{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7167214984","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2607.01581","title":"Beyond Skepticism: Evaluating LLMs Pedagogical Intent Reasoning with the Adaptive Pedagogical Vigilance Framework","display_name":"Beyond Skepticism: Evaluating LLMs Pedagogical Intent Reasoning with the Adaptive Pedagogical Vigilance Framework","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7167214984","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2607.01581"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2607.01581","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2607.01581","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2607.01581","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139986849","display_name":"Minghao Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen, Minghao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102617129","display_name":"Ruihan Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1498-7702"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhou, Ruihan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139985808","display_name":"Jiayi Tang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tang, Jiayi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073136550","display_name":"Zhewei Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4718-6175"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu, Zihan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042136632","display_name":"Bowen Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2682-9584"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huang, Bowen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5140015081","display_name":"Yuxin Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu, Yuxin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.22059999406337738,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.22059999406337738,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.10199999809265137,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.06069999933242798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vigilance","display_name":"Vigilance (psychology)","score":0.5823000073432922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.536300003528595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formalism","display_name":"Formalism (music)","score":0.47269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-inference","display_name":"Bayesian inference","score":0.40369999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.35190001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.2793000042438507}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192769605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1418914","display_name":"Vigilance (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5823000073432922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.536300003528595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5055000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73301696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5469984","display_name":"Formalism (music)","level":3,"score":0.47269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4498000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160234255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812535","display_name":"Bayesian inference","level":3,"score":0.40369999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.3882000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.35190001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.3158999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.28870001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.2793000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167699689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1521337","display_name":"Naturalistic observation","level":2,"score":0.2759999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125014702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4680749","display_name":"Adaptive learning","level":2,"score":0.2750999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.26269999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.25999999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88610354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813494","display_name":"Teaching method","level":2,"score":0.2578999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33724603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812540","display_name":"Bayesian network","level":2,"score":0.2547999918460846}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2607.01581","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2607.01581","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2607.01581","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2607.01581","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.45063257217407227,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"capacity":[1],"of":[2,168,174],"Large":[3],"Language":[4],"Models":[5],"(LLMs)":[6],"to":[7,72,110],"reason":[8,82],"about":[9,83,104],"pedagogical":[10,74,106,135,169],"intent":[11,52],"within":[12],"instructional":[13,85,101],"communication":[14],"remains":[15],"underexplored,":[16],"particularly":[17],"in":[18],"educational":[19,112],"domains":[20],"such":[21],"as":[22,44],"translation":[23],"pedagogy.":[24],"To":[25],"address":[26],"this,":[27],"we":[28],"propose":[29],"the":[30,56,131,172],"\\textbf{Adaptive":[31],"Pedagogical":[32,61],"Vigilance":[33],"(APV)}":[34],"framework,":[35],"a":[36,59,97,159],"novel":[37],"computational":[38],"formalism":[39],"that":[40,123],"reframes":[41],"communicative":[42],"vigilance":[43],"an":[45],"adaptive":[46],"mechanism":[47],"for":[48,162],"optimizing":[49],"learning":[50,178],"through":[51,96],"inference.":[53],"APV":[54,95,124],"formalizes":[55],"problem":[57],"via":[58],"Bayesian":[60],"Intent":[62],"Inference":[63],"Engine":[64],"(PIIE),":[65],"which":[66],"models":[67],"how":[68,77],"instructors":[69],"select":[70],"content":[71],"maximize":[73],"utility":[75],"and":[76,91,108,136,145,164],"vigilant":[78],"learners":[79],"should":[80],"inversely":[81],"latent":[84],"configurations":[86],"--":[87],"encompassing":[88],"genre,":[89,102],"stance,":[90],"incentives.":[92],"We":[93],"evaluate":[94],"three-tier":[98],"hierarchy:":[99],"distinguishing":[100],"reasoning":[103],"structured":[105],"setups,":[107],"generalizing":[109],"authentic":[111],"discourse.":[113],"Experiments":[114],"on":[115,149],"leading":[116],"LLMs":[117],"(e.g.,":[118],"GPT-4o,":[119],"Claude":[120],"3.5)":[121],"show":[122],"substantially":[125],"improves":[126],"model":[127],"vigilance.":[128],"It":[129],"achieves":[130],"strongest":[132],"discrimination":[133],"between":[134],"exposure-based":[137],"content,":[138],"correlates":[139],"highly":[140],"with":[141],"human":[142],"judgments":[143],"($r=0.958$),":[144],"maintains":[146],"robust":[147],"performance":[148],"naturalistic":[150],"data":[151],"where":[152],"baseline":[153],"methods":[154],"degrade.":[155],"This":[156],"work":[157],"establishes":[158],"unified":[160],"framework":[161],"assessing":[163],"enhancing":[165],"LLMs'":[166],"understanding":[167],"motives,":[170],"advancing":[171],"development":[173],"more":[175],"reliable":[176],"AI-assisted":[177],"systems.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2026-07-04T00:00:00"}
