{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1552375115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5075/epfl-thesis-6458","title":"Single-Handed Eyes-Free Universal Input Device","display_name":"Single-Handed Eyes-Free Universal Input Device","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1552375115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5075/epfl-thesis-6458","mag":"1552375115"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:204694","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/204694","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/204694","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069013630","display_name":"Adrian Tarniceriu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tarniceriu, Adrian Dan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069013630"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9860000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6872805953025818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phone","display_name":"Phone","score":0.5955086350440979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.5770974159240723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alphabet","display_name":"Alphabet","score":0.5742231607437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/text-entry","display_name":"Text entry","score":0.5227580070495605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/typing","display_name":"Typing","score":0.5133060812950134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.502802848815918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-phone","display_name":"Mobile phone","score":0.5008127689361572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/words-per-minute","display_name":"Words per minute","score":0.4950660765171051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-feedback","display_name":"Visual feedback","score":0.46067437529563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.44930532574653625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4464452266693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4449135661125183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/input-device","display_name":"Input device","score":0.4378279745578766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.40726640820503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.39780545234680176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.19167941808700562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading","display_name":"Reading (process)","score":0.1700475811958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15453103184700012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.11031091213226318}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6872805953025818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778707766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202064","display_name":"Phone","level":2,"score":0.5955086350440979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.5770974159240723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112876837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837518","display_name":"Alphabet","level":2,"score":0.5742231607437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988504831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192366","display_name":"Text entry","level":2,"score":0.5227580070495605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781209916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3215756","display_name":"Typing","level":2,"score":0.5133060812950134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.502802848815918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777421447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17517","display_name":"Mobile phone","level":2,"score":0.5008127689361572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777970837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569389","display_name":"Words per minute","level":3,"score":0.4950660765171051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020716817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4132092","display_name":"Visual feedback","level":2,"score":0.46067437529563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.44930532574653625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4464452266693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4449135661125183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121449826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864114","display_name":"Input device","level":2,"score":0.4378279745578766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.40726640820503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.39780545234680176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.19167941808700562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.1700475811958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15453103184700012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.11031091213226318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:204694","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/204694","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"doi:10.5075/epfl-thesis-6458","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5075/epfl-thesis-6458","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400488","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"thesis"},{"id":"mag:1552375115","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/204694","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:204694","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/204694","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8299999833106995}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2942331292","https://openalex.org/W2600521569","https://openalex.org/W1967927637","https://openalex.org/W198341824","https://openalex.org/W2830477672","https://openalex.org/W3017867727","https://openalex.org/W2736552689","https://openalex.org/W2750583712","https://openalex.org/W2189569081","https://openalex.org/W3095104357","https://openalex.org/W3161388737","https://openalex.org/W2860581062","https://openalex.org/W2055268576","https://openalex.org/W2492558200","https://openalex.org/W937291883","https://openalex.org/W2400117461","https://openalex.org/W1533974647","https://openalex.org/W2921012116","https://openalex.org/W3169789691","https://openalex.org/W2848998961"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0,404,488],"most":[1],"people,":[2],"interacting":[3],"with":[4,69,91,115,237,542],"a":[5,16,48,81,86,155,216,304,341,356,400,440,495,498,519,536],"mobile":[6],"device":[7],"requires":[8],"visual":[9,71,334],"commitment":[10],"to":[11,29,64,144,196,291,314,329,339,343,390,415,427,462,531],"the":[12,55,60,100,103,107,131,135,147,167,178,190,198,228,238,247,253,258,261,267,283,286,298,318,331,367,398,405,410,424,436,446,456,472,506,510,513,516,524,529,533,540,549],"input":[13,301,525],"mechanism.":[14],"As":[15,326,417],"consequence,":[17],"there":[18,94],"are":[19,95,109,257,366,377],"many":[20],"situations":[21,308],"in":[22,47,260,285,483],"our":[23,36,480],"daily":[24],"life":[25],"when":[26,269,309],"we":[27,112,153,176,321,327,490,527],"have":[28],"refrain":[30],"from":[31,413],"using":[32],"these":[33,296],"devices,":[34],"as":[35,439],"vision":[37,310],"is":[38,73,129,215,232,303,311,337,372,388,395,459,465],"already":[39,312],"committed:":[40],"for":[41,99,158,307,355,374,497],"instance,":[42],"while":[43,538],"texting":[44],"and":[45,57,68,90,118,139,162,171,266,381,394,420,429,444,493,545],"walking":[46],"crowded":[49],"place,":[50],"one":[51,116,270,370],"should":[52,133,279],"focus":[53,322],"on":[54,59,189,323,397,512,548],"environment":[56],"not":[58,290,449],"phone.":[61],"A":[62,475],"way":[63],"type":[65,114],"fast,":[66],"accurately,":[67],"limited":[70],"feedback":[72,186,248,264],"provided":[74],"by":[75,83],"chording":[76,160,358],"keyboards.":[77],"These":[78],"devices":[79],"generate":[80],"character":[82,254,371],"simultaneously":[84],"pressing":[85],"combination":[87],"of":[88,102,126,150,180,207,246,263,363,479,509,518,535],"keys,":[89],"five":[92,501],"keys":[93,108,138,502],"31":[96],"combinations,":[97],"enough":[98],"letters":[101],"English":[104],"alphabet.":[105],"If":[106],"adequately":[110],"placed,":[111],"can":[113,271],"hand":[117],"without":[119,333],"looking":[120],"at":[121,187,251],"them.":[122],"The":[123,193,385,432,500],"main":[124],"drawback":[125],"such":[127,351],"keyboards":[128,161],"that":[130,165,213,282,369,522],"users":[132],"learn":[134],"correspondence":[136],"between":[137],"characters":[140],"before":[141],"being":[142],"able":[143],"type.":[145,249],"In":[146,317,453],"first":[148,386],"part":[149],"this":[151,214,454],"thesis,":[152],"present":[154,349],"key-to-character":[156],"mapping":[157],"five-keys":[159],"typing":[163,169,191,346,437,447],"studies":[164],"estimate":[166],"achievable":[168],"rates":[170,256],"error":[172,255,324,411,425,457],"statistics.":[173],"Besides":[174],"this,":[175],"study":[177,287],"influence":[179],"having":[181],"visual,":[182],"audio,":[183],"or":[184],"no":[185],"all":[188,210],"process.":[192],"mapping,":[194],"designed":[195,354,389],"minimize":[197],"learning":[199],"phase,":[200],"was":[201],"completely":[202],"learned":[203],"after":[204],"45":[205],"minutes":[206],"training.":[208],"Moreover,":[209],"participants":[211,284],"said":[212],"lot":[217],"faster":[218],"than":[219,467,471],"they":[220],"had":[221],"initially":[222],"expected.":[223],"After":[224],"approximately":[225],"350":[226],"minutes,":[227],"average":[229],"entry":[230],"speed":[231],"20":[233],"words":[234,242],"per":[235,243],"minute":[236],"maximum":[239,399],"above":[240],"30":[241],"minute,":[244],"regardless":[245],"Surprisingly":[250],"first,":[252],"lowest":[259],"absence":[262],"(2.32%)":[265],"highest":[268],"see":[272],"what":[273],"has":[274],"been":[275],"typed":[276,373],"(3.41%).":[277],"We":[278,348],"also":[280],"mention":[281],"were":[288,382,503],"instructed":[289],"correct":[292,345,391],"eventual":[293],"mistakes.":[294,347],"Considering":[295],"results,":[297],"proposed":[299],"text":[300],"method":[302,342,387,434],"viable":[305],"option":[306],"committed":[313],"other":[315],"tasks.":[316],"second":[319,433],"part,":[320],"correction.":[325],"intend":[328],"use":[330],"keyboard":[332,486,530],"commitment,":[335],"it":[336,408],"important":[338],"find":[340],"automatically":[344],"two":[350,473],"methods,":[352],"specifically":[353],"five-key":[357],"keyboard.":[359],"One":[360],"central":[361],"element":[362],"both":[364,543],"methods":[365],"probabilities":[368,380],"another.":[375],"They":[376],"named":[378],"confusion":[379],"obtained":[383],"experimentally.":[384],"single-word":[392],"errors":[393],"based":[396],"posteriori":[401],"probability":[402],"rule.":[403],"evaluation":[406],"text,":[407,526],"reduces":[409],"rate":[412,426,458],"10.11%":[414],"2.17%.":[416],"reference,":[418],"MsWord":[419],"iSpell":[421],"only":[422,450],"reduce":[423],"5.15%":[428],"6.69%,":[430],"respectively.":[431],"models":[435],"process":[438,443],"hidden":[441],"Markov":[442],"considers":[445],"context,":[448],"isolated":[451],"words.":[452],"way,":[455],"further":[460],"reduced":[461],"1.27%.":[463],"This":[464],"more":[466],"three":[468],"times":[469],"lower":[470],"references.":[474],"very":[476],"practical":[477],"aspect":[478],"work":[481],"consisted":[482],"building":[484],"several":[485],"prototypes.":[487],"example,":[489],"designed,":[491],"built,":[492],"tested":[494],"prototype":[496],"bike.":[499],"placed":[504],"under":[505],"natural":[507],"position":[508],"fingers":[511],"handlebar.":[514],"With":[515],"help":[517],"wrapper":[520],"application":[521],"captures":[523],"used":[528],"control":[532],"operation":[534],"smartphone":[537],"controlling":[539],"bike":[541],"hands":[544],"staying":[546],"focused":[547],"road.":[550]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T06:51:31.235846","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
