{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7166528749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.27974","title":"ProMSA:Progressive Multimodal Search Agents for Knowledge-Based Visual Question Answering","display_name":"ProMSA:Progressive Multimodal Search Agents for Knowledge-Based Visual Question Answering","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7166528749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.27974"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.27974","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.27974","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.27974","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139545465","display_name":"ZhengXian Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wu, ZhengXian","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139600135","display_name":"Hangrui Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu, Hangrui","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130641502","display_name":"Kai Shi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shi, Kai","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124956232","display_name":"Zhuohong Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen, Zhuohong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106737308","display_name":"Yunyao Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu, Yunyao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139544497","display_name":"Chuanrui Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Chuanrui","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139574503","display_name":"Zirui Liao","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liao, Zirui","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139546750","display_name":"Jun Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang, Jun","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139590631","display_name":"Zhenyu Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang, Zhenyu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029653356","display_name":"H\u00fcseyin Ozan \u04aairkino\u011flu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu, Haonan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139547414","display_name":"Haoqian Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Haoqian","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9904000163078308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9904000163078308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.006200000178068876,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-answering","display_name":"Question answering","score":0.7922000288963318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.5418000221252441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.4496999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4146000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-deduplication","display_name":"Data deduplication","score":0.39070001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-retrieval","display_name":"Image retrieval","score":0.36489999294281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.35519999265670776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.7922000288963318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7609000205993652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5428000092506409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.5418000221252441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4496999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4146000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32587265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1182260","display_name":"Data deduplication","level":2,"score":0.39070001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1667742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10927554","display_name":"Image retrieval","level":3,"score":0.36489999294281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.35519999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3328999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.31790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.30730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.29170000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.28299999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74072328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142726","display_name":"Intelligent agent","level":2,"score":0.2816999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.27619999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.2711000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113336015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574010","display_name":"Complete information","level":2,"score":0.26510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2599000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158495155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2369151","display_name":"Visual search","level":2,"score":0.2540999948978424}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.27974","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.27974","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.27974","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.27974","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Knowledge-based":[0],"Visual":[1],"Question":[2],"Answering":[3],"(KB-VQA)":[4],"requires":[5],"models":[6],"to":[7,68,79],"combine":[8],"image":[9,55],"understanding":[10],"with":[11,22,66,88],"external":[12],"knowledge.":[13],"Most":[14],"prior":[15],"methods":[16],"use":[17,76],"a":[18,23,27,40,90],"fixed":[19],"retrieve-then-generate":[20],"pipeline":[21],"pre-selected":[24],"retriever":[25],"and":[26,65,101,107,115,118,121],"static":[28],"top-k":[29],"setting,":[30],"which":[31],"is":[32,126],"not":[33],"adaptive":[34],"during":[35],"reasoning.":[36],"We":[37],"propose":[38],"ProMSA,":[39],"progressive":[41],"multimodal":[42],"search":[43],"agent":[44,52,87,116],"for":[45],"KB-VQA.":[46],"Given":[47],"an":[48],"image-question":[49],"pair,":[50],"the":[51,86],"iteratively":[53],"chooses":[54],"search,":[56,58],"text":[57],"or":[59],"stop,":[60],"under":[61],"explicit":[62],"tool-call":[63],"budgets":[64],"deduplication":[67],"avoid":[69],"redundant":[70],"retrieval.":[71],"For":[72],"training,":[73],"we":[74],"first":[75],"rejection-sampling":[77],"SFT":[78],"learn":[80],"valid":[81],"tool-use":[82],"formats,":[83],"then":[84],"optimize":[85],"TN-GSPO,":[89],"sequence-level":[91],"RL":[92],"objective":[93],"that":[94],"normalizes":[95],"updates":[96],"by":[97],"both":[98],"generation":[99],"length":[100],"tool-interaction":[102],"depth.":[103],"Experiments":[104],"on":[105],"E-VQA":[106],"InfoSeek":[108],"show":[109],"consistent":[110],"gains":[111],"over":[112],"strong":[113],"RAG":[114],"baselines,":[117],"improved":[119],"retrieval":[120],"end-to-end":[122],"accuracy.":[123],"The":[124],"code":[125],"available":[127],"at":[128],"https://github.com/DingWu1021/Promsa.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-06-30T00:00:00"}