{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399659178","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5715/jnlp.31.328","title":"Cloze Quality Estimation for Language Assessment","display_name":"Cloze Quality Estimation for Language Assessment","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399659178","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5715/jnlp.31.328"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5715/jnlp.31.328","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.5715/jnlp.31.328","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jnlp/31/2/31_328/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212357","display_name":"Journal of Natural Language Processing","issn_l":"1340-7619","issn":["1340-7619","2185-8314"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Natural Language Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jnlp/31/2/31_328/_pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058758745","display_name":"Zizheng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8764-9635"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69740276","display_name":"Tokyo Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ws30h19","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69740276"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zizheng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tokyo Metropolitan University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tokyo Metropolitan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69740276"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003760956","display_name":"Masato Mita","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6210-3716"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089607","display_name":"CyberAgent (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/0060jg679","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089607"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69740276","display_name":"Tokyo Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ws30h19","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69740276"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masato Mita","raw_affiliation_strings":["CyberAgent, Inc","Tokyo Metropolitan University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CyberAgent, Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089607"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tokyo Metropolitan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69740276"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061931124","display_name":"Mamoru Komachi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1166-1739"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111428342","display_name":"Hitotsubashi University","ror":"https://ror.org/04jqj7p05","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111428342"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69740276","display_name":"Tokyo Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ws30h19","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69740276"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mamoru Komachi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hitotsubashi University","Tokyo Metropolitan University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hitotsubashi University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111428342"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tokyo Metropolitan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69740276"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2792,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83848022,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"2","first_page":"328","last_page":"348"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14025","display_name":"Educational Technology and Assessment","score":0.35249999165534973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14025","display_name":"Educational Technology and Assessment","score":0.35249999165534973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.612341582775116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5309673547744751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.5059215426445007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.4378425180912018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.0967985987663269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.07310819625854492}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.612341582775116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5309673547744751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5059215426445007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4378425180912018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0967985987663269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.07310819625854492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5715/jnlp.31.328","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.5715/jnlp.31.328","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jnlp/31/2/31_328/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212357","display_name":"Journal of Natural Language Processing","issn_l":"1340-7619","issn":["1340-7619","2185-8314"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Natural Language Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5715/jnlp.31.328","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.5715/jnlp.31.328","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jnlp/31/2/31_328/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212357","display_name":"Journal of Natural Language Processing","issn_l":"1340-7619","issn":["1340-7619","2185-8314"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Natural Language Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4399659178.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W150749837","https://openalex.org/W163271066","https://openalex.org/W164440181","https://openalex.org/W1784223173","https://openalex.org/W1975879668","https://openalex.org/W1985760154","https://openalex.org/W1999550557","https://openalex.org/W2069037971","https://openalex.org/W2089236231","https://openalex.org/W2098297786","https://openalex.org/W2112898687","https://openalex.org/W2251601342","https://openalex.org/W2270070752","https://openalex.org/W2517654006","https://openalex.org/W2889048825","https://openalex.org/W2965373594","https://openalex.org/W2970868759","https://openalex.org/W2993348991","https://openalex.org/W3034955400","https://openalex.org/W3037162118","https://openalex.org/W3044438666","https://openalex.org/W3083163916","https://openalex.org/W4285136668","https://openalex.org/W6838865847"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W4395014643"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cloze":[0,25],"tests":[1,72],"play":[2],"an":[3],"essential":[4],"role":[5],"in":[6,90,118,123],"language":[7,11,41],"assessment":[8,42],"and":[9,49,73,87,94],"help":[10],"learners":[12],"improve":[13,139],"their":[14,77],"skills.":[15],"In":[16],"this":[17],"paper,":[18],"we":[19],"propose":[20],"a":[21,33,59],"novel":[22],"task":[23,29],"called":[24],"Quality":[26],"Estimation":[27],"(CQE)\u2014a":[28],"of":[30,37,92,126,134],"evaluating":[31],"whether":[32],"cloze":[34,71],"test":[35],"is":[36],"sufficient":[38],"\u201chigh-quality\u201d":[39],"for":[40,64],"based":[43],"on":[44,103,111],"two":[45],"important":[46],"factors:":[47],"reliability":[48,93,127],"sufficiency.":[50],"We":[51,97],"have":[52,98],"taken":[53],"the":[54,65,104,112,119,124,140],"first":[55],"step":[56],"by":[57,80],"creating":[58],"new":[60],"dataset":[61],"named":[62],"CELA":[63],"CQE":[66],"task,":[67,121],"which":[68,84],"includes":[69,85],"English":[70,82],"corresponding":[74],"evaluations":[75],"about":[76],"quality":[78],"annotated":[79],"native":[81],"speakers,":[83],"2,597":[86],"1,730":[88],"instances":[89],"aspects":[91],"sufficiency,":[95],"respectively.":[96],"tested":[99],"baseline":[100],"evaluation":[101],"methods":[102,107],"dataset,":[105],"showing":[106],"that":[108],"only":[109],"focused":[110],"options":[113],"would":[114],"not":[115],"perform":[116],"well":[117],"challenging":[120],"especially":[122],"aspect":[125],"detection.":[128],"More":[129],"features":[130],"such":[131],"as":[132],"context":[133],"questions":[135],"are":[136],"expected":[137],"to":[138],"detection":[141],"performance.":[142]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-11T06:11:40.159057","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}