{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3215194890","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010844300003116","title":"How Does AI Play Football? An Analysis of RL and Real-world Football Strategies","display_name":"How Does AI Play Football? An Analysis of RL and Real-world Football Strategies","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3215194890","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010844300003116","mag":"3215194890"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5220/0010844300003116","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010844300003116","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608837","display_name":"Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010844300003116","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053778257","display_name":"Atom Scott","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I73613424","display_name":"National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01703db54","country_code":"JP","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I73613424"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Atom Scott","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan, --- Select a Country ---"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan, --- Select a Country ---","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I73613424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025530694","display_name":"Keisuke Fujii","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5487-4297"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keisuke Fujii","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan, --- Select a Country ---"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan, --- Select a Country ---","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031341888","display_name":"Masaki Onishi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4580-4868"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I73613424","display_name":"National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01703db54","country_code":"JP","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I73613424"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masaki Onishi","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan, --- Select a Country ---"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan, --- Select a Country ---","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I73613424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053778257"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I73613424"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.7149,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97114708,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"42","last_page":"52"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11674","display_name":"Sports Analytics and Performance","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11674","display_name":"Sports Analytics and Performance","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9656000137329102,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/football","display_name":"Football","score":0.905839204788208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.7143546938896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7093578577041626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/style","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","score":0.568892776966095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.4729200005531311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-network-analysis","display_name":"Social network analysis","score":0.46037182211875916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.4501707851886749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34416723251342773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.30655544996261597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.19215074181556702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1658327877521515}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778444522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1081491","display_name":"Football","level":2,"score":0.905839204788208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.7143546938896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7093578577041626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776445246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1792644","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","level":2,"score":0.568892776966095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4729200005531311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114713312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7551269","display_name":"Social network analysis","level":3,"score":0.46037182211875916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4501707851886749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34416723251342773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.30655544996261597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.19215074181556702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1658327877521515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5220/0010844300003116","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010844300003116","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608837","display_name":"Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5220/0010844300003116","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010844300003116","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608837","display_name":"Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W587636952","https://openalex.org/W624405928","https://openalex.org/W1527788842","https://openalex.org/W1757796397","https://openalex.org/W1835587747","https://openalex.org/W1948072140","https://openalex.org/W2127412976","https://openalex.org/W2153975459","https://openalex.org/W2154580519","https://openalex.org/W2158782408","https://openalex.org/W2257979135","https://openalex.org/W2304938941","https://openalex.org/W2424852710","https://openalex.org/W2478659557","https://openalex.org/W2584258665","https://openalex.org/W2601465345","https://openalex.org/W2736601468","https://openalex.org/W2766447205","https://openalex.org/W2786036274","https://openalex.org/W2786928559","https://openalex.org/W2809495756","https://openalex.org/W2810421121","https://openalex.org/W2902907165","https://openalex.org/W2949269657","https://openalex.org/W2952095743","https://openalex.org/W2963243556","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W2982316857","https://openalex.org/W2996037775","https://openalex.org/W3007998796","https://openalex.org/W3104053321","https://openalex.org/W3118210634","https://openalex.org/W3120547339","https://openalex.org/W3164631379"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1971660097","https://openalex.org/W2365990048","https://openalex.org/W2015477300","https://openalex.org/W2237606652","https://openalex.org/W2370570388","https://openalex.org/W2353353369","https://openalex.org/W2372339450","https://openalex.org/W4296702788","https://openalex.org/W4210286469"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"advances":[1,140],"in":[2,16,30,38],"reinforcement":[3],"learning":[4],"(RL)":[5],"have":[6],"made":[7],"it":[8],"possible":[9],"to":[10,35,127,145,150],"develop":[11,59],"sophisticated":[12],"agents":[13,25,53,122],"that":[14,32,100,141],"excel":[15],"a":[17,96],"wide":[18],"range":[19],"of":[20,50,70,83,109,119,157],"applications.":[21],"Simulations":[22],"using":[23,87],"such":[24],"can":[26,77],"provide":[27],"valuable":[28],"information":[29],"scenarios":[31],"are":[33,65,103],"difficult":[34],"scientifically":[36],"experiment":[37],"the":[39,47,81,107,120,132,155],"real":[40,71,128],"world.":[41],"In":[42],"this":[43],"paper,":[44],"we":[45,98],"examine":[46],"play-style":[48],"characteristics":[49],"football":[51,72],"RL":[52,121,153],"and":[54,90,112,116],"uncover":[55],"how":[56],"strategies":[57,64],"may":[58,142],"during":[60],"training.":[61],"The":[62],"learnt":[63,79],"then":[66],"compared":[67],"with":[68],"those":[69],"players.":[73],"We":[74,137],"explore":[75],"what":[76],"be":[78,143],"from":[80],"use":[82],"simulated":[84],"environments":[85],"by":[86],"aggregated":[88],"statistics":[89],"social":[91],"network":[92],"analysis":[93,156],"(SNA).":[94],"As":[95],"result,":[97],"found":[99],"(1)":[101],"there":[102],"strong":[104],"correlations":[105],"between":[106],"competitiveness":[108],"an":[110],"agent":[111,133],"various":[113],"SNA":[114],"metrics":[115],"(2)":[117],"aspects":[118],"play":[123],"style":[124],"become":[125],"similar":[126],"world":[129],"footballers":[130],"as":[131],"becomes":[134],"more":[135],"competitive.":[136],"discuss":[138],"further":[139],"necessary":[144,149],"improve":[146],"our":[147],"understanding":[148],"fully":[151],"utilise":[152],"for":[154],"football.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}