{"id":"https://openalex.org/W6950478325","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000160355","title":"3D Human Body Pose-Based Activity Recognition for Driver Monitoring Systems","display_name":"3D Human Body Pose-Based Activity Recognition for Driver Monitoring Systems","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W6950478325","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000160355"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:EVASTAR-Karlsruhe.de:1000160355","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000160355","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401992","display_name":"Repository KITopen (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","host_organization_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"doc-type:doctoralThesis"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000160355","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Martin, Manuel","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Martin, Manuel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.30232096,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.5476999878883362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.5476999878883362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.11819999665021896,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.07039999961853027,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.5863000154495239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.5623000264167786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/activity-recognition","display_name":"Activity recognition","score":0.5357000231742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5029000043869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advanced-driver-assistance-systems","display_name":"Advanced driver assistance systems","score":0.4934999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.47600001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modality","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","score":0.4537000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.41499999165534973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.5863000154495239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.5623000264167786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121687571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677630","display_name":"Activity recognition","level":2,"score":0.5357000231742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5354999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5324000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5174999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5029000043869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87833898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1060280","display_name":"Advanced driver assistance systems","level":2,"score":0.4934999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.47600001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888030","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","level":2,"score":0.4537000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.41499999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3982999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.3856000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777113093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221488","display_name":"Pedestrian","level":2,"score":0.3287999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3192000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.30799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.3012999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019007443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q568742","display_name":"3d model","level":2,"score":0.29580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.28600001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.26330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42058472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810214","display_name":"Base (topology)","level":2,"score":0.2612999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150627866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076893","display_name":"Field of view","level":2,"score":0.25690001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.25369998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.2517000138759613}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:EVASTAR-Karlsruhe.de:1000160355","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000160355","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401992","display_name":"Repository KITopen (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","host_organization_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"doc-type:doctoralThesis"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/456760","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/456760","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"doctoral thesis"},{"id":"doi:10.5445/ir/1000160355","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000160355","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052948","display_name":"KITopen","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5445/ir/1000160355","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000160355","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052948","display_name":"KITopen","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Traffic":[0],"accidents":[1],"are":[2,59,243,256],"unfortunately":[3],"an":[4,563],"unavoidable":[5],"part":[6],"of":[7,17,35,90,108,128,133,135,143,239,302,307,319,341,348,358,379,388,397,436,475,487,493,521,530,549,551,566,584,595,613,615,622,657,672,684,701,720,772,840],"our":[8,241,248,273,406,658,691,721,763,826,837],"modern":[9],"transport":[10],"system.":[11,223],"In":[12,42,79,323,405,786],"many":[13,494],"cases":[14],"the":[15,33,44,63,88,124,129,131,136,141,178,190,196,209,221,231,278,295,298,303,305,311,325,342,349,355,359,395,428,449,473,482,490,501,511,522,544,552,559,570,585,596,611,616,623,633,655,670,685,699,717,733,739,778,788,830],"behavior":[16],"drivers":[18,58,91],"is":[19,183,199,354,386,394,499,562,842],"a":[20,39,96,115,166,200,283,328,433,514,601,645,745,755,782,810,819,846],"contributing":[21],"factor.":[22],"Different":[23],"studies":[24],"show":[25,253,654,761],"that":[26,254,543,694,762,829],"distractions":[27],"caused":[28],"by":[29,195,442,448,680],"secondary":[30],"activities,":[31],"like":[32,297,310,321],"use":[34],"mobile":[36],"phones,":[37],"play":[38],"large":[40,218,847],"role.":[41],"addition,":[43,324,787],"trend":[45],"to":[46,86,155,177,185,212,220,230,272,401,455,478,509,513,555,619,626,630,638,676,735,845],"occupy":[47],"oneself":[48],"with":[49,53,217,289,337,416,581,780],"other":[50,173,468,556,620,779],"activities":[51,89,215,678,703],"rises":[52],"increasing":[54,582],"vehicle":[55,524],"automation":[56],"because":[57],"less":[60],"involved":[61,145],"in":[62,92,146,175,234,459,546,558,632,662,797,801,809],"driving":[64,814,822],"task.":[65],"For":[66],"this":[67,80,153,160,384,425,476,575,606,642],"reason,":[68],"driver":[69,180,333,368],"monitoring":[70],"systems":[71],"will":[72],"be":[73,768],"required":[74],"for":[75,268,294,331,365,383,419,533,569,812],"future":[76],"automated":[77,93,417,813],"cars.":[78],"thesis":[81],"we":[82,228,252,362,409,506,577,608,688,709],"therefore":[83,264,410],"investigate":[84,716],"how":[85,508],"detect":[87,156,214],"cars":[94],"using":[95,380,464,644,752],"modular":[97,722],"recognition":[98,287,497,765],"system":[99,106,723,748,790],"based":[100,372,648,704,743],"on":[101,162,247,373,412,427,457,481,574,610,649,705,744,770,777,818],"3D":[102,116,125,168,179,291,299,317,332,350,367,444,483,502,516,547,706,831],"data.":[103],"The":[104,111,149,237,345,376],"proposed":[105],"consists":[107],"two":[109,163],"stages.":[110],"first":[112,197,407,838],"stage":[113,151,211,839],"creates":[114],"interior":[117,137,169,191,308,351,525,586,597,665,740,832],"state":[118,170,192,352,517,560,587,598,624,741,833],"model":[119,171,353,518,561,599,625,742,834],"from":[120,467,754,836],"camera":[121,222,747],"data":[122,261,382,675,707,753,807,816],"including":[123,172,519],"body":[126,181,300,334,356,369,389,438,461,484,504,554,618,682],"pose":[127,182,301,335,357,370,439,462,485],"driver,":[130,304],"location":[132,205,306,674],"elements":[134,174,309,520,557,666],"as":[138,140,314,316,526,528],"well":[139,315,527],"position":[142],"objects":[144,320,531,668],"certain":[147,534],"activities.":[148,157,188,535],"second":[150,210,392,422,827],"uses":[152,432],"representation":[154,207],"We":[158,263,470,536,640,652,714,730,759],"base":[159],"design":[161],"hypotheses:":[164],"First,":[165],"rich":[167],"addition":[176],"important":[184,564],"discern":[186,677],"fine-grained":[187,702],"Second,":[189],"model,":[193],"created":[194],"stage,":[198],"sensor":[201,204,725,843],"modality":[202,726],"and":[203,541,635,667,669,708,727,749,775,800,815],"independent":[206,844],"allowing":[208],"successfully":[213],"even":[216],"changes":[219],"To":[224,604],"verify":[225],"these":[226,403,773],"assumptions,":[227],"contribute":[229,363],"research":[232,507],"field":[233],"three":[235],"areas.":[236],"foundation":[238],"all":[240,593],"efforts":[242],"annotated":[244],"datasets.":[245],"Based":[246,573],"extensive":[249],"literature":[250],"review":[251],"there":[255],"no":[257],"suitable":[258],"public":[259,329,398],"automotive":[260,399],"sources.":[262],"collect":[265],"multiple":[266,290],"datasets":[267,400,466,795],"different":[269,579,794,798,803],"subtasks":[270],"leading":[271],"final":[274,590],"dataset,":[275],"published":[276],"under":[277],"name":[279],"Drive&Act.":[280,488],"It":[281,431],"includes":[282,327],"large-scale":[284,465],"hierarchical":[285],"activity":[286,496,764],"benchmark":[288,330,486],"input":[292,492,512,696],"modalities":[293,697],"task,":[296],"steering":[312],"wheel,":[313],"trajectories":[318],"smartphones.":[322],"dataset":[326],"estimation":[336,371,440,463],"challenging":[338],"partial":[339,479],"occlusion":[340,387,480],"driver\u2019s":[343,553,617],"body.":[344],"main":[346],"feature":[347],"driver.":[360,686],"Here":[361],"methods":[364,498,580],"real-time":[366],"depth":[374,381,414,450,757],"images.":[375],"primary":[377,491],"challenge":[378,393],"task":[385],"parts.":[390],"A":[391],"lack":[396],"train":[402],"methods.":[404],"approach":[408,423,766],"rely":[411,456,609],"simulated":[413],"images":[415],"annotation":[418],"training.":[420],"Our":[421,589],"handles":[424],"problem":[426],"algorithm":[429],"level.":[430],"novel":[434],"split":[435],"2D":[437,460],"followed":[441],"separate":[443],"keypoint":[445],"regression":[446],"guided":[447],"image.":[451],"This":[452,824],"enables":[453],"us":[454],"advances":[458],"domains.":[469],"can":[471,653,689,710,731,760,767,791],"demonstrate":[472,732],"robustness":[474],"method":[477,591,661],"While":[489],"related":[495],"just":[500,781],"human":[503],"pose,":[505],"expand":[510],"complex":[515],"surrounding":[523],"positions":[529],"relevant":[532,664],"follow":[537],"one":[538,771],"central":[539],"paradigm":[540],"assume":[542],"distance":[545,612],"space":[548],"keypoints":[550,614],"indicator":[565],"their":[567,712],"relevance":[568],"performed":[571],"activity.":[572],"hypothesis":[576,693,828],"develop":[578],"complexity":[583],"model.":[588],"casts":[592],"parts":[594,621],"into":[600],"spatio-temporal":[602],"graph.":[603],"generate":[605],"graph,":[607],"determine":[627],"which":[628],"nodes":[629],"include":[631],"graph":[634,643,650,659],"what":[636],"edges":[637],"create.":[639],"analyze":[641],"neural":[646],"network":[647],"convolutions.":[651],"advantage":[656],"creation":[660],"selecting":[663],"usefulness":[671],"object":[673],"represented":[679],"similar":[681],"poses":[683],"Consequently,":[687],"prove":[690],"initial":[692],"additional":[695],"improve":[698],"detection":[700],"quantify":[711],"impact.":[713],"also":[715],"overall":[718,789],"performance":[719,784],"regarding":[724],"viewpoint":[728],"changes.":[729],"capability":[734],"switch":[736],"between":[737,806],"creating":[738,750],"multi-view":[746],"it":[751],"single":[756],"sensor.":[758],"trained":[769],"representations":[774],"evaluated":[776],"moderate":[783],"drop.":[785],"generalize":[792],"across":[793],"recorded":[796,808,817],"vehicles":[799],"vastly":[802],"conditions,":[804],"switching":[805],"simulator":[811],"test":[820],"track":[821],"manually.":[823],"supports":[825],"resulting":[835],"algorithms":[841],"degree.":[848]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T06:51:31.235846","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
