{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7165629491","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.22247","title":"Natural Language-Focused Software Engineering via Code-Documentation Equivalence","display_name":"Natural Language-Focused Software Engineering via Code-Documentation Equivalence","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7165629491","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.22247"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.22247","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.22247","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.22247","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139186019","display_name":"Aryaz Eghbali","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eghbali, Aryaz","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139145334","display_name":"Zhongxin Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu, Zhongxin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013438083","display_name":"Michael Pradel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1623-498X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pradel, Michael","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9595000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9595000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.007499999832361937,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.006800000090152025,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/documentation","display_name":"Documentation","score":0.8995000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-documentation","display_name":"Internal documentation","score":0.743399977684021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-documentation","display_name":"Software documentation","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equivalence","display_name":"Equivalence (formal languages)","score":0.5526999831199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.47110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.4684000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4350999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.4325000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.3935999870300293}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56666940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788790","display_name":"Documentation","level":2,"score":0.8995000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140396857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16934771","display_name":"Internal documentation","level":5,"score":0.743399977684021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81587897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181702","display_name":"Software documentation","level":5,"score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6478000283241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.6013000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.574400007724762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780069185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7977945","display_name":"Equivalence (formal languages)","level":2,"score":0.5526999831199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.47110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.4684000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4350999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4325000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.3935999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25688753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1413406","display_name":"Technical documentation","level":3,"score":0.37540000677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150292731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1342704","display_name":"Code review","level":5,"score":0.3628000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207850805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269608","display_name":"Reverse engineering","level":2,"score":0.35659998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149091818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2429814","display_name":"Software system","level":3,"score":0.35120001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117447612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412670","display_name":"Software quality","level":4,"score":0.33390000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3167000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.31029999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777561058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2652119","display_name":"Program comprehension","level":4,"score":0.29809999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101317890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q940053","display_name":"Software maintenance","level":4,"score":0.25949999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202105479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q265013","display_name":"Software evolution","level":5,"score":0.25529998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186846655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398377","display_name":"Software construction","level":4,"score":0.2549000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121957198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14365593","display_name":"KPI-driven code analysis","level":5,"score":0.25029999017715454}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.22247","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.22247","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.22247","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.22247","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Source":[0],"code":[1,18,95,113,130,147,150,200],"documentation":[2,26,60,66,89,109,123,176,178,188],"is":[3,27],"an":[4,159],"integral":[5],"part":[6],"of":[7,43,59,80,126,136,165],"software":[8,54,144],"development":[9],"and":[10,19,38,91,141,149,177,198],"maintenance,":[11],"as":[12,65],"it":[13,96],"helps":[14],"in":[15],"understanding":[16,148,197],"the":[17,41,57,71,78,94,127,134,163,202],"facilitates":[20],"communication":[21],"among":[22],"developers.":[23],"However,":[24],"existing":[25],"often":[28],"incomplete,":[29],"outdated,":[30],"or":[31],"inaccurate,":[32],"which":[33,48],"can":[34,120],"lead":[35],"to":[36,105,161,174,192],"misunderstandings":[37],"errors.":[39],"In":[40,73],"era":[42],"large":[44],"language":[45],"models":[46],"(LLMs),":[47],"are":[49],"being":[50],"extensively":[51],"used":[52],"for":[53,70,110,124,196],"engineering":[55,145],"tasks,":[56],"quality":[58],"becomes":[61],"even":[62],"more":[63,194],"critical,":[64],"provides":[67],"important":[68],"context":[69],"models.":[72],"this":[74],"paper,":[75],"we":[76,139],"introduce":[77],"notion":[79],"documentation-to-code":[81,137,156],"equivalence,":[82,138],"a":[83,100,111,166,181],"novel":[84,101],"property":[85],"that":[86,118,155],"captures":[87],"whether":[88],"accurately":[90],"completely":[92],"describes":[93],"documents.":[97],"We":[98],"present":[99],"approach,":[102],"called":[103],"Documentary,":[104],"automatically":[106],"generate":[107,121],"equivalent":[108,122],"given":[112],"snippet.":[114],"Our":[115,152],"evaluation":[116],"shows":[117],"Documentary":[119,191],"53.4%":[125],"evaluated":[128],"function-level":[129],"snippets.":[131],"To":[132],"show":[133,154],"benefits":[135],"describe":[140],"evaluate":[142],"two":[143],"tasks:":[146],"editing.":[151],"results":[153],"equivalence":[157],"allows":[158],"LLM":[160],"predict":[162],"output":[164],"function":[167],"with":[168],"12.8--24.5%":[169],"higher":[170],"accuracy,":[171],"when":[172],"compared":[173],"human-written":[175,204],"generated":[179,189],"by":[180,190],"baseline":[182],"approach.":[183],"Furthermore,":[184],"human":[185],"developers":[186],"consider":[187],"be":[193],"useful":[195],"editing":[199],"than":[201],"original":[203],"documentation.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-06-24T00:00:00"}
