{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2293165647","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5591/978-1-57735-516-8/ijcai11-144","title":"Efficient reasoning in proper knowledge bases with unknown individuals","display_name":"Efficient reasoning in proper knowledge bases with unknown individuals","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-07-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2293165647","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5591/978-1-57735-516-8/ijcai11-144","mag":"2293165647"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.208.1250","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.208.1250","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://ijcai.org/papers11/Papers/IJCAI11-144.pdf","raw_type":"text"},"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013290512","display_name":"Giuseppe De Giacomo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9680-7658"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giuseppe De Giacomo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sapienza\u2013Universit\u00e0 di Roma, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9680-7658","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sapienza\u2013Universit\u00e0 di Roma, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060460434","display_name":"Yves Lesp\u00e9rance","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1625-0226"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192455969","display_name":"York University","ror":"https://ror.org/05fq50484","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yves Lesp\u00e9rance","raw_affiliation_strings":["York University , Toronto Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1625-0226","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"York University , Toronto Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192455969"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025681351","display_name":"Hector J. Levesque","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hector J. Levesque","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3189,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85455006,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"827","last_page":"832"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soundness","display_name":"Soundness","score":0.9540632367134094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/completeness","display_name":"Completeness (order theory)","score":0.7721456289291382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.681743323802948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6740871667861938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relational-database","display_name":"Relational database","score":0.5298418998718262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.44433966279029846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.41420334577560425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3542678952217102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3428974151611328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.29937559366226196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.21529000997543335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.1500992476940155}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39920170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q693083","display_name":"Soundness","level":2,"score":0.9540632367134094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17231256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156540","display_name":"Completeness (order theory)","level":2,"score":0.7721456289291382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.681743323802948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6740871667861938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5655090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192588","display_name":"Relational database","level":2,"score":0.5298418998718262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.44433966279029846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.41420334577560425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3542678952217102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3428974151611328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.29937559366226196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21529000997543335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.1500992476940155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.208.1250","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.208.1250","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://ijcai.org/papers11/Papers/IJCAI11-144.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.uniroma1.it:11573/950778","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11573/950778","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196107","display_name":"IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"mag:2293165647","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/papers11/Papers/IJCAI11-144.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306419999","display_name":"International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":"International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W193724012","https://openalex.org/W1479728228","https://openalex.org/W1482134990","https://openalex.org/W1498734259","https://openalex.org/W1549792078","https://openalex.org/W1599313152","https://openalex.org/W1969053136","https://openalex.org/W1969340050","https://openalex.org/W1979514837","https://openalex.org/W1990391007","https://openalex.org/W1992673035","https://openalex.org/W2031641275","https://openalex.org/W2032728598","https://openalex.org/W2056177422","https://openalex.org/W2058208784","https://openalex.org/W2065538099","https://openalex.org/W2126004201","https://openalex.org/W2136341435","https://openalex.org/W2151322578","https://openalex.org/W2155094138","https://openalex.org/W2460765317"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1865029539","https://openalex.org/W1597904069","https://openalex.org/W2613111260","https://openalex.org/W82332555","https://openalex.org/W2133422947","https://openalex.org/W2620979834","https://openalex.org/W1479728228","https://openalex.org/W1481488617","https://openalex.org/W1554176772","https://openalex.org/W2272410705","https://openalex.org/W1982570093","https://openalex.org/W1976291507","https://openalex.org/W2589396532","https://openalex.org/W2265310509","https://openalex.org/W1578499270","https://openalex.org/W2342532162","https://openalex.org/W1784626293","https://openalex.org/W35265536","https://openalex.org/W166222245","https://openalex.org/W23932768"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"work":[1,57],"develops":[2],"an":[3],"approach":[4],"to":[5,50,72],"efficient":[6],"reasoning":[7,102,120],"in":[8,28,55,62,77,111,127],"first-order":[9,97],"knowledge":[10,20,27],"bases":[11,21],"with":[12,65],"incomplete":[13,26],"information.":[14],"We":[15,42,114],"build":[16],"on":[17,58,81],"Levesque\u2019s":[18],"proper":[19],"approach,":[22],"which":[23,46,101],"supports":[24],"limited":[25],"the":[29,56,78,94,116,119],"form":[30],"of":[31,36,93,118],"a":[32,44,74,128],"possibly":[33],"infinite":[34],"set":[35],"positive":[37],"or":[38],"negative":[39],"ground":[40],"facts.":[41],"propose":[43],"generalization":[45],"allows":[47],"these":[48],"facts":[49],"involve":[51],"unknown":[52,67],"individuals,":[53],"as":[54,110],"labeled":[59],"null":[60],"values":[61],"databases.":[63,113],"Dealing":[64],"such":[66],"individuals":[68],"has":[69],"been":[70],"shown":[71],"be":[73,105],"key":[75],"feature":[76],"database":[79],"literature":[80],"data":[82,85],"integration":[83],"and":[84,122],"exchange.":[86],"In":[87],"this":[88],"way,":[89],"we":[90],"obtain":[91],"one":[92],"most":[95],"expressive":[96],"open-world":[98],"settings":[99],"for":[100,125],"can":[103],"still":[104],"done":[106],"efficiently":[107],"by":[108],"evaluation,":[109],"relational":[112],"show":[115],"soundness":[117],"procedure":[121],"its":[123],"completeness":[124],"queries":[126],"certain":[129],"normal":[130],"form.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
