{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7166818300","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.30887","title":"Training Therapeutic Judges and Multi-Agent Systems for Human-Aligned Mental Health Support","display_name":"Training Therapeutic Judges and Multi-Agent Systems for Human-Aligned Mental Health Support","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7166818300","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.30887"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.30887","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.30887","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.30887","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139819096","display_name":"Mizanur Rahman","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahman, Mizanur","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139719414","display_name":"Abeer Badawi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Badawi, Abeer","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139807054","display_name":"Elahe Rahimi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahimi, Elahe","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004971542","display_name":"Laleh Seyyed-Kalantari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1059-7125"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seyyed-Kalantari, Laleh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139736969","display_name":"Frank Rudzicz","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rudzicz, Frank","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067722075","display_name":"Enamul Hoque","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9789-6645"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hoque, Enamul","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139752293","display_name":"Elham Dolatabadi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dolatabadi, Elham","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11519","display_name":"Digital Mental Health Interventions","score":0.43619999289512634,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11519","display_name":"Digital Mental Health Interventions","score":0.43619999289512634,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12488","display_name":"Mental Health via Writing","score":0.31310001015663147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.07129999995231628,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.5972999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5967000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-health","display_name":"Mental health","score":0.54830002784729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intraclass-correlation","display_name":"Intraclass correlation","score":0.5049999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.47200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","score":0.37229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/therapeutic-relationship","display_name":"Therapeutic relationship","score":0.3393999934196472}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5972999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5967000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134362201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309","display_name":"Mental health","level":2,"score":0.54830002784729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5297999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104709138","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671540","display_name":"Intraclass correlation","level":3,"score":0.5049999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.47200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4505000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.40400001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.37229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778633572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3424027","display_name":"Therapeutic relationship","level":2,"score":0.3393999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779951463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268788","display_name":"Quality of life (healthcare)","level":2,"score":0.3312999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.3237999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.3222000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.3149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778384578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16930687","display_name":"Therapeutic approach","level":3,"score":0.29750001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2946999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.26840001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.2671000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.2662999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.265500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982912361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1851867","display_name":"Mental model","level":2,"score":0.26429998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.26019999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.2540000081062317}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.30887","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.30887","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.30887","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.30887","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6700401902198792,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Large":[0],"language":[1],"models":[2],"show":[3],"promise":[4],"for":[5],"mental":[6],"health":[7],"support,":[8],"yet":[9],"therapeutic":[10,33,53,143],"quality":[11,144],"improves":[12],"only":[13],"when":[14],"evaluation":[15],"functions":[16],"as":[17,36,127],"an":[18,51],"actionable":[19],"control":[20],"signal":[21],"rather":[22,192],"than":[23,193],"a":[24,29,37,81,138,146,166],"passive":[25],"metric.":[26],"We":[27,199],"introduce":[28,49,74],"framework":[30],"that":[31,92,180],"formulates":[32],"response":[34,98],"generation":[35],"decision-refinement":[38],"problem":[39],"driven":[40],"by":[41,162],"multi-dimensional,":[42],"human-aligned":[43,190],"evaluation.":[44],"In":[45,70],"Stage":[46,71],"I,":[47],"we":[48,73],"TheraJudge,":[50],"open-source":[52],"evaluator":[54],"trained":[55],"via":[56],"preference-based":[57],"optimization":[58],"on":[59,123,133,189,196],"human-annotated":[60],"data":[61],"to":[62],"produce":[63],"reliable":[64],"judgments":[65],"across":[66],"7":[67],"psychological":[68],"dimensions.":[69],"II,":[72],"TheraAgent,":[75],"which":[76],"operationalizes":[77],"TheraJudge's":[78],"evaluations":[79],"through":[80],"coordinated":[82],"refinement":[83],"process":[84],"with":[85,105,108,152,165],"specialized":[86],"Critic,":[87],"Coach,":[88],"and":[89,118,130],"Therapist":[90],"roles":[91],"translate":[93],"evaluative":[94],"signals":[95],"into":[96],"targeted":[97,171],"revisions.":[99],"Empirically,":[100],"TheraJudge":[101],"achieves":[102],"strong":[103,119],"agreement":[104],"clinician":[106,154],"ratings,":[107],"intraclass":[109],"correlation":[110],"coefficients":[111],"(ICC":[112],"=":[113],"0.87-0.95),":[114],"surpassing":[115],"supervised":[116],"baselines":[117],"closed-source":[120],"judges,":[121],"particularly":[122],"critical":[124],"dimensions":[125],"such":[126],"Safety,":[128],"Relevance,":[129],"Empathy.":[131],"Acting":[132],"these":[134],"evaluations,":[135],"TheraAgent":[136],"yields":[137],"+0.43":[139],"improvement":[140],"in":[141],"human-rated":[142],"(on":[145],"5-point":[147],"scale)":[148],"under":[149],"blind":[150],"evaluation,":[151,191],"96\\%":[153],"inter-rater":[155],"reliability.":[156],"Low-quality":[157],"responses":[158],"($\\leq":[159],"3$)":[160],"improve":[161],"+2.45":[163],"points":[164],"94\\%":[167],"recovery":[168],"rate,":[169],"demonstrating":[170],"correction":[172],"of":[173,183],"unsafe":[174],"outputs.":[175],"Overall,":[176],"our":[177],"results":[178],"indicate":[179],"effective":[181],"alignment":[182],"mental-health":[184],"LLMs":[185],"stems":[186],"from":[187],"acting":[188],"relying":[194],"solely":[195],"stronger":[197],"generation.":[198],"release":[200],"code":[201],"at":[202],"https://github.com/vis-nlp/TheraAlign.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T06:18:51.028212","created_date":"2026-07-02T00:00:00"}