{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7165413870","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.19352","title":"Sign-Language Datasets at Scale: A Comprehensive Survey on Resources, Benchmarks, and Annotation Standards","display_name":"Sign-Language Datasets at Scale: A Comprehensive Survey on Resources, Benchmarks, and Annotation Standards","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7165413870","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.19352"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.19352","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.19352","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.19352","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057910663","display_name":"Yiming Ni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2909-6734"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ni, Yiming","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058898461","display_name":"Zhi-Qi Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1720-2085"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng, Zhi-Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138988643","display_name":"Jiayu Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li, Jiayu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101437650","display_name":"Wenjie Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4093-7511"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng, Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.941100001335144,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.941100001335144,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11285","display_name":"Hearing Impairment and Communication","score":0.04520000144839287,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.003000000026077032,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.7297999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/documentation","display_name":"Documentation","score":0.671500027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5426999926567078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.43059998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/datasheet","display_name":"Datasheet","score":0.3774999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sign","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","score":0.34360000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modality","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","score":0.3321000039577484}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7968000173568726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.7297999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56666940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788790","display_name":"Documentation","level":2,"score":0.671500027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.5525000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5426999926567078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.43059998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781384022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172383","display_name":"Datasheet","level":2,"score":0.3774999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139676723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193832","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.34360000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3434000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3361999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888030","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","level":2,"score":0.3321000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780966255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5474306","display_name":"Foundation (evidence)","level":2,"score":0.3075000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.302700012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.2808000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.2806999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91632574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15088675","display_name":"Data curation","level":2,"score":0.271699994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45235069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278425","display_name":"Table (database)","level":2,"score":0.2549000084400177}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.19352","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.19352","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.19352","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.19352","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.5286964178085327,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sign":[0],"languages":[1,5],"are":[2],"expressive":[3],"visual":[4],"used":[6],"by":[7,25],"Deaf":[8],"and":[9,20,30,43,79,82,96,107,116,123],"Hard-of-Hearing":[10],"(DHH)":[11],"communities.":[12],"Despite":[13],"substantial":[14],"progress":[15],"in":[16,127],"sign-language":[17,60,125],"recognition,":[18],"translation,":[19],"production,":[21],"advances":[22],"remain":[23,49],"constrained":[24],"fragmented":[26],"datasets,":[27,61],"inconsistent":[28],"annotations,":[29],"limited":[31],"linguistic":[32],"coverage.":[33],"Existing":[34],"benchmarks":[35],"often":[36],"fail":[37],"to":[38,103],"reflect":[39],"real-world":[40,128],"communication":[41],"needs,":[42],"systematic":[44],"analyses":[45],"of":[46,59],"these":[47],"limitations":[48],"limited.":[50],"In":[51],"this":[52],"survey,":[53],"we":[54],"present":[55],"a":[56,92,98,114],"comprehensive":[57],"index":[58],"covering":[62],"120":[63],"resources":[64],"across":[65],"35":[66],"sign":[67],"languages.":[68],"We":[69,89],"analyze":[70],"key":[71],"challenges":[72],"such":[73],"as":[74],"modality":[75],"imbalance,":[76],"annotation":[77],"granularity,":[78],"signer":[80],"bias,":[81],"outline":[83],"considerations":[84],"for":[85,119],"future":[86],"dataset":[87],"design.":[88],"also":[90],"introduce":[91],"24-field":[93],"Sign-Language":[94],"Datasheet":[95],"release":[97],"public":[99],"GitHub":[100],"repository":[101],"(https://github.com/Ginqwerty/Open-Sign-Language)":[102],"support":[104],"standardized":[105],"documentation":[106],"reproducible":[108],"evaluation.":[109],"Overall,":[110],"our":[111],"work":[112],"provides":[113],"unified":[115],"practical":[117],"foundation":[118],"developing":[120],"inclusive,":[121],"robust,":[122],"scalable":[124],"technologies":[126],"applications.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-06-20T00:00:00"}
