{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4282047029","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/agile-giss-3-38-2022","title":"Classifying Urban Green Spaces using a combined Sentinel-2 and Random Forest approach","display_name":"Classifying Urban Green Spaces using a combined Sentinel-2 and Random Forest approach","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4282047029","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/agile-giss-3-38-2022"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5194/agile-giss-3-38-2022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/agile-giss-3-38-2022","pdf_url":"https://agile-giss.copernicus.org/articles/3/38/2022/agile-giss-3-38-2022.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210203054","display_name":"AGILE GIScience Series","issn_l":"2700-8150","issn":["2700-8150"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AGILE: GIScience Series","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://agile-giss.copernicus.org/articles/3/38/2022/agile-giss-3-38-2022.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039911588","display_name":"Irada Ismayilova","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179225836","display_name":"University of Augsburg","ror":"https://ror.org/03p14d497","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179225836"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Irada Ismayilova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geoinformatics Group, Institute of Geography, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geoinformatics Group, Institute of Geography, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179225836"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061717403","display_name":"Sabine Timpf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7964-4110"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179225836","display_name":"University of Augsburg","ror":"https://ror.org/03p14d497","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179225836"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sabine Timpf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geoinformatics Group, Institute of Geography, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geoinformatics Group, Institute of Geography, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179225836"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039911588"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179225836"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1292,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75766999,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9869999885559082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homogeneous","display_name":"Homogeneous","score":0.6663413643836975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6232102513313293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseline","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","score":0.5854828357696533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5836268067359924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.5741527676582336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.46511274576187134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.46473124623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3987838923931122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-resource-management","display_name":"Environmental resource management","score":0.36608409881591797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.3428003191947937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.32350844144821167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.284576416015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.25545936822891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1284482479095459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.12504243850708008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.0810457170009613}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66882249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169336","display_name":"Homogeneous","level":2,"score":0.6663413643836975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6232102513313293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.5854828357696533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5836268067359924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.5741527676582336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.46511274576187134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.46473124623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3987838923931122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.36608409881591797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3428003191947937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.32350844144821167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.284576416015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.25545936822891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1284482479095459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.12504243850708008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0810457170009613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5194/agile-giss-3-38-2022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/agile-giss-3-38-2022","pdf_url":"https://agile-giss.copernicus.org/articles/3/38/2022/agile-giss-3-38-2022.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210203054","display_name":"AGILE GIScience Series","issn_l":"2700-8150","issn":["2700-8150"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AGILE: GIScience Series","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:uni-augsburg.opus-bayern.de:108609","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://opus.bibliothek.uni-augsburg.de/opus4/frontdoor/index/index/docId/108609","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400930","display_name":"OPUS (Augsburg University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I119916105","host_organization_name":"Augsburg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119916105"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"doc-type:article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5194/agile-giss-3-38-2022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/agile-giss-3-38-2022","pdf_url":"https://agile-giss.copernicus.org/articles/3/38/2022/agile-giss-3-38-2022.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210203054","display_name":"AGILE GIScience Series","issn_l":"2700-8150","issn":["2700-8150"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AGILE: GIScience Series","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.5400000214576721}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4282047029.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4282047029.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1565635109","https://openalex.org/W1964217023","https://openalex.org/W1978617972","https://openalex.org/W2012385009","https://openalex.org/W2066416082","https://openalex.org/W2125397877","https://openalex.org/W2559140793","https://openalex.org/W2895171029","https://openalex.org/W2898475419","https://openalex.org/W2914272072","https://openalex.org/W2943550631","https://openalex.org/W2969945043","https://openalex.org/W2996331621","https://openalex.org/W3014372673","https://openalex.org/W3045585619","https://openalex.org/W3121688804","https://openalex.org/W3136223535","https://openalex.org/W3155214372","https://openalex.org/W3165845364","https://openalex.org/W3167661945","https://openalex.org/W3200020991","https://openalex.org/W4249940406"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2383111961","https://openalex.org/W2365952365","https://openalex.org/W2352448290","https://openalex.org/W2380820513","https://openalex.org/W2913146933","https://openalex.org/W2372385138","https://openalex.org/W4296359239","https://openalex.org/W1557905920","https://openalex.org/W2043093291","https://openalex.org/W2101155126"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract.":[0],"Environmental":[1],"and":[2,66,123,139],"human":[3],"benefits":[4],"of":[5,20,32,41,50,77,97,128],"Urban":[6],"Green":[7],"Spaces":[8],"(UGSs)":[9],"have":[10],"been":[11],"known":[12],"for":[13,59,63,137],"a":[14,21,39,45,99,116,124,134],"long":[15],"time.":[16],"However,":[17],"the":[18,30,51,75,129],"definition":[19],"reasonable":[22],"greening":[23],"strategy":[24],"still":[25],"remains":[26],"challenging":[27],"due":[28],"to":[29,86,108,111],"lack":[31,40],"sufficient":[33],"baseline":[34],"information":[35],"as":[36,38,90],"well":[37,91],"consensus":[42],"what":[43],"constitutes":[44],"UGS.":[46],"Therefore,":[47],"accurate":[48],"identification":[49],"existing":[52],"green":[53],"spaces":[54],"in":[55],"cities":[56],"is":[57,106],"crucial":[58],"developing":[60],"UGS":[61],"inventories":[62],"urban":[64],"planning":[65],"resource":[67],"management":[68],"activities.":[69],"In":[70],"this":[71],"paper":[72],"we":[73],"explore":[74],"potential":[76],"freely":[78],"available":[79,121],"highest":[80],"resolution":[81],"multi-spectral":[82],"remote":[83],"sensing":[84],"imagery":[85,105],"identify":[87,112],"large":[88],"homogeneous":[89],"small":[92],"heterogeneous":[93],"UGSs.":[94],"The":[95],"approach":[96,131],"using":[98],"Random":[100],"Forest":[101],"classification":[102],"on":[103],"Sentinel-2":[104],"shown":[107],"be":[109],"useful":[110],"various":[113],"UGSs":[114],"with":[115],"97":[117],"%":[118],"accuracy.":[119],"Freely":[120],"data":[122],"relatively":[125],"straightforward":[126],"implementation":[127],"proposed":[130],"makes":[132],"it":[133],"valuable":[135],"tool":[136],"decision":[138],"policy":[140],"makers.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-07T16:01:11.037858","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
