{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3159287098","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010456802480257","title":"Clustering Techniques to Identify Low-engagement Student Levels","display_name":"Clustering Techniques to Identify Low-engagement Student Levels","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3159287098","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010456802480257","mag":"3159287098"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5220/0010456802480257","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010456802480257","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Computer Supported Education","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010456802480257","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072422050","display_name":"Kamalesh Palani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I104546213","display_name":"National College of Ireland","ror":"https://ror.org/02qzs9336","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I104546213"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kamalesh Palani","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, National College of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland, --- Select a Country ---"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, National College of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland, --- Select a Country ---","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I104546213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005294047","display_name":"Paul Stynes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4725-5698"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I104546213","display_name":"National College of Ireland","ror":"https://ror.org/02qzs9336","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I104546213"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Stynes","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, National College of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland, --- Select a Country ---"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, National College of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland, --- Select a Country ---","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I104546213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037446814","display_name":"Pramod Pathak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5631-2298"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I104546213","display_name":"National College of Ireland","ror":"https://ror.org/02qzs9336","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I104546213"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pramod Pathak","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, National College of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland, --- Select a Country ---"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, National College of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland, --- Select a Country ---","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I104546213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072422050"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I104546213"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8998,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93657725,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"248","last_page":"257"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10162","display_name":"Online and Blended Learning","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.7878738045692444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6086792349815369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3258552551269531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.32096803188323975}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.7878738045692444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6086792349815369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3258552551269531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.32096803188323975}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5220/0010456802480257","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010456802480257","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Computer Supported Education","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:norma.ncirl.ie:4907","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://norma.ncirl.ie/4907/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400345","display_name":"TRAP@NCI (National College of Ireland)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I104546213","host_organization_name":"National College of Ireland","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I104546213"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Book Section"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5220/0010456802480257","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010456802480257","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Computer Supported Education","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4000000059604645,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2130043461","https://openalex.org/W2530322880"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Dropout":[0],"and":[1,103,125,143,177,194],"failure":[2],"rates":[3,30],"are":[4,78],"a":[5,43,114,150],"major":[6],"challenge":[7],"with":[8,28],"online":[9,81,192],"learning.":[10],"Virtual":[11],"Learning":[12,92],"Environments":[13],"(VLE)":[14],"as":[15],"used":[16,64,72,107,186],"in":[17,21,84],"universities":[18],"have":[19],"difficulty":[20],"monitoring":[22],"student":[23,51,191],"engagement":[24,52,123,193],"during":[25,53],"the":[26,54,58,75,85,121,156,163,167,173,200],"courses":[27,105],"increased":[29],"of":[31,37,57,98,116],"students":[32,76,102,169],"dropping":[33],"out.":[34],"The":[35],"aim":[36],"this":[38],"research":[39,129,183],"is":[40,63,106,147],"to":[41,65,73,108,154,187,198],"develop":[42],"data-driven":[44],"clustering":[45,110,137,151],"model":[46,111,165],"aimed":[47],"at":[48],"identifying":[49],"low":[50],"early":[55],"stages":[56],"course":[59],"cycle.":[60],"This":[61,128,182],"approach,":[62],"demonstrate":[66,161],"how":[67],"cluster":[68],"analysis":[69],"can":[70,184],"be":[71,185],"group":[74],"who":[77],"having":[79],"similar":[80],"behaviour":[82],"patterns":[83],"VLEs.":[86],"A":[87],"freely":[88],"accessible":[89],"Open":[90],"University":[91],"Analytics":[93],"(OULA)":[94],"dataset":[95],"that":[96,162],"consists":[97],"more":[99,170],"than":[100,172],"30,000":[101],"7":[104],"build":[109],"based":[112],"on":[113],"set":[115],"unique":[117],"features,":[118],"extracted":[119],"from":[120],"student\u2019s":[122],"platform":[124],"academic":[126],"performance.":[127],"has":[130],"been":[131],"carried":[132],"out":[133],"using":[134,149],"three":[135],"unsupervised":[136],"algorithms,":[138],"namely":[139],"Gaussian":[140],"Mixture,":[141],"Hierarchical":[142],"K-prototype.":[144],"Models":[145],"efficiency":[146],"measured":[148],"evaluation":[152],"metric":[153],"find":[155],"best":[157],"fit":[158],"model.":[159],"Results":[160],"K-Prototype":[164],"clustered":[166],"low-engagement":[168],"accurately":[171],"other":[174],"proposed":[175],"models":[176],"generated":[178],"highly":[179],"partitioned":[180],"clusters.":[181],"help":[188],"instructors":[189],"monitor":[190],"provide":[195],"additional":[196],"supports":[197],"reduce":[199],"dropout":[201],"rate.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-24T08:23:43.765630","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}