{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7165672790","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.22442","title":"Efficient Multimodal Clinical Question Answering for Pulmonary Embolism Risk Assessment","display_name":"Efficient Multimodal Clinical Question Answering for Pulmonary Embolism Risk Assessment","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7165672790","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.22442"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.22442","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.22442","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.22442","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139216935","display_name":"Xiangyuan Xue","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xue, Xiangyuan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139155266","display_name":"Yang Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu, Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139215592","display_name":"Yan Gao","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gao, Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139190193","display_name":"Junyan Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Junyan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139202028","display_name":"Bin Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen, Bin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139190627","display_name":"Lingyan Ruan","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruan, Lingyan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071116593","display_name":"Ting Dang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3806-1493"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dang, Ting","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139175023","display_name":"Hong Jia","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia, Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10285","display_name":"Venous Thromboembolism Diagnosis and Management","score":0.729200005531311,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2724","display_name":"Internal Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10285","display_name":"Venous Thromboembolism Diagnosis and Management","score":0.729200005531311,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2724","display_name":"Internal Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10065","display_name":"Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes","score":0.051899999380111694,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12419","display_name":"Phonocardiography and Auscultation Techniques","score":0.03689999878406525,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulmonary-embolism","display_name":"Pulmonary embolism","score":0.754800021648407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-assessment","display_name":"Risk assessment","score":0.5551999807357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimodal-therapy","display_name":"Multimodal therapy","score":0.49950000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.4966999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medline","display_name":"MEDLINE","score":0.3693999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.35339999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computed-tomography-angiography","display_name":"Computed tomography angiography","score":0.3463999927043915}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776265017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220570","display_name":"Pulmonary embolism","level":2,"score":0.754800021648407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.724399983882904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.5551999807357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4441509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6418787","display_name":"Multimodal therapy","level":2,"score":0.49950000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4966999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.4431000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.3693999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.35339999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781347138","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1024492","display_name":"Computed tomography angiography","level":3,"score":0.3463999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.34150001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780149156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7259519","display_name":"Pulmonary angiography","level":3,"score":0.33379998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.3179999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.31060001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544519230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32566","display_name":"Computed tomography","level":2,"score":0.30160000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.29510000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780643987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q468414","display_name":"Angiography","level":2,"score":0.28380000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984752397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3259956","display_name":"Primary care","level":2,"score":0.2816999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.2727999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.271699994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32896092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189447","display_name":"Risk management","level":2,"score":0.2653000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51915194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17075487","display_name":"Point of care","level":2,"score":0.2502000033855438}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.22442","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.22442","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.22442","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.22442","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Pulmonary":[0],"embolism":[1],"(PE)":[2],"is":[3,124],"a":[4,43,58,69],"high":[5],"risk":[6,162],"cardiopulmonary":[7],"condition":[8],"whose":[9],"management":[10],"requires":[11],"both":[12],"timely":[13],"diagnosis":[14,137],"and":[15,34,84,93,102,107,115,164],"reliable":[16],"assessment":[17],"of":[18],"future":[19],"clinical":[20,89],"risk.":[21],"Because":[22],"PE":[23,71,136,161],"care":[24],"routinely":[25],"combines":[26],"computed":[27],"tomography":[28],"pulmonary":[29],"angiography":[30],"(CTPA),":[31],"radiology":[32],"interpretation,":[33],"longitudinal":[35],"electronic":[36],"health":[37],"record":[38],"(EHR)":[39],"evidence,":[40],"it":[41],"provides":[42],"clinically":[44],"meaningful":[45],"setting":[46],"for":[47],"evaluating":[48],"compact":[49,151],"multimodal":[50,62,70,152],"language":[51,64],"models.":[52],"In":[53],"this":[54],"work,":[55],"we":[56],"build":[57],"benchmark":[59],"using":[60],"efficient":[61,97],"large":[63],"models":[65,153],"(MLLMs)":[66],"on":[67,95],"INSPECT,":[68],"dataset":[72],"containing":[73],"23,248":[74],"CTPA":[75],"studies":[76],"from":[77],"19,402":[78],"patients.":[79],"We":[80],"formulate":[81],"eight":[82],"diagnostic":[83],"prognostic":[85,142],"tasks":[86],"as":[87],"structured":[88],"question":[90],"answering":[91],"problems":[92],"evaluate":[94],"typical":[96],"MLLMs":[98],"under":[99,127],"CTPA-Only,":[100],"EHR-Only,":[101],"CTPA+EHR":[103,128],"settings":[104],"with":[105],"zero-shot":[106],"few-shot":[108],"prompting.":[109],"Results":[110],"show":[111],"that":[112,135,150],"Gemma4":[113,116],"E4B":[114],"E2B":[117],"perform":[118],"more":[119],"strongly":[120],"when":[121],"EHR":[122],"evidence":[123],"available,":[125],"especially":[126],"input.":[129],"Task":[130],"level":[131],"analysis":[132],"further":[133],"shows":[134],"achieves":[138],"higher":[139],"performance":[140],"than":[141],"tasks,":[143],"particularly":[144],"readmission":[145],"prediction.":[146],"These":[147],"observations":[148],"suggest":[149],"have":[154],"the":[155],"great":[156],"potential":[157],"in":[158],"early":[159],"stage":[160],"detection":[163],"explanation.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-06-24T00:00:00"}
