{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7165646025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.21862","title":"Research Method Usage across Academic Ages in Library and Information Science: An Empirical Study (1990-2023)","display_name":"Research Method Usage across Academic Ages in Library and Information Science: An Empirical Study (1990-2023)","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7165646025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.21862"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.21862","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.21862","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.21862","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139151998","display_name":"Chengzhi Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Chengzhi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134438072","display_name":"Jiayi Hao","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao, Jiayi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138290578","display_name":"Yi Mao","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mao, Yi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10102","display_name":"scientometrics and bibliometrics research","score":0.5960999727249146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10102","display_name":"scientometrics and bibliometrics research","score":0.5960999727249146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12648","display_name":"Academic Writing and Publishing","score":0.03999999910593033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13910","display_name":"Computational and Text Analysis Methods","score":0.03620000183582306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3300","display_name":"General Social Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/popularity","display_name":"Popularity","score":0.9171000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","score":0.6730999946594238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variation","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","score":0.5809999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.5598999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bibliometrics","display_name":"Bibliometrics","score":0.4970000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-methodology","display_name":"Research methodology","score":0.45809999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4569999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-method","display_name":"Research method","score":0.3896999955177307}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1357284","display_name":"Popularity","level":2,"score":0.9171000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.6730999946594238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.5809999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.5598999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5108000040054321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178315738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q603441","display_name":"Bibliometrics","level":2,"score":0.4970000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4772999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986817661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185698","display_name":"Research methodology","level":3,"score":0.45809999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4569999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983515908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42240","display_name":"Research method","level":2,"score":0.3896999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.37290000915527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.3521000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95831776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16387","display_name":"Information science","level":2,"score":0.33980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.33889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781291010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178580","display_name":"Period (music)","level":2,"score":0.33309999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781202465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18346297","display_name":"Lexical diversity","level":3,"score":0.3255999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983956754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856234","display_name":"Academic library","level":2,"score":0.3109000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.2944999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127142870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7838279","display_name":"Trend analysis","level":2,"score":0.28929999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.27549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.274399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180198813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121182","display_name":"Information system","level":2,"score":0.27239999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36727532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861399","display_name":"Educational research","level":2,"score":0.2662000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.25850000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43091099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1067788","display_name":"Through-the-lens metering","level":3,"score":0.2583000063896179}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.21862","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.21862","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.21862","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.21862","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.5535646677017212}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Academic":[0],"age":[1,109],"critically":[2],"shapes":[3],"career":[4],"development,":[5],"influencing":[6],"research":[7,61,81],"behavior,":[8],"output":[9],"volume,":[10],"and":[11,28,49,67,95,125],"methodological":[12,114],"choices.":[13],"Analyzing":[14],"method":[15,36,141],"variation":[16],"across":[17,107],"academic":[18,92,108],"ages":[19],"offers":[20],"a":[21,77],"new":[22],"theoretical":[23,119],"lens":[24],"on":[25],"scholarly":[26],"evolution":[27],"provides":[29],"early-career":[30],"researchers":[31],"with":[32,83,102],"practical":[33],"guidance":[34],"for":[35,99],"selection.":[37],"A":[38],"corpus":[39],"of":[40,89,118],"26,677":[41],"articles":[42],"published":[43],"1990-2023":[44],"in":[45,64,76],"14":[46],"authoritative":[47],"Library":[48],"Information":[50],"Science":[51],"journals":[52],"was":[53],"compiled.":[54],"The":[55],"CogFT":[56],"model":[57],"automatically":[58],"classified":[59],"the":[60,70,116,139,145],"methods":[62,82,127],"embedded":[63],"these":[65],"articles,":[66],"Top2Vec":[68],"generated":[69],"topic":[71,103],"model.":[72],"This":[73],"process":[74],"resulted":[75],"comprehensive":[78],"dataset":[79],"linking":[80],"topics.":[84],"Author-name":[85],"disambiguation":[86],"enabled":[87],"calculation":[88],"each":[90],"scholar's":[91],"age.":[93],"Popularity":[94],"Shannon":[96],"diversity":[97],"indices":[98],"methods,":[100],"together":[101],"diversity,":[104],"were":[105],"compared":[106],"groups.":[110],"Results":[111],"reveal":[112],"dynamic":[113],"trends:":[115],"share":[117],"approaches":[120],"declined":[121],"gradually,":[122],"whereas":[123],"experimental":[124],"bibliometric":[126],"gained":[128],"ground.":[129],"Method":[130],"popularity":[131],"differs":[132],"significantly":[133],"among":[134],"cohorts.":[135],"Mid-career":[136],"scholars":[137,144],"exhibit":[138],"highest":[140],"diversity;":[142],"late-career":[143],"lowest.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-06-24T00:00:00"}
