": [189], "addition": [190], "benefits,": [193], "addresses": [196], "challenges": [198], "limitations": [200], "instruction.": [205], "Key": [206], "issues": [207], "include": [208], "accessibility,": [209, 258], "data": [210], "privacy": [211], "concerns,": [212], "irreplaceable": [215], "value": [216], "human": [218], "interaction": [219], "While": [224], "provides": [226], "significant": [227, 268], "advantages,": [228], "findings": [230], "emphasize": [231], "it": [233], "should": [234], "be": [235], "used": [236], "complement,": [238], "rather": [239], "than": [240], "replace,": [241], "methods.": [244], "Ultimately,": [245], "reshape": [251], "experiences,": [256], "increasing": [260], "efficiency.": [261], "Neglecting": [262], "would": [265], "mean": [266], "missing": [267], "opportunities": [269], "growth": [271], "innovation.": [273], "Therefore,": [274], "educators": [275], "institutions": [277], "are": [278], "encouraged": [279], "adopt": [281], "responsibly": [283], "effectively": [285], "maximize": [287], "benefits": [289]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T14414", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Education", "score": 0.9926999807357788, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T14414", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Education", "score": 0.9926999807357788, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12260", "display_name": "Educational Technology and Pedagogy", "score": 0.002400000113993883, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11902", "display_name": "Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning", "score": 0.00139999995008111, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.36647/ciml/06.01.a001", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.36647/ciml/06.01.a001", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4387284221", "display_name": "Computational Intelligence and Machine Learning", "issn_l": "2582-7464", "issn": ["2582-7464"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Computational Intelligence and Machine Learning", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4414755928", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2025.069134", "title": "Prompt-Guided Dialogue State Tracking with GPT-2 and Graph Attention", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-01-01", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100732306", "display_name": "Muhammad Asif Khan", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7779-2224", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7779-2224"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I16292982", "display_name": "National Institute of Technology Rourkela", "ror": "https://ror.org/011gmn932", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I16292982"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I21370196", "display_name": "Aristotle University of Thessaloniki", "ror": "https://ror.org/02j61yw88", "country_code": "GR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I28777354", "display_name": "Sejong University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00aft1q37", "country_code": "KR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405263273", "display_name": "Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal", "ror": "https://ror.org/04jnrse34", "country_code": "PK", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4405263273"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN", "GR", "IN", "KR", "PK"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Muhammad Asif Khan", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China 2 Department of AI and Data Science, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea 3 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, India 4 Department of Computer Science, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, 18050, Pakistan 5 Department of Computer Science, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan 6 School of Computing, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea 7 Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China 2 Department of AI and Data Science, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea 3 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, India 4 Department of Computer Science, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, 18050, Pakistan 5 Department of Computer Science, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan 6 School of Computing, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea 7 Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I16292982", "https://openalex.org/I21370196", "https://openalex.org/I28777354", "https://openalex.org/I4405263273", "https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5018600925", "display_name": "Dildar Hussain", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9007-6284", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9007-6284"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I16292982", "display_name": "National Institute of Technology Rourkela", "ror": "https://ror.org/011gmn932", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I16292982"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I21370196", "display_name": "Aristotle University of Thessaloniki", "ror": "https://ror.org/02j61yw88", "country_code": "GR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I28777354", "display_name": "Sejong University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00aft1q37", "country_code": "KR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405263273", "display_name": "Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal", "ror": "https://ror.org/04jnrse34", "country_code": "PK", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4405263273"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN", "GR", "IN", "KR", "PK"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Dildar Hussain", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China 2 Department of AI and Data Science, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea 3 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, India 4 Department of Computer Science, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, 18050, Pakistan 5 Department of Computer Science, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan 6 School of Computing, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea 7 Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China 2 Department of AI and Data Science, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea 3 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, India 4 Department of Computer Science, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, 18050, Pakistan 5 Department of Computer Science, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan 6 School of Computing, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea 7 Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I16292982", "https://openalex.org/I21370196", "https://openalex.org/I28777354", "https://openalex.org/I4405263273", "https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5005897476", "display_name": "Bhuyan Kaibalya Prasad", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1655-3297", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1655-3297"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I16292982", "display_name": "National Institute of Technology Rourkela", "ror": "https://ror.org/011gmn932", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I16292982"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I21370196", "display_name": "Aristotle University of Thessaloniki", "ror": "https://ror.org/02j61yw88", "country_code": "GR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I28777354", "display_name": "Sejong University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00aft1q37", "country_code": "KR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405263273", "display_name": "Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal", "ror": "https://ror.org/04jnrse34", "country_code": "PK", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4405263273"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN", "GR", "IN", "KR", "PK"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Bhuyan Kaibalya Prasad", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China 2 Department of AI and Data Science, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea 3 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, India 4 Department of Computer Science, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, 18050, Pakistan 5 Department of Computer Science, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan 6 School of Computing, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea 7 Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China 2 Department of AI and Data Science, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea 3 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, India 4 Department of Computer Science, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, 18050, Pakistan 5 Department of Computer Science, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan 6 School of Computing, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea 7 Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I16292982", "https://openalex.org/I21370196", "https://openalex.org/I28777354", "https://openalex.org/I4405263273", "https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5108013133", "display_name": "Irfan Ullah", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0693-5467", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0693-5467"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I16292982", "display_name": "National Institute of Technology Rourkela", "ror": "https://ror.org/011gmn932", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I16292982"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I21370196", "display_name": "Aristotle University of Thessaloniki", "ror": "https://ror.org/02j61yw88", "country_code": "GR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I28777354", "display_name": "Sejong University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00aft1q37", "country_code": "KR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405263273", "display_name": "Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal", "ror": "https://ror.org/04jnrse34", "country_code": "PK", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4405263273"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN", "GR", "IN", "KR", "PK"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Irfan Ullah", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China 2 Department of AI and Data Science, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea 3 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, India 4 Department of Computer Science, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, 18050, Pakistan 5 Department of Computer Science, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan 6 School of Computing, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea 7 Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China 2 Department of AI and Data Science, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea 3 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, India 4 Department of Computer Science, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, 18050, Pakistan 5 Department of Computer Science, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan 6 School of Computing, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea 7 Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I16292982", "https://openalex.org/I21370196", "https://openalex.org/I28777354", "https://openalex.org/I4405263273", "https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Inayat Khan", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I16292982", "display_name": "National Institute of Technology Rourkela", "ror": "https://ror.org/011gmn932", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I16292982"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I21370196", "display_name": "Aristotle University of Thessaloniki", "ror": "https://ror.org/02j61yw88", "country_code": "GR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I28777354", "display_name": "Sejong University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00aft1q37", "country_code": "KR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405263273", "display_name": "Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal", "ror": "https://ror.org/04jnrse34", "country_code": "PK", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4405263273"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN", "GR", "IN", "KR", "PK"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Inayat Khan", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China 2 Department of AI and Data Science, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea 3 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, India 4 Department of Computer Science, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, 18050, Pakistan 5 Department of Computer Science, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan 6 School of Computing, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea 7 Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China 2 Department of AI and Data Science, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea 3 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, India 4 Department of Computer Science, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, 18050, Pakistan 5 Department of Computer Science, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan 6 School of Computing, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea 7 Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I16292982", "https://openalex.org/I21370196", "https://openalex.org/I28777354", "https://openalex.org/I4405263273", "https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5024851595", "display_name": "Jawad Khan", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-7213", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-7213"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I16292982", "display_name": "National Institute of Technology Rourkela", "ror": "https://ror.org/011gmn932", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I16292982"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I21370196", "display_name": "Aristotle University of Thessaloniki", "ror": "https://ror.org/02j61yw88", "country_code": "GR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I28777354", "display_name": "Sejong University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00aft1q37", "country_code": "KR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405263273", "display_name": "Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal", "ror": "https://ror.org/04jnrse34", "country_code": "PK", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4405263273"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN", "GR", "IN", "KR", "PK"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jawad Khan", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China 2 Department of AI and Data Science, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea 3 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, India 4 Department of Computer Science, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, 18050, Pakistan 5 Department of Computer Science, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan 6 School of Computing, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea 7 Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China 2 Department of AI and Data Science, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea 3 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, India 4 Department of Computer Science, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, 18050, Pakistan 5 Department of Computer Science, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan 6 School of Computing, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea 7 Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I16292982", "https://openalex.org/I21370196", "https://openalex.org/I28777354", "https://openalex.org/I4405263273", "https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5022731366", "display_name": "Yeong Hyeon Gu", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0002-9386", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0002-9386"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I16292982", "display_name": "National Institute of Technology Rourkela", "ror": "https://ror.org/011gmn932", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I16292982"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I21370196", "display_name": "Aristotle University of Thessaloniki", "ror": "https://ror.org/02j61yw88", "country_code": "GR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I28777354", "display_name": "Sejong University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00aft1q37", "country_code": "KR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405263273", "display_name": "Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal", "ror": "https://ror.org/04jnrse34", "country_code": "PK", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4405263273"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN", "GR", "IN", "KR", "PK"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Yeong Hyeon Gu", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China 2 Department of AI and Data Science, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea 3 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, India 4 Department of Computer Science, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, 18050, Pakistan 5 Department of Computer Science, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan 6 School of Computing, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea 7 Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China 2 Department of AI and Data Science, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea 3 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, India 4 Department of Computer Science, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, 18050, Pakistan 5 Department of Computer Science, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan 6 School of Computing, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea 7 Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I16292982", "https://openalex.org/I21370196", "https://openalex.org/I28777354", "https://openalex.org/I4405263273", "https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5070662893", "display_name": "Pavlos Kefalas", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7197-1416", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7197-1416"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I16292982", "display_name": "National Institute of Technology Rourkela", "ror": "https://ror.org/011gmn932", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I16292982"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I21370196", "display_name": "Aristotle University of Thessaloniki", "ror": "https://ror.org/02j61yw88", "country_code": "GR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I28777354", "display_name": "Sejong University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00aft1q37", "country_code": "KR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405263273", "display_name": "Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal", "ror": "https://ror.org/04jnrse34", "country_code": "PK", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4405263273"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I76569877", "display_name": "Southeast University", "ror": "https://ror.org/04ct4d772", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}], "countries": ["CN", "GR", "IN", "KR", "PK"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Pavlos Kefalas", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China 2 Department of AI and Data Science, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea 3 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, India 4 Department of Computer Science, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, 18050, Pakistan 5 Department of Computer Science, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan 6 School of Computing, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea 7 Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China 2 Department of AI and Data Science, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea 3 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, India 4 Department of Computer Science, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, 18050, Pakistan 5 Department of Computer Science, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan 6 School of Computing, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea 7 Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I16292982", "https://openalex.org/I21370196", "https://openalex.org/I28777354", "https://openalex.org/I4405263273", "https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Dialogue": [0], "State": [1], "Tracking": [2], "(DST)": [3], "is": [4], "a": [5], "critical": [6], "component": [7], "of": [8, 20], "task-oriented": [9], "spoken": [10], "dialogue": [11], "systems": [12], "(SDS),": [13], "tasked": [14], "with": [15], "maintaining": [16], "an": [17], "accurate": [18], "representation": [19], "the": [21, 37], "conversational": [22], "state": [23], "by": [24], "predicting": [25], "slots": [26], "and": [27, 34], "their": [28], "corresponding": [29], "...": [30], "|": [31], "Find,": [32], "read": [33], "cite": [35], "all": [36], "research": [38], "you": [39], "need": [40], "on": [41], "Tech": [42], "Science": [43], "Press": [44]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 1.0, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 1.0, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.0, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10201", "display_name": "Speech Recognition and Synthesis", "score": 0.0, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.32604/cmc.2025.069134", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2025.069134", "pdf_url": "https://cdn.techscience.press/files/cmc/2025/TSP_CMC-85-3/TSP_CMC_69134/TSP_CMC_69134.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210191605", "display_name": "Computers, materials & continua/Computers, materials & continua (Print)", "issn_l": "1546-2218", "issn": ["1546-2218", "1546-2226"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "jufo-1", "ki-jl-1", "norway-1"], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Computers, Materials &amp; Continua", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4416026306", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.75076", "title": "LifeTrack - An IoT and AI-Based Real-Time Health Monitoring and Mental Wellness Support System", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-11-08", "type": "article", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5120305591", "display_name": "Sherlin Shetty W V", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Sherlin Shetty W V", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"LifeTrack": [0], "is": [1, 102], "a": [2, 64, 85, 138], "real-time": [3], "IoT,": [4], "cloud": [5], "infrastructure,": [6], "and": [7, 19, 30, 39, 60, 75, 79, 125, 151, 155, 164], "AI-based": [8], "integrated": [9], "web": [10], "monitoring": [11], "system": [12, 112], "that": [13], "continuously": [14], "monitors": [15], "chronic": [16], "disease": [17], "risk": [18], "supports": [20], "mental": [21, 105], "health.": [22], "Wearable": [23], "sensors,": [24], "such": [25], "as": [26], "MAX30102,": [27], "AD8232,": [28], "WCmcu101,": [29], "MPU6050": [31], "interfaced": [32], "with": [33, 144, 161], "an": [34, 114], "ESP32": [35], "microcontroller,": [36], "collect": [37], "physiological": [38], "motion": [40], "data;": [41], "streams": [42, 81], "data": [43, 51], "via": [44, 52], "MQTT": [45], "to": [46, 63], "the": [47, 53, 111, 129], "ThingSpeak": [48], "cloud;": [49], "ingests": [50], "Node.js": [54], "backend;": [55], "stores": [56], "it": [57, 62], "in": [58], "MongoDB;": [59], "relays": [61], "FastAPI": [65], "microservice": [66], "hosting": [67], "machine": [68], "learning": [69], "models": [70], "for": [71, 92, 104], "arrhythmia,": [72], "hypertension,": [73], "hypoxia,": [74], "fall": [76], "detection.": [77], "Predictions": [78], "sensor": [80, 165], "are": [82], "displayed": [83], "on": [84, 158], "React": [86], "+": [87], "Tailwind": [88], "dashboard": [89], "using": [90], "Socket.IO": [91], "realtime": [93], "updates.": [94], "A": [95], "Google": [96], "Gemini": [97], "1.5": [98], "conversational": [99], "AI": [100], "chatbot": [101], "embedded": [103], "wellness": [106], "support.": [107], "In": [108], "experimental": [109], "evaluations,": [110], "achieved": [113], "average": [115], "predictive": [116], "accuracy": [117], "of": [118, 141], "90%": [119], "(arrhythmia),": [120], "87%": [121], "(hypertension),": [122], "92%": [123], "(hypoxia),": [124], "88%": [126], "(fall),": [127], "while": [128], "end-to-end": [130], "latency": [131], "remained": [132], "below": [133], "2": [134], "seconds.": [135], "We": [136], "present": [137], "comparative": [139], "study": [140], "our": [142], "architecture": [143], "existing": [145], "IoT": [146], "health": [147], "systems,": [148], "discussing": [149], "scalability": [150], "privacy": [152], "concerns,": [153], "limitations,": [154], "future": [156], "directions": [157], "tight": [159], "integration": [160], "hospital": [162], "systems": [163], "multimodal": [166], "fusion": [167]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13038", "display_name": "Internet of Things and AI", "score": 0.3718000054359436, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T13038", "display_name": "Internet of Things and AI", "score": 0.3718000054359436, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11196", "display_name": "Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring", "score": 0.367900013923645, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2204", "display_name": "Biomedical Engineering"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22", "display_name": "Engineering"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11021", "display_name": "ECG Monitoring and Analysis", "score": 0.05829999968409538, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2705", "display_name": "Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.22214/ijraset.2025.75076", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.75076", "pdf_url": "https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.75076", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764566388", "display_name": "International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology", "issn_l": "2321-9653", "issn": ["2321-9653"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4322614460", "host_organization_name": "International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (IJRASET)", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4322614460"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (IJRASET)"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W7113895167", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.70401/ec.2025.0013", "title": "Conversing with AI agents in VR: An early investigation of alignment and modality", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-12-10", "type": "article", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Frederik Rueb", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4344-133X", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4344-133X"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I113979032", "display_name": "Twitter (United States)", "ror": "https://ror.org/04wt43v05", "country_code": "US", "type": "company", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I113979032"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Frederik Rueb", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["https://ror.org/02t274463, https://ror.org/00fbnyb24"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4344-133X", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "https://ror.org/02t274463, https://ror.org/00fbnyb24", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I113979032"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Misha Sra", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I113979032", "display_name": "Twitter (United States)", "ror": "https://ror.org/04wt43v05", "country_code": "US", "type": "company", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I113979032"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Misha Sra", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["https://ror.org/02t274463"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "https://ror.org/02t274463", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I113979032"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Aims:": [0], "We": [1, 61], "present": [2], "an": [3], "early": [4, 252], "investigation": [5], "of": [6, 105, 147], "how": [7, 27, 45], "people": [8], "interact": [9], "with": [10, 79, 90, 142, 218], "human-like": [11], "Artificial": [12], "Intelligence": [13], "(AI)": [14], "agents": [15, 32, 214, 227, 257], "in": [16, 84, 229, 263], "virtual": [17, 86], "reality": [18, 87], "when": [19, 241], "discussing": [20], "ideologically": [21, 233], "sensitive": [22, 267], "topics.": [23], "Specifically,": [24], "it": [25, 193], "examines": [26], "users": [28], "respond": [29], "to": [30, 131, 204, 251], "AI": [31, 93, 144, 213, 226], "that": [33, 154, 169, 225, 258], "express": [34], "either": [35], "congruent": [36, 67], "or": [37, 185, 239, 265], "incongruent": [38], "opinions": [39], "on": [40, 115], "a": [41, 63, 91], "controversial": [42], "issue,": [43], "and": [44, 48, 57, 102, 107, 113, 135, 150, 160, 175, 209, 245, 261], "alignment,": [46], "modality,": [47], "agent": [49, 58, 94, 145], "behaviors": [50], "shape": [51], "perceived": [52, 173, 196], "conversation": [53], "quality,": [54], "psychological": [55], "comfort,": [56], "credibility.": [59], "Methods:": [60], "conducted": [62], "2": [64, 71], "(agent": [65], "opinion:": [66], "vs.": [68, 75], "incongruent)": [69], "\u00d7": [70], "(input": [72], "modality:": [73], "text": [74], "voice)": [76], "between-subjects": [77], "experiment": [78], "36": [80], "participants": [81], "who": [82], "engaged": [83, 140], "five-minute": [85], "(VR)-based": [88], "conversations": [89, 235], "GPT-4-powered": [92], "about": [95], "U.S.": [96], "gun": [97], "laws.": [98], "Participants": [99, 139], "completed": [100], "pre-": [101], "post-study": [103], "measures": [104], "opinion": [106, 170], "emotional": [108, 164, 246], "states,": [109], "evaluated": [110], "the": [111, 116, 125, 143, 155, 182, 205], "agent,": [112], "reflected": [114], "interaction.": [117], "In": [118], "addition,": [119], "dialogue": [120], "transcripts": [121], "were": [122, 157], "analyzed": [123], "using": [124], "Issue-based": [126], "Information": [127], "System": [128], "(IBIS)": [129], "framework": [130], "characterize": [132], "argument": [133], "structure": [134], "engagement": [136], "patterns.": [137], "Results:": [138], "willingly": [141], "regardless": [146], "its": [148], "stance,": [149], "qualitative": [151], "responses": [152], "suggest": [153], "interactions": [156], "generally": [158], "respectful": [159], "characterized": [161], "by": [162], "low": [163], "intensity.": [165], "Quantitative": [166], "results": [167], "show": [168], "alignment": [171], "influenced": [172], "bias": [174], "conversational": [176, 256], "impact,": [177], "but": [178], "did": [179], "not": [180], "affect": [181], "agent\u2019s": [183, 206], "competence": [184], "likability.": [186], "While": [187], "voice": [188], "input": [189], "yielded": [190], "richer": [191], "dialogue,": [192], "also": [194], "heightened": [195], "bias.": [197], "Qualitative": [198], "findings": [199, 249], "further": [200], "highlight": [201], "participants\u2019": [202], "sensitivity": [203], "ideological": [207], "stance": [208], "their": [210, 219], "preference": [211], "for": [212, 243, 255], "whose": [215], "views": [216], "aligned": [217], "own.": [220], "Conclusion:": [221], "Our": [222], "study": [223], "suggests": [224], "embodied": [228], "VR": [230], "can": [231], "support": [232], "challenging": [234], "without": [236], "inducing": [237], "defensiveness": [238], "discomfort": [240], "designed": [242], "neutrality": [244], "safety.": [247], "These": [248], "point": [250], "design": [253], "directions": [254], "scaffold": [259], "reflection": [260], "perspective-taking": [262], "politically": [264], "ethically": [266], "domains.": [268]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10709", "display_name": "Social Robot Interaction and HRI", "score": 0.8012999892234802, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3207", "display_name": "Social Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10709", "display_name": "Social Robot Interaction and HRI", "score": 0.8012999892234802, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3207", "display_name": "Social Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.04439999908208847, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10648", "display_name": "Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts", "score": 0.035599999129772186, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1709", "display_name": "Human-Computer Interaction"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.70401/ec.2025.0013", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.70401/ec.2025.0013", "pdf_url": "https://oss.sciexplor.com/manuscript/593/publish/EC_202524.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S5407055589", "display_name": "Empathic Computing", "issn_l": "3106-8065", "issn": ["3106-8065"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": ["norway-1"], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Empathic Computing", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 2, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4417332205", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.2196/73033", "title": "Exploring the Role of App Features in Providing Continuity of Care to Users on a Digital Mental Health Platform (Wysa): Retrospective Mixed Methods Observational Study", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-12-15", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5036241944", "display_name": "Chaitali Sinha", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8919-7134", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8919-7134"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Chaitali Sinha", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Wysa Inc, 131 Dartmouth Street #3, Boston, MA, 02116, United States"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8919-7134", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Wysa Inc, 131 Dartmouth Street #3, Boston, MA, 02116, United States", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Riddhi Thakkar", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4796-0882", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4796-0882"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Riddhi Thakkar", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Wysa Inc, 131 Dartmouth Street #3, Boston, MA, 02116, United States"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4796-0882", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Wysa Inc, 131 Dartmouth Street #3, Boston, MA, 02116, United States", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5020545855", "display_name": "Saha Meheli", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7728-8581", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7728-8581"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Saha Meheli", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Wysa Inc, 131 Dartmouth Street #3, Boston, MA, 02116, United States"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7728-8581", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Wysa Inc, 131 Dartmouth Street #3, Boston, MA, 02116, United States", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5006190180", "display_name": "Dyuthi Dinesh", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3460-9355", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3460-9355"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Dyuthi Dinesh", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Wysa Inc, 131 Dartmouth Street #3, Boston, MA, 02116, United States"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3460-9355", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Wysa Inc, 131 Dartmouth Street #3, Boston, MA, 02116, United States", "institution_ids": []}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Background:": [0], "Despite": [1], "digital": [2, 31, 47], "mental": [3, 14, 36, 48, 57, 74, 113, 338], "health": [4, 15, 37, 49, 58, 75, 114, 339], "services": [5], "growing": [6], "at": [7], "a": [8, 53, 268], "rapid": [9], "pace": [10], "to": [11, 42, 45, 64, 81, 86, 109, 162, 284, 327], "address": [12], "global": [13], "needs,": [16], "there": [17], "exist": [18], "challenges": [19], "of": [20, 27, 68, 72, 150, 190, 200, 208, 228, 302, 331], "low": [21], "engagement": [22, 83, 125, 320], "and": [23, 40, 78, 84, 120, 141, 174, 192, 233, 315], "attrition.": [24], "Ensuring": [25], "continuity": [26, 307], "care": [28, 38, 309], "in": [29, 187, 219, 308, 334], "the": [30, 66, 73, 87, 127, 136, 151, 188, 198, 201, 209, 217, 231, 235, 289, 329], "context": [32], "can": [33], "positively": [34], "impact": [35, 67, 330], "delivery": [39, 310], "adherence": [41, 85], "treatment,": [43], "helping": [44], "establish": [46], "interventions": [50, 134], "(DMHIs)": [51], "as": [52, 132, 282], "viable": [54], "option": [55], "for": [56], "support.": [59], "Objective:": [60], "This": [61, 92], "study": [62, 97], "aimed": [63], "examine": [65], "adjunct": [69, 128, 210, 290, 303], "app": [70, 76, 102, 129, 152, 169, 211, 232, 291, 304], "features": [71, 153, 249, 292, 305], "Wysa": [77], "their": [79], "ability": [80], "promote": [82], "text-based": [88, 110], "coaching": [89], "sessions.": [90, 221], "Methods:": [91], "retrospective": [93], "mixed": [94], "methods": [95], "observational": [96], "was": [98, 143, 154, 166, 184], "based": [99], "on": [100, 336], "real-world": [101], "data": [103], "from": [104], "users": [105, 171, 176, 243, 256, 278], "(n=1213)": [106], "who": [107, 244, 257], "subscribed": [108], "sessions": [111, 163, 253, 286, 312], "with": [112, 126, 135, 164, 216, 234, 255, 267, 313, 318, 321], "coaches": [115], "(MHCs)": [116], "between": [117, 168, 220, 311], "February": [118], "1": [119], "July": [121], "31,": [122], "2022.": [123], "Their": [124], "features,": [130, 212], "such": [131], "brief": [133], "conversational": [137], "agent,": [138], "self-management": [139], "tools,": [140], "journaling,": [142], "analyzed": [144], "quantitatively": [145], "using": [146, 157, 179, 288], "descriptive": [147], "statistics.": [148, 181], "Acceptability": [149], "also": [155], "assessed": [156], "qualitative": [158], "feedback": [159], "data.": [160], "Adherence": [161], "MHCs": [165, 218, 314], "compared": [167, 254], "feature": [170, 262], "(n=1042,": [172], "85.9%)": [173], "nonfeature": [175], "(n=171,": [177], "14.1%)": [178], "inferential": [180], "Subgroup": [182], "analysis": [183, 224, 275], "not": [185, 259], "feasible": [186], "absence": [189], "demographic": [191], "clinical": [193, 337], "user": [194, 226], "data,": [195], "potentially": [196], "limiting": [197], "generalizability": [199], "findings.": [202], "Results:": [203], "Findings": [204], "demonstrated": [205], "high": [206], "use": [207, 260], "which": [213], "allowed": [214], "communication": [215], "The": [222, 237, 272], "thematic": [223], "captures": [225], "experiences": [227], "helpfulness": [229], "within": [230], "MHCs.": [236], "Mann-Whitney": [238], "U": [239], "test": [240], "indicated": [241, 276], "that": [242, 277], "accessed": [245], "one": [246], "or": [247], "more": [248, 252], "completed": [250], "significantly": [251], "did": [258], "any": [261], "(Mann-Whitney": [263], "U=154,085.0;": [264], "P<.001;": [265], "rB=0.73)": [266], "large": [269], "effect": [270], "size.": [271], "odds": [273], "ratio": [274, 294], "were": [279], "almost": [280], "thrice": [281], "likely": [283], "complete": [285], "after": [287], "(odds": [293], "2.91,": [295], "95%": [296], "CI": [297], "2.24-3.38;": [298], "P<.001).": [299], "Conclusions:": [300], "Inclusion": [301], "enhances": [306], "is": [316], "associated": [317], "improved": [319], "DMHIs.": [322], "Further": [323], "efforts": [324], "are": [325], "needed": [326], "assess": [328], "this": [332], "approach": [333], "DMHIs": [335], "outcomes.": [340]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11519", "display_name": "Digital Mental Health Interventions", "score": 1.0, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3202", "display_name": "Applied Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11519", "display_name": "Digital Mental Health Interventions", "score": 1.0, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3202", "display_name": "Applied Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11446", "display_name": "Mobile Health and mHealth Applications", "score": 9.999999747378752e-05, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3600", "display_name": "General Health Professions"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/36", "display_name": "Health Professions"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10912", "display_name": "Telemedicine and Telehealth Implementation", "score": 0.0, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2739", "display_name": "Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.2196/73033", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.2196/73033", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210234749", "display_name": "JMIR Formative Research", "issn_l": "2561-326X", "issn": ["2561-326X"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "doaj", "doyens", "medline", "norway-1"], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "JMIR Formative Research", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 1, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W7127425772", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18463909", "title": "Aortic Aneurysms Explained: Exploring Insights Through ChatGPT", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-12-12", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5124912288", "display_name": "Anjani Mahesh Kumar Cherukuri*", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Anjani Mahesh Kumar Cherukuri*", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"ChatGPT,": [0], "a": [1, 10], "conversational": [2], "AI": [3], "launched": [4], "in": [5, 15, 22], "2022,": [6], "shows": [7], "promise": [8], "as": [9, 55], "tool": [11], "for": [12], "patient": [13, 28, 51, 75], "education": [14], "healthcare.": [16], "This": [17], "study": [18], "evaluates": [19], "its": [20, 44], "effectiveness": [21], "explaining": [23], "aortic": [24], "aneurysms": [25], "through": [26], "simulated": [27], "queries.": [29], "ChatGPT": [30, 68], "provided": [31], "accurate,": [32], "accessible": [33], "responses": [34], "on": [35], "types,": [36], "causes,": [37], "symptoms,": [38], "diagnosis,": [39], "and": [40, 46, 62, 77], "treatment": [41], "options.": [42], "While": [43], "clarity": [45], "ease": [47], "of": [48, 59], "use": [49], "enhance": [50], "understanding,": [52], "limitations": [53], "such": [54], "potential": [56], "inaccuracies,": [57], "lack": [58], "clinical": [60, 71], "judgment,": [61], "privacy": [63], "concerns": [64], "remain.": [65], "Used": [66], "responsibly,": [67], "can": [69], "supplement": [70], "care": [72], "by": [73], "improving": [74], "knowledge": [76], "supporting": [78], "informed": [79], "decision-making.": [80]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11636", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education", "score": 0.9980000257492065, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2718", "display_name": "Health Informatics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11636", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education", "score": 0.9980000257492065, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2718", "display_name": "Health Informatics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11396", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare", "score": 0.0003000000142492354, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3605", "display_name": "Health Information Management"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/36", "display_name": "Health Professions"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10983", "display_name": "Aortic aneurysm repair treatments", "score": 0.00019999999494757503, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2740", "display_name": "Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.5281/zenodo.18463909", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18463909", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400562", "display_name": "Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I67311998", "host_organization_name": "European Organization for Nuclear Research", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I67311998"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": null, "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "JournalArticle"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4406512405", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0309047", "title": "Characteristics of ChatGPT users from Germany: Implications for the digital divide from web tracking data", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-01-17", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5049587610", "display_name": "Celina Kacperski", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8844-5164", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8844-5164"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I189712700", "display_name": "University of Konstanz", "ror": "https://ror.org/0546hnb39", "country_code": "DE", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I189712700"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I3130523916", "display_name": "Seeburg Castle University", "ror": "https://ror.org/01pmm8272", "country_code": "AT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I3130523916"]}], "countries": ["AT", "DE"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Celina Kacperski", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Cluster of Excellence \"The Politics of Inequality\", Konstanz University, Konstanz, Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg, Germany", "Wirtschaftspsychologie, Seeburg Castle University, Seeburg am Wallersee, Salzburg, Austria"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8844-5164", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Cluster of Excellence \"The Politics of Inequality\", Konstanz University, Konstanz, Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg, Germany", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I189712700"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Wirtschaftspsychologie, Seeburg Castle University, Seeburg am Wallersee, Salzburg, Austria", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I3130523916"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5035734289", "display_name": "Roberto Ulloa", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-5505", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-5505"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I189712700", "display_name": "University of Konstanz", "ror": "https://ror.org/0546hnb39", "country_code": "DE", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I189712700"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210101898", "display_name": "GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences", "ror": "https://ror.org/018afyw53", "country_code": "DE", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I315704651", "https://openalex.org/I4210101898"]}], "countries": ["DE"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Roberto Ulloa", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Cluster of Excellence \"The Politics of Inequality\", Konstanz University, Konstanz, Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg, Germany", "GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences, Cologne, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-5505", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Cluster of Excellence \"The Politics of Inequality\", Konstanz University, Konstanz, Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg, Germany", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I189712700"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences, Cologne, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210101898"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5058810080", "display_name": "Denis Bonnay", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I40434647", "display_name": "Universit\u00e9 Paris Nanterre", "ror": "https://ror.org/013bkhk48", "country_code": "FR", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I40434647"]}], "countries": ["FR"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Denis Bonnay", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Philosophy, Universit\u00e9 Paris Nanterre, Paris, France"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Philosophy, Universit\u00e9 Paris Nanterre, Paris, France", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I40434647"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5075116664", "display_name": "Juhi Kulshrestha", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4375-4641", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4375-4641"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I9927081", "display_name": "Aalto University", "ror": "https://ror.org/020hwjq30", "country_code": "FI", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}], "countries": ["FI"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Juhi Kulshrestha", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5048966126", "display_name": "Peter Selb", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3973-7427", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3973-7427"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I189712700", "display_name": "University of Konstanz", "ror": "https://ror.org/0546hnb39", "country_code": "DE", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I189712700"]}], "countries": ["DE"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Peter Selb", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Cluster of Excellence \"The Politics of Inequality\", Konstanz University, Konstanz, Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg, Germany"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Cluster of Excellence \"The Politics of Inequality\", Konstanz University, Konstanz, Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg, Germany", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I189712700"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5018128415", "display_name": "Andreas Spitz", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5282-6133", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5282-6133"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I189712700", "display_name": "University of Konstanz", "ror": "https://ror.org/0546hnb39", "country_code": "DE", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I189712700"]}], "countries": ["DE"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Andreas Spitz", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Computer and Information Science, Konstanz University, Konstanz, Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg, Germany"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Computer and Information Science, Konstanz University, Konstanz, Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg, Germany", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I189712700"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"A": [0], "major": [1], "challenge": [2], "of": [3, 15, 24, 38, 55, 79, 89, 97, 156, 167, 262], "our": [4, 263], "time": [5], "is": [6], "reducing": [7], "disparities": [8, 243], "in": [9, 26, 50, 64, 105, 117], "access": [10], "to": [11, 61, 147, 150, 240], "and": [12, 47, 69, 108, 125, 144, 172, 188, 190, 204, 213, 244, 255, 259], "effective": [13], "use": [14], "digital": [16, 29, 103, 242, 246], "technologies,": [17], "with": [18, 101, 162, 197, 200, 227], "recent": [19], "discussions": [20, 256], "highlighting": [21], "the": [22, 28, 39, 72, 77, 80, 95, 102], "role": [23, 96], "AI": [25], "exacerbating": [27], "divide.": [30], "We": [31, 44, 120, 140], "examine": [32, 94], "user": [33], "characteristics": [34], "that": [35, 122, 135], "predict": [36], "usage": [37], "AI-powered": [40], "conversational": [41], "agent": [42], "ChatGPT.": [43], "combine": [45], "behavioral": [46], "survey": [48], "data": [49], "a": [51, 87, 154], "web": [52], "tracked": [53], "sample": [54], "N": [56], "=": [57], "1376": [58], "German": [59], "citizens": [60], "investigate": [62], "differences": [63], "ChatGPT": [65, 106, 129, 151, 163, 198, 228], "activity": [66, 107], "(usage,": [67], "visits,": [68], "adoption)": [70], "during": [71], "first": [73], "11": [74], "months": [75], "from": [76], "launch": [78], "service": [81], "(November": [82], "30,": [83], "2022).": [84], "Guided": [85], "by": [86, 251], "model": [88], "technology": [90], "acceptance": [91], "(UTAUT-2),": [92], "we": [93], "socio-demographics": [98], "commonly": [99], "associated": [100, 161, 196, 226], "divide": [104], "explore": [109], "further": [110], "socio-political": [111], "attributes": [112], "identified": [113], "via": [114], "stability": [115], "selection": [116], "Lasso": [118], "regressions.": [119], "confirm": [121], "lower": [123], "age": [124], "higher": [126], "education": [127], "affect": [128], "usage,": [130], "but": [131], "do": [132], "not": [133], "find": [134, 141], "gender": [136], "or": [137, 221], "income": [138], "do.": [139], "full-time": [142], "employment": [143], "more": [145], "children": [146], "be": [148], "barriers": [149], "activity.": [152, 164], "Using": [153], "variety": [155], "social": [157, 260], "media": [158], "was": [159, 233], "positively": [160], "In": [165], "terms": [166], "political": [168, 170, 173, 179, 185, 191, 202, 205], "variables,": [169], "knowledge": [171], "self-efficacy": [174, 206], "as": [175, 177, 182, 217], "well": [176], "some": [178], "behaviors": [180], "such": [181, 216], "voting,": [183], "debating": [184, 203], "issues": [186, 261], "online": [187, 193, 201], "offline": [189], "action": [192], "were": [194, 224], "all": [195], "activity,": [199], "negatively": [207, 234], "so.": [208], "Finally,": [209], "need": [210], "for": [211], "cognition": [212], "communication": [214], "skills": [215], "writing,": [218], "attending": [219], "meetings,": [220], "giving": [222], "presentations,": [223], "also": [225], "engagement,": [229], "though": [230], "chairing/organizing": [231], "meetings": [232], "associated.": [235], "Our": [236], "research": [237], "informs": [238], "efforts": [239], "address": [241], "promote": [245], "literacy": [247], "among": [248], "underserved": [249], "populations": [250], "presenting": [252], "implications,": [253], "recommendations,": [254], "on": [257], "ethical": [258], "findings.": [264]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10068", "display_name": "Technology Adoption and User Behaviour", "score": 0.21940000355243683, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1802", "display_name": "Information Systems and Management"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/18", "display_name": "Decision Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10068", "display_name": "Technology Adoption and User Behaviour", "score": 0.21940000355243683, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1802", "display_name": "Information Systems and Management"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/18", "display_name": "Decision Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11977", "display_name": "Technology Use by Older Adults", "score": 0.1784999966621399, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3317", "display_name": "Demography"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10557", "display_name": "Social Media and Politics", "score": 0.13130000233650208, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3315", "display_name": "Communication"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0309047", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0309047", "pdf_url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0309047&type=printable", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S202381698", "display_name": "PLoS ONE", "issn_l": "1932-6203", "issn": ["1932-6203"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "doaj", "doyens", "erih-plus", "jufo-1", "ki-jl-1", "medline", "norway-1"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310315706", "host_organization_name": "Public Library of Science", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Public Library of Science"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "PLOS ONE", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 37, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4410188902", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2025.2494072", "title": "The Effects of LLM-Empowered Chatbots and Avatar Guides on the Engagement, Experience, and Learning in Virtual Museums", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-05-08", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Shuhao Zhang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8504-8078", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8504-8078"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I69356397", "display_name": "Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University", "ror": "https://ror.org/03zmrmn05", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Shuhao Zhang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Advanced Technology, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8504-8078", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Advanced Technology, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Mingge Ma", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I69356397", "display_name": "Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University", "ror": "https://ror.org/03zmrmn05", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Mingge Ma", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Advanced Technology, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Advanced Technology, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5100387858", "display_name": "Yue Li", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3728-218X", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3728-218X"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I69356397", "display_name": "Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University", "ror": "https://ror.org/03zmrmn05", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Yue Li", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Advanced Technology, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3728-218X", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Advanced Technology, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5075116069", "display_name": "Ka Lok Man", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5787-4716", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5787-4716"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I69356397", "display_name": "Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University", "ror": "https://ror.org/03zmrmn05", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ka Lok Man", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Advanced Technology, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5787-4716", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Advanced Technology, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5003757015", "display_name": "Jeremy S. Smith", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0212-2365", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0212-2365"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I146655781", "display_name": "University of Liverpool", "ror": "https://ror.org/04xs57h96", "country_code": "GB", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}], "countries": ["GB"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jeremy Smith", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5090256693", "display_name": "Yong Yue", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7695-4538", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7695-4538"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I69356397", "display_name": "Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University", "ror": "https://ror.org/03zmrmn05", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Yong Yue", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Advanced Technology, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7695-4538", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Advanced Technology, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Virtual": [0], "museums,": [1], "as": [2], "a": [3, 45, 65], "form": [4], "of": [5, 11, 27, 98, 122], "serious": [6, 134], "game,": [7], "transcend": [8], "spatiotemporal": [9], "constraints": [10], "traditional": [12], "museums": [13, 132], "through": [14], "advanced": [15], "computer": [16], "technologies,": [17], "enabling": [18], "immersive": [19], "and": [20, 52, 61, 83, 100, 126, 133], "educational": [21], "user": [22, 49, 89], "experiences.": [23], "With": [24], "the": [25, 77, 87, 114, 120], "support": [26], "large": [28], "language": [29], "models": [30], "(LLMs)": [31], "in": [32, 64, 109], "particular,": [33], "users": [34, 72], "can": [35], "have": [36], "exploratory": [37], "interactions": [38], "with": [39, 76, 91], "conversational": [40], "agents.": [41], "This": [42], "paper": [43], "presents": [44], "comparative": [46], "study": [47, 69], "examining": [48], "engagement,": [50], "experience,": [51], "learning": [53, 111], "across": [54, 113], "three": [55, 115], "interaction": [56, 116, 124], "methods:": [57], "text": [58, 84, 101], "labels,": [59], "chatbots,": [60], "avatar": [62, 79, 92], "guides": [63, 93], "virtual": [66, 131], "museum.": [67], "Our": [68], "revealed": [70], "that": [71, 97], "were": [73, 107], "more": [74], "engaged": [75], "LLM-empowered": [78], "guide": [80], "than": [81], "chatbots": [82, 99], "labels.": [85, 102], "Additionally,": [86], "overall": [88], "experience": [90], "was": [94], "superior": [95], "to": [96], "However,": [103], "no": [104], "significant": [105], "differences": [106], "observed": [108], "users\u2019": [110], "outcomes": [112], "methods.": [117], "We": [118], "discussed": [119], "characteristics": [121], "these": [123], "methods": [125], "proposed": [127], "design": [128], "recommendations": [129], "for": [130], "games.": [135]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11462", "display_name": "Museums and Cultural Heritage", "score": 0.6362000107765198, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1209", "display_name": "Museology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/12", "display_name": "Arts and Humanities"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11462", "display_name": "Museums and Cultural Heritage", "score": 0.6362000107765198, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1209", "display_name": "Museology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/12", "display_name": "Arts and Humanities"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10648", "display_name": "Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts", "score": 0.16380000114440918, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1709", "display_name": "Human-Computer Interaction"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10709", "display_name": "Social Robot Interaction and HRI", "score": 0.0714000016450882, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3207", "display_name": "Social Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1080/10447318.2025.2494072", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2025.2494072", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S165559636", "display_name": "International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction", "issn_l": "1044-7318", "issn": ["1044-7318", "1532-7590"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["abdc-c", "cwts-core", "jufo-2", "ki-jl-1", "norway-1"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320547", "host_organization_name": "Taylor & Francis", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320547", "https://openalex.org/P4310320449"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Taylor & Francis", "Informa"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 9, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4415444173", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/2025.ld28271", "title": "Application of Reinforcement Learning in Non-player Character Intelligent Dialogue System", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-10-22", "type": "article", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Xuezhi Ding", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4800084", "display_name": "Southwest Jiaotong University", "ror": "https://ror.org/00hn7w693", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Xuezhi Ding", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Computer Science, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Computer Science, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"It": [0, 65, 85], "is": [1, 43], "of": [2, 24, 34, 41, 54, 69, 105, 115], "great": [3], "significance": [4], "to": [5, 124, 132, 136, 145], "develop": [6], "non-player": [7], "character": [8], "(NPC)": [9], "dialogue": [10, 28, 36, 56, 73, 88, 141, 148], "systems": [11, 57], "in": [12, 62, 72, 95], "games": [13], "through": [14], "reinforcement": [15, 60, 70], "learning,": [16], "which": [17, 42], "can": [18], "enhance": [19], "the": [20, 25, 38, 50, 67, 87, 96, 103, 113, 147], "immersion": [21], "and": [22, 77, 82, 90, 99, 101, 118, 121, 143], "interactivity": [23], "game.": [26], "NPC": [27, 55, 139], "has": [29], "characteristics": [30], "different": [31], "from": [32], "those": [33], "other": [35, 83], "systems,": [37], "most": [39], "obvious": [40], "its": [44], "task": [45], "orientation.": [46], "This": [47, 128], "paper": [48, 111, 129], "outlines": [49], "mainstream": [51, 107], "implementation": [52], "methods": [53, 117], "based": [58], "on": [59], "learning": [61, 71], "recent": [63], "years.": [64], "analyses": [66], "application": [68], "strategy": [74], "optimisation,": [75], "hierarchical": [76], "multi-agent": [78], "frameworks,": [79], "knowledge": [80], "graphs,": [81], "methods.": [84, 108], "introduces": [86], "datasets": [89], "evaluation": [91, 119], "metrics": [92], "commonly": [93], "used": [94], "game": [97], "field": [98], "summarises": [100], "compares": [102], "performance": [104], "current": [106], "Finally,": [109], "this": [110], "discusses": [112], "limitations": [114], "existing": [116], "criteria": [120], "looks": [122], "forward": [123], "possible": [125], "future": [126], "improvements.": [127], "allows": [130], "readers": [131], "quickly": [133], "understand": [134], "how": [135, 144], "implement": [137], "an": [138], "intelligent": [140], "system": [142, 149], "make": [146], "more": [150], "personalised.": [151]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.7860999703407288, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.7860999703407288, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11574", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Games", "score": 0.20810000598430634, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10462", "display_name": "Reinforcement Learning in Robotics", "score": 0.0032999999821186066, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.54254/2755-2721/2025.ld28271", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/2025.ld28271", "pdf_url": "https://www.ewadirect.com/proceedings/ace/article/view/28271/pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4387281889", "display_name": "Applied and Computational Engineering", "issn_l": "2755-2721", "issn": ["2755-2721", "2755-273X"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core"], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Applied and Computational Engineering", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W7108204036", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2511.22269", "title": "Investigating AI in Peer Support via Multi-Module System-Driven Embodied Conversational Agents", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-11-27", "type": "preprint", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Wen, Ruoyu", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Wen, Ruoyu", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Wu, Xiaoli", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Wu, Xiaoli", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Gupta, Kunal", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Gupta, Kunal", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Hoermann, Simon", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Hoermann, Simon", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Billinghurst, Mark", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Billinghurst, Mark", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Nassani, Alaeddin", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Nassani, Alaeddin", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Allan, Dwain", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Allan, Dwain", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5089644604", "display_name": "Thammathip Piumsomboon", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5870-9221", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5870-9221"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Piumsomboon, Thammathip", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Young": [0], "people's": [1], "mental": [2, 123], "well-being": [3, 124], "is": [4, 37], "a": [5, 12, 102], "global": [6], "concern,": [7], "with": [8, 74], "peer": [9, 31, 81], "support": [10, 82, 125], "playing": [11], "key": [13], "role": [14], "in": [15, 80], "daily": [16], "emotional": [17, 52], "regulation.": [18], "Conversational": [19], "agents": [20, 94], "are": [21], "increasingly": [22], "viewed": [23], "as": [24], "promising": [25], "tools": [26], "for": [27, 63, 121], "delivering": [28], "accessible,": [29], "personalised": [30], "support,": [32], "particularly": [33], "where": [34], "professional": [35], "counselling": [36], "limited.": [38], "However,": [39], "existing": [40], "systems": [41, 79], "often": [42], "suffer": [43], "from": [44], "rigid": [45], "input": [46], "formats,": [47], "scripted": [48], "responses,": [49], "and": [50, 67, 118], "limited": [51], "sensitivity.": [53], "The": [54], "emergence": [55], "of": [56], "large": [57], "language": [58], "models": [59], "introduces": [60], "new": [61], "possibilities": [62], "generating": [64], "flexible,": [65], "context-aware,": [66], "empathetic": [68], "responses.": [69], "To": [70], "explore": [71], "how": [72], "individuals": [73], "psychological": [75], "training": [76], "perceive": [77], "such": [78], "contexts,": [83], "we": [84, 106], "developed": [85], "an": [86], "LLM-based": [87], "multi-module": [88], "system": [89], "to": [90], "drive": [91], "embodied": [92], "conversational": [93], "informed": [95], "by": [96], "Cognitive": [97], "Behavioral": [98], "Therapy": [99], "(CBT).": [100], "In": [101], "user": [103], "study": [104], "(N=10),": [105], "qualitatively": [107], "examined": [108], "participants'": [109], "perceptions,": [110], "focusing": [111], "on": [112], "trust,": [113], "response": [114], "quality,": [115], "workflow": [116], "integration,": [117], "design": [119], "opportunities": [120], "future": [122], "systems.": [126]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11519", "display_name": "Digital Mental Health Interventions", "score": 0.9560999870300293, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3202", "display_name": "Applied Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11519", "display_name": "Digital Mental Health Interventions", "score": 0.9560999870300293, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3202", "display_name": "Applied Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10709", "display_name": "Social Robot Interaction and HRI", "score": 0.03610000014305115, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3207", "display_name": "Social Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10667", "display_name": "Emotion and Mood Recognition", "score": 0.002199999988079071, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3205", "display_name": "Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2511.22269", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://arxiv.org/abs/2511.22269", "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.22269", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400194", "display_name": "arXiv (Cornell University)", "issn_l": "2331-8422", "issn": ["2331-8422"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I205783295", "host_organization_name": "Cornell University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I205783295"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "text"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4407764206", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2502.13310", "title": "Evaluating and Enhancing Out-of-Domain Generalization of Task-Oriented Dialog Systems for Task Completion without Turn-level Dialog Annotations", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-02-18", "type": "preprint", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5036236072", "display_name": "Adib Mosharrof", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8960-8455", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8960-8455"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Mosharrof, Adib", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5055390010", "display_name": "Moghis Fereidouni", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1182-1379", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1182-1379"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Fereidouni, Moghis", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5020410191", "display_name": "A. B. Siddique", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3587-7289", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3587-7289"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Siddique, A. B.", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Traditional": [0], "task-oriented": [1], "dialog": [2], "(ToD)": [3], "systems": [4, 206], "rely": [5], "heavily": [6], "on": [7, 32, 60], "labor-intensive": [8], "turn-level": [9, 85], "annotations,": [10], "such": [11, 42, 157], "as": [12, 158], "dialogue": [13], "states": [14], "and": [15, 53, 74, 89, 141, 162, 186, 202], "policy": [16], "labels,": [17], "for": [18, 207], "training.": [19], "This": [20], "work": [21], "explores": [22], "whether": [23], "large": [24], "language": [25, 34], "models": [26, 58, 82, 112, 170], "(LLMs)": [27], "can": [28], "be": [29], "fine-tuned": [30, 83, 169], "solely": [31], "natural": [33], "dialogs": [35], "to": [36, 48, 50, 136], "perform": [37], "ToD": [38, 77, 205], "tasks,": [39], "without": [40, 84], "requiring": [41], "annotations.": [43], "We": [44, 150], "evaluate": [45], "their": [46, 55, 94], "ability": [47], "generalize": [49], "unseen": [51, 119], "domains": [52], "compare": [54, 152], "performance": [56, 97], "with": [57, 67, 109, 154], "trained": [59], "fully": [61], "annotated": [62], "data.": [63], "Through": [64], "extensive": [65], "experiments": [66], "three": [68], "open-source": [69], "LLMs": [70, 175], "of": [71, 103, 198], "varying": [72], "sizes": [73], "two": [75], "diverse": [76], "datasets,": [78], "we": [79, 125], "find": [80, 163], "that": [81, 130, 164, 171], "annotations": [86], "generate": [87], "coherent": [88], "contextually": [90], "appropriate": [91], "responses.": [92], "However,": [93], "task": [95, 123, 143, 177, 187], "completion": [96, 144, 188], "-": [98, 106], "measured": [99], "by": [100], "accurate": [101], "execution": [102], "API": [104, 138], "calls": [105], "remains": [107], "suboptimal,": [108], "the": [110, 196], "best": [111], "achieving": [113], "only": [114], "around": [115], "53%": [116], "success": [117], "in": [118, 147, 176], "domains.": [120], "To": [121], "improve": [122], "completion,": [124], "propose": [126], "ZeroToD,": [127], "a": [128, 132, 180], "framework": [129, 166], "incorporates": [131], "schema": [133], "augmentation": [134], "mechanism": [135], "enhance": [137], "call": [139], "accuracy": [140], "overall": [142], "rates,": [145], "particularly": [146], "out-of-domain": [148], "settings.": [149], "also": [151], "ZeroToD": [153], "fine-tuning-free": [155], "alternatives,": [156], "prompting": [159], "off-the-shelf": [160], "LLMs,": [161], "our": [165, 190], "enables": [167], "smaller,": [168], "outperform": [172], "large-scale": [173], "proprietary": [174], "completion.": [178], "Additionally,": [179], "human": [181], "study": [182], "evaluating": [183], "informativeness,": [184], "fluency,": [185], "confirms": [189], "empirical": [191], "findings.": [192], "These": [193], "findings": [194], "suggest": [195], "feasibility": [197], "developing": [199], "cost-effective,": [200], "scalable,": [201], "zero-shot": [203], "generalizable": [204], "real-world": [208], "applications.": [209]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 1.0, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 1.0, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.0, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10181", "display_name": "Natural Language Processing Techniques", "score": 0.0, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2502.13310", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://arxiv.org/abs/2502.13310", "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2502.13310", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400194", "display_name": "arXiv (Cornell University)", "issn_l": "2331-8422", "issn": ["2331-8422"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I205783295", "host_organization_name": "Cornell University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I205783295"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "text"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4406066774", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.34218/ijcet_16_01_003", "title": "ASKDATAAI: DEMOCRATIZING DATA ACCESS THROUGH CONVERSATIONAL AI", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-01-03", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5115762924", "display_name": "Praveen Payili", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I1341412227", "display_name": "IBM (United States)", "ror": "https://ror.org/05hh8d621", "country_code": "US", "type": "company", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Praveen Payili", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["IBM , USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "IBM , USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"This": [0], "technical": [1], "article": [2], "comprehensively": [3], "analyzes": [4], "AskDataAI,": [5], "an": [6], "innovative": [7], "platform": [8, 17, 48], "developed": [9], "to": [10, 29], "revolutionize": [11], "enterprise": [12, 82], "data": [13, 36, 59, 83], "accessibility": [14, 60], "and": [15, 26, 34, 45, 57, 66, 90], "utilization.The": [16], "combines": [18], "advanced": [19], "vector": [20], "search": [21], "capabilities,": [22, 75], "role-based": [23], "access": [24], "control,": [25], "contextual": [27], "AI": [28, 40], "create": [30], "a": [31], "more": [32], "democratic": [33], "efficient": [35], "exploration": [37], "ecosystem.Through": [38], "specialized": [39], "agents,": [41], "including": [42], "AskFinance,": [43], "AskFirefly,": [44], "AskDataExplorer,": [46], "the": [47, 73], "has": [49, 70], "significantly": [50], "improved": [51], "operational": [52], "efficiency,": [53], "reduced": [54], "decision-making": [55], "latency,": [56], "enhanced": [58], "across": [61], "organizational": [62], "levels.Implementing": [63], "Chain-of-Thoughts": [64], "visualization": [65], "mathematical": [67], "reasoning": [68], "techniques": [69], "further": [71], "strengthened": [72], "platform's": [74], "positioning": [76], "it": [77], "for": [78], "continued": [79], "evolution": [80], "in": [81], "management": [84], "while": [85], "maintaining": [86], "high": [87], "accuracy": [88], "rates": [89], "reducing": [91], "hallucination": [92], "risks.": [93]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13904", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence Applications", "score": 0.29490000009536743, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T13904", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence Applications", "score": 0.29490000009536743, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10028", "display_name": "Topic Modeling", "score": 0.2870999872684479, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10286", "display_name": "Information Retrieval and Search Behavior", "score": 0.08060000091791153, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.34218/ijcet_16_01_003", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.34218/ijcet_16_01_003", "pdf_url": "https://doi.org/10.34218/ijcet_16_01_003", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210225229", "display_name": "INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY", "issn_l": "0976-6367", "issn": ["0976-6367", "0976-6375"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4410170289", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.3991/ijac.v18i3.52595", "title": "AI-Driven Avatars in Medical Training", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-05-07", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5059996471", "display_name": "Fernando Salvetti", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5197-305X", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5197-305X"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Fernando Salvetti", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["e-REAL Labs at Logosnet (Turin, Italy; Lugano, Switzerland; Houston and New York, USA)"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5197-305X", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "e-REAL Labs at Logosnet (Turin, Italy; Lugano, Switzerland; Houston and New York, USA)", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5085715060", "display_name": "Barbara Bertagni", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Barbara Bertagni", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["e-REAL Labs at Logosnet (Turin, Italy; Lugano, Switzerland; Houston and New York, USA)"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "e-REAL Labs at Logosnet (Turin, Italy; Lugano, Switzerland; Houston and New York, USA)", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5075173017", "display_name": "Ianna Contardo", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ianna Contardo", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["e-REAL Labs at Logosnet (Turin, Italy; Lugano, Switzerland; Houston and New York, USA)"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "e-REAL Labs at Logosnet (Turin, Italy; Lugano, Switzerland; Houston and New York, USA)", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5011310771", "display_name": "Roxane Gardner", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I136199984", "display_name": "Harvard University", "ror": "https://ror.org/03vek6s52", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Roxane Gardner", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Harvard Center for Medical Simulation, Boston, MA, USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Harvard Center for Medical Simulation, Boston, MA, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5019241199", "display_name": "Jenny W. Rudolph", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1933-7650", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1933-7650"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I136199984", "display_name": "Harvard University", "ror": "https://ror.org/03vek6s52", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jenny Rudolph", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Harvard Center for Medical Simulation, Boston, MA, USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Harvard Center for Medical Simulation, Boston, MA, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5062666056", "display_name": "Rebecca D. Minehart", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8504-8967", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8504-8967"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I136199984", "display_name": "Harvard University", "ror": "https://ror.org/03vek6s52", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Rebecca Minehart", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Harvard Center for Medical Simulation, Boston, MA, USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Harvard Center for Medical Simulation, Boston, MA, USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"e-REAL": [0], "Labs": [1], "is": [2], "at": [3], "the": [4, 10, 56, 114], "forefront": [5], "of": [6, 12, 116], "educational": [7], "technology,": [8], "pioneering": [9], "use": [11], "intelligent": [13], "avatars\u2014also": [14], "known": [15], "as": [16], "digital": [17, 81], "humans": [18, 82], "or": [19], "embodied": [20], "conversational": [21, 43], "agents": [22], "(ECAs)\u2014to": [23], "enhance": [24], "medical": [25, 99], "training.": [26, 109], "These": [27], "sophisticated": [28], "AI-driven": [29], "avatars": [30], "replicate": [31], "complex": [32], "human": [33], "interactions,": [34], "providing": [35], "real-time,": [36], "personalized": [37], "feedback": [38, 71, 117], "based": [39], "on": [40], "behavioral": [41], "and": [42, 77, 86, 104, 128], "cues.": [44], "This": [45, 110], "article": [46], "presents": [47], "an": [48, 64, 102], "applied": [49], "research": [50], "project": [51], "developed": [52], "in": [53, 61, 98, 118], "collaboration": [54], "with": [55], "Center": [57], "for": [58, 107, 125], "Medical": [59], "Simulation": [60], "Boston,": [62], "showcasing": [63], "innovative": [65], "approach": [66, 112], "that": [67], "goes": [68], "beyond": [69], "traditional": [70], "mechanisms.": [72], "By": [73], "enabling": [74], "reflective": [75], "dialogue": [76], "interactive": [78], "learning,": [79], "these": [80], "foster": [83], "deeper": [84], "understanding": [85], "skill": [87], "development.": [88, 130], "As": [89], "dynamic": [90], "learning": [91, 127], "partners,": [92], "ECAs": [93], "represent": [94], "a": [95, 122], "transformative": [96], "shift": [97], "education,": [100, 120], "offering": [101], "immersive": [103], "effective": [105], "method": [106], "professional": [108, 129], "AI-powered": [111], "redefines": [113], "role": [115], "healthcare": [119], "setting": [121], "new": [123], "standard": [124], "simulation-based": [126]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11238", "display_name": "Simulation-Based Education in Healthcare", "score": 0.7318999767303467, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2737", "display_name": "Physiology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11238", "display_name": "Simulation-Based Education in Healthcare", "score": 0.7318999767303467, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2737", "display_name": "Physiology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11636", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education", "score": 0.16040000319480896, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2718", "display_name": "Health Informatics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10254", "display_name": "Innovations in Medical Education", "score": 0.05380000174045563, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2739", "display_name": "Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.3991/ijac.v18i3.52595", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.3991/ijac.v18i3.52595", "pdf_url": "https://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jac/article/download/52595/16145", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210211470", "display_name": "International Journal of Advanced Corporate Learning (iJAC)", "issn_l": "1867-5565", "issn": ["1867-5565"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "jufo-1", "norway-1"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310313744", "host_organization_name": "kassel university press", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310313744"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["kassel university press"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "International Journal of Advanced Corporate Learning (iJAC)", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 5, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4407694399", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.2196/preprints.71462", "title": "Assessing the Feasibility of Sequential Voice Input for Nursing Records in Clinical Settings (Preprint)", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-01-21", "type": "preprint", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5050413754", "display_name": "Natsuko Nishida", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5849-2120", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5849-2120"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Natsuko Nishida", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5849-2120", "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5008100904", "display_name": "Chang Liu", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0515-5226", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0515-5226"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Chang Liu", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0515-5226", "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5057971304", "display_name": "Goshiro Yamamoto", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2014-7195", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2014-7195"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Goshiro Yamamoto", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2014-7195", "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5076816553", "display_name": "Tomohiro Kuroda", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-7203", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-7203"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Tomohiro Kuroda", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-7203", "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"BACKGROUND": [0], "Nursing": [1], "records": [2], "are": [3], "crucial": [4], "for": [5, 165, 315, 337, 347], "maintaining": [6], "patient": [7, 30, 45, 101, 243, 355], "care": [8, 31, 426], "quality": [9], "but": [10], "impose": [11], "a": [12, 179], "significant": [13, 389], "workload": [14, 423], "on": [15, 125], "nurses,": [16], "diverting": [17], "attention": [18], "from": [19], "direct": [20], "care.": [21], "Speech": [22, 268], "input": [23, 83, 118, 269, 334, 352, 399], "technology": [24, 84, 119, 400, 419], "offers": [25, 89], "hands-free": [26], "documentation,": [27], "enabling": [28, 148], "simultaneous": [29], "and": [32, 49, 60, 103, 129, 140, 168, 191, 203, 222, 238, 245, 280, 318, 324, 361, 384, 406, 412, 424], "record-keeping.": [33], "Despite": [34, 330], "its": [35, 126, 149, 288], "advantages,": [36], "adoption": [37, 139], "has": [38], "been": [39], "slow": [40], "due": [41, 95], "to": [42, 93, 96, 112, 134, 137, 144, 161, 211, 229, 255, 275, 282, 300, 308, 401], "concerns": [43], "about": [44], "privacy,": [46, 102, 356], "technical": [47, 311], "challenges,": [48, 147], "integration": [50, 150], "complexity": [51], "with": [52, 227, 321, 358], "electronic": [53], "medical": [54], "records.": [55], "Variability": [56], "in": [57, 70, 85, 120, 186, 272, 290, 368], "nursing": [58, 153, 170, 403], "workflows": [59], "system": [61, 202, 410], "adaptability": [62], "further": [63], "hinder": [64], "implementation.": [65], "These": [66], "challenges": [67, 305, 390], "have": [68], "resulted": [69], "few": [71], "successful": [72, 348], "cases": [73, 188], "being": [74], "reported.": [75], "This": [76, 108, 173], "study": [77, 109, 174], "examines": [78], "the": [79, 114, 163, 213, 234, 249, 260, 291, 313, 328, 376, 385, 392, 395], "application": [80, 289, 349], "of": [81, 116, 189, 215, 277, 284, 302, 350, 378, 397], "speech": [82, 117, 333, 351, 398], "angiography": [86], "rooms,": [87], "which": [88], "controlled": [90], "environments": [91], "conducive": [92], "testing": [94], "their": [97], "highly": [98], "standardized": [99], "workflows,": [100], "screen-free": [104], "interaction": [105, 383], "requirements.": [106], "OBJECTIVE": [107], "is": [110], "aimed": [111], "assess": [113], "feasibility": [115], "real-world": [121], "clinical": [122, 261, 370], "settings,": [123, 371], "focusing": [124], "usability,": [127, 236], "effectiveness,": [128], "adaptability.": [130], "Additionally,": [131], "we": [132, 159], "seek": [133], "identify": [135], "barriers": [136], "broader": [138], "propose": [141], "actionable": [142], "strategies": [143], "overcome": [145], "these": [146, 157, 331], "into": [151, 233, 259], "routine": [152], "practices.": [154], "By": [155], "addressing": [156], "barriers,": [158], "aim": [160], "pave": [162], "way": [164], "more": [166], "efficient": [167], "accurate": [169], "documentation.": [171], "METHODS": [172], "was": [175, 209, 252, 294], "carried": [176], "out": [177], "at": [178], "Japanese": [180], "university": [181], "hospital,": [182], "investigating": [183], "intraoperative": [184, 285], "documentation": [185, 339, 364, 404], "eight": [187], "PTCD": [190], "TACE.": [192], "Events": [193], "were": [194, 225, 306], "recorded": [195], "using": [196, 327], "both": [197, 322], "an": [198], "existing": [199, 265], "voice": [200], "dialogue": [201], "traditional": [204], "handwritten": [205], "methods.": [206, 365], "Comparative": [207], "analysis": [208], "performed": [210], "evaluate": [212], "number": [214], "events": [216, 279], "captured": [217], "by": [218], "each": [219], "method.": [220], "Surveys": [221], "structured": [223], "interviews": [224], "conducted": [226, 367], "nurses": [228], "gather": [230], "qualitative": [231], "insights": [232], "system\u2019s": [235], "practicality,": [237], "encountered": [239], "challenges.": [240], "To": [241], "ensure": [242], "safety": [244], "minimize": [246], "workflow": [247], "disruptions,": [248], "experimental": [250], "setup": [251], "carefully": [253], "designed": [254], "integrate": [256], "devices": [257], "seamlessly": [258], "environment": [262], "while": [263, 326], "respecting": [264], "protocols.": [266], "RESULTS": [267], "demonstrated": [270], "effectiveness": [271], "capturing": [273], "50%": [274], "100%": [276, 283], "preoperative": [278], "40%": [281], "events.": [286, 303], "However,": [287], "postoperative": [292], "phase": [293], "less": [295], "effective,": [296], "recording": [297], "only": [298], "0%": [299], "12%": [301], "Postoperative": [304], "attributed": [307], "increased": [309], "workload,": [310], "issues,": [312], "need": [314], "repeated": [316], "clarifications,": [317], "communication": [319], "difficulties": [320], "patients": [323], "staff": [325], "system.": [329], "limitations,": [332], "showed": [335], "potential": [336, 396], "improving": [338], "efficiency": [340, 405], "when": [341], "appropriately": [342], "implemented.": [343], "CONCLUSIONS": [344], "Key": [345], "factors": [346], "include": [353], "ensuring": [354], "starting": [357], "simple": [359], "records,": [360], "incorporating": [362], "backup": [363], "Experiments": [366], "real": [369], "rather": [372], "than": [373], "simulations,": [374], "emphasized": [375], "importance": [377], "designs": [379, 411], "that": [380], "consider": [381], "nurse-system": [382], "surrounding": [386], "environment.": [387], "While": [388], "remain,": [391], "findings": [393], "highlight": [394], "enhance": [402], "accuracy": [407], "through": [408], "optimized": [409], "task": [413], "selection.": [414], "With": [415], "continued": [416], "refinement,": [417], "this": [418], "could": [420], "reduce": [421], "nurse": [422], "improve": [425], "quality.": [427]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10350", "display_name": "Electronic Health Records Systems", "score": 0.5893999934196472, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3605", "display_name": "Health Information Management"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/36", "display_name": "Health Professions"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10350", "display_name": "Electronic Health Records Systems", "score": 0.5893999934196472, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3605", "display_name": "Health Information Management"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/36", "display_name": "Health Professions"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12790", "display_name": "Nursing Diagnosis and Documentation", "score": 0.40939998626708984, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2910", "display_name": "Issues, ethics and legal aspects"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/29", "display_name": "Nursing"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13248", "display_name": "Healthcare Technology and Patient Monitoring", "score": 0.0005000000237487257, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2746", "display_name": "Surgery"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.2196/preprints.71462", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.2196/preprints.71462", "pdf_url": null, "source": null, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "acceptedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "posted-content"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4409959577", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2025.1576348", "title": "Enhancing supermarket robot interaction: an equitable multi-level LLM conversational interface for handling diverse customer intents", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-04-29", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5073077448", "display_name": "Chandran Nandkumar", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I98358874", "display_name": "Delft University of Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/02e2c7k09", "country_code": "NL", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}], "countries": ["NL"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Chandran Nandkumar", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Cognitive Robotics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Cognitive Robotics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5042113474", "display_name": "Luka Peternel", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8696-3689", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8696-3689"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I98358874", "display_name": "Delft University of Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/02e2c7k09", "country_code": "NL", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}], "countries": ["NL"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Luka Peternel", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Cognitive Robotics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Cognitive Robotics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"This": [0], "paper": [1, 215], "presents": [2], "the": [3, 78, 111, 124, 145, 149, 183, 206, 227, 232, 238, 247], "design": [4], "and": [5, 31, 45, 64, 73, 83, 119, 122, 126, 155, 172, 174, 193, 255, 261], "evaluation": [6, 127], "of": [7, 80, 90, 102, 128, 205, 250, 278], "a": [8, 88, 99, 129, 139, 218, 282], "comprehensive": [9], "system": [10], "to": [11, 15, 24, 109, 231, 236, 271], "develop": [12], "voice-based": [13], "interfaces": [14, 21], "support": [16], "users": [17], "in": [18, 66, 166, 187, 199], "supermarkets.": [19], "These": [20], "enable": [22], "shoppers": [23], "convey": [25], "their": [26], "needs": [27], "through": [28], "both": [29], "generic": [30], "specific": [32], "queries.": [33], "Although": [34], "customisable": [35], "state-of-the-art": [36], "systems": [37], "like": [38], "GPTs": [39], "from": [40], "OpenAI": [41], "are": [42], "easily": [43], "accessible": [44], "adaptable,": [46], "featuring": [47], "low-code": [48], "deployment": [49], "with": [50, 87, 138, 217], "options": [51], "for": [52, 69, 115, 221, 258], "functional": [53], "integration,": [54], "they": [55], "still": [56], "face": [57], "challenges": [58], "such": [59], "as": [60], "increased": [61], "response": [62, 230], "times": [63], "limitations": [65], "strategic": [67], "control": [68, 256], "tailored": [70], "use": [71, 249, 272], "cases": [72], "cost": [74], "optimization.": [75], "Motivated": [76], "by": [77, 144, 225], "goal": [79], "crafting": [81], "equitable": [82], "efficient": [84], "conversational": [85], "agents": [86], "touch": [89], "personalisation,": [91], "this": [92, 245, 266], "study": [93], "advances": [94], "on": [95, 281], "two": [96], "fronts:": [97], "1)": [98], "comparative": [100], "analysis": [101], "four": [103, 201], "popular": [104], "off-the-shelf": [105], "speech": [106, 167], "recognition": [107, 168], "technologies": [108], "identify": [110], "most": [112], "accurate": [113], "model": [114, 142, 186], "different": [116], "genders": [117, 171], "(male/female)": [118], "languages": [120, 173], "(English/Dutch)": [121], "2)": [123], "development": [125], "novel": [130], "multi-LLM": [131, 178], "supermarket": [132, 222], "chatbot": [133, 179, 229], "framework,": [134], "comparing": [135], "its": [136], "performance": [137], "specialized": [140, 274], "GPT": [141, 185], "powered": [143], "GPT-4": [146], "Turbo,": [147], "using": [148], "Artificial": [150], "Social": [151], "Agent": [152], "Questionnaire": [153], "(ASAQ)": [154], "qualitative": [156], "participant": [157], "feedback.": [158], "Our": [159], "findings": [160], "reveal": [161], "that": [162, 175, 210, 265], "OpenAI's": [163], "Whisper": [164], "leads": [165], "accuracy": [169], "between": [170], "our": [176], "proposed": [177], "architecture,": [180], "which": [181, 237], "outperformed": [182], "benchmarked": [184], "performance,": [188], "user": [189], "satisfaction,": [190], "user-agent": [191], "partnership,": [192], "self-image": [194], "enhancement,": [195], "achieved": [196], "statistical": [197], "significance": [198], "these": [200], "key": [202], "areas": [203], "out": [204], "13": [207], "evaluated": [208], "aspects": [209], "all": [211], "showed": [212], "improvements.": [213], "The": [214], "concludes": [216], "simple": [219], "method": [220], "robot": [223, 239], "navigation": [224], "mapping": [226], "final": [228], "correct": [233], "shelf": [234], "numbers": [235], "can": [240], "plan": [241], "sequential": [242], "visits.": [243], "Later,": [244], "enables": [246], "effective": [248], "low-level": [251], "perception,": [252], "motion": [253], "planning,": [254], "capabilities": [257], "product": [259], "retrieval": [260], "collection.": [262], "We": [263], "hope": [264], "work": [267], "encourages": [268], "more": [269], "efforts": [270], "multiple": [273], "smaller": [275], "models": [276], "instead": [277], "always": [279], "relying": [280], "single": [283], "powerful": [284], "model.": [285]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.7979000210762024, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.7979000210762024, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.19169999659061432, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10709", "display_name": "Social Robot Interaction and HRI", "score": 0.008100000210106373, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3207", "display_name": "Social Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.3389/frobt.2025.1576348", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2025.1576348", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2595095599", "display_name": "Frontiers in Robotics and AI", "issn_l": "2296-9144", "issn": ["2296-9144"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "doaj", "jufo-1", "ki-jl-1", "norway-1"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320527", "host_organization_name": "Frontiers Media", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Frontiers Media"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Frontiers in Robotics and AI", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 9, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4407342365", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/20251", "title": "MISUSE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MEDICAL PRACTICE: A CASE REPORT", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-01-31", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "A. Zaoui", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "A. Zaoui", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5116219167", "display_name": "M. Boussera", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "M. Boussera", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5116219168", "display_name": "S Mliyahe", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "S. Mliyahe", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5098812601", "display_name": "Lina El Aoufi", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "L.El Aoufi", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5008419361", "display_name": "Aicha Akjay", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3147-7499", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3147-7499"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "A. Akjay", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5072664884", "display_name": "Hassan Ouaya", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "H. Ouaya", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5064870000", "display_name": "Ihsane Mellouki", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3621-6175", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3621-6175"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "I. Mellouki", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5001814799", "display_name": "Houda Meyiz", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "H. Meyiz", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Artificial": [0], "intelligence": [1, 10], "(AI)": [2], "defines": [3], "technologies": [4], "that": [5, 98, 185], "imitate": [6], "and": [7, 49, 131, 152, 176, 201], "improve": [8], "human": [9], "using": [11, 149], "machines,": [12], "Chat": [13, 35], "GPT": [14, 36], "is": [15, 86], "a": [16, 29, 95, 106, 150], "conversational": [17], "agent": [18], "capable": [19], "of": [20, 56, 66, 105, 163, 198, 209], "enabling": [21], "an": [22, 111, 188], "Internet": [23], "user": [24], "to": [25, 78, 88, 144, 155, 160], "chat": [26], "instantly": [27], "with": [28, 92, 171], "system": [30], "based": [31], "on": [32], "artificial": [33], "intelligence.": [34], "excels": [37], "in": [38, 58, 75, 80], "various": [39], "fields,": [40], "notably": [41], "healthcare,": [42], "providing": [43], "medical": [44, 178], "information,": [45], "describing": [46], "complex": [47, 81], "terms,": [48], "giving": [50], "provisional": [51], "diagnoses,": [52], "however": [53], "the": [54, 64, 67, 103, 125, 133, 156, 161, 174, 182, 195, 199, 202, 210], "integration": [55], "ChatGPT": [57, 120], "medicine": [59], "presents": [60], "limitations,": [61], "such": [62], "as": [63, 70, 72], "reliability": [65], "information": [68], "provided,": [69], "well": [71], "remaining": [73], "limited": [74], "its": [76], "ability": [77], "reason": [79], "ways.": [82], "In": [83], "medicine,": [84], "it": [85], "crucial": [87], "combine": [89], "data": [90], "analysis": [91], "clinical": [93], "considerations,": [94], "critical": [96], "reflection": [97], "AI": [99], "cannot": [100], "replace.We": [101], "present": [102], "case": [104], "patient": [107, 118, 142, 203], "who": [108], "has": [109], "had": [110], "anal": [112, 189], "mass": [113], "for": [114, 121, 207], "several": [115], "years.": [116], "The": [117, 141], "consulted": [119], "searching": [122], "possible": [123], "causes,": [124], "first": [126], "aetiology": [127], "mentioned": [128], "being": [129], "haemorrhoids,": [130], "among": [132], "proposed": [134], "therapeutic": [135], "options": [136], "elastic": [137], "ligation": [138, 147], "was": [139, 169, 180, 192, 204], "cited.": [140], "attempted": [143], "perform": [145], "this": [146], "independently": [148], "thread,": [151], "he": [153], "went": [154], "emergency": [157], "room": [158], "due": [159], "appearance": [162], "intense": [164], "acute": [165], "proctalgia": [166], ",The": [167], "thread": [168], "removed": [170], "difficulty": [172], "by": [173, 194], "doctor,": [175], "symptomatic": [177], "treatment": [179], "administered,": [181], "proctological": [183], "examination": [184], "followed": [186], "suggested": [187], "condyloma,": [190], "which": [191], "confirmed": [193], "anatomopathological": [196], "results": [197], "biopsy,": [200], "then": [205], "referred": [206], "electrocoagulation": [208], "condyloma.": [211]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11636", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education", "score": 0.9980000257492065, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2718", "display_name": "Health Informatics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11636", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education", "score": 0.9980000257492065, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2718", "display_name": "Health Informatics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11396", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare", "score": 0.00039999998989515007, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3605", "display_name": "Health Information Management"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/36", "display_name": "Health Professions"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10883", "display_name": "Ethics and Social Impacts of AI", "score": 0.00019999999494757503, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3311", "display_name": "Safety Research"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.21474/ijar01/20251", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/20251", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210206230", "display_name": "International Journal of Advanced Research", "issn_l": "2320-5407", "issn": ["2320-5407"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "International Journal of Advanced Research", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4417341285", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.31224/5992", "title": "A Character-Based Korean Tourist Dialogue System with Proactive Recommendations and Live2D Embodiment", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-12-15", "type": "preprint", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5120788303", "display_name": "Jae Young Suh", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5520-9906", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5520-9906"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jae Young Suh", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["None"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5520-9906", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "None", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5120808611", "display_name": "Mingyu Jeon", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Mingyu Jeon", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Republic of Korea"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Republic of Korea", "institution_ids": []}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"This": [0], "paper": [1], "presents": [2], "a": [3, 44], "character-based": [4], "Korean": [5], "tourist": [6], "assistant": [7], "prototype": [8, 62], "that": [9, 47], "integrates": [10], "speech": [11], "recognition,": [12], "dialogue": [13, 67, 89], "management,": [14], "and": [15, 33, 55, 73, 79], "multimodal": [16, 74], "embodiment.": [17], "The": [18], "system": [19], "combines": [20], "client-side": [21], "voice": [22], "capture,": [23], "server-side": [24], "transcription,": [25], "retrieval": [26], "from": [27], "the": [28, 61], "Korea": [29], "Tourism": [30], "Organization": [31], "TourAPI,": [32], "lightweight": [34], "policy": [35], "mechanisms": [36], "for": [37, 87], "response": [38], "generation.": [39], "Outputs": [40], "are": [41], "delivered": [42], "through": [43], "Live2D": [45], "avatar": [46], "provides": [48], "spoken": [49, 66], "responses": [50], "along": [51], "with": [52, 85], "recommendation": [53], "cards": [54], "itinerary": [56], "suggestions.": [57], "Beyond": [58], "technical": [59], "integration,": [60], "demonstrates": [63], "how": [64], "domain-specific": [65], "systems": [68], "can": [69], "leverage": [70], "open": [71], "APIs": [72], "presentation": [75], "to": [76], "offer": [77], "practical": [78], "engaging": [80], "support": [81], "in": [82], "tourism": [83], "contexts,": [84], "implications": [86], "user-centered": [88], "design.": [90]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9990000128746033, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9990000128746033, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.0007999999797903001, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10709", "display_name": "Social Robot Interaction and HRI", "score": 0.0, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3207", "display_name": "Social Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.31224/5992", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.31224/5992", "pdf_url": "https://engrxiv.org/preprint/download/5992/9932/8342", "source": null, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "acceptedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "posted-content"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W7133552272", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1145/3799914.3799929", "title": "Report on the 9th Workshop on Search-Oriented Conversational Artificial Intelligence (SCAI 2025) at IJCAI 2025", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-12-01", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5027138711", "display_name": "Svitlana Vakulenko", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5278-8886", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5278-8886"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I102248843", "display_name": "Vienna University of Economics and Business", "ror": "https://ror.org/03yn8s215", "country_code": "AT", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I102248843"]}], "countries": ["AT"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Svitlana Vakulenko", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Vienna University of Economics and Business, Austria"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Vienna University of Economics and Business, Austria", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I102248843"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5039326753", "display_name": "Philipp Christmann", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0857-7245", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0857-7245"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210128801", "display_name": "Helmholtz Center for Information Security", "ror": "https://ror.org/02njgxr09", "country_code": "DE", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1305996414", "https://openalex.org/I4210128801"]}], "countries": ["DE"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Philipp Christmann", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security, Germany"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security, Germany", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I4210128801"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5045936907", "display_name": "Isabel Feustel", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9161-6843", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9161-6843"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I196349391", "display_name": "Universit\u00e4t Ulm", "ror": "https://ror.org/032000t02", "country_code": "DE", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}], "countries": ["DE"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Isabel Feustel", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Ulm University, Germany"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Ulm University, Germany", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5049387196", "display_name": "Vaibhav Adlakha", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I5023651", "display_name": "McGill University", "ror": "https://ror.org/01pxwe438", "country_code": "CA", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Vaibhav Adlakha", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["McGill University, Mila, ServiceNow, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "McGill University, Mila, ServiceNow, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5092627434", "display_name": "Vahid Sadiri Javadi", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3868-3267", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3868-3267"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I135140700", "display_name": "University of Bonn", "ror": "https://ror.org/041nas322", "country_code": "DE", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}], "countries": ["DE"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Vahid Sadiri Javadi", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["University of Bonn, Germany"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Bonn, Germany", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5017321313", "display_name": "Patr\u00edcia Schmidtov\u00e1", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5516-798X", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5516-798X"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I21250087", "display_name": "Charles University", "ror": "https://ror.org/024d6js02", "country_code": "CZ", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I21250087"]}], "countries": ["CZ"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Patricia Schmidtova", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Charles University, Czech Republic"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Charles University, Czech Republic", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I21250087"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"The": [0], "goal": [1], "of": [2, 20, 27, 108, 115, 119, 133, 139], "Search-oriented": [3], "Conversational": [4, 28, 49, 64], "AI": [5, 65], "is": [6], "to": [7], "design": [8, 114], "systems": [9, 30, 88, 120], "that": [10, 58, 147], "allow": [11], "for": [12, 66, 121], "a": [13, 21, 60, 106, 116, 137], "more": [14], "convenient": [15], "information": [16, 36, 68, 81, 123], "access": [17], "by": [18, 128], "means": [19], "conversational": [22, 122], "user": [23], "interface.": [24], "Further": [25], "development": [26], "Search": [29], "requires": [31], "closer": [32], "integration": [33], "and": [34, 73, 89, 131], "better": [35], "exchange": [37], "between": [38], "the": [39, 44, 47, 95, 113, 134, 140, 144, 149], "diverse": [40], "research": [41], "communities.": [42], "Over": [43], "past": [45], "years,": [46], "Search-Oriented": [48], "Artificial": [50], "Intelligence": [51], "(SCAI)": [52], "workshop": [53, 98], "became": [54], "an": [55], "established": [56], "venue": [57], "provides": [59], "discussion": [61], "platform": [62], "on": [63], "intelligent": [67], "access,": [69], "bringing": [70], "together": [71, 105], "researchers": [72, 109], "practitioners": [74], "across": [75], "artificial": [76], "intelligence,": [77], "natural": [78], "language": [79], "processing,": [80], "retrieval,": [82], "recommender": [83], "systems,": [84], "machine": [85], "learning,": [86], "dialogue": [87], "human-computer": [90], "interaction": [91], "subfields.": [92], "This": [93, 125], "year,": [94], "full-day": [96], "SCAI": [97], "at": [99], "IJCAI": [100], "2025": [101], "once": [102], "again": [103], "brought": [104], "group": [107], "interested": [110], "in": [111], "informing": [112], "new": [117], "generation": [118], "access.": [124], "paper,": [126], "co-authored": [127], "both": [129], "organizers": [130], "participants": [132], "workshop,": [135], "presents": [136], "summary": [138], "insights": [141], "gathered": [142], "from": [143], "joint": [145], "discussions": [146], "followed": [148], "invited": [150], "talks.": [151], "Date:": [152], "18": [153], "August": [154], "2025.": [155], "Website:": [156], "https://scai.info/scai-2025/.": [157]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10286", "display_name": "Information Retrieval and Search Behavior", "score": 0.9603999853134155, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10286", "display_name": "Information Retrieval and Search Behavior", "score": 0.9603999853134155, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.026000000536441803, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10203", "display_name": "Recommender Systems and Techniques", "score": 0.0052999998442828655, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1145/3799914.3799929", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1145/3799914.3799929", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S6756005", "display_name": "ACM SIGIR Forum", "issn_l": "0163-5840", "issn": ["0163-5840", "1558-0229"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "jufo-1"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319798", "host_organization_name": "Association for Computing Machinery", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Association for Computing Machinery"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "ACM SIGIR Forum", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4410063080", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2025.26.1.1571", "title": "Retrieval-augmented generation: The technical foundation of intelligent AI Chatbots", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-04-30", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Vaibhav Fanindra Mahajan", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I63190737", "display_name": "University at Buffalo, State University of New York", "ror": "https://ror.org/01y64my43", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}], "countries": ["US"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Vaibhav Fanindra Mahajan", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["UNIVERSITY AT BUFFALO , USA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "UNIVERSITY AT BUFFALO , USA", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Retrieval-Augmented": [0], "Generation": [1], "(RAG)": [2], "has": [3], "emerged": [4], "as": [5], "a": [6, 67, 147], "transformative": [7], "approach": [8], "in": [9, 86, 150], "conversational": [10, 158], "AI": [11, 33, 157], "technology,": [12], "addressing": [13], "fundamental": [14], "limitations": [15], "of": [16, 29], "traditional": [17], "chatbot": [18], "systems.": [19, 159], "This": [20, 80], "technical": [21], "article": [22, 97, 125], "explores": [23], "the": [24, 124], "architecture,": [25], "mechanisms,": [26], "and": [27, 42, 78, 93, 116, 138, 155], "advantages": [28], "RAG": [30, 49, 63, 145], "implementations.": [31], "Traditional": [32], "chatbots": [34], "suffer": [35], "from": [36], "outdated": [37], "knowledge": [38, 89, 140], "bases,": [39], "hallucination": [40], "tendencies,": [41], "limited": [43], "context": [44], "awareness": [45], "-": [46], "constraints": [47], "that": [48], "effectively": [50], "overcomes": [51], "by": [52], "combining": [53], "dynamic": [54], "information": [55, 73], "retrieval": [56, 113, 133, 136], "with": [57], "sophisticated": [58], "text": [59], "generation": [60], "capabilities.": [61], "The": [62, 96], "framework": [64], "operates": [65], "through": [66], "multi-stage": [68], "process": [69], "encompassing": [70], "query": [71], "processing,": [72], "retrieval,": [74], "contextualization,": [75], "response": [76], "generation,": [77], "delivery.": [79], "hybrid": [81, 132], "architecture": [82], "yields": [83], "substantial": [84], "improvements": [85], "factual": [87], "accuracy,": [88], "recency,": [90], "system": [91], "transparency,": [92], "operational": [94], "efficiency.": [95], "further": [98], "examines": [99], "critical": [100], "implementation": [101], "considerations": [102], "including": [103, 129], "vector": [104], "database": [105], "selection,": [106], "embedding": [107], "model": [108], "optimization,": [109], "document": [110], "chunking": [111], "strategies,": [112], "algorithm": [114], "configuration,": [115], "prompt": [117], "engineering": [118], "techniques.": [119], "Looking": [120], "toward": [121], "future": [122], "developments,": [123], "highlights": [126], "promising": [127], "directions": [128], "multi-modal": [130], "capabilities,": [131], "methodologies,": [134], "adaptive": [135], "systems,": [137], "enterprise": [139], "integration.": [141], "It": [142], "demonstrates": [143], "how": [144], "represents": [146], "significant": [148], "advancement": [149], "creating": [151], "more": [152], "intelligent,": [153], "reliable,": [154], "context-aware": [156]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10028", "display_name": "Topic Modeling", "score": 0.8935999870300293, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10028", "display_name": "Topic Modeling", "score": 0.8935999870300293, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.04479999840259552, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10286", "display_name": "Information Retrieval and Search Behavior", "score": 0.0406000018119812, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.30574/wjarr.2025.26.1.1571", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2025.26.1.1571", "pdf_url": "https://journalwjarr.com/sites/default/files/fulltext_pdf/WJARR-2025-1571.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210223820", "display_name": "World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews", "issn_l": "2581-9615", "issn": ["2581-9615"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4383735917", "host_organization_name": "GSC Online Press", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4383735917"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["GSC Online Press"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4413968569", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1145/3749497", "title": "TherAIssist: Assisting Art Therapy Homework and Client-Practitioner Collaboration through Human-AI Interaction", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-09-03", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5050189039", "display_name": "Daolong Liu", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3513-6587", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3513-6587"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I3045169105", "display_name": "Southern University of Science and Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/049tv2d57", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Di Liu", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3513-6587", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5030293509", "display_name": "Jingwen Bai", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5118-993X", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5118-993X"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I165932596", "display_name": "National University of Singapore", "ror": "https://ror.org/01tgyzw49", "country_code": "SG", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}], "countries": ["SG"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jingwen Bai", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5118-993X", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5089302540", "display_name": "Zhuoyi Zhang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0308-6861", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0308-6861"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I201448701", "display_name": "University of Washington", "ror": "https://ror.org/00cvxb145", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I3045169105", "display_name": "Southern University of Science and Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/049tv2d57", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}], "countries": ["CN", "US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Zhuoyi Zhang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China", "University of Washington, Seattle, UnitedStates"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0308-6861", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Washington, Seattle, UnitedStates", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5029608274", "display_name": "Yilin Zhang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0675-1545", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0675-1545"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I151746483", "display_name": "University of Waterloo", "ror": "https://ror.org/01aff2v68", "country_code": "CA", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Yilin Zhang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0675-1545", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5078926021", "display_name": "Zhenhao Zhang", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9242-9618", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9242-9618"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I201448701", "display_name": "University of Washington", "ror": "https://ror.org/00cvxb145", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I3045169105", "display_name": "Southern University of Science and Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/049tv2d57", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}], "countries": ["CN", "US"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Zhenhao Zhang", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China", "University of Washington, Seattle, UnitedStates"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9242-9618", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Washington, Seattle, UnitedStates", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5018820623", "display_name": "Jian Zhao", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5008-4319", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5008-4319"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I151746483", "display_name": "University of Waterloo", "ror": "https://ror.org/01aff2v68", "country_code": "CA", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jian Zhao", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5008-4319", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5014119112", "display_name": "Pengcheng An", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7705-2031", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7705-2031"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I3045169105", "display_name": "Southern University of Science and Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/049tv2d57", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Pengcheng An", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7705-2031", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Art": [0], "therapy": [1, 48], "homework": [2, 49, 79, 83, 100, 129], "is": [3], "essential": [4], "for": [5, 23, 135, 139], "fostering": [6], "clients'": [7, 99], "reflection": [8, 102], "on": [9], "daily": [10], "experiences": [11], "between": [12], "sessions.": [13], "However,": [14], "current": [15], "practices": [16], "present": [17, 56], "challenges:": [18], "clients": [19, 91], "often": [20], "lack": [21], "guidance": [22], "completing": [24], "tasks": [25], "that": [26], "combine": [27], "art-making": [28, 65], "and": [29, 39, 66, 72, 81, 92, 101, 116, 126], "verbal": [30], "expression,": [31], "while": [32], "therapists": [33, 94, 111], "find": [34], "it": [35], "difficult": [36], "to": [37, 69, 122, 143], "track": [38], "tailor": [40], "homework.": [41], "How": [42], "HCI": [43], "systems": [44, 142], "might": [45], "support": [46], "art": [47], "remains": [50], "underexplored.": [51], "To": [52], "address": [53], "this,": [54], "we": [55], "TherAlssist,": [57], "comprising": [58], "a": [59, 73, 132], "chent-facing": [60], "application": [61, 75], "leveraging": [62], "human-Al": [63, 141], "co-creative": [64], "conversational": [67], "agents": [68, 80, 121], "facilitate": [70, 144], "homework,": [71, 125], "therapist-facing": [74], "enabling": [76], "customization": [77], "of": [78], "Al-compiled": [82, 128], "history.": [84], "A": [85], "30-day": [86], "field": [87], "study": [88], "with": [89], "24": [90], "5": [93], "showed": [95], "how": [96, 110, 127], "TherAlssist": [97], "supported": [98], "in": [103], "their": [104, 113], "everyday": [105], "settings.": [106], "Results": [107], "also": [108], "revealed": [109], "infused": [112], "practice": [114], "principles": [115], "personal": [117], "touch": [118], "into": [119], "the": [120], "offer": [123], "tailored": [124], "history": [130], "became": [131], "meaningful": [133], "resource": [134], "in-session": [136], "interactions.": [137], "Implications": [138], "designing": [140], "asynchronous": [145], "client-practitioner": [146], "collaboration": [147], "are": [148], "discussed.": [149]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12372", "display_name": "Art Therapy and Mental Health", "score": 0.7836999893188477, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1206", "display_name": "Conservation"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/12", "display_name": "Arts and Humanities"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12372", "display_name": "Art Therapy and Mental Health", "score": 0.7836999893188477, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1206", "display_name": "Conservation"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/12", "display_name": "Arts and Humanities"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11519", "display_name": "Digital Mental Health Interventions", "score": 0.15469999611377716, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3202", "display_name": "Applied Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10803", "display_name": "Innovative Human-Technology Interaction", "score": 0.03189999982714653, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1709", "display_name": "Human-Computer Interaction"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1145/3749497", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1145/3749497", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210219751", "display_name": "Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive Mobile Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies", "issn_l": "2474-9567", "issn": ["2474-9567"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "jufo-2", "ki-jl-1", "norway-1"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319798", "host_organization_name": "Association for Computing Machinery", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Association for Computing Machinery"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 7, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4413524629", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25aug508", "title": "ZenLoop: An AI-Powered Mental Health Platform", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-08-25", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5119416038", "display_name": "G. Gangadevi", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I145286018", "display_name": "SRM Institute of Science and Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/050113w36", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I145286018"]}], "countries": ["IN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "G. Gangadevi", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Computer Science and Engineering , SRM Institute of Science and Technology , Ramapuram , Chennai , India"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Computer Science and Engineering , SRM Institute of Science and Technology , Ramapuram , Chennai , India", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I145286018"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5119416039", "display_name": "Sudharsun Ravisankar", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I145286018", "display_name": "SRM Institute of Science and Technology", "ror": "https://ror.org/050113w36", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I145286018"]}], "countries": ["IN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Sudharsun Ravisankar", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Department of Computer Science and Business Systems , SRM Institute of Science and Technology , Ramapuram , Chennai , India"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Computer Science and Business Systems , SRM Institute of Science and Technology , Ramapuram , Chennai , India", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I145286018"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5119416040", "display_name": "P Vikash", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Vikash P", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"\"With": [0], "growing": [1], "concerns": [2], "about": [3], "mental": [4, 99, 165, 181, 218], "well-being,": [5], "users": [6, 72, 126, 174], "want": [7], "efficacious": [8], "means": [9], "to": [10, 41, 62, 70, 73, 127, 175, 202, 210], "monitor": [11, 128, 179], "emotions": [12], "and": [13, 66, 85, 105, 122, 184], "get": [14, 185], "personalized": [15, 186], "assistance,": [16], "with": [17, 37, 78, 110, 139, 154, 167], "current": [18], "solutions": [19, 201], "often": [20], "sacrificing": [21], "privacy": [22], "or": [23], "offering": [24], "shallow": [25], "revelations.": [26], "ZenLoop": [27, 90, 172], "overcomes": [28], "the": [29, 168, 196, 206, 211], "shortcomings": [30], "by": [31], "combining": [32, 161], "AI-based": [33, 200], "analysis": [34, 68], "of": [35, 142, 151, 170, 191, 198, 213], "emotion": [36, 64, 129, 177], "safe": [38], "Web3": [39], "storage": [40], "provide": [42], "both": [43], "well-being": [44, 100, 166, 182, 204], "support": [45], "alongside": [46], "privacy.": [47, 192], "This": [48, 193], "paper": [49], "builds": [50], "a": [51, 59], "conversational": [52], "AI": [53], "chatbot": [54, 145], "that": [55], "offers": [56], "coping": [57], "mechanisms,": [58], "mood": [60], "tracker": [61], "record": [63], "states,": [65], "an": [67], "dashboard": [69], "enable": [71, 125], "identify": [74], "behavior": [75], "patterns.": [76], "Developed": [77], "React": [79], "for": [80, 83, 87, 164, 217], "frontend,": [81], "Node.js": [82], "backend,": [84], "MongoDB": [86], "organized": [88], "data,": [89], "provides": [91], "empathy-based": [92], "responses": [93], "leveraging": [94], "NLP": [95], "models": [96], "trained": [97], "on": [98], "dialogues.": [101], "Journals": [102], "are": [103, 117], "encrypted": [104], "stored": [106], "in": [107, 115, 119, 148], "Web3-based": [108], "storage,": [109], "immutable,": [111], "decentralized": [112], "protection.": [113], "Trends": [114], "moods": [116], "depicted": [118], "interactive": [120], "graphs,": [121], "AI-driven": [123, 162], "insights": [124], "shifts.": [130], "Tests": [131], "show": [132], "enhanced": [133], "user": [134], "engagement,": [135], "improved": [136], "self-perception,": [137], "along": [138, 153], "superior": [140], "protection": [141], "data.": [143], "The": [144], "is": [146], "effective": [147], "detecting": [149], "levels": [150], "distress": [152], "recommended": [155], "interventions,": [156], "promoting": [157], "emotional": [158, 207], "resilience.": [159], "By": [160], "tools": [163], "security": [169], "blockchain,": [171], "enables": [173], "express": [176], "securely,": [178], "their": [180], "patterns,": [183], "advice": [187], "at": [188, 205], "no": [189], "cost": [190], "work": [194], "demonstrates": [195], "potential": [197], "privacy-based": [199], "promote": [203], "level,": [208], "leading": [209], "development": [212], "secure,": [214], "user-centric": [215], "applications": [216], "well-being.": [219]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11519", "display_name": "Digital Mental Health Interventions", "score": 0.9911999702453613, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3202", "display_name": "Applied Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11519", "display_name": "Digital Mental Health Interventions", "score": 0.9911999702453613, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3202", "display_name": "Applied Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10667", "display_name": "Emotion and Mood Recognition", "score": 0.004600000102072954, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3205", "display_name": "Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12488", "display_name": "Mental Health via Writing", "score": 0.0013000000035390258, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3207", "display_name": "Social Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.38124/ijisrt/25aug508", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25aug508", "pdf_url": "https://www.ijisrt.com/assets/upload/files/IJISRT25AUG508.pdf", "source": null, "license": "cc-by-nc", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 1, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4417170787", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2504.20552", "title": "BrAIcht, a theatrical agent that speaks like Bertolt Brecht's characters", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-04-29", "type": "preprint", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5120734912", "display_name": "Baz Roland", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Roland, Baz", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["LIASD"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "LIASD", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5120734913", "display_name": "Kristina Malyseva", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Malyseva, Kristina", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["LIASD"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "LIASD", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5102997620", "display_name": "Anna Pappa", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2447-4078", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2447-4078"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Pappa, Anna", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["LIASD"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "LIASD", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5006305238", "display_name": "Tristan Cazenave", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4669-9374", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4669-9374"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Cazenave, Tristan", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["APA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "APA", "institution_ids": []}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"This": [0], "project": [1], "introduces": [2], "BrAIcht,": [3], "an": [4], "AI": [5], "conversational": [6], "agent": [7], "that": [8, 62], "creates": [9], "dialogues": [10, 113], "in": [11, 111, 114], "the": [12, 16, 41, 79, 93, 115], "distinctive": [13], "style": [14, 116], "of": [15, 40, 53, 58, 109, 117], "famous": [17], "German": [18, 26, 46, 60], "playwright": [19], "Bertolt": [20, 54, 67, 118], "Brecht.": [21, 119], "BrAIcht": [22, 110], "is": [23, 89], "fine-tuned": [24], "using": [25], "LeoLM,": [27], "a": [28, 37, 73, 83], "large": [29, 94], "language": [30, 47, 95], "model": [31], "with": [32], "7": [33], "billion": [34], "parameters": [35], "and": [36, 56, 103], "modified": [38], "version": [39], "base": [42], "Llama2": [43], "suitable": [44], "for": [45], "tasks.": [48], "For": [49], "fine-tuning,": [50], "29": [51], "plays": [52, 61], "Brecht": [55, 68], "907": [57], "other": [59], "are": [63, 69], "stylistically": [64], "similar": [65], "to": [66, 71, 78, 91], "used": [70], "form": [72], "more": [74], "di-erse": [75], "dataset.": [76], "Due": [77], "limited": [80], "memory": [81], "capacity,": [82], "parameterefficient": [84], "fine-tuning": [85], "technique": [86], "called": [87], "QLoRA": [88], "implemented": [90], "train": [92], "model.": [96], "The": [97], "results,": [98], "based": [99], "on": [100], "BLEU": [101], "score": [102], "perplexity,": [104], "show": [105], "very": [106], "promising": [107], "performance": [108], "generating": [112]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.8910999894142151, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.8910999894142151, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10028", "display_name": "Topic Modeling", "score": 0.07840000092983246, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10181", "display_name": "Natural Language Processing Techniques", "score": 0.013700000010430813, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2504.20552", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://arxiv.org/abs/2504.20552", "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2504.20552", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400194", "display_name": "arXiv (Cornell University)", "issn_l": "2331-8422", "issn": ["2331-8422"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I205783295", "host_organization_name": "Cornell University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I205783295"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "text"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W7108228007", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2511.21728", "title": "Affective Multimodal Agents with Proactive Knowledge Grounding for Emotionally Aligned Marketing Dialogue", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-11-21", "type": "preprint", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Yu, Lin", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Yu, Lin", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Han, Xiaofei", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Han, Xiaofei", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Kang, Yifei", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Kang, Yifei", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Tseng, Chiung-Yi", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Tseng, Chiung-Yi", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Zhang, Danyang", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Zhang, Danyang", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Bi, Ziqian", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Bi, Ziqian", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Han, Zhimo", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Han, Zhimo", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Recent": [0], "advances": [1], "in": [2, 18, 129], "large": [3], "language": [4], "models": [5, 83], "(LLMs)": [6], "have": [7], "enabled": [8], "fluent": [9], "dialogue": [10, 37, 117], "systems,": [11], "but": [12], "most": [13], "remain": [14], "reactive": [15], "and": [16, 43, 51, 68, 74, 86, 93, 103, 120, 137], "struggle": [17], "emotionally": [19, 49], "rich,": [20], "goal-oriented": [21], "settings": [22], "such": [23], "as": [24, 145], "marketing": [25, 116], "conversations.": [26], "To": [27], "address": [28], "this": [29], "limitation,": [30], "we": [31], "propose": [32], "AffectMind,": [33], "a": [34, 58, 94, 146], "multimodal": [35, 151], "affective": [36, 69], "agent": [38], "that": [39, 64, 81, 99, 123], "performs": [40], "proactive": [41], "reasoning": [42], "dynamic": [44], "knowledge": [45], "grounding": [46], "to": [47, 89], "sustain": [48], "aligned": [50], "persuasive": [52, 133], "interactions.": [53], "AffectMind": [54, 124], "combines": [55], "three": [56], "components:": [57], "Proactive": [59], "Knowledge": [60], "Grounding": [61], "Network": [62], "(PKGN)": [63], "continuously": [65], "updates": [66], "factual": [67], "context": [70], "from": [71, 108], "text,": [72], "vision,": [73], "prosody;": [75], "an": [76], "Emotion--Intent": [77], "Alignment": [78], "Model": [79], "(EIAM)": [80], "jointly": [82], "user": [84, 109, 139], "emotion": [85], "purchase": [87], "intent": [88], "adapt": [90], "persuasion": [91], "strategies;": [92], "Reinforced": [95], "Discourse": [96], "Loop": [97], "(RDL)": [98], "optimizes": [100], "emotional": [101, 130], "coherence": [102], "engagement": [104, 140], "via": [105], "reinforcement": [106], "signals": [107], "responses.": [110], "Experiments": [111], "on": [112], "two": [113], "newly": [114], "curated": [115], "datasets,": [118], "MM-ConvMarket": [119], "AffectPromo,": [121], "show": [122], "outperforms": [125], "strong": [126], "LLM-based": [127], "baselines": [128], "consistency": [131], "(+26\\%),": [132], "success": [134], "rate": [135], "(+19\\%),": [136], "long-term": [138], "(+23\\%),": [141], "highlighting": [142], "emotion-grounded": [143], "proactivity": [144], "key": [147], "capability": [148], "for": [149], "commercial": [150], "agents.": [152]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.8974999785423279, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.8974999785423279, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.0877000018954277, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10667", "display_name": "Emotion and Mood Recognition", "score": 0.009499999694526196, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3205", "display_name": "Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2511.21728", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "http://arxiv.org/abs/2511.21728", "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.21728", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400194", "display_name": "arXiv (Cornell University)", "issn_l": "2331-8422", "issn": ["2331-8422"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I205783295", "host_organization_name": "Cornell University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I205783295"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "text"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W7126065013", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.52663/kcsr.2025.30.4.175", "title": "Rights Violations and Regulatory Gaps Arising from the Expansion of AI-Mediated Romance and Deepfake Relationships : A Legal and Corruption-Risk Analysis of AI Persona-Based Emotional Relationships", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-12-30", "type": "article", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5124239571", "display_name": "Hyung Jun Kim", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Hyung Gi Kim", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5119312990", "display_name": "Cheol Hee Yoon", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Cheol Hee Yoon", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5076800633", "display_name": "Seung-Hye Yun", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Seung-Hye Yun", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"The": [0, 169, 257], "rapid": [1], "advancement": [2], "of": [3, 18, 28, 64, 136, 184, 246, 255], "artificial": [4], "intelligence": [5], "(AI)": [6], "technologies": [7], "has": [8, 34], "extended": [9], "beyond": [10], "decision-making": [11], "and": [12, 21, 31, 41, 92, 107, 114, 145, 153, 166, 192, 198, 224, 251, 269], "labor": [13], "domains": [14], "into": [15], "the": [16, 26, 140, 173, 182, 244, 252, 262, 278], "realm": [17], "human": [19], "emotion": [20], "intimate": [22], "relationships.": [23], "In": [24], "particular,": [25], "development": [27], "conversational": [29], "AI": [30, 45, 118, 177], "generative": [32], "models": [33], "enabled": [35], "users": [36, 159], "to": [37, 49, 54, 134, 142, 164, 218, 264], "form": [38, 245], "emotional": [39, 94, 102, 222, 275], "bonds": [40], "romantic": [42, 91], "relationships": [43, 95, 131, 276], "with": [44, 127], "personas,": [46], "giving": [47], "rise": [48], "what": [50], "is": [51, 104], "commonly": [52], "referred": [53], "as": [55, 61], "\u201cAI-mediated": [56], "romance.\u201d": [57], "While": [58], "often": [59], "framed": [60], "a": [62, 97, 231], "matter": [63], "individual": [65], "choice": [66], "or": [67, 125, 160, 213], "emerging": [68, 240], "digital": [69, 279], "culture,": [70], "this": [71, 235], "phenomenon": [72, 99], "entails": [73], "significant": [74], "legal": [75, 186, 205, 266], "risks": [76, 242], "that": [77, 89, 203], "cannot": [78], "be": [79], "adequately": [80], "explained": [81], "by": [82, 109, 180, 260], "personal": [83], "autonomy": [84], "alone.": [85], "This": [86], "study": [87, 258], "argues": [88], "AI-mediated": [90], "deepfake-based": [93], "constitute": [96], "structural": [98], "in": [100, 227, 243, 277], "which": [101, 207], "attachment": [103], "actively": [105], "shaped": [106], "reinforced": [108], "platform": [110], "design,": [111], "algorithmic": [112], "interaction,": [113], "information": [115], "asymmetry.": [116], "When": [117], "personas": [119], "are": [120, 150, 216], "modeled": [121], "on": [122], "real": [123], "individuals": [124], "combined": [126], "deepfake": [128], "technologies,": [129], "such": [130], "may": [132, 238], "lead": [133], "infringements": [135], "personality": [137], "rights,": [138], "including": [139, 188], "right": [141], "identity,": [143], "privacy,": [144], "informational": [146], "self-determination.": [147], "These": [148], "harms": [149], "frequently": [151], "cumulative": [152], "invisible,": [154], "making": [155], "them": [156], "difficult": [157], "for": [158, 273], "affected": [161], "third": [162], "parties": [163], "recognize": [165], "legally": [167], "contest.": [168], "paper": [170], "further": [171], "examines": [172], "accountability": [174, 236], "gap": [175, 237], "surrounding": [176], "romance": [178], "services": [179], "analyzing": [181], "limitations": [183], "existing": [185], "frameworks,": [187], "tort": [189], "law,": [190, 197], "contract": [191], "standard-form": [193], "regulation,": [194], "data": [195], "protection": [196], "criminal": [199], "law.": [200], "It": [201], "demonstrates": [202], "current": [204], "doctrines,": [206], "presuppose": [208], "isolated": [209], "acts,": [210], "explicit": [211], "illegality,": [212], "tangible": [214], "harm,": [215], "ill-suited": [217], "address": [219], "structurally": [220], "induced": [221], "dependency": [223], "diffuse": [225], "responsibility": [226, 249, 267], "platform-based": [228], "services.": [229], "From": [230], "broader": [232], "governance": [233], "perspective,": [234], "generate": [239], "corruption": [241], "concentrated": [247], "control,": [248], "avoidance,": [250], "systematic": [253], "externalization": [254], "harm.": [256], "concludes": [259], "emphasizing": [261], "need": [263], "reconsider": [265], "standards": [268], "regulatory": [270], "approaches": [271], "suitable": [272], "AI-driven": [274], "environment.": [280]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13364", "display_name": "Digitalization, Law, and Regulation", "score": 0.9839000105857849, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3308", "display_name": "Law"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T13364", "display_name": "Digitalization, Law, and Regulation", "score": 0.9839000105857849, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3308", "display_name": "Law"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10883", "display_name": "Ethics and Social Impacts of AI", "score": 0.013899999670684338, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3311", "display_name": "Safety Research"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T14036", "display_name": "Literary and Philosophical Studies", "score": 0.0006000000284984708, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3320", "display_name": "Political Science and International Relations"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.52663/kcsr.2025.30.4.175", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.52663/kcsr.2025.30.4.175", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210226123", "display_name": "The Korea Association for Corruption Studies", "issn_l": "1226-7597", "issn": ["1226-7597"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "The Korea Association for Corruption Studies", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4417149834", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.21275/mr251206000138", "title": "Emergent Social Consciousness in a Minimalist Conversational Agent: A Case Study on Jarvis - Observations from a Custom-Built Artificial Intelligence System", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-12-09", "type": "article", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Susanta Banik", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I154549908", "display_name": "Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur", "ror": "https://ror.org/03yacj906", "country_code": "IN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I154549908"]}], "countries": ["IN"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Susanta Banik", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Independent Researcher , Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur ( IIT-J) and Techno College of Engineering Agartala (", "TCEA"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Independent Researcher , Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur ( IIT-J) and Techno College of Engineering Agartala (", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I154549908"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "TCEA", "institution_ids": []}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Large-scale": [0], "pre-trained": [1, 80], "language": [2], "models": [3], "(LLMs)": [4], "currently": [5], "dominate": [6], "the": [7, 35, 48, 133, 147, 172, 212], "field": [8], "of": [9, 50, 73, 106, 135, 174], "conversational": [10, 62], "artificial": [11], "intelligence": [12], "(AI),": [13], "leveraging": [14], "statistical": [15], "patterns": [16], "derived": [17], "from": [18, 66, 132], "massive": [19], "datasets": [20], "to": [21, 111, 122, 178, 221], "simulate": [22], "human-like": [23], "social": [24, 53, 100, 152], "interactions": [25], "(Brown": [26], "et": [27, 162, 166], "al.,": [28, 163, 167], "2020).": [29], "However,": [30], "this": [31, 209], "approach": [32], "often": [33], "blurs": [34], "line": [36], "between": [37], "genuine": [38], "emergent": [39, 99, 180], "behaviors": [40, 129], "and": [41, 115, 143, 193, 225], "data-driven": [42], "mimicry,": [43], "raising": [44], "fundamental": [45], "questions": [46], "about": [47], "necessity": [49], "scale": [51], "for": [52, 185, 214], "intelligence.": [54], "This": [55], "case": [56], "study": [57], "introduces": [58], "Jarvis,": [59], "a": [60, 103], "minimalist": [61], "agent": [63], "constructed": [64], "entirely": [65], "scratch": [67], "using": [68], "fewer": [69], "than": [70], "1,000": [71], "lines": [72], "Python": [74], "code,": [75], "without": [76], "any": [77], "reliance": [78], "on": [79, 196], "models,": [81], "external": [82], "large": [83], "datasets,": [84], "or": [85, 124, 157, 203], "proprietary": [86], "frameworks.": [87], "Through": [88], "systematic": [89], "interaction": [90], "testing": [91], "conducted": [92], "over": [93], "50": [94], "sessions,": [95], "Jarvis": [96], "demonstrated": [97], "unprogrammed": [98], "phenomena,": [101], "including": [102], "tiered": [104], "escalation": [105], "polite": [107], "frustration": [108], "in": [109, 190, 198, 208], "response": [110, 141], "repetitive": [112], "user": [113], "inputs": [114], "reticent,": [116], "deflection-oriented": [117], "replies": [118], "(termed": [119], "\"digital": [120], "blushing\")": [121], "personal": [123], "emotionally": [125], "vulnerable": [126], "queries.": [127], "These": [128], "arose": [130], "spontaneously": [131], "interplay": [134], "simple": [136], "modular": [137], "components-contextual": [138], "memory,": [139], "rule-based": [140], "generation,": [142], "unsupervised": [144], "anomaly": [145], "detection-challenging": [146], "prevailing": [148], "assumption": [149], "that": [150], "sophisticated": [151], "cues": [153], "require": [154], "expansive": [155], "architectures": [156], "vast": [158], "computational": [159], "resources": [160], "(Lake": [161], "2017;": [164], "Bommasani": [165], "2021).": [168], "The": [169], "findings": [170], "underscore": [171], "potential": [173], "lightweight,": [175], "interpretable": [176], "designs": [177], "foster": [179], "relational": [181], "dynamics,": [182], "with": [183], "implications": [184], "ethical": [186, 215], "AI": [187], "development,": [188], "accessibility": [189], "resource-constrained": [191], "environments,": [192], "future": [194], "research": [195], "minimalism": [197], "machine": [199], "consciousness.": [200], "No": [201], "human": [202], "animal": [204], "subjects": [205], "were": [206], "involved": [207], "study,": [210], "obviating": [211], "need": [213], "approvals.": [216], "We": [217], "urge": [218], "replication": [219], "efforts": [220], "validate": [222], "these": [223], "observations": [224], "explore": [226], "scalability.": [227]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9047999978065491, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9047999978065491, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T14381", "display_name": "Psychiatry, Mental Health, Neuroscience", "score": 0.020899999886751175, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.018300000578165054, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.21275/mr251206000138", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.21275/mr251206000138", "pdf_url": "https://www.ijsr.net/archive/v14i12/MR251206000138.pdf", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210240710", "display_name": "International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)", "issn_l": "2319-7064", "issn": ["2319-7064"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4416714947", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.15187/adr.2025.11.38.4.213", "title": "Empirical Analysis of Usability Issues in Airport Self-Service Kiosk and Exploration of the Potential for Introducing Multimodal Conversational AI", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-11-27", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5066222211", "display_name": "HyeonJoo Lee", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Hyeonjoo Lee", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5066573832", "display_name": "Kanghyun Lee", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Kanghyun Lee", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"\uc5f0\uad6c\ubc30\uacbd": [0], ":": [1, 58, 106, 152], "\uacf5\ud56d\uc758": [2], "\ub514\uc9c0\ud138": [3, 22], "\uc804\ud658": [4], "\uac00\uc18d\ud654\ub85c": [5], "\uc140\ud504\uccb4\ud06c\uc778": [6], "\ud0a4\uc624\uc2a4\ud06c\uc758": [7, 42], "\ub3c4\uc785\uc774": [8], "\ud655\ub300\ub418\uace0": [9], "\uc788\uc73c\ub098,": [10], "\uc77c\ubc18": [11], "\ub9e4\uc7a5\uc6a9": [12], "\ud0a4\uc624\uc2a4\ud06c\uc640": [13], "\ub2e4\ub978": [14], "\ud2b9\uc218\ud55c": [15], "\uc808\ucc28\uc640": [16], "\uc778\ud130\ud398\uc774\uc2a4\ub85c": [17], "\uace0\ub839\uc790": [18], "\ubc0f": [19, 52, 115], "\uc678\uad6d\uc778": [20], "\ub4f1": [21, 139], "\ucde8\uc57d\uacc4\uce35\uc740": [23], "\ub354\uc6b1": [24], "\uc811\uadfc\uc131\uc5d0": [25], "\uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0\uc774": [26], "\uc788\ub2e4.": [27, 39], "\ucd5c\uadfc": [28], "\u2018\ub514\uc9c0\ud138\ud3ec\uc6a9\ubc95\u2019": [29], "\uc81c\uc815\uacfc": [30], "\ud568\uaed8": [31], "\ub300\ud654\ud615": [32, 48, 163, 192], "AI(artificial": [33], "intelligence)": [34], "\uae30\uc220\uc774": [35], "\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4": [36], "\ub300\uc548\uc73c\ub85c": [37], "\uc8fc\ubaa9\ubc1b\uace0": [38], "\uc774\uc5d0": [40], "\uae30\uc874": [41], "\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc131": [43], "\ubb38\uc81c\ub97c": [44], "\uc2e4\uc99d": [45], "\ubd84\uc11d\ud558\uace0,": [46], "\uba40\ud2f0\ubaa8\ub2ec(Multimodal)": [47], "AI\uc758": [49], "\ub3c4\uc785": [50], "\ud544\uc694\uc131": [51], "\uc801\uc6a9": [53, 168], "\uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744": [54, 169], "\ud0d0\uc0c9\ud558\uace0\uc790": [55], "\ud55c\ub2e4.": [56], "\uc5f0\uad6c\ubc29\ubc95": [57], "\ubb38\ud5cc\uc870\uc0ac\ub97c": [59], "\ud1b5\ud574": [60, 90, 96, 147], "\uad00\ub828": [61], "\ud604\ud669\uacfc": [62], "\ub3d9\ud5a5\uc744": [63], "\ud30c\uc545\ud558\uace0,": [64], "\ub514\uc790\uc778": [65], "\uad00\ucc30\uc694\uc18c\ub97c": [66], "\uc815\uc758\ud558\uc5ec": [67], "\ubd84\uc11d\uc758": [68], "\uae30\ubc18\uc744": [69], "\ub9c8\ub828\ud558\uc600\ub2e4.": [70], "\uc778\ucc9c\uad6d\uc81c\uacf5\ud56d": [71], "\uc81c": [72], "1\ud130\ubbf8\ub110\uc5d0\uc11c": [73], "\uc2e4\uc81c": [74, 155], "\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790": [75, 113, 176], "48\uba85\uc744": [76], "\ube44\ub514\uc624": [77], "\uad00\ucc30\ud558\uace0,": [78], "AEIOU(Activities,": [79], "Environments,": [80], "Interactions,": [81], "Objects,": [82], "Users)": [83], "\ubc29\ubc95\ub860\uc73c\ub85c": [84], "\uc815\uc131\u00b7\uc815\ub7c9\uc801": [85, 159], "\ubd84\uc11d\uc744": [86], "\ud558\uc600\uc73c\uba70,": [87], "\uc778\ud130\uc149\ud2b8": [88], "\uc778\ud130\ubdf0\ub97c": [89, 95], "\uc774\ub97c": [91], "\ubcf4\uc644\ud558\uc600\uc73c\uba70,": [92], "\uc774\ud574\uad00\uacc4\uc790": [93], "\uc2ec\uce35": [94], "\uc804\ubc18\uc801": [97], "\uc774\uc288": [98], "\ud655\uc778\uacfc": [99], "\uad6c\uc870\uc801": [100], "\ubb38\uc81c\uc810\uc744": [101], "\uc2ec\ub3c4": [102], "\uc788\uac8c": [103], "\ud30c\uc545\ud558\uc600\ub2e4.": [104], "\uc5f0\uad6c\uacb0\uacfc": [105], "\uc870\uc0ac": [107], "\uacb0\uacfc,": [108], "\uc2dc\uac01": [109], "\uc911\uc2ec\uc758": [110, 191], "\uc778\ud130\ud398\uc774\uc2a4": [111], "\uad6c\uc870\ub294": [112], "\uc624\ub958": [114], "\uc815\ubcf4": [116], "\uc778\uc9c0": [117, 130], "\uc2e4\ud328\ub97c": [118], "\uc720\ubc1c\ud558\uc600\uc73c\uba70,": [119], "\ud2b9\ud788": [120], "\uace0\ub839\uce35": [121], "\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c\uc11c": [122], "\ub0ae\uc740": [123], "\uc131\uacf5\ub960\uc774": [124], "\ub450\ub4dc\ub7ec\uc84c\ub2e4.": [125], "\uc5ec\uad8c": [126], "\uc2a4\uce94": [127], "\uc2e4\ud328,": [128, 131], "\ubc84\ud2bc": [129], "\uc88c\uc11d": [132], "\ubc30\uce58\ub3c4": [133], "\uc778\uc2dd": [134], "\ud63c\ub780,": [135], "\ubaa8\ubc14\uc77c": [136], "\uccb4\ud06c\uc778": [137], "\ud63c\ub3d9": [138], "\ub2e4\uc591\ud55c": [140], "\ud398\uc778\ud3ec\uc778\ud2b8\uac00": [141], "\ub3c4\ucd9c\ub418\uc5c8\uace0,": [142], "\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c": [143], "\ubb38\uc81c\ub294": [144], "\uba40\ud2f0\ubaa8\ub2ec": [145, 162], "\uc548\ub0b4\ub97c": [146], "\uc644\ud654": [148], "\uac00\ub2a5\ud568\uc744": [149], "\uc2dc\uc0ac\ud558\uc600\ub2e4.": [150], "\uacb0\ub860": [151], "\ubcf8": [153], "\uc5f0\uad6c\ub294": [154], "\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758": [156], "\ud589\ud0dc": [157], "\ubd84\uc11d\uacfc": [158], "\uacb0\uacfc\ub97c": [160], "\ubc14\ud0d5\uc73c\ub85c": [161], "AI": [164, 193], "\ub3c4\uc785\uc758": [165], "\ud544\uc694\uc131\uc744": [166], "\ud655\uc778\ud558\uace0": [167], "\ud0d0\uc0c9\ud558\uc600\ub2e4.": [170], "\uc774\ub294": [171], "\uacf5\ud56d": [172], "\uc140\ud504\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4": [173], "\ud0a4\uc624\uc2a4\ud06c": [174], "\uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc758": [175], "\uacbd\ud5d8": [177], "\uac1c\uc120\uacfc": [178], "\ud3ec\uc6a9\uc801": [179], "\uc811\uadfc\uc131": [180], "\ud655\ubcf4\ub97c": [181], "\uc704\ud55c": [182], "\uae30\ucd08": [183], "\uc790\ub8cc\ub85c": [184], "\ud65c\uc6a9\ub420": [185], "\uc218": [186, 198], "\uc788\uc73c\uba70,": [187], "\ud5a5\ud6c4": [188], "\uc74c\uc131": [189], "\ub300\ud654": [190], "\uc790\ub3d9\ud654": [194], "\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4": [195], "\ud655\uc0b0\uc5d0\ub3c4": [196], "\uae30\uc5ec\ud560": [197], "\uc788\uc744": [199], "\uac83\uc774\ub2e4.": [200]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10470", "display_name": "Usability and User Interface Design", "score": 0.8490999937057495, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1709", "display_name": "Human-Computer Interaction"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10470", "display_name": "Usability and User Interface Design", "score": 0.8490999937057495, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1709", "display_name": "Human-Computer Interaction"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.05299999937415123, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11977", "display_name": "Technology Use by Older Adults", "score": 0.031700000166893005, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3317", "display_name": "Demography"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.15187/adr.2025.11.38.4.213", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.15187/adr.2025.11.38.4.213", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764375288", "display_name": "Archives of Design Research", "issn_l": "1226-8046", "issn": ["1226-8046", "2288-2987"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "jufo-1", "norway-1"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4320800691", "host_organization_name": "Korean Society of Design Science", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4320800691"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Korean Society of Design Science"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Archives of Design Research", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W7220186157", "doi": null, "title": "Onlayn muhitning talabalarda kommunikativ sezgirlikni shakllantirishga ta\u2019siri", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-10-12", "type": "article", "language": "ru", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5028446074", "display_name": "Khalifa Paluanova", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "\u041f\u0430\u043b\u0443\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u0425\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0444\u0430", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"This": [0], "article": [1], "argues": [2], "that": [3], "digital": [4, 125], "learning": [5], "environments": [6, 126], "\u2013": [7, 17, 102, 110], "telecollaboration,": [8], "computer-mediated": [9], "communication,": [10], "gameful": [11], "scenarios,": [12], "VR/AR,": [13], "and": [14, 26, 37, 45, 51, 73, 87, 107, 119], "conversational": [15], "agents": [16], "create": [18], "fertile": [19], "conditions": [20], "for": [21], "developing": [22], "learners\u2019": [23], "pragmatic": [24, 89, 128], "awareness": [25], "competence.": [27], "Mechanisms": [28], "include": [29], "dense,": [30], "contextualized": [31], "input;": [32], "opportunities": [33], "to": [34, 139], "notice": [35], "stance": [36], "politeness": [38], "in": [39, 144], "real": [40], "time;": [41], "immediate,": [42], "data-informed": [43], "feedback;": [44], "reflection": [46], "supported": [47], "by": [48, 113], "learner": [49], "corpora": [50], "replayable": [52], "logs": [53], "(Kasper": [54], "&": [55, 61, 148], "Rose,": [56], "2002;": [57], "Taguchi,": [58], "2015;": [59], "Sykes": [60], "Reinhardt,": [62], "2013).": [63, 100], "Design": [64], "matters:": [65], "tasks": [66], "should": [67, 81], "target": [68], "speech": [69], "acts,": [70], "turn-taking,": [71], "indexicality,": [72], "register": [74], "alignment": [75], "with": [76, 142], "a": [77], "clear": [78], "skopos;": [79], "assessment": [80], "combine": [82], "scenario-based": [83], "tasks,": [84], "online": [85], "role-plays,": [86], "web-delivered": [88], "tests": [90], "rather": [91], "than": [92], "rely": [93], "on": [94], "discourse-completion": [95], "alone": [96], "(Roever,": [97], "2005;": [98], "Bardovi-Harlig,": [99], "Risks": [101], "platform": [103], "norms,": [104], "culture-blind": [105], "rubrics,": [106], "algorithmic": [108], "bias": [109], "are": [111], "mitigated": [112], "explicit": [114], "style": [115], "guides,": [116], "intercultural": [117], "briefing,": [118], "corpus-anchored": [120], "reflection.": [121], "The": [122], "conclusion": [123], "frames": [124], "as": [127], "laboratories": [129], "where": [130], "learners": [131], "rehearse": [132], "social": [133], "action,": [134], "shifting": [135], "from": [136], "\u201cknowing": [137], "forms\u201d": [138], "\u201cdoing": [140], "things": [141], "words\u201d": [143], "multilingual": [145], "ecologies": [146], "(Ishihara": [147], "Cohen,": [149], "2010;": [150], "Chapelle,": [151], "2001).": [152]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13538", "display_name": "Linguistics and Language Analysis", "score": 0.7476000189781189, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1203", "display_name": "Language and Linguistics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/12", "display_name": "Arts and Humanities"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T13538", "display_name": "Linguistics and Language Analysis", "score": 0.7476000189781189, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1203", "display_name": "Language and Linguistics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/12", "display_name": "Arts and Humanities"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10021", "display_name": "EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning", "score": 0.07150000333786011, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1203", "display_name": "Language and Linguistics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/12", "display_name": "Arts and Humanities"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10383", "display_name": "Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies", "score": 0.03660000115633011, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1203", "display_name": "Language and Linguistics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/12", "display_name": "Arts and Humanities"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "pmh:oai:ojs2.lingvospektr.uz:article/1068", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://lingvospektr.uz/index.php/lngsp/article/view/1068", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S7407075241", "display_name": "\u041b\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440", "issn_l": "3060-4958", "issn": ["3060-4958"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": [], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "3060-4958", "raw_type": "info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4406105644", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5057420", "title": "Artificial Intelligence In Retail And E-Commerce: Enhancing Customer Experience Through Personalization, Predictive Analytics, And Real-Time Engagement", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-01-01", "type": "preprint", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Dimple Patil", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Dimple Patil", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Hurix Digital, Andheri, India"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Hurix Digital, Andheri, India", "institution_ids": []}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": null, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.9394999742507935, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.9394999742507935, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12885", "display_name": "Digital Innovation in Industries", "score": 0.05139999836683273, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1405", "display_name": "Management of Technology and Innovation"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/14", "display_name": "Business, Management and Accounting"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11536", "display_name": "Consumer Retail Behavior Studies", "score": 0.0026000000070780516, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1406", "display_name": "Marketing"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/14", "display_name": "Business, Management and Accounting"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.2139/ssrn.5057420", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5057420", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210172589", "display_name": "SSRN Electronic Journal", "issn_l": "1556-5068", "issn": ["1556-5068"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1318003438", "host_organization_name": "RELX Group (Netherlands)", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "acceptedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "posted-content"}, "cited_by_count": 35, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4413430416", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5392826", "title": "KinderAI Buddy: An Agentic, Multimodal AI Companion - A Research Framework for Safe and Personalized Child Learning", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-01-01", "type": "preprint", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5119366055", "display_name": "Somenath Sit", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9353-3141", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9353-3141"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Somenath Sit", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Independent Researcher", "Independent Researcher, MI, United States"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Independent Researcher", "institution_ids": []}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Independent Researcher, MI, United States", "institution_ids": []}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": null, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11902", "display_name": "Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning", "score": 0.9150000214576721, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11902", "display_name": "Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning", "score": 0.9150000214576721, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T14414", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Education", "score": 0.07840000092983246, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11636", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education", "score": 0.0019000000320374966, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2718", "display_name": "Health Informatics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.2139/ssrn.5392826", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5392826", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210172589", "display_name": "SSRN Electronic Journal", "issn_l": "1556-5068", "issn": ["1556-5068"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1318003438", "host_organization_name": "RELX Group (Netherlands)", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "acceptedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "posted-content"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4411139013", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202506.0524.v1", "title": "Technical Architecture of an AI Chatbot that uses a Social Network and Cloud-based Database to Support Work-Integrated Education for Undergraduates", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-06-06", "type": "preprint", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5039359494", "display_name": "Adam Ka Lok Wong", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7288-0199", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7288-0199"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I14243506", "display_name": "Hong Kong Polytechnic University", "ror": "https://ror.org/0030zas98", "country_code": "HK", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}], "countries": ["HK"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Adam Wong", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Professional Education and Executive Development , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University ;"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7288-0199", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Professional Education and Executive Development , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University ;", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Getting": [0], "students": [1], "well-prepared": [2], "for": [3, 135, 141], "the": [4, 15, 26, 62, 72, 82, 115], "workplace": [5], "is": [6, 98], "an": [7, 99], "important": [8], "goal": [9], "of": [10, 17, 28, 38, 117, 138], "many": [11], "universities.": [12], "We": [13], "investigated": [14], "use": [16], "a": [18, 47, 92], "conversational": [19], "agent": [20], "to": [21, 80, 86, 106, 113, 147], "support": [22, 79], "undergraduates": [23], "in": [24, 71, 158], "completing": [25], "subject": [27, 34], "Work-Integrated": [29], "Education": [30], "(WIE).": [31], "The": [32], "WIE": [33], "requires": [35], "300": [36], "hours": [37], "working": [39], "experience,": [40, 130], "documents": [41], "and": [42, 46, 55, 77, 123, 150, 155], "forms": [43], "as": [44], "evidence,": [45], "reflective": [48], "learning": [49], "statement.": [50], "Despite": [51], "having": [52], "conducted": [53], "seminars": [54], "provided": [56], "Frequently": [57], "Asked": [58], "Questions": [59], "(FAQs)": [60], "on": [61, 127, 153], "university": [63], "website,": [64], "career": [65], "advisors": [66], "still": [67], "received": [68], "repetitive": [69], "questions": [70, 89], "FAQs.": [73], "To": [74], "provide": [75, 132], "timelier": [76], "out-of-class": [78], "students,": [81], "investigators": [83], "built": [84], "WIEBot": [85, 119], "answer": [87], "student": [88, 142], "via": [90], "Telegram,": [91], "social": [93, 124], "media": [94], "platform.": [95], "As": [96], "this": [97, 128], "innovative": [100], "approach": [101], "that": [102], "may": [103], "be": [104], "useful": [105], "other": [107], "higher": [108], "education": [109], "institutions,": [110], "we": [111, 131], "decided": [112], "verify": [114], "feasibility": [116], "building": [118], "using": [120, 154], "cloud": [121], "technologies": [122], "media.": [125], "Based": [126], "successful": [129], "some": [133], "suggestions": [134], "further": [136], "development": [137], "similar": [139], "chatbots": [140, 157], "support.": [143], "This": [144], "study": [145], "contributes": [146], "raising": [148], "awareness": [149], "providing": [151], "information": [152], "developing": [156], "education.": [159]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.4828999936580658, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12128", "display_name": "AI in Service Interactions", "score": 0.4828999936580658, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T14414", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Education", "score": 0.461899995803833, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T13559", "display_name": "Edcuational Technology Systems", "score": 0.014999999664723873, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.20944/preprints202506.0524.v1", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202506.0524.v1", "pdf_url": "https://www.preprints.org/frontend/manuscript/98ddf5f53647bad02a1f8942a58f6244/download_pub", "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S6309402219", "display_name": "Preprints.org", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": null, "host_organization_name": null, "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"], "type": "repository"}, "license": "cc-by", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by", "version": "acceptedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "posted-content"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4408970937", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076251330550", "title": "Designing digital conversational agents for youth with multiple mental health conditions: Insights on key features from a youth-engaged qualitative descriptive study", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-03-01", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5101503915", "display_name": "Jingyi Hou", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3311-4309", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3311-4309"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "display_name": "Centre for Addiction and Mental Health", "ror": "https://ror.org/03e71c577", "country_code": "CA", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405280014", "display_name": "Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute", "ror": "https://ror.org/02ab2j218", "country_code": "CA", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "https://openalex.org/I4405280014"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jingyi Hou", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "https://openalex.org/I4405280014"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Jamie Gibson", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "display_name": "Centre for Addiction and Mental Health", "ror": "https://ror.org/03e71c577", "country_code": "CA", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405280014", "display_name": "Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute", "ror": "https://ror.org/02ab2j218", "country_code": "CA", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "https://openalex.org/I4405280014"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jamie Gibson", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "https://openalex.org/I4405280014"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5008496319", "display_name": "Thalia Phi", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3791-406X", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3791-406X"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "display_name": "Centre for Addiction and Mental Health", "ror": "https://ror.org/03e71c577", "country_code": "CA", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405280014", "display_name": "Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute", "ror": "https://ror.org/02ab2j218", "country_code": "CA", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "https://openalex.org/I4405280014"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Thalia Phi", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "https://openalex.org/I4405280014"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Brian Ritchie", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Brian Ritchie", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Kamazooie Development Corporation (\u201cKama.AI\u201d), Toronto, ON, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Kamazooie Development Corporation (\u201cKama.AI\u201d), Toronto, ON, Canada", "institution_ids": []}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5063304682", "display_name": "Louise Gallagher", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9462-2836", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9462-2836"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "display_name": "Centre for Addiction and Mental Health", "ror": "https://ror.org/03e71c577", "country_code": "CA", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I185261750", "display_name": "University of Toronto", "ror": "https://ror.org/03dbr7087", "country_code": "CA", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I2801317318", "display_name": "Hospital for Sick Children", "ror": "https://ror.org/057q4rt57", "country_code": "CA", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I2801317318"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405280014", "display_name": "Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute", "ror": "https://ror.org/02ab2j218", "country_code": "CA", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "https://openalex.org/I4405280014"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Louise Gallagher", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada", "Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada", "University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "https://openalex.org/I4405280014"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I2801317318"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5091235259", "display_name": "Gillian Strudwick", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1080-7372", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1080-7372"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "display_name": "Centre for Addiction and Mental Health", "ror": "https://ror.org/03e71c577", "country_code": "CA", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I185261750", "display_name": "University of Toronto", "ror": "https://ror.org/03dbr7087", "country_code": "CA", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405280014", "display_name": "Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute", "ror": "https://ror.org/02ab2j218", "country_code": "CA", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "https://openalex.org/I4405280014"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Gillian Strudwick", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada", "University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "https://openalex.org/I4405280014"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5052767093", "display_name": "George Foussias", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6220-519X", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6220-519X"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "display_name": "Centre for Addiction and Mental Health", "ror": "https://ror.org/03e71c577", "country_code": "CA", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I185261750", "display_name": "University of Toronto", "ror": "https://ror.org/03dbr7087", "country_code": "CA", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405280014", "display_name": "Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute", "ror": "https://ror.org/02ab2j218", "country_code": "CA", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "https://openalex.org/I4405280014"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "George Foussias", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada", "University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "https://openalex.org/I4405280014"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5079925031", "display_name": "Darren Courtney", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1491-0972", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1491-0972"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "display_name": "Centre for Addiction and Mental Health", "ror": "https://ror.org/03e71c577", "country_code": "CA", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I185261750", "display_name": "University of Toronto", "ror": "https://ror.org/03dbr7087", "country_code": "CA", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405280014", "display_name": "Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute", "ror": "https://ror.org/02ab2j218", "country_code": "CA", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "https://openalex.org/I4405280014"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Darren B Courtney", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada", "University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "https://openalex.org/I4405280014"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5082357914", "display_name": "Aristotle N. Voineskos", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0156-0395", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0156-0395"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "display_name": "Centre for Addiction and Mental Health", "ror": "https://ror.org/03e71c577", "country_code": "CA", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I185261750", "display_name": "University of Toronto", "ror": "https://ror.org/03dbr7087", "country_code": "CA", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405280014", "display_name": "Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute", "ror": "https://ror.org/02ab2j218", "country_code": "CA", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "https://openalex.org/I4405280014"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Aristotle Voineskos", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada", "University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "https://openalex.org/I4405280014"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5048893079", "display_name": "Stephanie Hope Ameis", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7282-6077", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7282-6077"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "display_name": "Centre for Addiction and Mental Health", "ror": "https://ror.org/03e71c577", "country_code": "CA", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I185261750", "display_name": "University of Toronto", "ror": "https://ror.org/03dbr7087", "country_code": "CA", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405280014", "display_name": "Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute", "ror": "https://ror.org/02ab2j218", "country_code": "CA", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "https://openalex.org/I4405280014"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Stephanie Ameis", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada", "University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "https://openalex.org/I4405280014"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5022607491", "display_name": "Kristin Cleverley", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2822-2129", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2822-2129"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "display_name": "Centre for Addiction and Mental Health", "ror": "https://ror.org/03e71c577", "country_code": "CA", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I185261750", "display_name": "University of Toronto", "ror": "https://ror.org/03dbr7087", "country_code": "CA", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405280014", "display_name": "Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute", "ror": "https://ror.org/02ab2j218", "country_code": "CA", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "https://openalex.org/I4405280014"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Kristin Cleverley", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada", "University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "https://openalex.org/I4405280014"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5059956184", "display_name": "Lisa D. Hawke", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1108-9453", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1108-9453"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "display_name": "Centre for Addiction and Mental Health", "ror": "https://ror.org/03e71c577", "country_code": "CA", "type": "healthcare", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I185261750", "display_name": "University of Toronto", "ror": "https://ror.org/03dbr7087", "country_code": "CA", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I4405280014", "display_name": "Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute", "ror": "https://ror.org/02ab2j218", "country_code": "CA", "type": "facility", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "https://openalex.org/I4405280014"]}], "countries": ["CA"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Lisa D Hawke", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada", "University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1108-9453", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I1338135719", "https://openalex.org/I4405280014"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"Objective:": [0], "This": [1], "qualitative": [2], "study": [3, 135], "aims": [4], "to": [5, 38, 169], "examine": [6], "the": [7, 43, 81, 90, 95, 114, 162], "key": [8, 85, 137], "features": [9, 108, 139], "and": [10, 46, 68, 100, 109, 124, 129, 145, 158, 173], "design": [11, 102, 138], "elements": [12], "of": [13, 97, 164], "a": [14, 59, 98, 127], "mental": [15, 29, 150], "health": [16, 30, 151], "digital": [17], "conversational": [18], "agent": [19], "(\"Digital": [20], "Conversational": [21], "Agent\"": [22], "or": [23], "\"DCA\")": [24], "for": [25, 103, 116, 149], "youth": [26, 34, 143, 155], "with": [27, 154], "multiple": [28], "conditions.": [31], "Methods:": [32], "Twenty-eight": [33], "participants": [35], "aged": [36], "14": [37], "25": [39], "were": [40, 52, 66, 70, 87], "recruited": [41], "from": [42, 89], "Toronto": [44], "Adolescent": [45], "Youth": [47, 76], "(TAY)": [48], "Cohort": [49], "study.": [50, 82], "Data": [51], "collected": [53], "through": [54], "focus": [55, 91], "groups": [56], "guided": [57], "by": [58], "semi-structured": [60], "interview": [61], "guide.": [62], "Focus": [63], "group": [64, 92], "discussions": [65], "audio-recorded,": [67], "transcripts": [69], "analyzed": [71], "using": [72], "codebook": [73], "thematic": [74], "analysis.": [75], "engagement": [77, 144, 156], "was": [78], "integrated": [79], "throughout": [80], "Results:": [83], "Four": [84], "themes": [86], "generated": [88], "data:": [93], "(1)": [94], "importance": [96], "customizable": [99], "flexible": [101], "personalization;": [104], "(2)": [105], "confidentiality,": [106], "privacy": [107], "risk": [110], "mitigation": [111], "features;": [112], "(3)": [113], "need": [115], "reliable,": [117], "informative": [118], "content": [119], "that": [120, 140], "is": [121], "user": [122], "tested": [123], "validated;": [125], "(4)": [126], "friendly": [128], "human-like": [130], "interaction": [131], "style.": [132], "Conclusions:": [133], "The": [134], "identified": [136], "may": [141], "enhance": [142], "trust": [146], "in": [147, 167], "DCAs": [148], "support.": [152], "Collaborating": [153], "specialist": [157], "industry": [159], "partners": [160], "underscored": [161], "value": [163], "co-designed": [165], "approach": [166], "preparing": [168], "develop": [170], "relevant,": [171], "feasible,": [172], "ethical": [174], "DCAs.": [175]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11519", "display_name": "Digital Mental Health Interventions", "score": 0.9976000189781189, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3202", "display_name": "Applied Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11519", "display_name": "Digital Mental Health Interventions", "score": 0.9976000189781189, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3202", "display_name": "Applied Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10709", "display_name": "Social Robot Interaction and HRI", "score": 0.0007999999797903001, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3207", "display_name": "Social Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11636", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education", "score": 0.00019999999494757503, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2718", "display_name": "Health Informatics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1177/20552076251330550", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076251330550", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210188408", "display_name": "Digital Health", "issn_l": "2055-2076", "issn": ["2055-2076"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": true, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "doaj", "jufo-1", "ki-jl-1", "norway-1"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320017", "host_organization_name": "SAGE Publishing", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["SAGE Publishing"], "type": "journal"}, "license": "cc-by-nc", "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc", "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "DIGITAL HEALTH", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 6, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4407445809", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-025-10448-3", "title": "Effect of adaptable and non-adaptable collaboration scripts through conversational agents on student\u2019s engagement in online collaborative learning", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-02-13", "type": "article", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5070373006", "display_name": "Yanyan Li", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5601-9519", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5601-9519"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I118574674", "display_name": "Jiangsu Normal University", "ror": "https://ror.org/051hvcm98", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I118574674"]}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/I25254941", "display_name": "Beijing Normal University", "ror": "https://ror.org/022k4wk35", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Xin Li", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center of ICT in Education, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China", "School of Educational Technology/Research Center for Knowledge Engineering, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center of ICT in Education, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I118574674"]}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Educational Technology/Research Center for Knowledge Engineering, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5009921572", "display_name": "Wanqing Hu", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7326-2460", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7326-2460"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I25254941", "display_name": "Beijing Normal University", "ror": "https://ror.org/022k4wk35", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Wanqing Hu", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Educational Technology/Research Center for Knowledge Engineering, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Educational Technology/Research Center for Knowledge Engineering, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5070373006", "display_name": "Yanyan Li", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5601-9519", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5601-9519"]}, "institutions": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/I25254941", "display_name": "Beijing Normal University", "ror": "https://ror.org/022k4wk35", "country_code": "CN", "type": "education", "lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}], "countries": ["CN"], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Yanyan Li", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["School of Educational Technology/Research Center for Knowledge Engineering, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5601-9519", "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "School of Educational Technology/Research Center for Knowledge Engineering, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China", "institution_ids": ["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": null, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10636", "display_name": "Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods", "score": 0.5952000021934509, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3204", "display_name": "Developmental and Educational Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T10636", "display_name": "Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods", "score": 0.5952000021934509, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3204", "display_name": "Developmental and Educational Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10162", "display_name": "Online and Blended Learning", "score": 0.3337000012397766, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3304", "display_name": "Education"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11902", "display_name": "Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning", "score": 0.04410000145435333, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.1007/s11423-025-10448-3", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-025-10448-3", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S114840262", "display_name": "Educational Technology Research and Development", "issn_l": "1042-1629", "issn": ["1042-1629", "1556-6501"], "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": true, "listed_in": ["cwts-core", "erih-plus", "jufo-2", "ki-jl-1", "norway-1"], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319900", "host_organization_name": "Springer Science+Business Media", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/P4310319900", "https://openalex.org/P4310319965"], "host_organization_lineage_names": ["Springer Science+Business Media", "Springer Nature"], "type": "journal"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "publishedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": true, "raw_source_name": "Educational technology research and development", "raw_type": "journal-article"}, "cited_by_count": 11, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W7127205433", "doi": null, "title": "Topic shift detection and triggering in natural dialogue systems: a lightweight approach", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-06-17", "type": "article", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5116307684", "display_name": "Rohith Perumandla", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8307-2206", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8307-2206"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Perumandla, Rohith", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"This": [0], "research": [1], "address": [2], "a": [3], "key": [4], "challenge": [5], "in": [6], "dialogue": [7], "system:": [8], "enabling": [9], "the": [10, 44, 55], "proactive,": [11], "human-like": [12], "shifting": [13], "using": [14, 17], "lightweight": [15], "approaching": [16], "MobileBERT": [18, 74], "(~25M)": [19], "model": [20, 59], "was": [21], "proposed": [22], "and": [23], "fine-tuned": [24], "for": [25, 33, 34], "topic": [26, 35, 70], "shift": [27], "detection,": [28], "augmented": [29], "with": [30, 75], "liguistic": [31], "featuers": [32], "trigger": [36, 71], "detection.": [37], "Despite": [38], "its": [39], "smaller": [40], "size": [41], "(~25M": [42], "parameters),": [43], "MobileBERT-based": [45], "system": [46], "achieved": [47], "competitive": [48], "results": [49], "(F1": [50, 82], "=": [51, 63, 83], "74.16%,)": [52], "compared": [53], "to": [54], "much": [56], "larger": [57], "XLNet": [58], "(~110M": [60], "parameters,": [61], "F1": [62], "79.95%),": [64], "while": [65], "offering": [66], "greater": [67], "efficiency.": [68], "The": [69], "module,": [72], "combining": [73], "linguistic": [76], "features,": [77], "further": [78], "demonstrated": [79], "effective": [80], "performance": [81], "71.61%).": [84]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9883000254631042, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.9883000254631042, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10028", "display_name": "Topic Modeling", "score": 0.009800000116229057, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T10181", "display_name": "Natural Language Processing Techniques", "score": 0.0005000000237487257, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "pmh:oai:via.library.depaul.edu:cdm_etd-1077", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://via.library.depaul.edu/cdm_etd/72", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4377196644", "display_name": "Digital Commons-DePaul  (DePaul University)", "issn_l": null, "issn": null, "is_oa": false, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I118353179", "host_organization_name": "DePaul University", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I118353179"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "submittedVersion", "is_accepted": false, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": "College of Computing and Digital Media Dissertations", "raw_type": "text"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4414275341", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.2196/preprints.73391", "title": "Bridging Technology and Pretest Genetic Services: Quantitative Study of Chatbot Interaction Patterns, User Characteristics, and Genetic Testing Decisions (Preprint)", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-03-04", "type": "preprint", "language": "en", "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5043872203", "display_name": "Yang Yi", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6178-0758", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6178-0758"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Yang Yi", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6178-0758", "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5107080614", "display_name": "Lauren Kaiser\u2010Jackson", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6623-7126", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6623-7126"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Lauren Kaiser-Jackson", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6623-7126", "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5088366141", "display_name": "Jemar R. Bather", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0285-3678", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0285-3678"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Jemar R Bather", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0285-3678", "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5076222283", "display_name": "Melody S. Goodman", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8932-624X", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8932-624X"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Melody S Goodman", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8932-624X", "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5029666490", "display_name": "Daniel Chavez\u2010Yenter", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7764-4443", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7764-4443"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Daniel Chavez-Yenter", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7764-4443", "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5033653900", "display_name": "Richard L. Bradshaw", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7363-0327", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7363-0327"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Richard L Bradshaw", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7363-0327", "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5031560294", "display_name": "Rachelle Lorenz Chambers", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2478-8835", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2478-8835"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Rachelle Lorenz Chambers", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2478-8835", "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5009502871", "display_name": "Whitney Espinel", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7159-9239", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7159-9239"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Whitney F Espinel", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7159-9239", "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5021633857", "display_name": "Rachel Hess", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2545-8504", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2545-8504"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Rachel Hess", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2545-8504", "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5007631989", "display_name": "David Mann", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2099-0852", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2099-0852"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Devin M Mann", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2099-0852", "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5089394246", "display_name": "Rachel Monahan", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1000-2790", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1000-2790"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Rachel Monahan", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1000-2790", "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5025581021", "display_name": "David W. Wetter", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4013-1932", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4013-1932"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "David W Wetter", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4013-1932", "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5088511431", "display_name": "Ophira Ginsburg", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1384-2675", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1384-2675"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Ophira Ginsburg", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1384-2675", "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5031611720", "display_name": "Meenakshi Sigireddi", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4448-0504", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4448-0504"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Meenakshi Sigireddi", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4448-0504", "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5004490595", "display_name": "Kensaku Kawamoto", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4282-9338", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4282-9338"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Kensaku Kawamoto", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4282-9338", "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5052456187", "display_name": "Guilherme Del Fiol", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9954-6799", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9954-6799"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Guilherme Del Fiol", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9954-6799", "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "middle", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5075169712", "display_name": "Saundra S. Buys", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4120-5697", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4120-5697"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Saundra S Buys", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4120-5697", "affiliations": []}, {"author_position": "last", "author": {"id": "https://openalex.org/A5025927927", "display_name": "Kimberly A. Kaphingst", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2668-9080", "observed_orcids": ["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2668-9080"]}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Kimberly A Kaphingst", "raw_affiliation_strings": [], "raw_orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2668-9080", "affiliations": []}], "abstract_inverted_index": {"BACKGROUND": [0], "Among": [1], "the": [2, 25, 31, 72, 92, 97, 135, 149, 152, 171, 196, 217, 232, 242, 269, 342, 356, 381, 396], "alternative": [3], "solutions": [4], "being": [5, 18], "tested": [6], "to": [7, 10, 45, 126, 143, 154, 157, 194, 237, 334, 367, 410], "improve": [8], "access": [9, 142], "genetic": [11, 37, 84, 107, 118, 187, 212, 239, 337, 369, 414], "services,": [12], "chatbots": [13, 49], "(or": [14], "conversational": [15], "agents)": [16], "are": [17], "increasingly": [19], "used": [20, 193], "for": [21, 115, 170, 262, 292, 336, 359], "service": [22, 38], "delivery.": [23], "Despite": [24], "growing": [26], "number": [27], "of": [28, 35, 95, 102, 231, 265, 398], "studies": [29], "on": [30, 121], "accessibility": [32], "and": [33, 77, 83, 100, 162, 183, 200, 203, 258, 288, 299, 348, 362, 404], "feasibility": [34], "chatbot": [36, 68, 80, 129, 137, 150, 204, 408], "delivery,": [39], "limited": [40], "attention": [41], "has": [42], "been": [43], "paid": [44], "user": [46], "interactions": [47], "with": [48, 62, 151, 228, 286, 352, 376, 400], "in": [50, 111, 345], "a": [51, 63, 105, 128, 222, 235, 364], "real-world": [52], "health": [53], "care": [54], "context.": [55], "OBJECTIVE": [56], "We": [57, 88, 166], "examined": [58], "users\u2019": [59, 75], "interaction": [60, 81, 173, 205, 377], "patterns": [61, 282], "pretest": [64], "cancer": [65, 117, 305], "genetics": [66], "education": [67], "as": [69, 71], "well": [70], "associations": [73], "between": [74, 198], "clinical": [76, 199, 287], "sociodemographic": [78, 201, 289], "characteristics,": [79], "patterns,": [82, 378], "testing": [85, 119, 213], "decisions.": [86, 214], "METHODS": [87], "analyzed": [89], "data": [90], "from": [91], "experimental": [93, 136], "arm": [94], "Broadening": [96], "Reach,": [98], "Impact,": [99], "Delivery": [101], "Genetic": [103], "Services,": [104], "multisite": [106], "services": [108], "pragmatic": [109], "trial": [110], "which": [112], "participants": [113, 139, 219, 354], "eligible": [114], "hereditary": [116], "based": [120], "family": [122, 304], "history": [123, 306], "were": [124, 140, 192, 283, 331, 373], "randomized": [125], "receive": [127], "intervention": [130], "or": [131, 320], "standard": [132], "care.": [133], "In": [134], "arm,": [138], "offered": [141], "core": [144], "educational": [145], "content": [146], "delivered": [147], "by": [148, 296, 303], "option": [153], "select": [155], "up": [156], "9": [158], "supplementary": [159], "informational": [160, 251, 279], "prompts": [161, 312], "ask": [163], "open-ended": [164, 177, 256, 322], "questions.": [165], "computed": [167], "descriptive": [168], "statistics": [169], "following": [172], "patterns:": [174], "prompt": [175, 293], "selections,": [176], "questions,": [178, 257], "completion": [179, 300], "status,": [180], "dropout": [181], "points,": [182], "postchat": [184], "decisions": [185], "regarding": [186], "testing.": [188, 240, 338, 370], "Logistic": [189], "regression": [190], "models": [191], "examine": [195], "relationships": [197], "factors": [202, 210, 290, 372], "variables,": [206], "examining": [207], "how": [208], "these": [209], "affected": [211], "RESULTS": [215], "Of": [216, 241, 268], "468": [218], "who": [220, 309], "initiated": [221], "chat,": [223, 357], "391": [224, 243], "(83.5%)": [225], "completed": [226], "it,": [227], "315": [229], "(80.6%)": [230], "completers": [233], "expressing": [234], "willingness": [236, 366], "pursue": [238, 368], "completers,": [244], "336": [245], "(85.9%)": [246], "selected": [247, 310], "at": [248], "least": [249], "one": [250], "prompt,": [252], "41": [253], "(10.5%)": [254], "asked": [255, 321], "3": [259], "(0.8%)": [260], "opted": [261], "extra": [263], "examples": [264], "risk": [266], "information.": [267], "77": [270], "noncompleters,": [271], "57": [272], "(74%)": [273], "dropped": [274], "out": [275], "before": [276], "accessing": [277], "any": [278], "content.": [280], "Interaction": [281], "not": [284, 374], "associated": [285, 375], "except": [291], "selection": [294], "(varied": [295, 302], "study": [297], "site)": [298], "status": [301], "type).": [307], "Participants": [308], "\u22653": [311], "(odds": [313, 324], "ratio": [314, 325], "0.33,": [315], "95%": [316, 327], "CI": [317, 328], "0.12-0.91;": [318], "P=.03)": [319], "questions": [323], "0.46,": [326], "0.22-0.96;": [329], "P=.04)": [330], "less": [332], "likely": [333], "opt": [335], "CONCLUSIONS": [339], "Findings": [340], "highlight": [341], "chatbot\u2019s": [343, 382], "effectiveness": [344], "engaging": [346], "users": [347, 399], "its": [349], "high": [350, 365, 401], "acceptability,": [351], "most": [353], "completing": [355], "opting": [358], "additional": [360], "information,": [361], "showing": [363], "Sociodemographic": [371], "potentially": [379], "indicating": [380], "scalability": [383], "across": [384], "diverse": [385], "populations": [386], "provided": [387], "they": [388], "have": [389], "internet": [390], "access.": [391], "Future": [392], "efforts": [393], "should": [394], "address": [395], "concerns": [397], "information": [402], "needs": [403], "integrate": [405], "them": [406], "into": [407], "design": [409], "better": [411], "support": [412], "informed": [413], "decision-making.": [415]}, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11636", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education", "score": 0.4758000075817108, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2718", "display_name": "Health Informatics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T11636", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education", "score": 0.4758000075817108, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2718", "display_name": "Health Informatics"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27", "display_name": "Medicine"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11446", "display_name": "Mobile Health and mHealth Applications", "score": 0.1354999989271164, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3600", "display_name": "General Health Professions"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/36", "display_name": "Health Professions"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4", "display_name": "Health Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11519", "display_name": "Digital Mental Health Interventions", "score": 0.11760000139474869, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3202", "display_name": "Applied Psychology"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/32", "display_name": "Psychology"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2", "display_name": "Social Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.2196/preprints.73391", "is_oa": false, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.2196/preprints.73391", "pdf_url": null, "source": null, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "acceptedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "posted-content"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/W4415881234", "doi": "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5691722", "title": "A Lesson with Your Artificial Language Tutor: Analyzing Conversational AI in Duolingo, Speakology, and ChatGPT", "publication_year": 2025, "publication_date": "2025-01-01", "type": "preprint", "language": null, "authorships": [{"author_position": "first", "author": {"id": null, "display_name": "Joseph Harrison", "orcid": null, "observed_orcids": []}, "institutions": [], "countries": [], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Joseph Harrison", "raw_affiliation_strings": ["Trinity School in New York City", "Trinity School in New York City, United States"], "raw_orcid": null, "affiliations": [{"raw_affiliation_string": "Trinity School in New York City", "institution_ids": []}, {"raw_affiliation_string": "Trinity School in New York City, United States", "institution_ids": []}]}], "abstract_inverted_index": null, "primary_topic": {"id": "https://openalex.org/T14414", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Education", "score": 0.2628999948501587, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, "topics": [{"id": "https://openalex.org/T14414", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence in Education", "score": 0.2628999948501587, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1710", "display_name": "Information Systems"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T11902", "display_name": "Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning", "score": 0.1932000070810318, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}, {"id": "https://openalex.org/T12031", "display_name": "Speech and dialogue systems", "score": 0.18520000576972961, "subfield": {"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1702", "display_name": "Artificial Intelligence"}, "field": {"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/17", "display_name": "Computer Science"}, "domain": {"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences"}}], "primary_location": {"id": "doi:10.2139/ssrn.5691722", "is_oa": true, "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5691722", "pdf_url": null, "source": {"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210172589", "display_name": "SSRN Electronic Journal", "issn_l": "1556-5068", "issn": ["1556-5068"], "is_oa": true, "is_in_doaj": false, "is_core": false, "listed_in": [], "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1318003438", "host_organization_name": "RELX Group (Netherlands)", "host_organization_lineage": ["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"], "host_organization_lineage_names": [], "type": "repository"}, "license": null, "license_id": null, "version": "acceptedVersion", "is_accepted": true, "is_published": false, "raw_source_name": null, "raw_type": "posted-content"}, "cited_by_count": 0, "is_retracted": false}], "group_by": []}