{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7127044037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.3453","title":"Analysis of deep convolutional GAN-based data augmentation for early detection of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","display_name":"Analysis of deep convolutional GAN-based data augmentation for early detection of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7127044037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.3453"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7717/peerj-cs.3453","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.3453","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210178049","display_name":"PeerJ Computer Science","issn_l":"2376-5992","issn":["2376-5992"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320104","host_organization_name":"PeerJ, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320104"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["PeerJ, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PeerJ Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.3453","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053802758","display_name":"Jayashree Shetty","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jayashree Shetty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124729094","display_name":"Pranav Kumar K.","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pranav Kumar K.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124724839","display_name":"Manjula K. Shenoy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manjula K. Shenoy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059908108","display_name":"Sucheta V. Kolekar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2642-6088"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sucheta V. Kolekar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124694070","display_name":"M. Mukhyaprana Prabhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76414455","display_name":"Kasturba Medical College, Manipal","ror":"https://ror.org/05hg48t65","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460","https://openalex.org/I76414455"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Mukhyaprana Prabhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of General Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of General Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460","https://openalex.org/I76414455"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1395,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1395},"apc_paid":{"value":1395,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1395},"fwci":13.6315,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96225583,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"e3453","last_page":"e3453"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.8827999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.8827999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.020600000396370888,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.007699999958276749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7307999730110168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5576000213623047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5482000112533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-data","display_name":"Synthetic data","score":0.43290001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-adversarial-network","display_name":"Generative adversarial network","score":0.38350000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.328900009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-resonance-imaging","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","score":0.3109999895095825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7702000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7307999730110168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.705299973487854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5576000213623047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5482000112533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160920958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7662746","display_name":"Synthetic data","level":2,"score":0.43290001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988773926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25104379","display_name":"Generative adversarial network","level":3,"score":0.38350000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.328900009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.320499986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.3109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.2985000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.28459998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16910744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705759","display_name":"Test data","level":2,"score":0.27619999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.258899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.2563999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.25589999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93959086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888345","display_name":"Model selection","level":2,"score":0.25540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.2551000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2542000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.2529999911785126}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7717/peerj-cs.3453","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.3453","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210178049","display_name":"PeerJ Computer Science","issn_l":"2376-5992","issn":["2376-5992"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320104","host_organization_name":"PeerJ, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320104"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["PeerJ, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PeerJ Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:28d831cf93334a9780592a498ab38a5e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/28d831cf93334a9780592a498ab38a5e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PeerJ Computer Science, Vol 12, p e3453 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7717/peerj-cs.3453","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.3453","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210178049","display_name":"PeerJ Computer Science","issn_l":"2376-5992","issn":["2376-5992"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320104","host_organization_name":"PeerJ, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320104"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["PeerJ, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PeerJ Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3082051559","https://openalex.org/W3216802946","https://openalex.org/W4401942739","https://openalex.org/W4403680703","https://openalex.org/W4407373220","https://openalex.org/W4409350126"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Early":[0],"and":[1,13,28,82,105,115,148,176],"accurate":[2],"detection":[3],"of":[4,39,56,67,174,179,207,223,236],"Alzheimer\u2019s":[5],"disease":[6],"(AD),":[7],"particularly":[8],"at":[9],"the":[10,37,53,119,159,167,182,187,194,221,234],"very":[11],"mild":[12,14],"cognitive":[15],"impairment":[16],"stages,":[17],"remains":[18],"a":[19,88,108,124,171,177,204],"significant":[20],"clinical":[21],"challenge":[22],"due":[23],"to":[24,51,131,200,244],"subtle":[25],"anatomical":[26],"changes":[27],"overlapping":[29],"imaging":[30],"features":[31],"between":[32],"classes.":[33],"This":[34],"study":[35],"evaluates":[36],"effectiveness":[38],"synthetic":[40,133,150,191],"MRI":[41,134],"image":[42],"augmentation":[43,225,243],"using":[44],"Deep":[45],"Convolutional":[46,94],"Generative":[47],"Adversarial":[48],"Networks":[49],"(DCGANs)":[50],"improve":[52,116],"classification":[54],"performance":[55,199,248],"deep":[57],"learning":[58],"models":[59,137],"for":[60,118,181,226],"early-stage":[61],"AD":[62,229],"detection.":[63],"The":[64],"dataset":[65],"consists":[66],"Magnetic":[68],"Resonance":[69],"Imaging":[70],"(MRI)":[71],"scans":[72],"categorized":[73],"into":[74,158],"\u201cNo":[75],"Dementia,\u201d":[76,79,81],"\u201cVery":[77,120,183],"Mild":[78,121,184],"\u201cMild":[80],"\u201cModerate":[83],"Dementia\u201d":[84,122,185],"classes,":[85],"sourced":[86],"from":[87,152,193],"publicly":[89],"available":[90],"repository.":[91],"A":[92],"baseline":[93,168],"Neural":[95],"Network":[96],"(CNN)":[97],"was":[98,126,211],"initially":[99],"trained":[100,127],"on":[101,107,128,141],"traditionally":[102],"augmented":[103,188],"images":[104,151,192],"evaluated":[106],"validation":[109,172],"set.":[110,161],"To":[111],"address":[112],"class":[113],"imbalance":[114],"sensitivity":[117],"class,":[123,186],"DCGAN":[125],"this":[129],"subset":[130],"generate":[132],"images.":[135],"Generator":[136],"were":[138,156],"checkpointed":[139],"based":[140],"their":[142],"Frechet":[143],"Inception":[144],"Distance":[145],"(FID)":[146],"scores,":[147],"500":[149],"each":[153],"selected":[154],"generator":[155,197],"incorporated":[157],"training":[160],"Comparative":[162],"analysis":[163],"revealed":[164],"that":[165],"while":[166],"CNN":[169],"achieved":[170],"accuracy":[173,202],"98%":[175],"precision":[178],"0.97":[180],"model":[189],"utilizing":[190],"Epoch":[195],"72":[196],"improved":[198],"99%":[201],"with":[203],"macro":[205],"F1-score":[206],"1.00.":[208],"Statistical":[209],"significance":[210],"confirmed":[212],"via":[213],"McNemar\u2019s":[214],"test":[215],"(":[216],"p":[217],"&lt;":[218],"0.05),":[219],"highlighting":[220],"potential":[222],"GAN-based":[224,241],"enhancing":[227],"early":[228],"classification.":[230],"These":[231],"findings":[232],"underscore":[233],"importance":[235],"strategic":[237],"checkpoint":[238],"selection":[239],"in":[240],"data":[242],"ensure":[245],"clinically":[246],"meaningful":[247],"improvements.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-02-03T00:00:00"}
