{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7164897931","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.16111","title":"Towards Pareto-Optimal Tool-Integrated Agents with Pareto Ranking Policy Optimization","display_name":"Towards Pareto-Optimal Tool-Integrated Agents with Pareto Ranking Policy Optimization","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7164897931","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.16111"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.16111","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.16111","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.16111","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138721765","display_name":"Junyi Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li, Junyi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134205715","display_name":"Xiaowei Qian","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qian, Xiaowei","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138694534","display_name":"Yingyi Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Yingyi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138696952","display_name":"Wenlin Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Wenlin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138748371","display_name":"Guojing Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li, Guojing","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138690601","display_name":"Sheng Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Sheng","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138745826","display_name":"Xiao Han","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Han, Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138730483","display_name":"Yichao Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Yichao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138737236","display_name":"Xiangyu Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhao, Xiangyu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.1800999939441681,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.1800999939441681,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.13770000636577606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11596","display_name":"Constraint Satisfaction and Optimization","score":0.11460000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pareto-principle","display_name":"Pareto principle","score":0.6460999846458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.6262999773025513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6057999730110168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranking","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","score":0.5766000151634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.5759000182151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-objective-optimization","display_name":"Multi-objective optimization","score":0.5266000032424927}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137635306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182667","display_name":"Pareto principle","level":2,"score":0.6460999846458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.6262999773025513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6057999730110168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.5766000151634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.5759000182151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5515000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68781425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2052203","display_name":"Multi-objective optimization","level":2,"score":0.5266000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4706999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4408000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.3587000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986314615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36829","display_name":"Pareto optimal","level":3,"score":0.33980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778599509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36829","display_name":"Pareto efficiency","level":3,"score":0.2736999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.262800008058548}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.16111","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.16111","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.16111","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.16111","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"advances":[1],"in":[2],"tool-integrated":[3],"language":[4,56],"agents":[5],"have":[6],"significantly":[7],"improved":[8],"their":[9],"ability":[10],"to":[11,71,131],"solve":[12],"complex":[13],"reasoning":[14,115],"tasks.":[15],"However,":[16],"existing":[17],"alignment":[18],"methods":[19],"predominantly":[20],"focus":[21],"on":[22,76,113],"maximizing":[23],"task":[24],"accuracy,":[25],"while":[26],"overlooking":[27],"auxiliary":[28],"objectives":[29],"such":[30],"as":[31],"tool-use":[32],"efficiency,":[33],"which":[34],"are":[35],"essential":[36],"for":[37,52],"practical":[38],"deployment.":[39],"To":[40],"address":[41],"this":[42],"gap,":[43],"we":[44],"introduce":[45],"ParetoPO,":[46],"a":[47],"two-stage":[48],"multi-objective":[49],"optimization":[50,106],"framework":[51],"aligning":[53],"tool-using":[54],"large":[55],"models":[57],"(LLMs)":[58],"under":[59],"competing":[60],"objectives.":[61,110],"In":[62,81],"the":[63,82],"first":[64],"stage,":[65,84],"ParetoPO":[66,122],"leverages":[67],"hypervolume-guided":[68],"dynamic":[69],"scalarization":[70],"adapt":[72],"reward":[73],"weights":[74],"based":[75],"global":[77],"Pareto":[78],"frontier":[79],"progress.":[80],"second":[83],"it":[85],"replaces":[86],"scalarized":[87],"learning":[88],"signals":[89],"with":[90,126],"Pareto-ranking-based":[91],"advantage":[92],"computation,":[93],"promoting":[94],"nondominated":[95],"trajectories":[96],"through":[97],"dominance-aware":[98],"credit":[99],"assignment.":[100],"This":[101],"design":[102],"enables":[103],"fine-grained,":[104],"action-level":[105],"across":[107],"multiple":[108],"conflicting":[109],"Experimental":[111],"results":[112],"mathematic":[114],"and":[116,133],"multi-hop":[117],"QA":[118],"tasks":[119],"show":[120],"that":[121],"consistently":[123],"discovers":[124],"policies":[125],"superior":[127],"accuracy-efficiency":[128],"trade-offs":[129],"compared":[130],"static":[132],"heuristic":[134],"baselines.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-06-17T00:00:00"}
