{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7171521364","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2607.23696","title":"Offline-to-Online Creative Optimization with Generative Models and Adaptive Testing","display_name":"Offline-to-Online Creative Optimization with Generative Models and Adaptive Testing","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7171521364","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2607.23696"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2607.23696","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2607.23696","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2607.23696","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5143826832","display_name":"Kevin Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lee, Kevin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043715747","display_name":"Benjamin Letham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5205-8212"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Letham, Benjamin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057291277","display_name":"Zhiyuan Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3739-769X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin, Zhiyuan Jerry","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5143792056","display_name":"Elodie Samson","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samson, Elodie","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5143780431","display_name":"Eric Onofrey","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Onofrey, Eric","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5143841001","display_name":"Poppy Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Poppy","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139824652","display_name":"Shawndra Hill","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hill, Shawndra","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006700143","display_name":"Eytan Bakshy","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bakshy, Eytan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11986","display_name":"Scientific Computing and Data Management","score":0.400299996137619,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11986","display_name":"Scientific Computing and Data Management","score":0.400299996137619,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":0.0917000025510788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.06539999693632126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.8518000245094299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workflow","display_name":"Workflow","score":0.6177999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.6103000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-model","display_name":"Generative model","score":0.5771999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predictive-modelling","display_name":"Predictive modelling","score":0.4068000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.3862000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limiting","display_name":"Limiting","score":0.3693999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rank","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","score":0.36800000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.8518000245094299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6611999869346619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6604999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.6177999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6103000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5924999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.5771999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45804977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239673","display_name":"Predictive modelling","level":2,"score":0.4068000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3862000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.3693999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164226766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293202","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.36800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.3522999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777851325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094102","display_name":"Online model","level":2,"score":0.334199994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16910744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705759","display_name":"Test data","level":2,"score":0.313400000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184408114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1502022","display_name":"Generative Design","level":3,"score":0.31119999289512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114289077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3284399","display_name":"Statistical model","level":2,"score":0.29789999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144352353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920411","display_name":"Computerized adaptive testing","level":3,"score":0.28600001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62230096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275969","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","level":2,"score":0.2680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.258899986743927}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2607.23696","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2607.23696","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2607.23696","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2607.23696","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ad":[0],"creative":[1,62,117,160,188],"optimization":[2,189],"is":[3,99],"increasingly":[4],"constrained":[5],"by":[6,91,207],"evaluation":[7,20],"rather":[8],"than":[9,126],"generation.":[10],"Generative":[11],"models":[12,195],"can":[13,30,173],"produce":[14],"many":[15],"plausible":[16],"creatives,":[17],"but":[18],"reliable":[19],"requires":[21],"online":[22,104],"experiments,":[23],"in":[24,49,102,177],"which":[25],"only":[26],"a":[27,56,65,78,92,108,184,200,214],"limited":[28],"slate":[29,98,201,206],"be":[31,174],"tested.":[32],"We":[33,52,145],"study":[34],"how":[35],"to":[36,43,85,155,196,202,222,230],"use":[37,77,193,219],"data":[38],"from":[39],"historical":[40,83],"A/B":[41],"tests":[42],"generate":[44],"and":[45,54,87,143,218],"select":[46,223],"the":[47,73,115,127,135,149,158,165,205],"candidates":[48,171,212,225],"that":[50,60,114,147,172],"slate.":[51],"developed":[53],"deployed":[55,101],"performance-driven":[57],"offline-to-online":[58],"workflow":[59],"guides":[61,164],"generation":[63,198],"with":[64,119,139,190],"predictive":[66,79,150,194],"model":[67,80,151,167],"as":[68],"an":[69,103,178],"inference-time":[70],"critic.":[71],"In":[72,107],"offline":[74],"phase,":[75],"we":[76,112],"trained":[81],"on":[82],"experiments":[84,133,221],"rank":[86],"refine":[88],"variants":[89],"created":[90],"generative":[93,166,191],"model.":[94],"A":[95],"final":[96],"test":[97,216],"then":[100],"adaptive":[105,179,220],"experiment.":[106,180],"50-arm":[109],"field":[110],"experiment,":[111],"found":[113,146],"best":[116,128,159],"generated":[118],"this":[120],"method":[121],"yielded":[122],"45.1%":[123],"higher":[124],"engagement":[125],"human-authored":[129],"creative.":[130],"Two":[131],"additional":[132],"showed":[134],"same":[136],"upper-tail":[137],"pattern,":[138],"lifts":[140],"of":[141,199],"46.7%":[142],"36.2%.":[144],"despite":[148],"being":[152],"too":[153],"noisy":[154],"directly":[156],"identify":[157],"offline,":[161],"it":[162,209],"effectively":[163],"toward":[168],"creating":[169],"strong":[170],"efficiently":[175],"evaluated":[176],"The":[181],"results":[182],"suggest":[183],"design":[185],"principle":[186],"for":[187],"models:":[192],"guide":[197],"test,":[203],"judge":[204],"whether":[208],"contains":[210],"high-performing":[211],"at":[213],"feasible":[215],"size,":[217],"among":[224],"while":[226],"limiting":[227],"traffic":[228],"lost":[229],"weak":[231],"arms.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2026-07-29T00:00:00"}