{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1533858429","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5075/epfl-thesis-4466","title":"Simulating interactions with virtual characters for the treatment of social phobia","display_name":"Simulating interactions with virtual characters for the treatment of social phobia","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1533858429","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5075/epfl-thesis-4466","mag":"1533858429"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.tind.io:138659","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/138659","pdf_url":"https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/138659/files/EPFL_TH4466.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/138659","raw_type":"Text"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/138659/files/EPFL_TH4466.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022204019","display_name":"Helena Grillon","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Grillon, Helena","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022204019"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11687","display_name":"Teleoperation and Haptic Systems","score":0.9348000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11408","display_name":"Advanced Optical Imaging Technologies","score":0.9211000204086304,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phobias","display_name":"Phobias","score":0.9006682634353638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crowds","display_name":"Crowds","score":0.7189151644706726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality-exposure-therapy","display_name":"Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy","score":0.6225214004516602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.5654786825180054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5544542074203491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.5352872610092163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5236494541168213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaze","display_name":"Gaze","score":0.46746826171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.42263007164001465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agoraphobia","display_name":"Agoraphobia","score":0.41827523708343506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3325008749961853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2958289682865143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.18684878945350647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anxiety","display_name":"Anxiety","score":0.09735020995140076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anxiety-disorder","display_name":"Anxiety disorder","score":0.09400063753128052}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777127095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175854","display_name":"Phobias","level":3,"score":0.9006682634353638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777852691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13430821","display_name":"Crowds","level":2,"score":0.7189151644706726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910959060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3527308","display_name":"Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy","level":3,"score":0.6225214004516602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.5654786825180054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5544542074203491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5352872610092163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5236494541168213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779916870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14467155","display_name":"Gaze","level":2,"score":0.46746826171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.42263007164001465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778678127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174589","display_name":"Agoraphobia","level":4,"score":0.41827523708343506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3325008749961853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2958289682865143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.18684878945350647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.09735020995140076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776317618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q544006","display_name":"Anxiety disorder","level":3,"score":0.09400063753128052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.tind.io:138659","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/138659","pdf_url":"https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/138659/files/EPFL_TH4466.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/138659","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"doi:10.5075/epfl-thesis-4466","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5075/epfl-thesis-4466","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400488","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"thesis"},{"id":"mag:1533858429","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/138659","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.tind.io:138659","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/138659","pdf_url":"https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/138659/files/EPFL_TH4466.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/138659","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.4699999988079071,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1533858429.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2085080819","https://openalex.org/W2314427365","https://openalex.org/W2901862856","https://openalex.org/W3024596292","https://openalex.org/W3088689752","https://openalex.org/W2062028615","https://openalex.org/W3013966530","https://openalex.org/W2940960057","https://openalex.org/W3194581293","https://openalex.org/W2160604019","https://openalex.org/W2105358024","https://openalex.org/W3109070777","https://openalex.org/W3009756843","https://openalex.org/W3126217839","https://openalex.org/W2982151142","https://openalex.org/W2889377150","https://openalex.org/W2499046483","https://openalex.org/W2910419646","https://openalex.org/W3080322109","https://openalex.org/W3089546934"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Virtual":[0,75],"Reality":[1,76],"(VR)":[2],"has":[3,80],"nowadays":[4],"become":[5],"a":[6,36,50,134,183,195,247,259,267,305,370,375,448,485,511,524,530,535],"very":[7],"useful":[8],"tool":[9,486,528],"for":[10,35,49,72,164,179,199,239,276,296,338,351,413,452],"therapists":[11],"in":[12,29,85,113,147,258,274,304,326,374,402,415,434,447,465,501,518,552,570],"the":[13,20,54,62,86,94,172,207,229,277,282,286,297,301,314,321,327,387,392,403,416,453,480,545,553,561,571],"treatment":[14,454],"of":[15,22,88,96,136,149,166,241,246,266,329,335,346,418,425,444,455,482,547,555,573],"phobias.":[16],"Indeed,":[17,107],"it":[18,47,118,120,264],"allows":[19,34,48,178,198,213,295],"simulation":[21,57],"scenarios":[23,163],"which":[24,140,177,197,519],"are":[25,101,111,499],"difficult":[26],"to":[27,38,82,104,123,144,202,215,234,280,290,299,319,349,354,367,436,467,487,543,566],"reproduce":[28],"real":[30],"life.":[31],"It":[32,67,212],"also":[33,69,360,462,539],"situation":[37],"be":[39,59,70,83,145,291,510],"repeated":[40],"as":[41,43,91,108,484,523],"much":[42,102,121],"one":[44],"wants.":[45],"Moreover,":[46],"complete":[51],"control":[52,536],"over":[53],"situation.":[55],"The":[56,378,422],"can":[58,68,508],"stopped":[60],"if":[61],"patient":[63],"cannot":[64],"handle":[65],"it.":[66],"tweaked":[71],"gradual":[73],"exposure.":[74],"Exposure":[77],"Therapy":[78],"(VRET)":[79],"proven":[81],"efficient":[84],"context":[87,554,572],"phobias":[89],"such":[90,505],"acrophobia":[92],"or":[93,397],"fear":[95],"flying.":[97],"Social":[98],"phobia,":[99],"however,":[100],"harder":[103,122],"deal":[105],"with.":[106],"humans,":[109],"we":[110,132,141,160,174,190,231,316,323,431,461,520,559,563],"experts":[112],"human":[114,308],"representations":[115],"and":[116,126,138,152,185,193,222,253,307,332,363,410,474,490,526,533],"behaviors;":[117],"makes":[119],"obtain":[124,407],"credible":[125],"immersive":[127,409],"environments.":[128],"In":[129,188,458],"this":[130,333,426,459],"thesis,":[131],"describe":[133,158,228,313,515,540,560],"set":[135],"tools":[137],"applications":[139],"have":[142,175,191,232,317,324,432,564],"developed":[143,176,318],"used":[146],"VRET":[148,165,414],"social":[150,167,330,456,492,556],"phobia":[151,331],"agoraphobia":[153,419,574],"with":[154,420,575],"crowds.":[155,421,576],"We":[156,169,226,311,341,359,405,477,514,538],"first":[157,441],"how":[159],"create":[161],"different":[162],"phobia.":[168,457,493,557],"then":[170,227,312,381,478],"expose":[171],"application":[173,569],"elaborate":[180],"interactions":[181],"between":[182],"user":[184,371,393],"virtual":[186,200,242,256,278,379],"characters.":[187,243,340],"particular,":[189],"designed":[192],"implemented":[194,233],"software":[196],"characters":[201,279,298,353,380,401],"change":[203],"behavior":[204],"depending":[205],"on":[206,529,534],"user's":[208],"eye":[209,469,495],"contact":[210,470,496],"behavior.":[211],"them":[214],"seem":[216],"interested":[217],"when":[218,224,254],"being":[219],"looked":[220,292],"at":[221,356,386,390,399],"distracted":[223],"not.":[225],"model":[230,334,345],"simulate":[235],"gaze":[236,269],"attention":[237,336],"behaviors":[238,337,348,472,498],"crowds":[240],"This":[244,294],"consists":[245,265,443],"method":[248],"that":[249],"automatically":[250,287],"detects":[251],"where":[252,369],"each":[255,357],"character":[257],"crowd":[260,339,352],"should":[261],"look.":[262],"Secondly,":[263],"dedicated":[268],"Inverse":[270],"Kinematics":[271],"(IK)":[272],"solver":[273],"order":[275,435,466],"satisfy":[281],"constraints":[283],"defined":[284],"by":[285,383],"detected":[288],"points":[289],"at.":[293],"perform":[300],"looking":[302,347,373,385,389,395,398],"motion":[303,365],"natural":[306],"like":[309],"way.":[310],"architecture":[315],"combine":[320],"work":[322],"done":[325],"domain":[328,417],"thus":[342,406],"use":[343,361,463,481],"our":[344,438,548,568],"allow":[350],"look":[355],"other.":[358],"eye-tracking":[362,464,483,507,522],"optical":[364],"capture":[366],"determine":[368],"is":[372,394],"CAVE":[376],"environment.":[377],"respond":[382],"either":[384],"user,":[388],"what":[391],"at,":[396],"other":[400],"crowd.":[404],"an":[408,516,541],"interactive":[411],"environment":[412],"third":[423],"part":[424],"thesis":[427],"describes":[428],"various":[429],"experiments":[430],"conducted":[433,565],"validate":[437],"applications.":[439],"Our":[440],"study":[442],"using":[445],"VR":[446],"head-mounted":[449],"display":[450],"(HMD)":[451],"study,":[460],"analyze":[468],"avoidance":[471,497],"before":[473],"after":[475],"therapy.":[476],"discuss":[479],"help":[488],"assess":[489],"diagnose":[491],"Since":[494],"frequent":[500],"people":[502],"suffering":[503],"from":[504],"phobias,":[506],"certainly":[509],"helpful":[512],"tool.":[513],"experiment":[517,542,562],"tested":[521],"diagnosis":[525],"assessment":[527],"phobic":[531],"population":[532],"group.":[537],"evaluate":[544,567],"potential":[546],"proposed":[549],"interaction":[550],"loop":[551],"Finally,":[558]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T06:51:31.235846","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}