{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7171375375","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.4050","title":"A local-update tree-based routing algorithm for WSNs","display_name":"A local-update tree-based routing algorithm for WSNs","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7171375375","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.4050"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7717/peerj-cs.4050","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.4050","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210178049","display_name":"PeerJ Computer Science","issn_l":"2376-5992","issn":["2376-5992"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320104","host_organization_name":"PeerJ, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320104"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["PeerJ, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PeerJ Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.4050","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100753996","display_name":"Ni Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2175-9070"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24201400","display_name":"Chengdu University of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yxwrh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24201400"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125143","display_name":"Chengdu University","ror":"https://ror.org/034z67559","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125143"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4800084","display_name":"Southwest Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hn7w693","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ni Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Chengdu Technological University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China","School of Information Science & Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Chengdu Technological University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24201400","https://openalex.org/I4210125143"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science & Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100753996"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24201400","https://openalex.org/I4210125143","https://openalex.org/I4800084"],"apc_list":{"value":1395,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1395},"apc_paid":{"value":1395,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1395},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90564717,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"e4050","last_page":"e4050"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9645000100135803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9645000100135803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.00419999985024333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13345","display_name":"Advanced Technologies and Applied Computing","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.6001999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.5511000156402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geographic-routing","display_name":"Geographic routing","score":0.5482000112533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.5418999791145325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.5123000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-source-routing","display_name":"Dynamic Source Routing","score":0.49950000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.4830999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-routing","display_name":"Static routing","score":0.4790000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/link-state-routing-protocol","display_name":"Link-state routing protocol","score":0.4722999930381775}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6190000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.6001999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.5511000156402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50558702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5535067","display_name":"Geographic routing","level":5,"score":0.5482000112533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.5418999791145325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.5123000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9659607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1268903","display_name":"Dynamic Source Routing","level":4,"score":0.49950000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4830999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204948658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1119410","display_name":"Static routing","level":4,"score":0.4790000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89305328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1755411","display_name":"Link-state routing protocol","level":4,"score":0.4722999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4253999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.4235999882221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.41819998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4131999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76522221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5035396","display_name":"Multipath routing","level":5,"score":0.4065999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.38920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29436982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3700557","display_name":"Destination-Sequenced Distance Vector routing","level":5,"score":0.38769999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984173633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22725","display_name":"Routing algorithm","level":4,"score":0.3847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.3612000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115443555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5367790","display_name":"Equal-cost multi-path routing","level":5,"score":0.33090001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184896649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q290066","display_name":"Routing table","level":4,"score":0.31929999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47318570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8026863","display_name":"Wireless Routing Protocol","level":4,"score":0.3172999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776955676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7371623","display_name":"Hybrid routing","level":5,"score":0.3034000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.2964000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557945733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389772","display_name":"Data transmission","level":2,"score":0.29499998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177818476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12878103","display_name":"Hierarchical routing","level":5,"score":0.2703999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106516650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm design","level":2,"score":0.2522999942302704}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7717/peerj-cs.4050","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.4050","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210178049","display_name":"PeerJ Computer Science","issn_l":"2376-5992","issn":["2376-5992"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320104","host_organization_name":"PeerJ, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320104"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["PeerJ, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PeerJ Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:61c61de60d4a4abbb7583df817b80d60","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/61c61de60d4a4abbb7583df817b80d60","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PeerJ Computer Science, Vol 12, p e4050 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7717/peerj-cs.4050","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.4050","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210178049","display_name":"PeerJ Computer Science","issn_l":"2376-5992","issn":["2376-5992"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320104","host_organization_name":"PeerJ, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320104"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["PeerJ, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PeerJ Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9093832969665527,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2959592744","https://openalex.org/W2963071325","https://openalex.org/W2970473259","https://openalex.org/W4213318019","https://openalex.org/W4226182452","https://openalex.org/W4229073938","https://openalex.org/W4292417305","https://openalex.org/W4386351916","https://openalex.org/W4387587701","https://openalex.org/W4390770501","https://openalex.org/W4392455740","https://openalex.org/W4394773645","https://openalex.org/W4394977491","https://openalex.org/W4396684758","https://openalex.org/W4402024337","https://openalex.org/W4404307338","https://openalex.org/W4405983055","https://openalex.org/W4406857537","https://openalex.org/W4407364496","https://openalex.org/W4408319881","https://openalex.org/W4408391894","https://openalex.org/W4408509498","https://openalex.org/W4411725754","https://openalex.org/W4413815123"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"address":[1],"premature":[2],"node":[3],"failure":[4],"in":[5],"wireless":[6],"sensor":[7],"networks":[8],"(WSNs)":[9],"caused":[10],"by":[11],"limited":[12],"energy":[13,16,88,118],"and":[14,49,129],"uneven":[15],"consumption,":[17,89],"this":[18,35],"article":[19],"proposes":[20],"a":[21,75,115],"tree-based":[22,32],"routing":[23,33],"algorithm":[24,36,113],"with":[25,107],"local":[26,84],"update":[27],"capability.":[28],"Building":[29],"upon":[30],"traditional":[31],"architecture,":[34],"classifies":[37],"nodes":[38,97],"into":[39],"different":[40],"tiers":[41,54],"according":[42],"to":[43,59,61,86],"their":[44],"residual":[45],"energy,":[46],"geographical":[47],"location,":[48],"current":[50],"connectivity":[51],"status.":[52],"These":[53],"undergo":[55,83],"real-time":[56],"dynamic":[57],"updates":[58,85],"adapt":[60],"packet":[62],"transmission":[63],"demands.":[64],"Routing":[65],"paths":[66],"are":[67],"adaptively":[68],"adjusted":[69],"based":[70],"on":[71],"tier":[72,77],"variations:":[73],"when":[74],"node\u2019s":[76],"rapidly":[78],"decreases,":[79],"its":[80],"associated":[81],"routes":[82],"minimize":[87],"thereby":[90],"prolonging":[91],"the":[92,111,125,132],"life":[93],"time":[94],"of":[95],"lower-tier":[96],"as":[98,100],"effectively":[99],"possible.":[101],"Simulation":[102],"results":[103],"demonstrate":[104],"that":[105],"compared":[106],"three":[108],"other":[109],"algorithms,":[110],"proposed":[112],"achieves":[114],"more":[116],"balanced":[117],"consumption":[119],"distribution":[120],"among":[121],"nodes,":[122],"significantly":[123],"extends":[124],"network\u2019s":[126],"stability":[127],"period,":[128],"further":[130],"enhances":[131],"overall":[133],"network":[134],"lifetime.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2026-07-28T00:00:00"}
