{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416726342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.3275","title":"Two-hand static and dynamic Arabic sign language recognition using keypoints and shape descriptors with attention-driven feature fusion","display_name":"Two-hand static and dynamic Arabic sign language recognition using keypoints and shape descriptors with attention-driven feature fusion","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416726342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.3275"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7717/peerj-cs.3275","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.3275","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210178049","display_name":"PeerJ Computer Science","issn_l":"2376-5992","issn":["2376-5992"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320104","host_organization_name":"PeerJ, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320104"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["PeerJ, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PeerJ Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.3275","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zarnab Kausar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195024194","display_name":"Riphah International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kdm5630","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zarnab Kausar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071962452","display_name":"Shaheryar Najam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2186-2342"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59225215","display_name":"Bahria University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v8d7770","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59225215"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaheryar Najam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59225215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108136510","display_name":"Mohammed Alshehri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5795-3309"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82952536","display_name":"King Khalid University","ror":"https://ror.org/052kwzs30","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Alshehri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Applied College, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Applied College, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084118937","display_name":"Yahya Alqahtani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8622-0722"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82952536","display_name":"King Khalid University","ror":"https://ror.org/052kwzs30","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yahya AlQahtani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics and Computer Systems, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics and Computer Systems, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041568310","display_name":"Abdulmonem Alshahrani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2984-0612"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82952536","display_name":"King Khalid University","ror":"https://ror.org/052kwzs30","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdulmonem Alshahrani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics and Computer Systems, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics and Computer Systems, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101897713","display_name":"Ahmad Jalal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5675-0017"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899713450","display_name":"Air University","ror":"https://ror.org/03yfe9v83","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899713450"]}],"countries":["KR","PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad Jalal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Informatics, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of South Korea","Department of Computing and AI, Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Informatics, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing and AI, Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I899713450"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100776534","display_name":"Jeongmin Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8027-0876"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1322422313","display_name":"Tech University of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/0060vt104","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322422313"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeongmin Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Tech University of Korea, Sangidaehak-ro, Siheung-si, Republic of South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Tech University of Korea, Sangidaehak-ro, Siheung-si, Republic of South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1322422313"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1395,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1395},"apc_paid":{"value":1395,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1395},"fwci":8.731,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98103027,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"e3275","last_page":"e3275"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11285","display_name":"Hearing Impairment and Communication","score":0.002099999925121665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sign-language","display_name":"Sign language","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gesture","display_name":"Gesture","score":0.7342000007629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6531000137329102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gesture-recognition","display_name":"Gesture recognition","score":0.6401000022888184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.508899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale-invariant-feature-transform","display_name":"Scale-invariant feature transform","score":0.5038999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.44940000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.3393999934196472}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8111000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522192633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34228","display_name":"Sign language","level":2,"score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207347870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371174","display_name":"Gesture","level":2,"score":0.7342000007629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6560999751091003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6531000137329102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159437735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1519524","display_name":"Gesture recognition","level":3,"score":0.6401000022888184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.583899974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.508899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61265191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q767770","display_name":"Scale-invariant feature transform","level":3,"score":0.5038999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.44940000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.39629998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.3393999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.33079999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.32670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132900626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7534733","display_name":"Sketch recognition","level":4,"score":0.31459999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190470478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370229","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3111000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.3000999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.2802000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.2800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107953548","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172433","display_name":"Wired glove","level":3,"score":0.2551000118255615}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7717/peerj-cs.3275","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.3275","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210178049","display_name":"PeerJ Computer Science","issn_l":"2376-5992","issn":["2376-5992"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320104","host_organization_name":"PeerJ, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320104"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["PeerJ, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PeerJ Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9e83d7ea6b5b4acebeba24dde8be52f4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9e83d7ea6b5b4acebeba24dde8be52f4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PeerJ Computer Science, Vol 11, p e3275 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7717/peerj-cs.3275","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.3275","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210178049","display_name":"PeerJ Computer Science","issn_l":"2376-5992","issn":["2376-5992"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320104","host_organization_name":"PeerJ, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320104"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["PeerJ, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PeerJ Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2589346439","https://openalex.org/W2793172497","https://openalex.org/W2886091234","https://openalex.org/W2888822325","https://openalex.org/W3087439305","https://openalex.org/W3103833953","https://openalex.org/W3184874760","https://openalex.org/W3197181216","https://openalex.org/W4221167488","https://openalex.org/W4226061654","https://openalex.org/W4283520257","https://openalex.org/W4292821594","https://openalex.org/W4313207675","https://openalex.org/W4318719618","https://openalex.org/W4321454735","https://openalex.org/W4385337430","https://openalex.org/W4386285324","https://openalex.org/W4388574416","https://openalex.org/W4388723422","https://openalex.org/W4389325986","https://openalex.org/W4398788555","https://openalex.org/W4401194201","https://openalex.org/W4402401840","https://openalex.org/W4403511411","https://openalex.org/W4404048014","https://openalex.org/W4405907197","https://openalex.org/W4412848366","https://openalex.org/W4413209533"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sign":[0,16],"language":[1,171],"is":[2,83],"a":[3,37,109],"vital":[4],"communication":[5],"tool":[6],"for":[7,75,121,165],"individuals":[8],"with":[9,68],"hearing":[10],"and":[11,27,40,52,61,108,128,136,147,159,168],"speech":[12],"impairments,":[13],"yet":[14],"Arabic":[15],"Language":[17],"(ArSL)":[18],"recognition":[19,43,172],"remains":[20],"challenging":[21],"due":[22],"to":[23,86],"signer":[24],"variability,":[25],"occlusions,":[26],"limited":[28],"benchmark":[29],"datasets.":[30],"To":[31],"address":[32],"these":[33,105],"challenges,":[34],"we":[35],"propose":[36],"two-hand":[38],"static":[39,146],"dynamic":[41,119,148],"gesture":[42,77],"system":[44,132],"that":[45],"integrates":[46],"keypoint-based":[47],"descriptors":[48],"(ORB":[49],"(Oriented":[50],"FAST":[51],"Rotated":[53],"BRIEF),":[54],"AKAZE":[55],"(Accelerated-KAZE),":[56],"SIFT":[57],"(Scale-Invariant":[58],"Feature":[59],"Transform),":[60],"BRISK":[62],"(Binary":[63],"Robust":[64],"Invariant":[65],"Scalable":[66],"Keypoints))":[67],"shape-based":[69],"features":[70],"(smoothness,":[71],"convexity,":[72],"compactness,":[73],"symmetry)":[74],"enhanced":[76],"discrimination.":[78],"A":[79],"distance":[80],"map-based":[81],"method":[82],"also":[84],"used":[85],"extract":[87],"fingertip":[88],"keypoints":[89],"by":[90],"identifying":[91],"local":[92],"maxima":[93],"from":[94],"the":[95,130,154,163],"hand":[96],"centroid.":[97],"An":[98],"attention-enabled":[99],"feature":[100],"fusion":[101],"strategy":[102],"effectively":[103],"combines":[104],"diverse":[106],"features,":[107,161],"long":[110],"short-term":[111],"memory":[112],"(LSTM)":[113],"network":[114],"captures":[115],"temporal":[116,160],"dependencies":[117],"in":[118,143],"gestures":[120],"improved":[122],"classification.":[123],"Evaluated":[124],"on":[125],"KArSL-100,":[126],"KArSL-190,":[127],"KArSL-502,":[129],"proposed":[131],"achieved":[133],"77.34%,":[134],"62.53%,":[135],"47.58%":[137],"accuracy,":[138],"respectively,":[139],"demonstrating":[140],"its":[141],"robustness":[142],"recognizing":[144],"both":[145],"ArSL":[149],"gestures.":[150],"These":[151],"results":[152],"highlight":[153],"effectiveness":[155],"of":[156],"combining":[157],"spatial":[158],"paving":[162],"way":[164],"more":[166],"accurate":[167],"inclusive":[169],"sign":[170],"systems.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-08-06T08:24:18.245995","created_date":"2025-11-27T00:00:00"}
