{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387835442","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3586183.3606763","title":"Generative Agents: Interactive Simulacra of Human Behavior","display_name":"Generative Agents: Interactive Simulacra of Human Behavior","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387835442","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3586183.3606763"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3586183.3606763","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3586183.3606763","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3586183.3606763","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 36th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3586183.3606763","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053096615","display_name":"Joon Sung Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5036-4409","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5036-4409"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joon Sung Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Stanford University, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5036-4409","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Stanford University, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101464503","display_name":"Joseph O\u2019Brien","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0781-926X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0781-926X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph O'Brien","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Stanford University, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0781-926X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Stanford University, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065663195","display_name":"Carrie Jun Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9421-7128","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9421-7128"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carrie Jun Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9421-7128","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062285844","display_name":"Meredith Ringel Morris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1436-9223","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1436-9223"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meredith Ringel Morris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Research, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1436-9223","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Research, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025255782","display_name":"Percy Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0458-6139","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0458-6139"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Percy Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Stanford University, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0458-6139","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Stanford University, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076189854","display_name":"Michael S. Bernstein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8020-9434","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8020-9434"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael S. Bernstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Stanford University, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8020-9434","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Stanford University, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":374.6099,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1875,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":1.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"22"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.7204207181930542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6495731472969055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4358443021774292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4219900071620941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-model","display_name":"Generative model","score":0.411064475774765}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.7204207181930542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6495731472969055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4358443021774292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4219900071620941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.411064475774765}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3586183.3606763","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3586183.3606763","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3586183.3606763","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 36th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3586183.3606763","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3586183.3606763","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3586183.3606763","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 36th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"x_sdgs":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308943","display_name":"Microsoft Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332237","display_name":"Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337515","display_name":"Center for Advanced Study, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387835442.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387835442.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":70,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W419646410","https://openalex.org/W1487719657","https://openalex.org/W1497503445","https://openalex.org/W1501005121","https://openalex.org/W1515781139","https://openalex.org/W1518553298","https://openalex.org/W1554960070","https://openalex.org/W1561555069","https://openalex.org/W1578892932","https://openalex.org/W1647826363","https://openalex.org/W1905489673","https://openalex.org/W1993584577","https://openalex.org/W1999808895","https://openalex.org/W2003238113","https://openalex.org/W2041224215","https://openalex.org/W2041282815","https://openalex.org/W2057575230","https://openalex.org/W2059216172","https://openalex.org/W2080966367","https://openalex.org/W2081428746","https://openalex.org/W2082453115","https://openalex.org/W2091786736","https://openalex.org/W2098535914","https://openalex.org/W2100404728","https://openalex.org/W2102104205","https://openalex.org/W2106969952","https://openalex.org/W2117373981","https://openalex.org/W2121044470","https://openalex.org/W2124332348","https://openalex.org/W2128026023","https://openalex.org/W2141311545","https://openalex.org/W2148334620","https://openalex.org/W2150104072","https://openalex.org/W2150548532","https://openalex.org/W2161968588","https://openalex.org/W2167213883","https://openalex.org/W2199075754","https://openalex.org/W2281258985","https://openalex.org/W2406104486","https://openalex.org/W2534089056","https://openalex.org/W2737560561","https://openalex.org/W2753176368","https://openalex.org/W2779578326","https://openalex.org/W2916904544","https://openalex.org/W2936576816","https://openalex.org/W2982316857","https://openalex.org/W2998557583","https://openalex.org/W3032875465","https://openalex.org/W3088082662","https://openalex.org/W3099938878","https://openalex.org/W3203321135","https://openalex.org/W4213145388","https://openalex.org/W4221159404","https://openalex.org/W4225080353","https://openalex.org/W4225165463","https://openalex.org/W4230429854","https://openalex.org/W4236521339","https://openalex.org/W4249540773","https://openalex.org/W4285129823","https://openalex.org/W4296343374","https://openalex.org/W4301733990","https://openalex.org/W4301914006","https://openalex.org/W4307475428","https://openalex.org/W4307475457","https://openalex.org/W4318919287","https://openalex.org/W4363624465","https://openalex.org/W4366549000","https://openalex.org/W4385574333","https://openalex.org/W6634622505","https://openalex.org/W6684406058"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4365211920","https://openalex.org/W3014948380","https://openalex.org/W4380551139","https://openalex.org/W4317695495","https://openalex.org/W4395044357","https://openalex.org/W4287117424","https://openalex.org/W4387506531","https://openalex.org/W2087346071","https://openalex.org/W2967848559","https://openalex.org/W4299831724"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Believable":[0],"proxies":[1],"of":[2,93,138,221,233,256],"human":[3,35,257],"behavior":[4],"can":[5,132],"empower":[6],"interactive":[7,122,243],"applications":[8],"ranging":[9],"from":[10],"immersive":[11],"environments":[12],"to":[13,19,45,88,112,119,170,181,198,203,230],"rehearsal":[14],"spaces":[15],"for":[16,206,252],"interpersonal":[17],"communication":[18],"prototyping":[20],"tools.":[21],"In":[22,144],"this":[23,245],"paper,":[24],"we":[25,78],"introduce":[26],"generative":[27,76,117,148],"agents:":[28],"computational":[29,242],"software":[30],"agents":[31,38,118,140,149,177],"that":[32,82,166,218],"simulate":[33],"believable":[34,151,254],"behavior.":[36,114,235,258],"Generative":[37],"wake":[39],"up,":[40],"cook":[41],"breakfast,":[42],"and":[43,58,63,108,153,201,226,249],"head":[44],"work;":[46],"artists":[47],"paint,":[48],"while":[49],"authors":[50],"write;":[51],"they":[52,61,69],"form":[53],"opinions,":[54],"notice":[55],"each":[56,193],"other,":[57],"initiate":[59],"conversations;":[60],"remember":[62],"reflect":[64],"on":[65,196],"days":[66],"past":[67],"as":[68],"plan":[70,113],"the":[71,94,176,182,185,199,207,211,219,231],"next":[72,186],"day.":[73],"To":[74],"enable":[75],"agents,":[77,244],"describe":[79],"an":[80,121,145],"architecture":[81],"extends":[83],"a":[84,90,135,162,172],"large":[85,238],"language":[86,239],"model":[87],"store":[89],"complete":[91],"record":[92],"agent\u2019s":[95],"experiences":[96],"using":[97,141],"natural":[98,142],"language,":[99],"synthesize":[100],"those":[101],"memories":[102],"over":[103,184],"time":[104],"into":[105],"higher-level":[106],"reflections,":[107],"retrieve":[109],"them":[110],"dynamically":[111],"We":[115,214],"instantiate":[116],"populate":[120],"sandbox":[123],"environment":[124],"inspired":[125],"by":[126],"The":[127],"Sims,":[128],"where":[129],"end":[130],"users":[131],"interact":[133],"with":[134,160,241],"small":[136],"town":[137],"twenty-five":[139],"language.":[143],"evaluation,":[146],"these":[147],"produce":[150],"individual":[152],"emergent":[154],"social":[155],"behaviors.":[156],"For":[157],"example,":[158],"starting":[159],"only":[161],"single":[163],"user-specified":[164],"notion":[165],"one":[167],"agent":[168,223,234],"wants":[169],"throw":[171],"Valentine\u2019s":[173],"Day":[174],"party,":[175,200],"autonomously":[178],"spread":[179],"invitations":[180],"party":[183,208],"two":[187],"days,":[188],"make":[189],"new":[190],"acquaintances,":[191],"ask":[192],"other":[194],"out":[195],"dates":[197],"coordinate":[202],"show":[204],"up":[205],"together":[209],"at":[210],"right":[212],"time.":[213],"demonstrate":[215],"through":[216],"ablation":[217],"components":[220],"our":[222],"architecture\u2014observation,":[224],"planning,":[225],"reflection\u2014each":[227],"contribute":[228],"critically":[229],"believability":[232],"By":[236],"fusing":[237],"models":[240],"work":[246],"introduces":[247],"architectural":[248],"interaction":[250],"patterns":[251],"enabling":[253],"simulations":[255]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":764},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":681},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":332},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":98}],"updated_date":"2026-09-27T08:07:27.782135","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
