{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412008913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.3003","title":"Improving Gaussian Naive Bayes classification on imbalanced data through coordinate-based minority feature mining","display_name":"Improving Gaussian Naive Bayes classification on imbalanced data through coordinate-based minority feature mining","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412008913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.3003","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40989382"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7717/peerj-cs.3003","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.3003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210178049","display_name":"PeerJ Computer Science","issn_l":"2376-5992","issn":["2376-5992"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320104","host_organization_name":"PeerJ, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320104"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["PeerJ, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PeerJ Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.3003","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100392089","display_name":"Wei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8180-2886"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129996945","display_name":"Guilin University of Aerospace Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00h1gc758","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129996945"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38706770","display_name":"Guilin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03z391397","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38706770"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5343935","display_name":"Guilin University of Electronic Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05arjae42","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5343935"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business, Guilin Tourism University, Guilin, Guangxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business, Guilin Tourism University, Guilin, Guangxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129996945","https://openalex.org/I38706770","https://openalex.org/I5343935"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100380402","display_name":"Yan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9481-8086"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129996945","display_name":"Guilin University of Aerospace Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00h1gc758","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129996945"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38706770","display_name":"Guilin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03z391397","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38706770"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5343935","display_name":"Guilin University of Electronic Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05arjae42","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5343935"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business, Guilin Tourism University, Guilin, Guangxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business, Guilin Tourism University, Guilin, Guangxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129996945","https://openalex.org/I38706770","https://openalex.org/I5343935"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100724430","display_name":"Fen Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7961-6224"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129996945","display_name":"Guilin University of Aerospace Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00h1gc758","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129996945"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38706770","display_name":"Guilin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03z391397","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38706770"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5343935","display_name":"Guilin University of Electronic Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05arjae42","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5343935"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fen Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business, Guilin Tourism University, Guilin, Guangxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business, Guilin Tourism University, Guilin, Guangxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129996945","https://openalex.org/I38706770","https://openalex.org/I5343935"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100663088","display_name":"Yanxi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0403-8511"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129996945","display_name":"Guilin University of Aerospace Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00h1gc758","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129996945"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38706770","display_name":"Guilin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03z391397","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38706770"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5343935","display_name":"Guilin University of Electronic Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05arjae42","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5343935"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanxi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business, Guilin Tourism University, Guilin, Guangxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business, Guilin Tourism University, Guilin, Guangxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129996945","https://openalex.org/I38706770","https://openalex.org/I5343935"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1395,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1395},"apc_paid":{"value":1395,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1395},"fwci":3.4652,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92580874,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"e3003","last_page":"e3003"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.9864000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9840999841690063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naive-bayes-classifier","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","score":0.8815927505493164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.578934371471405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayes-theorem","display_name":"Bayes' theorem","score":0.5749623775482178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5369285345077515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5201507210731506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.5144491195678711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4748570919036865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.41710060834884644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3697730302810669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3456285893917084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.2692771852016449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.2547365128993988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08108356595039368}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52001869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812530","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","level":3,"score":0.8815927505493164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.578934371471405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207201462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182505","display_name":"Bayes' theorem","level":3,"score":0.5749623775482178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5369285345077515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5201507210731506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.5144491195678711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4748570919036865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.41710060834884644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3697730302810669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3456285893917084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.2692771852016449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.2547365128993988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08108356595039368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7717/peerj-cs.3003","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.3003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210178049","display_name":"PeerJ Computer Science","issn_l":"2376-5992","issn":["2376-5992"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320104","host_organization_name":"PeerJ, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320104"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["PeerJ, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PeerJ Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40989382","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40989382","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PeerJ. Computer science","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11262882","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12453872","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a89768a6139349cbb785e5b70525cb49","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a89768a6139349cbb785e5b70525cb49","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PeerJ Computer Science, Vol 11, p e3003 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12453872","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12453872/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PeerJ Comput Sci","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7717/peerj-cs.3003","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.3003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210178049","display_name":"PeerJ Computer Science","issn_l":"2376-5992","issn":["2376-5992"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320104","host_organization_name":"PeerJ, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320104"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["PeerJ, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PeerJ Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F6065515457","display_name":"Guilin Tourism University","ror":"https://ror.org/013a79z51"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1809873675","https://openalex.org/W1985871111","https://openalex.org/W1993220166","https://openalex.org/W2012971775","https://openalex.org/W2067752346","https://openalex.org/W2087240369","https://openalex.org/W2104933073","https://openalex.org/W2126996952","https://openalex.org/W2132791018","https://openalex.org/W2148143831","https://openalex.org/W2185967890","https://openalex.org/W2187089797","https://openalex.org/W2313865563","https://openalex.org/W2476492714","https://openalex.org/W2528543042","https://openalex.org/W2751361484","https://openalex.org/W2949661619","https://openalex.org/W2965303396","https://openalex.org/W2999987832","https://openalex.org/W3030918493","https://openalex.org/W3210203749","https://openalex.org/W4210851094","https://openalex.org/W4293713156","https://openalex.org/W4313132997","https://openalex.org/W4386284679","https://openalex.org/W4400116142","https://openalex.org/W6888864499","https://openalex.org/W6888984865","https://openalex.org/W6907421077","https://openalex.org/W6907647838","https://openalex.org/W6907650229","https://openalex.org/W6926350982","https://openalex.org/W6944880721","https://openalex.org/W6945116179","https://openalex.org/W6945154658"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2394466068","https://openalex.org/W1987683558","https://openalex.org/W2726838704","https://openalex.org/W4220802396","https://openalex.org/W2393473353","https://openalex.org/W1989494794","https://openalex.org/W2122031327","https://openalex.org/W1184238669","https://openalex.org/W2417174640","https://openalex.org/W3032901101"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"a":[1,13,59,258],"widely":[2],"used":[3],"classification":[4,94,166,230,269],"model,":[5],"the":[6,33,38,81,90,109,126,151,156,160,173,176,186,217,225,235,239,251,263],"Gaussian":[7],"Naive":[8],"Bayes":[9],"(GNB)":[10],"classifier":[11,153,188],"experiences":[12],"significant":[14,272],"decline":[15],"in":[16,142,224,267],"performance":[17,95,167,227],"when":[18],"handling":[19],"imbalanced":[20,127,169,191,264],"data.":[21],"Most":[22],"traditional":[23],"approaches":[24],"rely":[25],"on":[26,64,147,168,189],"sampling":[27,211],"techniques;":[28],"however,":[29],"these":[30,143,148],"methods":[31],"alter":[32],"quantity":[34,84],"and":[35,41,50,85,132,197,208,248,270,274],"distribution":[36],"of":[37,74,88,159,175,193,238,245],"original":[39,82],"data":[40,265],"are":[42],"prone":[43],"to":[44,114,125,234,261],"issues":[45],"such":[46],"as":[47],"class":[48,133,136],"overlap":[49],"overfitting,":[51],"thus":[52],"presenting":[53],"clear":[54],"limitations.":[55],"This":[56,255],"article":[57],"proposes":[58],"coordinate":[60,219],"transformation":[61,220],"algorithm":[62,76,107,221,256],"based":[63],"radial":[65],"local":[66,119],"relative":[67,120],"density":[68,121],"changes":[69],"(RLDC).":[70],"A":[71],"key":[72],"feature":[73,130],"this":[75,179],"is":[77],"that":[78,100,216],"it":[79,92,242],"preserves":[80],"dataset's":[83],"distribution.":[86],"Instead":[87],"modifying":[89],"data,":[91],"enhances":[93],"by":[96],"generating":[97],"new":[98,149],"features":[99],"more":[101],"prominently":[102],"represent":[103],"minority":[104,135,161],"classes.":[105],"The":[106,199],"transforms":[108],"dataset":[110],"from":[111],"absolute":[112],"coordinates":[113],"RLDC-relative":[115],"coordinates,":[116],"revealing":[117],"latent":[118],"change":[122],"features.":[123,145],"Due":[124],"distribution,":[128],"sparse":[129],"space,":[131],"overlap,":[134],"samples":[137],"can":[138,154],"exhibit":[139],"distinct":[140],"patterns":[141],"transformed":[144],"Based":[146],"features,":[150],"GNB":[152,187,268],"increase":[155],"conditional":[157],"probability":[158],"class,":[162],"thereby":[163],"improving":[164],"its":[165],"datasets.":[170],"To":[171],"validate":[172],"effectiveness":[174],"proposed":[177],"algorithm,":[178],"study":[180],"conducts":[181],"comprehensive":[182],"comparative":[183],"experiments":[184],"using":[185],"20":[190],"datasets":[192],"varying":[194],"scales,":[195],"dimensions,":[196],"characteristics.":[198],"evaluation":[200,231],"includes":[201],"10":[202],"oversampling":[203],"algorithms,":[204,207,241],"two":[205,209],"undersampling":[206],"hybrid":[210],"algorithms.":[212],"Experimental":[213],"results":[214],"show":[215],"RLDC-based":[218],"ranks":[222],"first":[223],"average":[226,236],"across":[228,250],"three":[229,252],"metrics.":[232],"Compared":[233],"values":[237],"comparison":[240],"achieves":[243],"improvements":[244],"21.84%,":[246],"33.45%,":[247],"54.63%":[249],"metrics,":[253],"respectively.":[254],"offers":[257],"novel":[259],"approach":[260],"addressing":[262],"problem":[266],"holds":[271],"theoretical":[273],"practical":[275],"value.":[276]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-11T07:18:39.950985","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}