{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1999064608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0005131003350341","title":"Semantic Annotation of UMLS using Conditional Random Fields","display_name":"Semantic Annotation of UMLS using Conditional Random Fields","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1999064608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0005131003350341","mag":"1999064608"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5220/0005131003350341","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0005131003350341","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Information Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0005131003350341","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056560977","display_name":"Shahad Kudama","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10902133","display_name":"Universitat Jaume I","ror":"https://ror.org/02ws1xc11","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10902133"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahad Kudama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitat Jaume I, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitat Jaume I, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10902133"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063246198","display_name":"Rafael Berlanga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9155-269X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10902133","display_name":"Universitat Jaume I","ror":"https://ror.org/02ws1xc11","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10902133"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rafael Berlanga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitat Jaume I, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitat Jaume I, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10902133"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.07051778,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"335","last_page":"341"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unified-medical-language-system","display_name":"Unified Medical Language System","score":0.9851997494697571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7689502835273743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.7350839376449585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conditional-random-field","display_name":"Conditional random field","score":0.6184033155441284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.6163607239723206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5891146659851074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5857871770858765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5657458305358887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.5338417887687683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.5093733072280884}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69505689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q455338","display_name":"Unified Medical Language System","level":2,"score":0.9851997494697571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7689502835273743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.7350839376449585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152565575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124538","display_name":"Conditional random field","level":2,"score":0.6184033155441284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.6163607239723206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5891146659851074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5857871770858765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5657458305358887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5338417887687683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5093733072280884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5220/0005131003350341","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0005131003350341","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Information Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5220/0005131003350341","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0005131003350341","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Information Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.75}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2115871101","https://openalex.org/W2141099517","https://openalex.org/W2147880316","https://openalex.org/W2151296343","https://openalex.org/W2156515921"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W79619734","https://openalex.org/W2010487328","https://openalex.org/W2340589664","https://openalex.org/W4281750475","https://openalex.org/W3087321790","https://openalex.org/W186091728","https://openalex.org/W2939811865","https://openalex.org/W2515426378","https://openalex.org/W2079870641","https://openalex.org/W4389523750"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"work,":[2],"we":[3],"present":[4],"a":[5],"first":[6],"approximation":[7],"to":[8,34],"the":[9,21,38,50,65,77,89,93,102],"semantic":[10,40,80],"annotation":[11],"of":[12,23,53,55,79,104],"Unified":[13],"Medical":[14],"Language\r\n\r\nSystem":[15],"(UMLS\u00ae)":[16],"concept":[17],"descriptions":[18],"based":[19],"on":[20,76],"extraction":[22],"relevant":[24],"linguistic":[25],"features":[26],"and":[27,73],"its":[28],"use":[29],"in\r\n\r\nconditional":[30],"random":[31],"fields":[32],"(CRF)":[33],"classify":[35],"them":[36],"at":[37],"different":[39],"groups":[41,97],"provided":[42,82],"by":[43,87],"UMLS.\r\n\r\nExperiments":[44],"have":[45],"been":[46],"carried":[47],"out":[48],"over":[49],"whole":[51],"set":[52],"concepts":[54],"UMLS":[56],"(more":[57],"than":[58],"1":[59],"million).":[60],"The\r\n\r\nprecision":[61],"scores":[62],"obtained":[63],"in":[64,95,101],"global":[66],"system":[67],"evaluation":[68],"are":[69],"high,":[70],"between":[71],"70%":[72],"80%":[74],"approximately,\r\n\r\ndepending":[75],"percentage":[78],"information":[81],"as":[83],"input.":[84],"Regarding":[85],"results":[86],"semantic\r\n\r\ngroup,":[88],"precision":[90],"even":[91],"reaches":[92],"100%":[94],"those":[96],"with":[98],"highest":[99],"representation":[100],"selected\r\n\r\ndescriptions":[103],"UMLS.":[105]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}