{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7165378460","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.19812","title":"Human-on-the-Loop Orchestration for AI-Assisted Legal Discovery","display_name":"Human-on-the-Loop Orchestration for AI-Assisted Legal Discovery","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7165378460","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.19812"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.19812","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.19812","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.19812","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072410614","display_name":"Anushree Sinha","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sinha, Anushree","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112264148","display_name":"Srikanth Ranganathan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1358-2974"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ranganathan, Srivaths","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120710737","display_name":"Abhishek Dharmaratnakar","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dharmaratnakar, Abhishek","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100584724","display_name":"Debanshu Das","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Das, Debanshu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13643","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","score":0.512499988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13643","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","score":0.512499988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.14710000157356262,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.04989999905228615,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workflow","display_name":"Workflow","score":0.6154999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/privilege","display_name":"Privilege (computing)","score":0.4375999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.4221999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confidentiality","display_name":"Confidentiality","score":0.4043999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.3725000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.35010001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/taxonomy","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","score":0.33079999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.32589998841285706}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7084000110626221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.6154999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780138299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3404265","display_name":"Privilege (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4375999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.4221999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.41190001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71745522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2476929","display_name":"Confidentiality","level":2,"score":0.4043999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.3725000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.35440000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.352400004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.35010001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58642233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8269924","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","level":2,"score":0.33079999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.32589998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199168358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3367000","display_name":"Orchestration","level":3,"score":0.32030001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.27230000495910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.2678999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993995455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3150005","display_name":"Legal document","level":2,"score":0.26489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.25760000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777516300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data discovery","level":3,"score":0.2572999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187191949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138496","display_name":"Profiling (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.2551000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165136773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1363179","display_name":"Single point of failure","level":2,"score":0.2533000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13687954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4826847","display_name":"Autonomous agent","level":2,"score":0.2513999938964844}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.19812","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.19812","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.19812","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.19812","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7940219044685364}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Autonomous":[0],"Large":[1],"Language":[2],"Model":[3],"(LLM)":[4],"agents":[5],"are":[6],"increasingly":[7],"deployed":[8],"in":[9,68],"electronic":[10],"discovery":[11],"(e-discovery),":[12],"where":[13],"compounding":[14],"errors":[15],"across":[16],"multi-step":[17],"reasoning":[18],"chains":[19],"can":[20,135],"constitute":[21],"legal":[22,69],"malpractice.":[23],"Unlike":[24],"single-turn":[25],"retrieval,":[26,71],"agentic":[27,66],"workflows":[28],"operating":[29],"over":[30],"privileged":[31],"document":[32],"corpora":[33],"exhibit":[34],"a":[35,62,79,103,108],"class":[36],"of":[37,65,153],"failure":[38],"we":[39,60,77,101],"term":[40],"\"trajectory":[41],"collapse\":":[42],"an":[43,49],"early":[44],"misclassification":[45],"silently":[46],"propagates,":[47],"rendering":[48],"entire":[50],"privilege":[51],"review":[52],"invalid.":[53],"This":[54],"paper":[55],"makes":[56],"three":[57],"contributions.":[58],"First,":[59],"propose":[61],"structured":[63],"taxonomy":[64],"failures":[67,96],"information":[70],"organized":[72],"by":[73,139],"functional":[74],"stage.":[75],"Second,":[76],"introduce":[78],"four-layer":[80],"verification":[81],"architecture":[82],"--":[83,91],"spanning":[84],"planning,":[85],"reasoning,":[86],"execution,":[87],"and":[88],"uncertainty":[89,133],"quantification":[90],"designed":[92],"to":[93,124,141,155],"intercept":[94],"these":[95],"before":[97],"they":[98],"compound.":[99],"Third,":[100],"present":[102],"preliminary":[104],"simulation":[105],"study":[106],"on":[107],"synthetic":[109],"e-discovery":[110],"corpus":[111],"that":[112,131],"demonstrates":[113],"how":[114],"mandatory":[115],"Human-on-the-Loop":[116],"(HOTL)":[117],"escalation":[118],"thresholds":[119,134],"reduce":[120,136],"privilege-waiver":[121,137],"risk":[122,138],"relative":[123],"fully":[125,144],"autonomous":[126,145],"baselines.":[127],"Our":[128],"results":[129],"suggest":[130],"calibrated":[132],"up":[140],"61%":[142],"versus":[143],"deployment,":[146],"while":[147],"routing":[148],"fewer":[149],"than":[150],"one":[151],"quarter":[152],"documents":[154],"attorney":[156],"review.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2026-06-20T00:00:00"}