{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2099002102","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5539/cis.v4n1p53","title":"Building a Cost Effective Network for E-learning in Developing Countries","display_name":"Building a Cost Effective Network for E-learning in Developing Countries","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-12-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2099002102","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5539/cis.v4n1p53","mag":"2099002102"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5539/cis.v4n1p53","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5539/cis.v4n1p53","pdf_url":"https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/cis/article/download/8824/6467","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764452479","display_name":"Computer and Information Science","issn_l":"1913-8989","issn":["1913-8989","1913-8997"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322531","host_organization_name":"Canadian Center of Science and Education","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322531"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Canadian Center of Science and Education"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer and Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/cis/article/download/8824/6467","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111880590","display_name":"Edem E. Williams","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3970730","display_name":"University of Calabar","ror":"https://ror.org/05qderh61","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3970730"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edem E. Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3970730"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019267915","display_name":"Essien Eyo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3970730","display_name":"University of Calabar","ror":"https://ror.org/05qderh61","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3970730"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Essien Eyo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3970730"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3970730"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6058,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89280661,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10953","display_name":"E-Government and Public Services","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10953","display_name":"E-Government and Public Services","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13194","display_name":"ICT in Developing Communities","score":0.9858999848365784,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11024","display_name":"Information Systems Theories and Implementation","score":0.9793999791145325,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7768048644065857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-shortage","display_name":"Economic shortage","score":0.767254114151001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/installation","display_name":"Installation","score":0.6595255136489868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developing-country","display_name":"Developing country","score":0.5360415577888489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.41652917861938477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3715745806694031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.34284695982933044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"Economic growth","score":0.22261559963226318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","score":0.08979469537734985}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7768048644065857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194051981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1337691","display_name":"Economic shortage","level":3,"score":0.767254114151001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146778888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836862","display_name":"Installation","level":2,"score":0.6595255136489868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.5360415577888489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.41652917861938477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3715745806694031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.34284695982933044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.22261559963226318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.08979469537734985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5539/cis.v4n1p53","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5539/cis.v4n1p53","pdf_url":"https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/cis/article/download/8824/6467","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764452479","display_name":"Computer and Information Science","issn_l":"1913-8989","issn":["1913-8989","1913-8997"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322531","host_organization_name":"Canadian Center of Science and Education","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322531"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Canadian Center of Science and Education"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer and Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5539/cis.v4n1p53","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5539/cis.v4n1p53","pdf_url":"https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/cis/article/download/8824/6467","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764452479","display_name":"Computer and Information Science","issn_l":"1913-8989","issn":["1913-8989","1913-8997"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322531","host_organization_name":"Canadian Center of Science and Education","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322531"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Canadian Center of Science and Education"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer and Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.44999998807907104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2099002102.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2099002102.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965950783","https://openalex.org/W2024372407","https://openalex.org/W2052710901","https://openalex.org/W2088878016","https://openalex.org/W2136941206","https://openalex.org/W2168729793","https://openalex.org/W2493366806","https://openalex.org/W2936807480","https://openalex.org/W3187302642","https://openalex.org/W6642063348"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2391680869","https://openalex.org/W2392746298","https://openalex.org/W2383135875","https://openalex.org/W2363523615","https://openalex.org/W3022638154","https://openalex.org/W4390398439","https://openalex.org/W638541915","https://openalex.org/W2372114190","https://openalex.org/W2904317766","https://openalex.org/W4250798789"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"E-learning":[0,37],"has":[1],"started":[2],"to":[3,12,19,52,87],"make":[4],"way":[5],"into":[6],"developing":[7],"countries":[8],"and":[9,33,65,78,99,102],"is":[10,38,85],"believed":[11],"have":[13,50],"huge":[14],"potential":[15],"for":[16,24,43],"governments":[17],"struggling":[18],"meet":[20],"a":[21,41,63,89],"growing":[22],"demand":[23],"education":[25],"while":[26],"facing":[27],"an":[28],"escalating":[29],"shortage":[30],"of":[31,47,75],"teachers":[32],"other":[34],"educational":[35],"infrastructure.":[36,82],"seen":[39],"as":[40],"tool":[42],"raising":[44],"the":[45,73,104,121],"number":[46],"students":[48],"who":[49],"access":[51,116],"higher":[53],"education,":[54],"especially":[55],"marginalized":[56],"groups":[57],"in":[58],"rural":[59],"areas,":[60],"by":[61],"being":[62],"cheaper":[64],"more":[66],"flexible":[67],"alternative.":[68],"Among":[69],"several":[70],"challenges":[71],"are":[72],"costs":[74],"providing,":[76],"installing":[77],"managing":[79],"e-learning":[80],"hardware":[81],"This":[83,110],"paper":[84],"set":[86],"build":[88],"network":[90],"model":[91],"that":[92,112],"will":[93,96],"conserve":[94],"bandwidth,":[95],"stream":[97],"audio":[98],"video":[100],"rapidly":[101],"at":[103,120],"same":[105],"time":[106],"require":[107],"minimal":[108],"administration.":[109],"means":[111],"high":[113],"speed":[114],"communication/data":[115],"can":[117],"be":[118],"achieved":[119],"lowest":[122],"possible":[123],"cost,":[124],"thereby":[125],"enhancing":[126],"e-learning.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}