{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7136031944","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0014445600004052","title":"Failing on Bias Mitigation: A Case Study on the Challenges of Fairness in Government Data","display_name":"Failing on Bias Mitigation: A Case Study on the Challenges of Fairness in Government Data","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7136031944","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0014445600004052"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5220/0014445600004052","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0014445600004052","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124006094","display_name":"Hongbo Bo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongbo Bo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering Mathematics and Technology, University of Bristol, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering Mathematics and Technology, University of Bristol, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129360365","display_name":"Jingyu Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingyu Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering Mathematics and Technology, University of Bristol, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering Mathematics and Technology, University of Bristol, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124181034","display_name":"Debbie L Watson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Debbie Watson","raw_affiliation_strings":["School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002349071","display_name":"Weiru Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8356-1361"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiru Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering Mathematics and Technology, University of Bristol, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering Mathematics and Technology, University of Bristol, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3446","last_page":"3453"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.4359999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.4359999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10953","display_name":"E-Government and Public Services","score":0.1103999987244606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12943","display_name":"COVID-19 Digital Contact Tracing","score":0.03350000083446503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-policy","display_name":"Public policy","score":0.2874999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.26649999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-collection","display_name":"Data collection","score":0.26510000228881836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5238999724388123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.33820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.33329999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.32420000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.3239000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109986646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546113","display_name":"Public policy","level":2,"score":0.2874999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.2842000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2736000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.26649999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.26510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2603999972343445}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5220/0014445600004052","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0014445600004052","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research-information.bris.ac.uk:openaire/30e88ac5-a7cf-40e2-b891-403d968a0df3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/30e88ac5-a7cf-40e2-b891-403d968a0df3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400895","display_name":"Bristol Research (University of Bristol)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","host_organization_name":"University of Bristol","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Bo, H, Hu, J, Watson, D L & Liu, W 2026, Failing on Bias Mitigation : A Case Study on the Challenges of Fairness in Government Data. in A P Rocha, M Wahde & H J van den Herik (eds), Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence - Volume 4: ICAART. International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence, vol. 4, SciTePress, pp. 3446-3453. https://doi.org/10.5220/0014445600004052","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4167865514755249,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"potential":[1,127],"for":[2,114],"bias":[3,56,99],"and":[4,12,104,124,139,152],"unfairness":[5,130],"in":[6,77,101,118,141,161],"AI-supporting":[7],"government":[8,60,107,122,162],"services":[9],"raises":[10],"ethical":[11],"legal":[13],"concerns.":[14],"Using":[15],"crime":[16],"rate":[17],"prediction":[18],"with":[19,167],"the":[20,70,86,90,96,102,112,115,126],"Bristol":[21],"City":[22],"Council":[23],"data":[24,61,91,123,133,142,163],"as":[25,154],"a":[26,43,50,147,155],"case":[27],"study,":[28],"we":[29],"examine":[30],"how":[31],"these":[32],"issues":[33],"persist.":[34],"Rather":[35],"than":[36],"auditing":[37],"real-world":[38],"deployed":[39],"systems":[40],"or":[41,80],"producing":[42],"generalizable":[44],"benchmark,":[45],"our":[46],"position":[47],"is":[48],"that":[49,69,95,159],"case-based":[51],"investigation":[52],"to":[53,59,85],"understand":[54],"why":[55],"mitigations":[57],"applied":[58],"are":[62],"not":[63,73],"always":[64],"effective.":[65],"Experimental":[66],"analysis":[67],"reveals":[68],"failure":[71],"occurs":[72],"because":[74],"of":[75,89,98,106,129],"flaws":[76],"model":[78],"architecture":[79],"metric":[81],"selection,":[82],"but":[83],"due":[84],"inherent":[87],"properties":[88],"itself,":[92],"further":[93],"reinforcing":[94],"origin":[97],"lies":[100],"structure":[103],"history":[105],"datasets.":[108],"We":[109],"then":[110],"explore":[111],"reasons":[113],"mitigation":[116,169],"failures":[117],"predictive":[119],"models":[120],"on":[121],"highlight":[125],"sources":[128],"posed":[131],"by":[132],"distribution":[134],"shifts,":[135],"accumulated":[136],"historical":[137],"bias,":[138],"delays":[140],"release.":[143],"This":[144],"study":[145],"provides":[146],"crucial":[148],"exi":[149],"stence":[150],"proof":[151],"serves":[153],"critical":[156],"\u2018early":[157],"warning\u2019":[158],"biases":[160],"may":[164],"persist":[165],"even":[166],"standard":[168],"methods.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2026-03-16T00:00:00"}