{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4384210123","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0012090300003552","title":"Trustworthy Decentralized Last-Mile Delivery Framework Using Blockchain","display_name":"Trustworthy Decentralized Last-Mile Delivery Framework Using Blockchain","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4384210123","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0012090300003552"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5220/0012090300003552","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0012090300003552","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Smart Business Technologies","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0012090300003552","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092465604","display_name":"Ala\u2019 Alqaisi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74413500","display_name":"University of Windsor","ror":"https://ror.org/01gw3d370","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ala\u2019 Alqaisi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada, --- Select a Country ---"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada, --- Select a Country ---","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059820577","display_name":"Sherif Saad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5506-5261"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74413500","display_name":"University of Windsor","ror":"https://ror.org/01gw3d370","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sherif Saad","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada, --- Select a Country ---"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada, --- Select a Country ---","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056921549","display_name":"Mohammad Mamun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4045-8687"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159778","display_name":"National Research Council Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/04mte1k06","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159778"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Mamun","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Research Council Canada, New Brunswick, Canada, --- Select a Country ---"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Research Council Canada, New Brunswick, Canada, --- Select a Country ---","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159778"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5092465604"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3214,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55733811,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"54","last_page":"65"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11814","display_name":"Advanced Manufacturing and Logistics Optimization","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12306","display_name":"Urban and Freight Transport Logistics","score":0.9879999756813049,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.9391817450523376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trustworthiness","display_name":"Trustworthiness","score":0.6947199106216431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6392519474029541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/last-mile","display_name":"Last mile (transportation)","score":0.6032986044883728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mile","display_name":"Mile","score":0.5995473861694336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4775189459323883}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.9391817450523376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153701036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659974","display_name":"Trustworthiness","level":2,"score":0.6947199106216431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6392519474029541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45440154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6494801","display_name":"Last mile (transportation)","level":3,"score":0.6032986044883728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186379835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q253276","display_name":"Mile","level":2,"score":0.5995473861694336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4775189459323883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5220/0012090300003552","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0012090300003552","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Smart Business Technologies","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.ca:cistinparc:dbe03d26-b14a-4f47-a966-cb8b4bfa3cba","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://nrc-publications.canada.ca/eng/view/ft/?id=dbe03d26-b14a-4f47-a966-cb8b4bfa3cba","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055245","display_name":"NPARC","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholar.uwindsor.ca:etd-9961","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=9961&amp;amp;context=etd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400430","display_name":"Scholarship at UWindsor (University of Windsor)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I74413500","host_organization_name":"University of Windsor","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Electronic Theses and Dissertations","raw_type":"thesis"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5220/0012090300003552","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0012090300003552","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Smart Business Technologies","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4224920455","https://openalex.org/W2974961843","https://openalex.org/W4387715617","https://openalex.org/W2736109931","https://openalex.org/W2525242198","https://openalex.org/W2075280196","https://openalex.org/W4387147337","https://openalex.org/W2263936574","https://openalex.org/W2997910527","https://openalex.org/W3043199642"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,168,179],"fierce":[1],"competition":[2],"in":[3,96,134],"eCommerce":[4],"is":[5,34,52,161],"a":[6,24,204,212,219],"painful":[7],"headache":[8],"for":[9,58,98,158,203],"logistics":[10],"companies.":[11],"In":[12],"2021,":[13],"Canada":[14],"Post\u2019s":[15],"parcel":[16],"volume":[17],"peaked":[18],"at":[19,47],"361":[20],"million":[21],"units":[22],"with":[23,44],"minimum":[25],"charge":[26,118],"of":[27,38,62,104,126,142,175,226,233],"$10":[28],"per":[29],"each.":[30],"Last-Mile":[31],"Delivery":[32],"(LMD)":[33],"the":[35,39,45,48,53,63,101,135,140,143,172,183,201,227,231,238,249],"final":[36],"leg":[37],"supply":[40,65],"chain":[41,66],"that":[42,107,117,160,216],"ends":[43],"package":[46],"customer\u2019s":[49],"doorstep.":[50],"LMD":[51,105,145,159,176],"most":[54,125],"costly":[55],"process,":[56],"accounting":[57],"more":[59],"than":[60],"50%":[61],"overall":[64],"cost.":[67],"Platforms":[68],"such":[69,207],"as":[70,115,208],"Uber":[71,209],"Eats":[72],"and":[73,80,113,124,151,165,188,194,256],"Amazon":[74],"Flex":[75],"help":[76],"overcome":[77],"this":[78],"inefficiency":[79],"provide":[81],"an":[82],"outstanding":[83],"delivery":[84],"experience":[85],"by":[86,148,210],"enabling":[87],"crowd-shipping":[88,109,146,156],"using":[89],"freelancer":[90],"drivers":[91],"willing":[92],"to":[93,185,236,246],"deliver":[94],"packages":[95],"exchange":[97],"compensation.":[99],"However,":[100],"current":[102],"generation":[103],"platforms":[106,112,147],"leverage":[108],"are":[110,131],"centralized":[111,205],"behave":[114],"intermediaries":[116],"commission":[119],"fees.":[120],"They":[121],"lack":[122],"transparency,":[123],"them,":[127],"if":[128],"not":[129],"all,":[130],"platform":[132,157,170,184],"monopolies":[133],"making.":[136],"This":[137],"paper":[138],"introduces":[139],"design":[141],"next-generation":[144],"leveraging":[149],"Blockchain":[150],"smart":[152],"contracts.":[153],"A":[154],"decentralized":[155,213,251],"scalable,":[162],"reliable,":[163],"secure":[164],"promotes":[166],"fairness.":[167],"proposed":[169,228,250],"connects":[171],"primary":[173],"stakeholders":[174,180],"without":[177],"intermediaries.":[178],"could":[181],"use":[182],"manage":[186],"shipping":[187],"delivery,":[189],"handle":[190],"disputes,":[191],"maintain":[192],"fairness,":[193],"mitigate":[195],"monopoly":[196],"power.":[197],"Our":[198,223],"approach":[199],"replaces":[200],"need":[202],"intermediator":[206],"introducing":[211],"reputation":[214,252],"model":[215,253],"executes":[217],"over":[218],"cryptocurrency-less":[220],"blockchain":[221,234],"network.":[222],"proof-of-concept":[224],"implementation":[225],"framework":[229],"demonstrates":[230],"potential":[232],"technology":[235],"decentralize":[237],"crowd":[239],"economy.":[240],"We":[241],"used":[242],"informal":[243],"security":[244],"analysis":[245],"illustrate":[247],"how":[248],"discourages":[254],"misuse":[255],"encourages":[257],"fairness":[258],"between":[259],"parties.":[260]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-08T15:41:06.802602","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
