{"id":"https://openalex.org/W6911196017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10571711","title":"NLP-TestGen","display_name":"NLP-TestGen","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W6911196017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10571711"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.10571711","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10571711","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Software"},"type":"software","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10571711","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Song, Qunying","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8653-0250"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","display_name":"Lund University","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Song, Qunying","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lund University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8653-0250","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lund University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Anderberg, Rune","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","display_name":"Lund University","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anderberg, Rune","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lund University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lund University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Olsson, Henrik","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","display_name":"Lund University","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olsson, Henrik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lund University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lund University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Runeson, Per","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2795-4851"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","display_name":"Lund University","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Runeson, Per","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lund University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2795-4851","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lund University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":null,"topics":[],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/executable","display_name":"Executable","score":0.7416999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scripting-language","display_name":"Scripting language","score":0.6812999844551086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/python","display_name":"Python (programming language)","score":0.6103000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parsing","display_name":"Parsing","score":0.5891000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/typescript","display_name":"TypeScript","score":0.4422000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/json","display_name":"JSON","score":0.44190001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directory","display_name":"Directory","score":0.42239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphical-user-interface","display_name":"Graphical user interface","score":0.3569999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160145156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778586","display_name":"Executable","level":2,"score":0.7416999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7285000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61423126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187432","display_name":"Scripting language","level":2,"score":0.6812999844551086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519991488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28865","display_name":"Python (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.6103000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186644900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194152","display_name":"Parsing","level":2,"score":0.5891000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.5084999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777869424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q978185","display_name":"TypeScript","level":2,"score":0.4422000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780416260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2063","display_name":"JSON","level":2,"score":0.44190001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777683733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201456","display_name":"Directory","level":2,"score":0.42239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37789001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q782543","display_name":"Graphical user interface","level":2,"score":0.3569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.3425000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544833334","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2005","display_name":"JavaScript","level":2,"score":0.30790001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.3059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.296999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.2897999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.28529998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.27379998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128942645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1568346","display_name":"Test case","level":3,"score":0.2540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.2535000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.2506999969482422}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.10571711","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10571711","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Software"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.10571711","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10571711","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Software"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"NLP-TestGen":[0,126],"is":[1,161,195,210,215,294,313],"a":[2,41,106,131,277,281,286,290,304],"prototype":[3,37],"that":[4,34,219,263],"aims":[5],"to":[6,16,51,84,96,224,237,246,267,275,289,329,393],"explore":[7],"the":[8,35,69,79,86,92,115,122,189,204,216,221,226,239,269,295,300,309,317,343,347,376,390],"feasibility":[9],"of":[10,71,133,206,299,402],"using":[11,121,316],"Natural":[12,421],"Language":[13,422],"Processing":[14],"(NLP)":[15],"extract":[17],"information":[18],"from":[19,62,114,188,251,308,322],"autonomous":[20,30,59],"vehicle":[21,60,406],"disengagement":[22,191,232],"reports":[23],"and":[24,43,91,118,130,172,201,234,244,257,272,325,345,360,469],"generate":[25,247],"executable":[26,98,111],"test":[27,99],"scenarios":[28,100,112,185,380],"for":[29,44,143,183],"vehicles.":[31],"Be":[32],"aware":[33],"current":[36],"serves":[38],"more":[39],"as":[40,148],"proof-of-concept":[42],"demonstration":[45],"purposes;":[46],"thus,":[47],"it's":[48],"still":[49],"subject":[50],"known":[52],"limitations.":[53],"In":[54,478],"brief,":[55],"we":[56,108],"selected":[57,116,190,231],"36":[58],"disengagements":[61,87,117],"on-road":[63],"testing":[64],"in":[65,89,101,163,197,203,303,334,357,389],"2015-2022,":[66],"provided":[67],"by":[68,315],"Department":[70,401],"Motor":[72,403],"Vehicles":[73],"(DMV)":[74],"California":[75,400],"[1].":[76],"We":[77],"employed":[78],"spaCy":[80,222],"NLP":[81,227,240,270,310],"framework":[82,223],"[2]":[83,418],"analyse":[85],"written":[88],"English,":[90],"scenariogeneration":[93],"library":[94],"[3]":[95,435],"produce":[97],"OpenScenario":[102,198],"[4]":[103,199,447],"format.":[104],"As":[105],"result,":[107],"generated":[109,187,314],"17":[110,184],"correctly":[113,186],"verified":[119],"them":[120],"Carla":[123],"simulator":[124],"[5].":[125],"contains":[127,140,180],"two":[128,164,260],"sub-directories":[129],"number":[132],"Python":[134,354],"scripts":[135,262,328],"described":[136],"below.":[137],"roadnetworks/":[138],"directory":[139,179],"description":[141,181,249,332],"files":[142,182,250,333],"5":[144],"different":[145,165],"roads,":[146],"such":[147],"straight":[149],"road,":[150,152],"bending":[151],"intersection,":[153],"or":[154,284],"intersection":[155],"with":[156],"traffic":[157],"lights.":[158],"Each":[159,193],"road":[160,282,291,331],"defined":[162,196],"formats,":[166],"namely":[167],"JSON":[168],"(in":[169,174],".json":[170],"extension)":[171,176],"OpenDrive":[173],".xodr":[175],"[6].":[177],"scenarios/":[178],"descriptions.":[192],"scenario":[194,248,278],"format":[200],"named":[202],"form":[205],"\"scenario[num].xosc\"":[207],"where":[208],"[num]":[209],"an":[211],"auto-incremental":[212],"index.":[213],"main.py":[214,377,391],"main":[217],"script":[218,378,392],"runs":[220],"perform":[225],"pipeline":[228],"components":[229],"on":[230,480],"data,":[233],"calls":[235],"doc_parser.py":[236],"parse":[238,268],"results":[241,271],"(i.e.,":[242],"Docs)":[243],"scenario_generator.py":[245],"them.":[252],"Other":[253],"than":[254],"that,":[255],"token_type.py":[256],"scenario_helper.py":[258],"are":[259,327,381],"supporting":[261,273],"provide":[264],"token":[265],"types":[266],"methods":[274],"create":[276,280,330],"(e.g.,":[279],"user,":[283],"add":[285],"control":[287],"model":[288],"user).":[292],"displacy.html":[293],"visualized":[296],"dependency":[297,319],"graph":[298],"tokens":[301],"(wrapped":[302],"Doc":[305],"object)":[306],"returned":[307],"pipeline.":[311],"It":[312],"built-in":[318],"visualizer":[320],"displaCy":[321],"spaCy.":[323,419],"road_creator.py":[324],"xodrextensions.py":[326],"roadnetworks":[335],"directory.":[336],"Before":[337],"running":[338],"NLP-TestGen,":[339],"please":[340],"follow":[341],"below":[342],"instructions":[344],"install":[346,364,373],"required":[348],"libraries:":[349],"Make":[350],"sure":[351],"you":[352],"have":[353],"3.10":[355],"(used":[356],"this":[358],"project":[359],"recommended)":[361],"installed.":[362],"pip":[363,372],"-r":[365],"requirements.txt":[366],"python":[367],"-m":[368],"spacy":[369],"download":[370],"en_core_web_trf":[371],"https://github.com/explosion/spacy-experimental/releases/download/v0.6.1/en_coreference_web_trf-3.4.0a2-py3-none-any.whl":[374],"Run":[375],"(generated":[379],"stored":[382],"under":[383],"scenario/":[384],"directory)":[385],"[Optional]":[386],"Check":[387],"comments":[388],"enable":[394],"some":[395],"debug":[396],"options":[397],"References":[398],"[1]":[399],"Vehicles.":[404],"Autonomous":[405],"collision":[407],"reports.":[408],"Available":[409,426,438,451,491],"online":[410,427,439,452,492],"at:":[411,428,440,453,493],"https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/vehicle-industry-services/autonomous-vehicles/autonomous-vehicle-collision-reports/":[412],"(last":[413,430,442,455,495],"accessed:":[414,431,443,456,496],"September":[415],"1,":[416],"2023).":[417,434,446,459,499],"Industrial-Strength":[420],"Processing,":[423],"IN":[424],"PYTHON.":[425],"https://spacy.io/":[429],"May":[432,444],"9,":[433,445],"pyoscx.":[436],"scenariogeneration.":[437],"https://github.com/pyoscx/scenariogeneration":[441],"ASAM.":[448,488],"ASAM":[449,489],"OpenSCENARIO.":[450],"https://www.asam.net/standards/detail/openscenario/":[454],"February":[457,497],"17,":[458,498],"[5]":[460],"Dosovitskiy,":[461],"Alexey,":[462],"German":[463],"Ros,":[464],"Felipe":[465],"Codevilla,":[466],"Antonio":[467],"Lopez,":[468],"Vladlen":[470],"Koltun.":[471],"CARLA:":[472],"An":[473],"open":[474],"urban":[475],"driving":[476],"simulator.":[477],"Conference":[479],"robot":[481],"learning,":[482],"pp.":[483],"1-16.":[484],"PMLR,":[485],"2017.":[486],"[6]":[487],"OpenDRIVE.":[490],"https://www.asam.net/standards/detail/opendrive/":[494]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
