{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2921462433","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0007580904810491","title":"Inter-observer Reliability in Computer-aided Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy","display_name":"Inter-observer Reliability in Computer-aided Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2921462433","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0007580904810491","mag":"2921462433"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5220/0007580904810491","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0007580904810491","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0007580904810491","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062741503","display_name":"Jo\u00e3o Gon\u00e7alves","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8341-8167"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157425","display_name":"Fraunhofer Portugal Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05eqk2j25","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157425","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jo\u00e3o Gon\u00e7alves","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Portugal AICOS, Rua Alfredo Allen 455/461, 4200-135 Porto and Portugal, --- Select a Country ---"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Portugal AICOS, Rua Alfredo Allen 455/461, 4200-135 Porto and Portugal, --- Select a Country ---","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157425"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025659157","display_name":"Teresa Concei\u00e7\u00e3o","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157425","display_name":"Fraunhofer Portugal Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05eqk2j25","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157425","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Teresa Concei\u00e7\u00e3o","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Portugal AICOS, Rua Alfredo Allen 455/461, 4200-135 Porto and Portugal, --- Select a Country ---"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Portugal AICOS, Rua Alfredo Allen 455/461, 4200-135 Porto and Portugal, --- Select a Country ---","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157425"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035437254","display_name":"Filipe Soares","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2881-313X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157425","display_name":"Fraunhofer Portugal Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05eqk2j25","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157425","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Filipe Soares","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Portugal AICOS, Rua Alfredo Allen 455/461, 4200-135 Porto and Portugal, --- Select a Country ---"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Portugal AICOS, Rua Alfredo Allen 455/461, 4200-135 Porto and Portugal, --- Select a Country ---","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157425"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062741503"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157425"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8467,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73845816,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"481","last_page":"491"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.984000027179718,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.9815000295639038,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"Interpretability","score":0.9673863649368286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7246025800704956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6645318269729614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.6208717226982117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetic-retinopathy","display_name":"Diabetic retinopathy","score":0.5794603824615479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale-invariant-feature-transform","display_name":"Scale-invariant feature transform","score":0.5772165656089783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blindness","display_name":"Blindness","score":0.5523112416267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.5398790836334229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4865669310092926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4412972331047058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3850027024745941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optometry","display_name":"Optometry","score":0.13013210892677307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.11078467965126038}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.9673863649368286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7246025800704956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6645318269729614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6208717226982117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779829184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631361","display_name":"Diabetic retinopathy","level":3,"score":0.5794603824615479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61265191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q767770","display_name":"Scale-invariant feature transform","level":3,"score":0.5772165656089783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780929884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q737460","display_name":"Blindness","level":2,"score":0.5523112416267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.5398790836334229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4865669310092926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4412972331047058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3850027024745941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119767625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618211","display_name":"Optometry","level":1,"score":0.13013210892677307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.11078467965126038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5220/0007580904810491","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0007580904810491","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5220/0007580904810491","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0007580904810491","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4237698013","https://openalex.org/W4249730947","https://openalex.org/W2401657978","https://openalex.org/W4220767796","https://openalex.org/W2042797887","https://openalex.org/W3046286921","https://openalex.org/W4388065772","https://openalex.org/W2049930962","https://openalex.org/W2184730658","https://openalex.org/W2005103005"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,115],"rapid":[1],"growth":[2],"of":[3,42,46,65,72,112,136,144],"digital":[4],"data":[5],"in":[6,26,53,83,92,130],"healthcare":[7],"demands":[8],"medical":[9],"image":[10],"analysis":[11],"to":[12,61],"be":[13,50],"faster,":[14],"precise":[15],"and,":[16],"at\nthe":[17],"same":[18],"time,":[19],"decentralized.":[20],"Deep":[21],"Learning":[22],"(DL)":[23],"fits":[24],"well":[25],"this":[27,57],"scenario,":[28],"as":[29],"there":[30],"is":[31,40],"an":[32],"enormous":[33],"data\nto":[34],"sift":[35],"through.":[36],"Diabetic":[37],"Retinopathy":[38],"(DR)":[39],"one":[41],"the":[43,63,70,84,123,127,142,147],"leading":[44],"causes":[45],"blindness":[47],"that":[48,81,118],"can":[49],"avoided":[51],"if\ndetected":[52],"early":[54],"stages.":[55],"In":[56,138],"paper,":[58],"we":[59],"aim":[60],"compare":[62],"agreement":[64,90],"different":[66,93],"machine":[67],"learning":[68],"models\nagainst":[69],"performance":[71,128],"highly":[73],"trained":[74],"ophthalmologists":[75],"(human":[76],"graders).":[77],"Overall":[78],"results":[79,116],"show":[80,117],"transfer\nlearning":[82],"renowned":[85],"CNNs":[86],"has":[87],"a":[88],"strong":[89],"even":[91],"datasets.":[94],"This":[95],"work":[96],"also":[97],"presents":[98],"an\nobjective":[99],"comparison":[100],"between":[101],"classical":[102],"feature-based":[103],"approaches":[104],"and":[105],"DL":[106],"for":[107],"DR":[108],"classification,":[109],"specifically,\nthe":[110],"interpretability":[111],"these":[113],"approaches.":[114],"Inception-V3":[119],"CNN":[120],"was":[121],"indeed":[122],"best-tested\nmodel":[124],"across":[125],"all":[126],"metrics":[129],"distinct":[131],"datasets,":[132],"but":[133],"with":[134],"lack":[135],"interpretability.":[137],"particular,\nthis":[139],"model":[140],"reaches":[141],"accuracy":[143],"89%":[145],"on":[146],"EyePACS":[148],"dataset.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
