{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128219899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18519253","title":"DIVE: A Multi-Label Smart Contract Vulnerability Dataset","display_name":"DIVE: A Multi-Label Smart Contract Vulnerability Dataset","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128219899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18519253"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.18519253","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18519253","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dataset"},"type":"dataset","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18519253","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045950024","display_name":"Shikah J. Alsunaidi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8262-5025"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alsunaidi, Shikah","raw_affiliation_strings":["King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8262-5025","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055125044","display_name":"Hamoud Aljamaan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2146-9348"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aljamaan, Hamoud","raw_affiliation_strings":["King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2146-9348","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125315150","display_name":"Mohammad Hammoudeh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hammoudeh, Mohammad","raw_affiliation_strings":["King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1058-0996","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":null,"topics":[],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.5791000127792358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"Interpretability","score":0.46209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metadata","display_name":"Metadata","score":0.45820000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opcode","display_name":"Opcode","score":0.4426000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.43849998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.4034999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.3612000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.3571999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.3564999997615814}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8058000206947327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5791000127792358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.46209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93518851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180160","display_name":"Metadata","level":2,"score":0.45820000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52173422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q766483","display_name":"Opcode","level":2,"score":0.4426000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.43849998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.40380001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.4034999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.3612000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.3571999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.3564999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167063184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1400839","display_name":"Vulnerability assessment","level":3,"score":0.3409000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779950589","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7544035","display_name":"Smart contract","level":3,"score":0.3343000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33070001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132964779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2110223","display_name":"Raw data","level":2,"score":0.3174999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.31189998984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.303600013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.2992999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.29750001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.2962000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86037889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4330127","display_name":"Learning to rank","level":3,"score":0.2750000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.27300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.26930001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.26759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.2662999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.2587999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.2538999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2515999972820282}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.18519253","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18519253","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dataset"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.18519253","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18519253","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dataset"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\ud83d\udcc4":[0],"Dataset":[1],"Description":[2],"The":[3,150,192],"DIVE":[4,30,93,193],"dataset":[5,51,151,194],"was":[6],"constructed":[7],"from":[8],"raw":[9],"data":[10,250,283],"collected":[11],"via":[12],"the":[13,64,105,139,156,161],"Etherscan":[14],"API,":[15],"using":[16,114],"three":[17],"main":[18],"endpoints":[19],"to":[20,155,267],"capture:":[21],"\ud83e\udde9":[22],"Contract-level":[23],"metadata":[24],"\ud83e\uddfe":[25],"Account-level":[26],"information":[27],"\u2699\ufe0f":[28],"Opcodes":[29],"integrates":[31],"a":[32,86,97,115],"wide":[33],"variety":[34],"of":[35,117,160,179],"smart":[36,70,199],"contract":[37,88,200],"features,":[38],"organized":[39],"into":[40],"two":[41,55],"separate":[42],"datasets:":[43],"DIVE_PRE_Data":[44,76],"(pre-deployment":[45],"features)":[46,49],"DIVE_POST_Data":[47,80],"(post-deployment":[48],"Each":[50],"is":[52,94,195],"available":[53],"in":[54,75,79],"formats:":[56],"Raw":[57],"and":[58,126,135,206,214,241,248,287,294],"Preprocessed.":[59],"Following":[60],"multiple":[61,91,220],"preprocessing":[62],"steps,":[63],"final":[65],"processed":[66],"versions":[67,134],"provide:":[68],"22,330":[69],"contracts":[71],"(samples)":[72],"221":[73],"features":[74,78],"176":[77],"\ud83c\udff7\ufe0f":[81],"Multi-Label":[82],"Vulnerability":[83,100,144,223],"Annotation":[84],"Since":[85],"single":[87],"can":[89],"exhibit":[90],"vulnerabilities,":[92],"structured":[95],"as":[96],"multi-label":[98,215,259],"dataset.":[99],"labels":[101,153],"were":[102,130],"generated":[103],"through":[104,203],"MultiTagging":[106,140],"framework,":[107],"which":[108],"analyzes":[109],"each":[110],"contract\u2019s":[111],"source":[112],"code":[113],"suite":[116],"six":[118],"established":[119],"tools:":[120],"MAIAN,":[121],"Mythril,":[122],"Semgrep,":[123],"Slither,":[124],"Solhint,":[125],"VeriSmart.":[127],"All":[128],"tools":[129],"executed":[131],"with":[132,138],"consistent":[133],"configurations,":[136],"aligned":[137],"project":[141],"specifications.":[142],"\ud83d\udee1\ufe0f":[143],"Labels":[145],"(DASP":[146],"Top":[147,163],"10":[148,164],"Categories)":[149],"includes":[152],"mapped":[154,266],"first":[157],"8":[158],"categories":[159],"DASP":[162,268],"vulnerability":[165,201,260,264],"taxonomy:":[166],"Reentrancy":[167],"Access":[168],"Control":[169],"Arithmetic":[170],"Issues":[171],"(Integer":[172],"Overflow/Underflow)":[173],"Unchecked":[174],"Call":[175],"Return":[176],"Values":[177],"Denial":[178],"Service":[180],"(DoS)":[181],"Bad":[182],"Randomness":[183],"Front":[184],"Running":[185],"Time":[186],"Manipulation":[187],"(Timestamp":[188],"Dependence)":[189],"\ud83c\udfaf":[190],"Applications":[191],"primarily":[196],"intended":[197],"for":[198,252,291],"detection":[202],"security":[204],"analysis":[205],"machine":[207],"learning.Beyond":[208],"this,":[209],"its":[210],"rich":[211],"feature":[212,274,288],"set":[213],"structure":[216],"enable":[217],"research":[218],"across":[219],"domains,":[221],"including:":[222],"Detection":[224,234],"Representation":[225],"Learning":[226],"Transfer":[227],"&":[228],"Domain":[229],"Adaptation":[230],"Feature":[231,270],"Interpretability":[232],"Anomaly":[233],"\ud83d\udce6":[235],"Package":[236],"Contents":[237],"DIVE_Raw_Data.zip":[238],"\u2013":[239,246,256,272,281],"PRE-":[240,247],"POST-deployment":[242,249],"unprocessed":[243],"attributes.":[244],"DIVE_Processed_Data.zip":[245],"ready":[251],"ML":[253],"tasks.":[254],"DIVE_Labels.zip":[255],"DIVE_Labels.csv:":[257],"Final":[258],"annotations.":[261],"Tool_Results.csv:":[262],"Per-tool":[263],"flags":[265],"categories.":[269],"list.xlsx":[271],"Comprehensive":[273],"catalog":[275],"(name,":[276],"type,":[277],"description,":[278],"category).":[279],"EDA_and_Profiling_Reports.zip":[280],"Exploratory":[282],"analysis,":[284],"profiling":[285],"reports,":[286],"distribution":[289],"plots":[290],"both":[292],"PRE":[293],"POST":[295],"datasets.":[296]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-02-08T00:00:00"}
