{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4214669117","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010816900003123","title":"Experimental Security Analysis of Connected Pacemakers","display_name":"Experimental Security Analysis of Connected Pacemakers","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4214669117","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010816900003123"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5220/0010816900003123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010816900003123","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608833","display_name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010816900003123","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091790961","display_name":"Guillaume Bour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4456-6279"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173888879","display_name":"SINTEF","ror":"https://ror.org/01f677e56","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387930215","display_name":"SINTEF Digital","ror":"https://ror.org/028m52w57","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173888879","https://openalex.org/I4387930215"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guillaume Bour","raw_affiliation_strings":["SINTEF Digital, Strindvegen 4, Trondheim, Norway, --- Select a Country ---"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SINTEF Digital, Strindvegen 4, Trondheim, Norway, --- Select a Country ---","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173888879","https://openalex.org/I4387930215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055327966","display_name":"Marie Elisabeth Gaup Moe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1786-1133"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marie Moe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Security and Communication Technology, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, --- Select a Country ---"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Security and Communication Technology, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, --- Select a Country ---","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031042511","display_name":"Ravishankar Borgaonkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2874-3650"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173888879","display_name":"SINTEF","ror":"https://ror.org/01f677e56","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387930215","display_name":"SINTEF Digital","ror":"https://ror.org/028m52w57","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173888879","https://openalex.org/I4387930215"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ravishankar Borgaonkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["SINTEF Digital, Strindvegen 4, Trondheim, Norway, --- Select a Country ---"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SINTEF Digital, Strindvegen 4, Trondheim, Norway, --- Select a Country ---","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173888879","https://openalex.org/I4387930215"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091790961"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173888879","https://openalex.org/I4387930215"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9602,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65481786,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12495","display_name":"Electrostatic Discharge in Electronics","score":0.9678000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12495","display_name":"Electrostatic Discharge in Electronics","score":0.9678000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.958899974822998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6424434185028076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-analysis","display_name":"Security analysis","score":0.4732147753238678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2893891930580139}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6424434185028076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38369872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445009","display_name":"Security analysis","level":2,"score":0.4732147753238678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2893891930580139}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5220/0010816900003123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010816900003123","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608833","display_name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ntnuopen.ntnu.no:11250/3086648","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3086648","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401716","display_name":"Duo Research Archive (University of Oslo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","host_organization_name":"University of Oslo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"35-45","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart"},{"id":"pmh:oai:sintef.brage.unit.no:11250/3086725","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3086725","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401716","display_name":"Duo Research Archive (University of Oslo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","host_organization_name":"University of Oslo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"35-45","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5220/0010816900003123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010816900003123","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608833","display_name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 15th International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W3017301090","https://openalex.org/W2145902251","https://openalex.org/W2284469959","https://openalex.org/W1965929227","https://openalex.org/W2401944815","https://openalex.org/W1990847884","https://openalex.org/W2113987044"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Medical":[0],"devices":[1,28],"and":[2,21,76,108,142],"their":[3],"connectivity":[4],"capabilities":[5],"are":[6],"providing":[7],"a":[8,30,66,72,92,117,166],"variety":[9],"of":[10,32,59,139],"benefits":[11],"to":[12,40,84,99,135,160,164],"the":[13,41,44,47,56,77,87,96,100,105,132,137,140,146,170],"healthcare":[14,48],"domain,":[15],"including":[16],"remote":[17],"monitoring,":[18],"automated":[19],"alerts,":[20],"improved":[22],"patient":[23,45],"outcomes.":[24],"However,":[25],"these":[26],"medical":[27],"introduce":[29],"range":[31],"new":[33],"potential":[34],"cyber":[35,118],"security":[36,57,119],"risks":[37],"when":[38],"connected":[39,60],"Internet,":[42],"affecting":[43],"or":[46,110],"infrastructure.":[49,79],"In":[50,62],"this":[51,112,155],"paper,":[52],"we":[53,64,124],"systematically":[54],"analyze":[55],"issues":[58],"pacemakers.":[61],"particular,":[63],"use":[65],"black":[67],"box":[68],"testing":[69],"methodology":[70],"against":[71],"commercial":[73],"pacemaker":[74,106],"device":[75,141],"network":[78],"Our":[80],"main":[81],"objective":[82],"is":[83,89,114],"understand":[85],"how":[86,152],"data":[88,113],"sent":[90],"from":[91,116],"bedside":[93,133],"monitor":[94,134],"in":[95,131,154],"patient\u2019s":[97],"home":[98],"backend":[101],"server":[102],"hosted":[103],"by":[104],"manufacturer,":[107],"whether":[109],"not":[111],"protected":[115],"perspective.":[120],"To":[121],"do":[122],"so,":[123],"leveraged":[125,159],"several":[126],"hardware":[127],"related":[128],"vulnerabilities":[129,153],"found":[130],"obtain":[136],"firmware":[138],"then":[143],"reverse":[144],"engineered":[145],"proprietary":[147],"communication":[148],"protocol.":[149],"We":[150],"demonstrate":[151],"protocol":[156],"can":[157],"be":[158],"allow":[161],"an":[162],"attacker":[163],"perform":[165],"man-in-the-middle":[167],"attack":[168],"on":[169],"pacemaker.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}