{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3109941944","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010221504880494","title":"Upgraded W-Net with Attention Gates and Its Application in Unsupervised 3D Liver Segmentation","display_name":"Upgraded W-Net with Attention Gates and Its Application in Unsupervised 3D Liver Segmentation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3109941944","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010221504880494","mag":"3109941944"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5220/0010221504880494","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010221504880494","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Pattern Recognition Applications and Methods","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010221504880494","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Dhanunjaya Mitta","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95793202","display_name":"Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00ggpsq73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dhanunjaya Mitta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer Science, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany, --- Select a Country ---"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany, --- Select a Country ---","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Soumick Chatterjee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95793202","display_name":"Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00ggpsq73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soumick Chatterjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany, --- Select a Country ---","Data and Knowledge Engineering Group, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany, --- Select a Country ---","Faculty of Computer Science, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany, --- Select a Country ---"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany, --- Select a Country ---","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data and Knowledge Engineering Group, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany, --- Select a Country ---","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany, --- Select a Country ---","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Oliver Speck","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95793202","display_name":"Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00ggpsq73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126587","display_name":"Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03d1zwe41","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126587","https://openalex.org/I95793202"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96578850","display_name":"Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zwmgk08","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I315704651","https://openalex.org/I96578850"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801533059","display_name":"German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043j0f473","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2801533059","https://openalex.org/I4411590659"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oliver Speck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany, --- Select a Country ---","Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany, --- Select a Country ---","German Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Magdeburg, Germany, --- Select a Country ---","Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany, --- Select a Country ---"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany, --- Select a Country ---","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany, --- Select a Country ---","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Magdeburg, Germany, --- Select a Country ---","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801533059"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany, --- Select a Country ---","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96578850"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Andreas N\u00fcrnberger","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95793202","display_name":"Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00ggpsq73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas N\u00fcrnberger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data and Knowledge Engineering Group, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany, --- Select a Country ---","Faculty of Computer Science, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany, --- Select a Country ---"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data and Knowledge Engineering Group, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany, --- Select a Country ---","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany, --- Select a Country ---","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1937,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.45344103,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"488","last_page":"494"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.8223000168800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dice","display_name":"Dice","score":0.7278000116348267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5611000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5267999768257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.507099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale-space-segmentation","display_name":"Scale-space segmentation","score":0.4860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.48330000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.8223000168800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7994999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7361000180244446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22029948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45089","display_name":"Dice","level":2,"score":0.7278000116348267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5611000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5267999768257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.507099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65885262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7429708","display_name":"Scale-space segmentation","level":4,"score":0.4860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.48330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163892561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2613728","display_name":"S\u00f8rensen\u2013Dice coefficient","level":4,"score":0.47859999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.47749999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8038995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152135","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","level":2,"score":0.3808000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25694479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7446278","display_name":"Segmentation-based object categorization","level":5,"score":0.35899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136389625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334384","display_name":"Supervised learning","level":3,"score":0.34860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.32690000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2847000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.26010000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.25769999623298645}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5220/0010221504880494","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010221504880494","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Pattern Recognition Applications and Methods","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2011.10654","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2011.10654","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2011.10654","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5220/0010221504880494","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010221504880494","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Pattern Recognition Applications and Methods","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Segmentation":[0],"of":[1,21,150],"biomedical":[2],"images":[3],"can":[4,31,86],"assist":[5],"radiologists":[6],"to":[7,73,89,94,104,135],"make":[8],"a":[9,33,77,132,147],"better":[10],"diagnosis":[11],"and":[12,45,80,119],"take":[13],"decisions":[14],"faster":[15],"by":[16],"helping":[17],"in":[18,97],"the":[19,55,98,105,111,121,137,153],"detection":[20],"abnormalities,":[22],"such":[23,83],"as":[24,131],"tumors.":[25],"Manual":[26],"or":[27],"semi-automated":[28],"segmentation,":[29,67],"however,":[30],"be":[32,58,87],"time-consuming":[34],"task.":[35],"Most":[36],"deep":[37,61],"learning":[38,62],"based":[39,63],"automated":[40,66],"segmentation":[41,99,112,155],"methods":[42],"are":[43],"supervised":[44],"rely":[46],"on":[47],"manually":[48],"segmented":[49],"ground-truth.":[50],"A":[51],"possible":[52],"solution":[53],"for":[54,65,110,120,152],"problem":[56],"would":[57],"an":[59],"unsupervised":[60],"approach":[64],"which":[68],"this":[69],"research":[70],"work":[71],"tries":[72],"address.":[74],"We":[75],"use":[76],"W-Net":[78],"architecture":[79],"modified":[81],"it,":[82],"that":[84],"it":[85],"applied":[88],"3D":[90],"volumes.":[91],"In":[92],"addition,":[93],"suppress":[95],"noise":[96],"we":[100],"added":[101],"attention":[102],"gates":[103],"skip":[106],"connections.":[107],"The":[108,139],"loss":[109],"output":[113,123],"was":[114],"calculated":[115],"using":[116,124],"soft":[117],"N-Cuts":[118],"reconstruction":[122],"SSIM.":[125],"Conditional":[126],"Random":[127],"Fields":[128],"were":[129],"used":[130],"post-processing":[133],"step":[134],"fine-tune":[136],"results.":[138],"proposed":[140],"method":[141],"has":[142],"shown":[143],"promising":[144],"results,":[145],"with":[146],"dice":[148],"coefficient":[149],"0.88":[151],"liver":[154],"compared":[156],"against":[157],"manual":[158],"segmentation.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2020-12-07T00:00:00"}