{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7087017610","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16794085","title":"Combining the second data-release of the European Pulsar Timing Array with low-frequency pulsar data","display_name":"Combining the second data-release of the European Pulsar Timing Array with low-frequency pulsar data","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7087017610","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16794085"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.16794085","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16794085","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"dataset"},"type":"dataset","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16794085","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Iraci, Francesco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0068-4727"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I875825670","display_name":"National Institute for Astrophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/02gh4kt33","country_code":"IT","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I875825670"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Iraci, Francesco","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute for Astrophysics"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute for Astrophysics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I875825670"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chalumeau, Aur\u00e9lien","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2111-1001"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I922237871","display_name":"Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy","ror":"https://ror.org/000k1q888","country_code":"NL","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800991832","https://openalex.org/I4405262988","https://openalex.org/I922237871"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chalumeau, Aur\u00e9lien","raw_affiliation_strings":["Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I922237871"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Tiburzi, Caterina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6651-4811"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151704","display_name":"Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/045dz8764","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151704","https://openalex.org/I875825670"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiburzi, Caterina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151704"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Verbiest, Joris  P.W.","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4088-896X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106165777","display_name":"University of Central Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/036nfer12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Verbiest, Joris  P.W.","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Central Florida"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Central Florida","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Possenti, Andrea","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5902-3731"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Possenti, Andrea","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Susarla, Sai Chaitanya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4332-8201"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susarla, Sai Chaitanya","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Krishnakumar, M.A","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4528-2745"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20121455","display_name":"Bielefeld University","ror":"https://ror.org/02hpadn98","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Krishnakumar, M.A","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bielefeld University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bielefeld University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Shaifullah, Golam Mohiuddin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8452-4834"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66752286","display_name":"University of Milano-Bicocca","ror":"https://ror.org/01ynf4891","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaifullah, Golam Mohiuddin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Antoniadis, John","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4453-3776"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149899117","display_name":"Max Planck Society","ror":"https://ror.org/01hhn8329","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8901234","display_name":"Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas","ror":"https://ror.org/052rphn09","country_code":"GR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8901234"]}],"countries":["DE","GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antoniadis, John","raw_affiliation_strings":["Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas","Max Planck Society"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8901234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max Planck Society","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149899117"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Bagchi, Manjari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8640-8186"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bagchi, Manjari","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Institute of Mathematical Sciences"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Institute of Mathematical Sciences","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Bassa, Cees","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1429-9010"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bassa, Cees","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Caballero, Ricardo Nicolaos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9084-9427"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I231025917","display_name":"Hellenic Open University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kq26x23","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I231025917"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caballero, Ricardo Nicolaos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hellenic Open University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hellenic Open University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I231025917"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Cecconi, Baptiste","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7915-5571"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800004676","display_name":"Observatoire de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/029nkcm90","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2746051580","https://openalex.org/I2800004676"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cecconi, Baptiste","raw_affiliation_strings":["Observatoire de Paris, Universit\u00e9 de Recherche Paris Sciences et Lettres"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Observatoire de Paris, Universit\u00e9 de Recherche Paris Sciences et Lettres","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800004676"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chen, Siyuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3118-5963"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799714274","display_name":"Shanghai Astronomical Observatory","ror":"https://ror.org/003n8re58","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2799714274"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen, Siyuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, CAS"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, CAS","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799714274"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chowdhury, S.","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59611059","display_name":"Institute of Mathematical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05078rg59","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59611059"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chowdhury, S.","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, C. I. T. Campus, Taramani, Chennai 600113, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, C. I. T. Campus, Taramani, Chennai 600113, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59611059"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ciardi, B.","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103661","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/017qcv467","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210103661"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ciardi, B.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str 1, D-85741 Garching, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str 1, D-85741 Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103661"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Cognard, Isma\u00ebl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1775-9692"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149833","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Bretagne Loire","ror":"https://ror.org/04x1a4s97","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149833"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cognard, Isma\u00ebl","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNRS D\u00e9l\u00e9gation Bretagne et Pays de Loire"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNRS D\u00e9l\u00e9gation Bretagne et Pays de Loire","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149833"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Corbel, St\u00e9phane","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5538-5831"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204730241","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/05f82e368","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204730241"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I277688954","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay","ror":"https://ror.org/03xjwb503","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I277688954"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086977","display_name":"Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Mod\u00e9lisation","ror":"https://ror.org/0015h8611","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I204730241","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210086977","https://openalex.org/I4210148025"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128565","display_name":"CEA Paris-Saclay","ror":"https://ror.org/03n15ch10","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Corbel, St\u00e9phane","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9 and Universit\u00e9 Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS, AIM, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9 and Universit\u00e9 Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS, AIM, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I204730241","https://openalex.org/I4210086977","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210128565","https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Desai, S.","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65181880","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/01j4v3x97","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Desai, S.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, IIT Hyderabad, Kandi Telangana 502284, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, IIT Hyderabad, Kandi Telangana 502284, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"DEB, DEBABRATA","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4067-5283"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"DEB, DEBABRATA","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Mathematical Sciences"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Mathematical Sciences","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Girard, Julien N.","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0432-403X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204730241","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/05f82e368","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204730241"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120578","display_name":"Laboratoire d\u2019\u00e9tudes spatiales et d\u2019instrumentation en astrophysique","ror":"https://ror.org/02eptjh02","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I204730241","https://openalex.org/I2746051580","https://openalex.org/I2800004676","https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210120578","https://openalex.org/I4210148025"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Girard, Julien N.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire d'\u00e9tudes spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique","Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d'\u00e9tudes spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120578"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204730241"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Golden, Aaron","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8208-4292"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Golden, Aaron","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Griessmeier, Jean-Mathias","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3362-7996"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12449238","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 d'Orl\u00e9ans","ror":"https://ror.org/014zrew76","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12449238"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Griessmeier, Jean-Mathias","raw_affiliation_strings":["LPC2E - Universit\u00e9 d'Orl\u00e9ans /  CNRS"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LPC2E - Universit\u00e9 d'Orl\u00e9ans /  CNRS","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12449238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Guillemot, Lucas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9049-8716"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guillemot, Lucas","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hoeft, M.","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147535","display_name":"Th\u00fcringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg","ror":"https://ror.org/05jyz4092","country_code":"DE","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147535"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hoeft, M.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Th\u00fcringer Landessternwarte, Sternwarte 5, 07778 Tautenburg, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Th\u00fcringer Landessternwarte, Sternwarte 5, 07778 Tautenburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hu, Huanchen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3407-8071"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158571","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy","ror":"https://ror.org/04jvemc39","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210158571"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hu, Huanchen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158571"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jankowski, Fabian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6658-2811"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jankowski, Fabian","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Janssen, Gemma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3068-3677"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Janssen, Gemma","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Joshi, Bhal Chandra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0863-7781"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joshi, Bhal Chandra","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kala, S.","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59611059","display_name":"Institute of Mathematical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05078rg59","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59611059"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kala, S.","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, C. I. T. Campus, Taramani, Chennai 600113, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, C. I. T. Campus, Taramani, Chennai 600113, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59611059"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Keane, Evan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4553-655X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keane, Evan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trinity College Dublin"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trinity College Dublin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Nobleson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2715-4504"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nobleson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Konovalenko, Alexander","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1949-9625"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Konovalenko, Alexander","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kravtsov, Ihor P.","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2312-3025"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116714","display_name":"Institute of Radio Astronomy","ror":"https://ror.org/020bzqr95","country_code":"UA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149851306","https://openalex.org/I4210116714"]}],"countries":["UA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kravtsov, Ihor P.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Radio Astronomy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Radio Astronomy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116714"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kramer, Michael","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158571","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy","ror":"https://ror.org/04jvemc39","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210158571"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kramer, Michael","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max-Planck-Institut f\u00fcr Radioastronomie, Auf dem H\u00fcgel 69, DE-53121 Bonn, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max-Planck-Institut f\u00fcr Radioastronomie, Auf dem H\u00fcgel 69, DE-53121 Bonn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158571"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Liu, Kuo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2953-7376"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu, Kuo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Parthasarathy, Aditya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4140-5616"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I922237871","display_name":"Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy","ror":"https://ror.org/000k1q888","country_code":"NL","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800991832","https://openalex.org/I4405262988","https://openalex.org/I922237871"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Parthasarathy, Aditya","raw_affiliation_strings":["ASTRON"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ASTRON","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I922237871"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Rana, Prerna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6184-5195"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11947397","display_name":"Tata Institute of Fundamental Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03ht1xw27","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11947397","https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I3149292468"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rana, Prerna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tata Institute of Fundamental Research"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tata Institute of Fundamental Research","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11947397"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Schwarz, Dominik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2413-0881"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20121455","display_name":"Bielefeld University","ror":"https://ror.org/02hpadn98","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Schwarz, Dominik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bielefeld University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bielefeld University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Singha, Jaikhomba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1636-9414"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Singha, Jaikhomba","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Srivastava, Aman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3531-7887"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Srivastava, Aman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Takahashi, Keitaro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3034-5769"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96036126","display_name":"Kumamoto University","ror":"https://ror.org/02cgss904","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96036126"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takahashi, Keitaro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kumamoto University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kumamoto University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96036126"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Tarafdar, P.","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I875825670","display_name":"National Institute for Astrophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/02gh4kt33","country_code":"IT","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I875825670"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tarafdar, P.","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute for Astrophysics"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute for Astrophysics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I875825670"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Thereau, Gilles","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800004676","display_name":"Observatoire de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/029nkcm90","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2746051580","https://openalex.org/I2800004676"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154409","display_name":"Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l\u2019Environnement et de l\u2019Espace","ror":"https://ror.org/049k66y27","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12449238","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2799535048","https://openalex.org/I4210148025","https://openalex.org/I4387154409"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thereau, Gilles","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace","Observatoire Radioastronomique de Nan\u00e7ay"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154409","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Observatoire Radioastronomique de Nan\u00e7ay","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800004676"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ulyanov, Oleg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0934-0952"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116714","display_name":"Institute of Radio Astronomy","ror":"https://ror.org/020bzqr95","country_code":"UA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149851306","https://openalex.org/I4210116714"]}],"countries":["UA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ulyanov, Oleg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Radio Astronomy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Radio Astronomy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116714"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Vocks, Christian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8583-8619"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799713863","display_name":"Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam","ror":"https://ror.org/03mrbr458","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799713863","https://openalex.org/I315704651"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vocks, Christian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799713863"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Wang, Jun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1933-6498"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Jun","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zakharenko, Vyacheslav","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9977-824X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zakharenko, Vyacheslav","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zarka, Philippe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1672-9878"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zarka, Philippe","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":11,"institutions_distinct_count":49,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I875825670"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12496","display_name":"Color perception and design","score":0.5932999849319458,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12496","display_name":"Color perception and design","score":0.5932999849319458,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12694","display_name":"Categorization, perception, and language","score":0.05900000035762787,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11666","display_name":"Color Science and Applications","score":0.03889999911189079,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulsar","display_name":"Pulsar","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.6646999716758728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5764999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.5526999831199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gravitational-wave","display_name":"Gravitational wave","score":0.5078999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.4966999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lofar","display_name":"LOFAR","score":0.4498000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dispersion","display_name":"Dispersion (optics)","score":0.41339999437332153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110363677","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4360","display_name":"Pulsar","level":2,"score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.6780999898910522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.6646999716758728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5764999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.5526999831199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190330329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190035","display_name":"Gravitational wave","level":2,"score":0.5078999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.4966999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780590096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104528246","display_name":"LOFAR","level":3,"score":0.4498000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177562468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182893","display_name":"Dispersion (optics)","level":2,"score":0.41339999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.3409000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.33980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114996537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4854529","display_name":"Colors of noise","level":3,"score":0.3312000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3167000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778940482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7144753","display_name":"Pathfinder","level":2,"score":0.3158000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.3061000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.28790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.2872999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64828349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120200","display_name":"Ephemeris","level":3,"score":0.2870999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138827492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6661985","display_name":"Data processing","level":2,"score":0.28450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160920958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7662746","display_name":"Synthetic data","level":2,"score":0.2768999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29265498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7047719","display_name":"Noise measurement","level":3,"score":0.2761000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175801342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1988917","display_name":"Data analysis","level":2,"score":0.2728999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96566525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7805282","display_name":"Time delay and integration","level":2,"score":0.2632000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.2533000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.2524000108242035}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.16794085","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16794085","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"dataset"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.16794085","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16794085","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"dataset"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Low":[0],"radio-frequency":[1],"data":[2,82,100,182,187],"are":[3,27],"highly":[4],"valuable":[5],"for":[6,46,59,158,263,301,370],"enhancing":[7],"the":[8,48,60,79,85,93,102,127,142,153,159,166,178,184,190,198,202,206,259,295,298,304,307,317,322,330,335,338,345,362,367,381,395,444,450,458,474,483,492,496],"sensitivity":[9,155,386],"of":[10,112,120,134,145,169,180,189,201,219,273,284,297,306,324,373,397,413,449,453,495],"pulsar":[11,207,265],"timing":[12,208],"arrays":[13],"(PTAs)":[14],"to":[15,30,138,151,196,214,244,257,343,377,387,440,480],"propagation":[16],"effects,":[17],"such":[18,406,433],"as":[19,238],"dispersion":[20,235],"measure":[21,236],"(DM)":[22],"variations.":[23],"These":[24],"low-frequency":[25,63,181,326],"observations":[26,64],"particularly":[28],"sensitive":[29],"DM":[31,339,346,493],"fluctuations":[32],"and":[33,68,87,140,147,212,233,246,266,276,303,314,341,347,427,455,457,486],"can":[34],"therefore":[35],"significantly":[36],"improve":[37],"noise":[38,143,217,227,231,261,278,319,349],"characterization":[39],"in":[40,156,177,351,366,380,400,408,420],"PTA":[41,73,154,170],"datasets,":[42],"which":[43,97,164],"is":[44,149,165,174,194,364,416,489],"essential":[45],"detecting":[47],"stochastic":[49,160],"gravitational":[50,161],"wave":[51,162],"background":[52],"(GWB).":[53],"In":[54,328],"this":[55,148,414,438],"work,":[56],"we":[57,223,251,288,359],"incorporate":[58],"first":[61],"time":[62,118],"from":[65,84,101,432,443],"LOFAR":[66,454],"$(100-200\\,\\mathrm{MHz})$":[67],"NenuFAR":[69,456],"$(30-90\\,\\mathrm{MHz})$":[70],"into":[71,183,491],"a":[72,117,175,216,225,253,277,281,291,355,434],"context":[74],"by":[75,391,463],"combining":[76],"them":[77],"with":[78,92,123,240,280,418],"most":[80,352],"recent":[81],"release":[83,188],"European":[86],"Indian":[88],"PTAs":[89],"(in":[90],"particular,":[91,329],"subsample":[94],"labeled":[95,109],"DR2new+,":[96,146],"includes":[98],"only":[99,378],"new":[103,106],"backends).":[104],"This":[105,172],"combined":[107],"dataset,":[108],"DR2low,":[110],"consists":[111],"12":[113],"pulsars":[114],"observed":[115,484],"over":[116],"span":[119],"$\\sim$11":[121],"years,":[122],"radio":[124],"frequencies":[125,248],"spanning":[126],"range":[128],"$30-2500\\,\\mathrm{MHz}$.":[129],"The":[130,310,384,410],"expanded":[131],"frequency":[132,332],"coverage":[133,333],"DR2low":[135,313,392],"enables":[136],"us":[137],"update":[139],"refine":[141],"models":[144],"crucial":[150],"increase":[152],"searching":[157],"background,":[163],"primary":[167],"goal":[168],"observations.":[171],"work":[173],"milestone":[176],"integration":[179],"upcoming":[185],"third":[186],"International":[191],"PTA,":[192],"that":[193,361,473],"posed":[195],"achieve":[197],"5$\\sigma$":[199],"detection":[200],"GWB.":[203],"We":[204,436],"use":[205],"software":[209],"packages":[210],"Libstempo":[211],"Enterprise":[213],"perform":[215,252],"analysis":[218,293,471],"DR2low.":[220],"At":[221],"first,":[222],"apply":[224],"standard":[226,318],"model":[228,255,262,320,357,369,478],"including":[229,325],"red":[230],"(RN)":[232],"time-variable":[234],"(DMv)":[237],"powerlaws,":[239],"Fourier":[241],"components":[242,350],"up":[243],"30":[245],"100":[247],"respectively.":[249],"Secondly,":[250],"fully-Bayesian":[254],"selection":[256],"identify":[258],"favored":[260],"each":[264],"compute":[267],"Bayes":[268],"factors":[269],"across":[270],"all":[271],"combinations":[272],"RN,":[274],"DMv,":[275],"term":[279],"chromatic":[282,299,411],"index":[283,300,412],"4":[285,419],"(CN$_4$).":[286],"Lastly,":[287],"carry":[289],"out":[290,372],"detailed":[292],"on":[294,337],"choice":[296],"CN$_4$":[302,399],"contribution":[305],"solar":[308,445,467,476],"wind.":[309],"comparison":[311],"between":[312],"DR2new+":[315,382],"using":[316],"highlights":[321],"benefits":[323],"data.":[327],"additional":[331],"improves":[334],"constraints":[336],"variations":[340],"helps":[342],"disentangle":[344],"RN":[348,363],"pulsars.":[353],"Through":[354],"Bayesian":[356],"selection,":[358],"find":[360],"required":[365],"final":[368],"ten":[371],"twelve":[374],"pulsars,":[375,402,422],"compared":[376],"five":[379,421],"dataset.":[383],"improved":[385],"plasma":[388],"effects":[389],"provided":[390,462],"also":[393],"favors":[394],"identification":[396],"significant":[398,430],"eight":[401],"while":[403,423],"none":[404],"showed":[405],"evidence":[407],"DR2new+.":[409],"process":[415],"consistent":[417],"two":[424],"(PSRs":[425],"J0030+0451":[426],"J1022+1001)":[428],"show":[429],"deviations":[431],"value.":[435],"attribute":[437],"discrepancy":[439],"unmodeled":[441],"contributions":[442],"wind,":[446],"especially":[447],"because":[448],"high":[451,459],"DM-sensitivity":[452],"observing":[460],"cadence":[461],"these":[464],"datasets":[465],"near":[466],"conjunction.":[468],"A":[469],"dedicated":[470],"confirms":[472],"current":[475],"wind":[477],"fails":[479],"fully":[481],"capture":[482],"delay,":[485],"residual":[487],"power":[488],"absorbed":[490],"component":[494],"model.":[497]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}