{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2601818489","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0006135103110318","title":"Parking Space Occupancy Verification - Improving Robustness using a Convolutional Neural Network","display_name":"Parking Space Occupancy Verification - Improving Robustness using a Convolutional Neural Network","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2601818489","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0006135103110318","mag":"2601818489"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5220/0006135103110318","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0006135103110318","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0006135103110318","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100535999","display_name":"Troels H. P. Jensen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Troels H. P. Jensen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aalborg University, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aalborg University, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110483630","display_name":"Helge T. Schmidt","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Helge T. Schmidt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aalborg University, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aalborg University, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5098341023","display_name":"Niels D. Bodin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Niels D. Bodin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aalborg University, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aalborg University, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041199606","display_name":"Kamal Nasrollahi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1953-0429"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kamal Nasrollahi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aalborg University, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aalborg University, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022176859","display_name":"Thomas B. Moeslund","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7584-5209"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas B. Moeslund","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aalborg University, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aalborg University, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9435,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76501186,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"311","last_page":"318"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12546","display_name":"Smart Parking Systems Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12546","display_name":"Smart Parking Systems Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupancy","display_name":"Occupancy","score":0.8479028344154358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.8015228509902954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7373855113983154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7088930010795593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4394224286079407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12002229690551758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architectural-engineering","display_name":"Architectural engineering","score":0.07302901148796082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160331591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7075743","display_name":"Occupancy","level":2,"score":0.8479028344154358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.8015228509902954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7373855113983154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7088930010795593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4394224286079407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12002229690551758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.07302901148796082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5220/0006135103110318","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0006135103110318","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/5c28bcf2-a1af-4f06-aea2-19b75a96216d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/5c28bcf2-a1af-4f06-aea2-19b75a96216d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401731","display_name":"VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","host_organization_name":"Aalborg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Jensen, T H P, Schmidt, H T, Bodin, N D, Nasrollahi, K & Moeslund, T B 2018, Parking Space Verification : Improving Robustness Using A Convolutional Neural Network. in Proceedings of the 12th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications. vol. 5, SciTePress, pp. 311-318, International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications, Porto, Portugal, 27/02/2017. https://doi.org/10.5220/0006135103110318","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5220/0006135103110318","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0006135103110318","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.5099999904632568,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1656228339","https://openalex.org/W1931586984","https://openalex.org/W2085292200","https://openalex.org/W2117539524","https://openalex.org/W2129388261","https://openalex.org/W2154987621","https://openalex.org/W2156163116","https://openalex.org/W2156387975","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2171196813","https://openalex.org/W2195818062","https://openalex.org/W2225140558","https://openalex.org/W2246481854","https://openalex.org/W2350158194","https://openalex.org/W2384495648","https://openalex.org/W2405651233","https://openalex.org/W2476650709","https://openalex.org/W2486054460","https://openalex.org/W2515247129","https://openalex.org/W2962716149"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4282043467","https://openalex.org/W2105697914","https://openalex.org/W2202433167","https://openalex.org/W3093197249","https://openalex.org/W1540010871","https://openalex.org/W3023979140","https://openalex.org/W3177545769"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,8,22,40,90,98,110],"number":[2],"of":[3,10,24,56,70,103],"privately":[4],"owned":[5],"cars":[6],"increasing,":[7],"issue":[9],"locating":[11],"an":[12,101],"available":[13],"parking":[14,26,36,60,75,113],"space":[15,61],"becomes":[16],"apparant.":[17],"This":[18],"paper":[19,41],"deals":[20],"with":[21,100],"verification":[23],"vacant":[25],"spaces,":[27],"by":[28],"using":[29],"a":[30,43,49,59],"vision":[31],"based":[32,47],"system":[33,93],"looking":[34],"over":[35],"areas.":[37],"In":[38],"particular":[39],"proposes":[42],"binary":[44],"classifier":[45],"system,":[46],"on":[48,97],"Convolutional":[50],"Neural":[51],"Network,":[52],"that":[53],"is":[54,62,107],"capable":[55],"determining":[57],"if":[58],"occupied":[63],"or":[64],"not.":[65],"A":[66],"benchmark":[67],"database":[68,99],"consisting":[69],"images":[71],"captured":[72],"from":[73],"different":[74,78],"areas,":[76],"under":[77],"weather":[79,116],"and":[80,88,106,115],"illumination":[81],"conditions,":[82],"has":[83],"been":[84],"used":[85],"to":[86,109],"train":[87],"test":[89],"system.":[91],"The":[92],"shows":[94],"promising":[95],"performance":[96],"accuracy":[102],"99.71%":[104],"overall":[105],"robust":[108],"variations":[111],"in":[112],"areas":[114],"conditions.":[117]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}