{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7165374213","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.19416","title":"MortarBench: Evaluating Mortgage Loan Origination Agents","display_name":"MortarBench: Evaluating Mortgage Loan Origination Agents","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7165374213","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.19416"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.19416","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.19416","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.19416","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138995371","display_name":"Matthew Toles","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toles, Matthew","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139026029","display_name":"Yunan Lu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu, Yunan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138995115","display_name":"Manav Munjal","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Munjal, Manav","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138970140","display_name":"Bojun Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu, Bojun","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138966506","display_name":"Yuanhao Deng","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deng, Yuanhao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139003039","display_name":"Stephanie Selig","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Selig, Stephanie","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139008994","display_name":"Derek Rindner","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rindner, Derek","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139024923","display_name":"Cheng Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li, Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139022412","display_name":"Zhou Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu, Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11653","display_name":"Financial Distress and Bankruptcy Prediction","score":0.4943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11653","display_name":"Financial Distress and Bankruptcy Prediction","score":0.4943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.05820000171661377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11995","display_name":"FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance","score":0.05209999904036522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/origination","display_name":"Origination","score":0.8781999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwriting","display_name":"Underwriting","score":0.7325000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/loan","display_name":"Loan","score":0.6883999705314636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5128999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.415800005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-management","display_name":"Risk management","score":0.3666999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/securitization","display_name":"Securitization","score":0.3499999940395355}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780917571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7102613","display_name":"Origination","level":2,"score":0.8781999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26503482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1898080","display_name":"Underwriting","level":2,"score":0.7325000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777764128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189539","display_name":"Loan","level":2,"score":0.6883999705314636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.6305000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5175999999046326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5128999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.415800005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.4043000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32896092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189447","display_name":"Risk management","level":2,"score":0.3666999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.3546000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780619108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852175","display_name":"Securitization","level":2,"score":0.3499999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3481999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.3386000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777910564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q694563","display_name":"Collateral","level":2,"score":0.3206999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158725981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2079582","display_name":"Bridge loan","level":4,"score":0.28139999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.2766999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.26460000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51034333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4747796","display_name":"Amortizing loan","level":5,"score":0.26440000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.2574000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.2547000050544739}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.19416","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.19416","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.19416","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.19416","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.4651591181755066}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Loan":[0],"origination":[1,68],"is":[2],"the":[3,29],"process":[4,22],"by":[5,36],"which":[6],"a":[7,10,24,53,66,73,134],"lender":[8],"creates":[9],"new":[11],"loan,":[12],"from":[13],"application":[14],"and":[15,19,31,77,92,149],"underwriting":[16],"through":[17],"approval":[18],"funding.":[20],"This":[21],"serves":[23],"critical":[25],"role":[26],"in":[27,119],"evaluating":[28],"eligibility":[30],"level":[32],"of":[33,55,122],"risk":[34,146],"posed":[35],"an":[37],"applicant.":[38],"Recently,":[39],"firms":[40],"have":[41],"begun":[42],"using":[43],"mortgage":[44],"loan":[45,50,67],"agents":[46],"to":[47,80,125,142],"augment":[48],"human":[49],"officers,":[51],"despite":[52],"lack":[54],"any":[56],"public":[57],"benchmark.":[58,70],"To":[59],"fill":[60],"this":[61],"gap,":[62],"we":[63,131],"present":[64],"MortarBench,":[65],"agent":[69],"MortarBench":[71],"uses":[72],"financial":[74],"data":[75],"synthesis":[76],"mutation":[78],"pipeline":[79],"generate":[81],"examples":[82],"with":[83,104],"broad":[84],"edge":[85],"case":[86],"coverage":[87],"that":[88,96],"match":[89,112],"real-world":[90],"distributions":[91],"questions.":[93],"We":[94,114],"find":[95],"state-of-the-art":[97],"large":[98],"language":[99],"models":[100,106],"(LLMs)":[101],"perform":[102],"poorly,":[103],"closed-source":[105],"achieving":[107],"at":[108],"most":[109],"77.1\\%":[110],"exact":[111],"accuracy.":[113],"also":[115],"discover":[116],"systematic":[117],"biases":[118],"LLM":[120],"perception":[121],"foreignness":[123],"related":[124],"non-English":[126],"names.":[127],"Noting":[128],"these":[129],"weaknesses,":[130],"introduce":[132],"CRIT,":[133],"confidence":[135],"calibration":[136],"framework.":[137],"Our":[138],"method":[139],"increases":[140],"accuracy":[141],"80.5\\%":[143],"while":[144],"improving":[145],"management":[147],"steering":[148],"reducing":[150],"bias.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2026-06-20T00:00:00"}