{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7139090863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7155/jgaa.v30i1.3133","title":"Degree Realization by Bipartite Cactus Graphs","display_name":"Degree Realization by Bipartite Cactus Graphs","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7139090863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7155/jgaa.v30i1.3133"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7155/jgaa.v30i1.3133","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7155/jgaa.v30i1.3133","pdf_url":"https://jgaa.info/index.php/jgaa/article/download/3133/3022","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S33451491","display_name":"Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications","issn_l":"1526-1719","issn":["1526-1719"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://jgaa.info/index.php/jgaa/article/download/3133/3022","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050059210","display_name":"Amotz Bar-Noy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7021-9072"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174216632","display_name":"City University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/00453a208","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174216632"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amotz Bar-Noy","raw_affiliation_strings":["City University of New York"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"City University of New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174216632"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129875344","display_name":"Toni Boehnlein","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146936","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jyqk712","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210146936"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toni Boehnlein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei, Zurich"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei, Zurich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210146936"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056419022","display_name":"David Peleg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1590-0506"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I53964585","display_name":"Weizmann Institute of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0316ej306","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I53964585"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Peleg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Weizmann Institute of Science"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Weizmann Institute of Science","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53964585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108782657","display_name":"Yingli Ran","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135237710","display_name":"Zhejiang Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vevwk45","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135237710"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yingli Ran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang Normal University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135237710"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044026612","display_name":"Dror Rawitz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0323-6097"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13955877","display_name":"Bar-Ilan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kgsv495","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13955877"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dror Rawitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bar Ilan University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bar Ilan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13955877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050059210"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174216632"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91947098,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"1","first_page":"65","last_page":"87"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12923","display_name":"Digital Image Processing Techniques","score":0.5077000260353088,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12923","display_name":"Digital Image Processing Techniques","score":0.5077000260353088,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":0.07029999792575836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11797","display_name":"graph theory and CDMA systems","score":0.06239999830722809,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bipartite-graph","display_name":"Bipartite graph","score":0.9114000201225281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/realization","display_name":"Realization (probability)","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cactus","display_name":"Cactus","score":0.767300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/characterization","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","score":0.6395999789237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.49309998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/degree","display_name":"Degree (music)","score":0.48069998621940613}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197657726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174733","display_name":"Bipartite graph","level":3,"score":0.9114000201225281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781089630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21856745","display_name":"Realization (probability)","level":2,"score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780106946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14560","display_name":"Cactus","level":2,"score":0.767300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.6395999789237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5637999773025513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.5483999848365784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.49309998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775997480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q586277","display_name":"Degree (music)","level":2,"score":0.48069998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.4438999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134119311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q913598","display_name":"Complete bipartite graph","level":4,"score":0.3336000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.3328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136979486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q773483","display_name":"Existential quantification","level":2,"score":0.3310000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.27810001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88230418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131476","display_name":"Graph theory","level":2,"score":0.2766999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178744013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5502876","display_name":"Frequency partition of a graph","level":5,"score":0.25369998812675476}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7155/jgaa.v30i1.3133","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7155/jgaa.v30i1.3133","pdf_url":"https://jgaa.info/index.php/jgaa/article/download/3133/3022","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S33451491","display_name":"Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications","issn_l":"1526-1719","issn":["1526-1719"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7155/jgaa.v30i1.3133","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7155/jgaa.v30i1.3133","pdf_url":"https://jgaa.info/index.php/jgaa/article/download/3133/3022","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S33451491","display_name":"Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications","issn_l":"1526-1719","issn":["1526-1719"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7139090863.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7139090863.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,15,44],"Degree":[1],"Realization":[2],"problem":[3,82],"with":[4],"respect":[5],"to":[6,29,42,48,64,126,139],"a":[7,18,34,50,59,97,110,123,129,133,141,149,181],"graph":[8,35],"family":[9],"$\\mathcal{F}$":[10,62],"is":[11,17,28,94,113],"defined":[12],"as":[13,96,148,167,169],"follows.":[14],"input":[16,93],"sequence":[19],"$d$":[20],"of":[21,53,71,83,105,156,174,183],"$n$":[22],"positive":[23],"integers,":[24],"and":[25,63,147,163],"the":[26,55,72,81,92,101,106,171],"goal":[27],"decide":[30],"whether":[31],"there":[32],"exists":[33],"$G":[36],"\\in":[37],"\\mathcal{F}$":[38],"whose":[39],"degrees":[40],"correspond":[41],"$d$.":[43],"main":[45],"challenges":[46],"are":[47],"provide":[49,122,180],"precise":[51],"characterization":[52,104,142,182],"all":[54],"sequences":[56,86,107],"that":[57,68,108],"admit":[58],"realization":[60,112,134],"in":[61],"design":[65],"efficient":[66],"algorithms":[67],"construct":[69],"one":[70,76],"possible":[73],"realizations,":[74],"if":[75],"exists.":[77],"This":[78,136],"paper":[79],"studies":[80],"realizing":[84],"degree":[85],"by":[87,132],"bipartite":[88,144,172,185],"cactus":[89,111,145,157,161,165,186],"graphs":[90,162],"(where":[91],"given":[95],"single":[98],"sequence,":[99],"without":[100],"bi-partition).":[102],"A":[103],"have":[109],"already":[114],"known":[115],"[Rao":[116],"1981].":[117],"In":[118],"this":[119],"paper,":[120],"we":[121,178],"systematic":[124],"way":[125],"obtain":[127],"such":[128],"characterization,":[130],"accompanied":[131],"algorithm.":[135],"allows":[137],"us":[138],"derive":[140],"for":[143,151,170],"graphs,":[146,158,166],"byproduct,":[150],"several":[152],"other":[153],"interesting":[154],"sub-families":[155,173],"including":[159],"bridge-less":[160],"core":[164],"well":[168],"these":[175],"families.":[176],"Finally,":[177],"also":[179],"forcibly":[184],"sequences.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-22T06:25:25.174409","created_date":"2026-03-20T00:00:00"}