{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400680624","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400042","title":"Smelting Reduction of HIsarna Slag with Methane","display_name":"Smelting Reduction of HIsarna Slag with Methane","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400680624","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400042"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/srin.202400042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400042","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400042","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/srin.202400042","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34395325","display_name":"steel research international","issn_l":"1611-3683","issn":["1611-3683","1869-344X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"steel research international","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/srin.202400042","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040025014","display_name":"Theint Theint Htet","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Theint Theint Htet","raw_affiliation_strings":["WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026570771","display_name":"Zhiming Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6061-4077","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6061-4077"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhiming Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6061-4077","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047020385","display_name":"Johannes L. T. Hage","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27485261","display_name":"Tata Steel (Netherlands)","ror":"https://ror.org/00925cq50","country_code":"NL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27485261","https://openalex.org/I4210086519","https://openalex.org/I87816474"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johannes Hage","raw_affiliation_strings":["IJmuiden Technology Centre, Tata Steel Europe, PO Box 10000, 1970 CA, IJmuiden, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IJmuiden Technology Centre, Tata Steel Europe, PO Box 10000, 1970 CA, IJmuiden, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27485261"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071375319","display_name":"Koen Meijer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27485261","display_name":"Tata Steel (Netherlands)","ror":"https://ror.org/00925cq50","country_code":"NL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27485261","https://openalex.org/I4210086519","https://openalex.org/I87816474"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Koen Meijer","raw_affiliation_strings":["IJmuiden Technology Centre, Tata Steel Europe, PO Box 10000, 1970 CA, IJmuiden, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IJmuiden Technology Centre, Tata Steel Europe, PO Box 10000, 1970 CA, IJmuiden, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27485261"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047335664","display_name":"Zushu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9091-9827","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9091-9827"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zushu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9091-9827","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026570771","https://openalex.org/A5047335664"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"],"apc_list":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"apc_paid":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"fwci":0.2377,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.38406519,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"95","issue":"9","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11837","display_name":"Iron and Steelmaking Processes","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2506","display_name":"Metals and Alloys"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11837","display_name":"Iron and Steelmaking Processes","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2506","display_name":"Metals and Alloys"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11126","display_name":"Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics","score":0.003599999938160181,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2506","display_name":"Metals and Alloys"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11802","display_name":"Chemical Looping and Thermochemical Processes","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slag-reduction","display_name":"slag reduction","score":0.45500001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methane-mitigation","display_name":"methane mitigation","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feo","display_name":"FeO","score":0.47999998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-black","display_name":"carbon black","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isothermal-reduction","display_name":"isothermal reduction","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gas-flow-rate","display_name":"gas flow rate","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mass-transfer-limitations","display_name":"mass transfer limitations","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/activation-energy","display_name":"activation energy","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrogen-reduction","display_name":"hydrogen reduction","score":0.39800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steel-slag","display_name":"steel slag","score":0.4000000059604645}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157247726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2748405","display_name":"Smelting","level":2,"score":0.787800669670105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159048435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105783","display_name":"Slag (welding)","level":2,"score":0.7360479831695557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C516920438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37129","display_name":"Methane","level":2,"score":0.6902080178260803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5352668762207031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.5326679944992065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4672873616218567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.4541432857513428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4509234130382538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2126636505126953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.08724755048751831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.04033327102661133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/srin.202400042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400042","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400042","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/srin.202400042","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34395325","display_name":"steel research international","issn_l":"1611-3683","issn":["1611-3683","1869-344X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"steel research international","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:wrap.warwick.ac.uk:187450","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/187450/1/Smelting%20reduction%20of%20HIsarna%20slag%20with%20methane%20%28accepted%20version%29.pdf","pdf_url":"https://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/187450/2/steel-research-international-2024-Htet-Smelting-Reduction-HIsarna-Slag-Methane-2024.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400665","display_name":"Warwick Research Archive Portal (University of Warwick)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","host_organization_name":"University of Warwick","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/srin.202400042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400042","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400042","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/srin.202400042","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34395325","display_name":"steel research international","issn_l":"1611-3683","issn":["1611-3683","1869-344X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"steel research international","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.75},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":0.5351999998092651}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2724545589","display_name":"Uncovering Fundamental Mechanisms to Enable Sustainable Steel Manufacturing","funder_award_id":"EP/N011368/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324240","display_name":"Tata Steel","ror":"https://ror.org/001wtjx27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4400680624.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4400680624.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980353331","https://openalex.org/W1990344900","https://openalex.org/W2024129038","https://openalex.org/W2028316962","https://openalex.org/W2030200804","https://openalex.org/W2031833764","https://openalex.org/W2032833682","https://openalex.org/W2057583957","https://openalex.org/W2071150376","https://openalex.org/W2094220334","https://openalex.org/W2151789245","https://openalex.org/W2169698865","https://openalex.org/W2186412737","https://openalex.org/W2407884329","https://openalex.org/W2566971873","https://openalex.org/W2653996411","https://openalex.org/W2916302197","https://openalex.org/W2924669842","https://openalex.org/W3003497860","https://openalex.org/W3018084862","https://openalex.org/W4210718241","https://openalex.org/W4223587192","https://openalex.org/W4242348761","https://openalex.org/W4281384169","https://openalex.org/W4292534208","https://openalex.org/W4300485755","https://openalex.org/W4309884202","https://openalex.org/W4367626004"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4309884202","https://openalex.org/W4367626004","https://openalex.org/W4292534208","https://openalex.org/W3151091409","https://openalex.org/W4404067453","https://openalex.org/W4391922198","https://openalex.org/W2045204266","https://openalex.org/W2064040901","https://openalex.org/W2915918923","https://openalex.org/W2509879813"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"study":[1],"the":[2,9,12,27,42,48,55,65,71,75,86,102,107,118,130,146,151,155,166,171,184],"smelting":[3],"reduction":[4,14,50,76,96,143,186],"behavior":[5],"of":[6,16,22,29,41,57,170],"methane":[7,185],"in":[8,54,74,165],"HIsarna":[10,17],"process,":[11],"isothermal":[13],"experiments":[15],"slag":[18],"with":[19,115,154],"6":[20],"wt%":[21],"FeO":[23,126],"were":[24],"conducted":[25],"at":[26,111,160,175],"temperatures":[28],"1450,":[30],"1475,":[31],"and":[32,164],"1550":[33],"\u00b0C,":[34],"using":[35],"5":[36],"vol%":[37],"CH4\u2010Ar.":[38],"The":[39,61,95,142,179],"effect":[40],"gas":[43,82,108,156,172],"injection":[44],"flow":[45,83,109,157,173],"rate":[46,51,84,110,158,174],"on":[47],"overall":[49],"was":[52],"investigated":[53],"range":[56],"0.5\u20131.5":[58],"L":[59,113,162,177],"min\u22121.":[60,178],"results":[62],"confirm":[63],"that":[64],"decomposed":[66],"carbon":[67,137],"black":[68],"acts":[69],"as":[70,139],"dominant":[72],"reductant":[73],"process":[77,97,144],"compared":[78],"to":[79],"hydrogen.":[80],"Increased":[81],"increases":[85],"reaction":[87,168],"rate,":[88],"while":[89],"temperature":[90],"shows":[91],"no":[92],"significant":[93],"effect.":[94],"could":[98],"be":[99],"described":[100],"by":[101,105,150],"JMAEK":[103],"model:":[104],"fixing":[106],"1.0":[112],"min\u22121":[114,163],"different":[116],"temperatures,":[117],"exponent":[119],"n":[120],"value":[121],"is":[122,129,187],"around":[123],"1.5,":[124],"indicating":[125],"mass":[127],"transfer":[128],"limiting":[131],"step":[132],"since":[133],"there":[134],"are":[135],"sufficient":[136],"blacks":[138],"nucleation":[140],"sites.":[141],"follows":[145],"first\u2010order":[147],"model":[148],"controlled":[149],"reactant":[152],"concentration":[153],"being":[159],"0.5":[161],"second":[167],"stage":[169],"1.5":[176],"determined":[180],"activation":[181],"energy":[182],"for":[183],"59.8":[188],"kJ":[189],"mol\u22121.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2024-07-17T00:00:00"}
