{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7167288484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2607.01840","title":"Actual causality in fault trees","display_name":"Actual causality in fault trees","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7167288484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2607.01840"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2607.01840","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2607.01840","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2607.01840","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078092230","display_name":"Georgiana Caltais","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8653-2299"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caltais, Georgiana","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066676005","display_name":"Milan Lopuha\u00e4-Zwakenberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5687-854X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lopuha\u00e4-Zwakenberg, Milan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129300972","display_name":"Mari\u00eblle; id_orcid 0000-0001-6793-8165 Stoelinga","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stoelinga, Mari\u00eblle","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.17630000412464142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.17630000412464142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11303","display_name":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","score":0.1251000016927719,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13293","display_name":"Engineering and Test Systems","score":0.1046999990940094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causality","display_name":"Causality (physics)","score":0.5734999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tree-analysis","display_name":"Fault tree analysis","score":0.5076000094413757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.48330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.4120999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.41179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph-theory","display_name":"Graph theory","score":0.36739999055862427}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64357122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149766","display_name":"Causality (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5734999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107094494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428453","display_name":"Fault tree analysis","level":2,"score":0.5076000094413757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5044999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.48330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.4120999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.41179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3968000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88230418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131476","display_name":"Graph theory","level":2,"score":0.36739999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3418999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.33649998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.329800009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153046414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12482","display_name":"Set theory","level":3,"score":0.3174999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152745839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5438153","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","level":3,"score":0.30649998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.30550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2948000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.2897000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167391956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1401211","display_name":"Fault model","level":3,"score":0.287200003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.2802000045776367}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2607.01840","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2607.01840","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2607.01840","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2607.01840","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fault":[0],"trees":[1,29,47],"are":[2],"a":[3,65],"widely":[4],"used":[5],"as":[6],"effective":[7],"risk":[8],"models":[9],"for":[10],"complex":[11],"systems,":[12],"answering":[13],"the":[14,31,50,71,80],"question":[15,51],"\"what":[16],"can":[17],"go":[18],"wrong?\",":[19,56],"especially":[20],"through":[21],"minimal":[22,91],"cut":[23,92],"set":[24],"analysis.":[25],"We":[26,63],"study":[27],"fault":[28,46,81],"from":[30],"perspective":[32],"of":[33,38,68,70,74,79],"Halpern":[34],"&amp;":[35],"Pearl's":[36],"theory":[37],"actual":[39,75,97],"causality.":[40],"This":[41],"allows":[42],"us":[43],"to":[44,48,60,96],"use":[45],"answer":[49],"\"why":[52],"has":[53],"it":[54],"gone":[55],"which":[57],"is":[58],"fundamental":[59],"failure":[61],"diagnostics.":[62],"give":[64,94],"complete":[66],"classification":[67],"each":[69],"different":[72],"notions":[73],"causality":[76],"in":[77],"terms":[78],"tree's":[82],"graph":[83],"structure":[84],"and":[85,88],"logical":[86],"structure,":[87],"show":[89],"how":[90],"sets":[93],"rise":[95],"causes.":[98]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2026-07-04T00:00:00"}
