{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409254103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62056/aebngy4e-","title":"SoK: A Methodology to Achieve Provable Side-Channel Security in Real-World Implementations","display_name":"SoK: A Methodology to Achieve Provable Side-Channel Security in Real-World Implementations","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409254103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62056/aebngy4e-"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.62056/aebngy4e-","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.62056/aebngy4e-","pdf_url":"https://cic.iacr.org/p/2/1/4/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394708374","display_name":"IACR Communications in Cryptology","issn_l":"3006-5496","issn":["3006-5496"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320989","host_organization_name":"International Association for Cryptologic Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320989"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["International Association for Cryptologic Research"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IACR Communications in Cryptology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://cic.iacr.org/p/2/1/4/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028094453","display_name":"Sonia Bela\u00efd","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9437-6425"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086502","display_name":"CryptoExperts (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/0030xrh72","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086502"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sonia Bela\u00efd","raw_affiliation_strings":["CryptoExperts"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9437-6425","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CryptoExperts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086502"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059445412","display_name":"Ga\u00ebtan Cassiers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5426-9345"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086502","display_name":"CryptoExperts (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/0030xrh72","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086502"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ga\u00ebtan Cassiers","raw_affiliation_strings":["CryptoExperts"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5426-9345","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CryptoExperts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086502"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074272187","display_name":"Camille Mutschler","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087233","display_name":"Blood Cancer UK","ror":"https://ror.org/0055acf80","country_code":"GB","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087233"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Camille Mutschler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Idemia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Idemia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087233"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075769848","display_name":"Matthieu Rivain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9855-4161"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086502","display_name":"CryptoExperts (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/0030xrh72","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086502"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthieu Rivain","raw_affiliation_strings":["CryptoExperts"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9855-4161","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CryptoExperts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086502"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011111739","display_name":"Thomas Roche","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3736-7100"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117430","display_name":"National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics","ror":"https://ror.org/02caqc891","country_code":"JP","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319490839","https://openalex.org/I4210117430","https://openalex.org/I4210148627"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Roche","raw_affiliation_strings":["NinjaLab"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NinjaLab","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117430"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070542865","display_name":"Fran\u00e7ois\u2010Xavier Standaert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7444-0285"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95674353","display_name":"UCLouvain","ror":"https://ror.org/02495e989","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fran\u00e7ois-Xavier Standaert","raw_affiliation_strings":["UCLouvain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7444-0285","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UCLouvain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018698134","display_name":"Abdul Rahman Taleb","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086502","display_name":"CryptoExperts (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/0030xrh72","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086502"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdul Taleb","raw_affiliation_strings":["CryptoExperts"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5725-8474","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CryptoExperts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086502"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028094453"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086502"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.0655,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93138387,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.8390088677406311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/side-channel-attack","display_name":"Side channel attack","score":0.7112417221069336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6491434574127197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4640592336654663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/provable-security","display_name":"Provable security","score":0.436817467212677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3281363844871521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3098244071006775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.17010506987571716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.14190861582756042}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.8390088677406311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49289754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267081","display_name":"Side channel attack","level":3,"score":0.7112417221069336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6491434574127197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4640592336654663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131672422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852594","display_name":"Provable security","level":3,"score":0.436817467212677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3281363844871521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3098244071006775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.17010506987571716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.14190861582756042}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.62056/aebngy4e-","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.62056/aebngy4e-","pdf_url":"https://cic.iacr.org/p/2/1/4/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394708374","display_name":"IACR Communications in Cryptology","issn_l":"3006-5496","issn":["3006-5496"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320989","host_organization_name":"International Association for Cryptologic Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320989"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["International Association for Cryptologic Research"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IACR Communications in Cryptology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dial.uclouvain.be:boreal:305926","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/305926","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400166","display_name":"Digital Access to Libraries","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800384882","host_organization_name":"Harris County Public Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800384882"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IACR Communications in Cryptology, Vol. 2, no.1, p. 43 (2025)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.62056/aebngy4e-","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.62056/aebngy4e-","pdf_url":"https://cic.iacr.org/p/2/1/4/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394708374","display_name":"IACR Communications in Cryptology","issn_l":"3006-5496","issn":["3006-5496"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320989","host_organization_name":"International Association for Cryptologic Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320989"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["International Association for Cryptologic Research"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IACR Communications in Cryptology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5641042146","display_name":"Connecting Symmetric and Asymmetric  Cryptography for Leakage and Faults","funder_award_id":"101096871","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7401677150","display_name":"Generation and Verification of Masking Countermeasures Against Side-Channel Attacks","funder_award_id":"101077506","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321390","display_name":"Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS","ror":"https://ror.org/03q83t159"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409254103.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409254103.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W108606907","https://openalex.org/W130128522","https://openalex.org/W174225679","https://openalex.org/W191000419","https://openalex.org/W777813921","https://openalex.org/W802019357","https://openalex.org/W1412796964","https://openalex.org/W1425736675","https://openalex.org/W1499081748","https://openalex.org/W1541150254","https://openalex.org/W1548656471","https://openalex.org/W1562362230","https://openalex.org/W1562542037","https://openalex.org/W1575446397","https://openalex.org/W1592625985","https://openalex.org/W1613874182","https://openalex.org/W1724890242","https://openalex.org/W1897761346","https://openalex.org/W1943109301","https://openalex.org/W1980557401","https://openalex.org/W2003858108","https://openalex.org/W2123855359","https://openalex.org/W2154909745","https://openalex.org/W2161740631","https://openalex.org/W2164584813","https://openalex.org/W2183849663","https://openalex.org/W2241259389","https://openalex.org/W2261293451","https://openalex.org/W2418954816","https://openalex.org/W2479727864","https://openalex.org/W2487373411","https://openalex.org/W2496749353","https://openalex.org/W2592002982","https://openalex.org/W2612816951","https://openalex.org/W2741776607","https://openalex.org/W2751043011","https://openalex.org/W2753931741","https://openalex.org/W2783032164","https://openalex.org/W2785011856","https://openalex.org/W2795224205","https://openalex.org/W2806589823","https://openalex.org/W2809762558","https://openalex.org/W2810622823","https://openalex.org/W2812483921","https://openalex.org/W2914572864","https://openalex.org/W2927343779","https://openalex.org/W2944942867","https://openalex.org/W2990090555","https://openalex.org/W2991385415","https://openalex.org/W3009379283","https://openalex.org/W3046514168","https://openalex.org/W3089944233","https://openalex.org/W3133865019","https://openalex.org/W3158681199","https://openalex.org/W3183077458","https://openalex.org/W3184241571","https://openalex.org/W3184500914","https://openalex.org/W3203012334","https://openalex.org/W3203555882","https://openalex.org/W3217259380","https://openalex.org/W4200541983","https://openalex.org/W4213193520","https://openalex.org/W4226363871","https://openalex.org/W4252149415","https://openalex.org/W4288057788","https://openalex.org/W4294325185","https://openalex.org/W4308632441","https://openalex.org/W4360594643","https://openalex.org/W4380081315","https://openalex.org/W4385654320","https://openalex.org/W4390689254","https://openalex.org/W4392742376"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2120447654","https://openalex.org/W2977179488","https://openalex.org/W2144453115","https://openalex.org/W2744553356","https://openalex.org/W4323824501","https://openalex.org/W2128223750","https://openalex.org/W4238532390","https://openalex.org/W2188872161","https://openalex.org/W2961779879","https://openalex.org/W797688974"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"wide":[1],"range":[2],"of":[3,17,50,68,113],"countermeasures":[4],"have":[5],"been":[6],"proposed":[7],"to":[8,41,102,118,123,141,148,157,200],"defend":[9],"against":[10,132,214],"side-channel":[11,133,215],"attacks,":[12,216],"with":[13,59,211],"masking":[14],"being":[15],"one":[16],"the":[18,48,65,70,107,143,168,182,192],"most":[19],"effective":[20],"and":[21,61,76,152,180,196],"commonly":[22],"used":[23],"techniques.":[24],"While":[25],"theoretical":[26,57,81],"models":[27,101],"provide":[28,119,201],"formal":[29],"security":[30,82,104,175,188,213],"proofs,":[31],"these":[32],"often":[33],"rely":[34],"on":[35,87,135,162,218],"assumptions\u2014sometimes":[36],"implicit\u2014that":[37],"can":[38,208],"be":[39],"difficult":[40],"assess":[42],"in":[43,95,177,185],"practice.":[44],"As":[45],"a":[46,74,93,120,202],"result,":[47],"design":[49,169],"secure":[51,130,159],"masked":[52],"implementations":[53,86,131,160,210],"frequently":[54],"combines":[55],"proven":[56,212],"arguments":[58],"heuristic":[60],"empirical":[62],"validation.":[63],"Despite":[64],"significant":[66],"body":[67],"work,":[69],"literature":[71],"still":[72],"lacks":[73],"cohesive":[75],"well-defined":[77],"framework":[78],"for":[79,172,204],"translating":[80],"guarantees":[83,105],"into":[84,128],"practical":[85],"physical":[88],"devices.":[89],"Specifically,":[90],"there":[91],"remains":[92],"gap":[94,193],"connecting":[96],"provable":[97],"results":[98],"from":[99],"abstract":[100,125],"quantitative":[103],"at":[106],"implementation":[108],"level.":[109],"In":[110],"this":[111,163],"Systematization":[112],"Knowledge":[114],"(SoK),":[115],"we":[116,153,198],"aim":[117],"comprehensive":[121],"methodology":[122],"transform":[124],"cryptographic":[126],"algorithms":[127],"physically":[129],"attacks":[134],"microcontrollers.":[136],"We":[137],"introduce":[138],"new":[139],"tools":[140],"adapt":[142],"ideal":[144],"noisy":[145],"leakage":[146,220],"model":[147],"practical,":[149],"real-world":[150],"scenarios,":[151],"integrate":[154],"state-of-the-art":[155],"techniques":[156],"build":[158],"based":[161,217],"model.":[164],"Our":[165],"work":[166],"systematizes":[167],"objectives":[170],"necessary":[171],"achieving":[173],"high":[174],"levels":[176],"embedded":[178],"devices":[179],"identifies":[181],"remaining":[183],"challenges":[184],"concretely":[186],"applying":[187],"reductions.":[189],"By":[190],"bridging":[191],"between":[194],"theory":[195],"practice,":[197],"seek":[199],"foundation":[203],"future":[205],"research":[206],"that":[207],"develop":[209],"well-understood":[219],"assumptions.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-09T13:55:54.758798","created_date":"2025-04-09T00:00:00"}