{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7164571323","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.12837","title":"LoHoSearch: Benchmarking Long-Horizon Search Agents Beyond the Human Difficulty Ceiling","display_name":"LoHoSearch: Benchmarking Long-Horizon Search Agents Beyond the Human Difficulty Ceiling","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7164571323","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.12837"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.12837","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.12837","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.12837","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138545004","display_name":"Jiarui Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhao, Jiarui","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138513942","display_name":"Rongzhi Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Rongzhi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123826904","display_name":"Lingchuan Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu, Lingchuan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138522984","display_name":"Hao Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang, Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138535087","display_name":"Xunliang Cai","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cai, Xunliang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123872414","display_name":"Xi Su","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Su, Xi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13274","display_name":"Expert finding and Q&A systems","score":0.4645000100135803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13274","display_name":"Expert finding and Q&A systems","score":0.4645000100135803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.35260000824928284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.07569999992847443,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmarking","display_name":"Benchmarking","score":0.7638000249862671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ceiling","display_name":"Ceiling (cloud)","score":0.6258999705314636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5756999850273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.5289000272750854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.47769999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-graph","display_name":"Knowledge graph","score":0.4194999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.39399999380111694}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86251818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816754","display_name":"Benchmarking","level":2,"score":0.7638000249862671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.676800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777489069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1589822","display_name":"Ceiling (cloud)","level":2,"score":0.6258999705314636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5756999850273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.5289000272750854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.47769999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.45100000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987255567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33002955","display_name":"Knowledge graph","level":2,"score":0.4194999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4108999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.39399999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.38179999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.34850001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.3343999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.31220000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781020372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q533093","display_name":"On the fly","level":2,"score":0.3003000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2978000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.2921000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.288100004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125583679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q755673","display_name":"Search algorithm","level":2,"score":0.2718000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187191949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138496","display_name":"Profiling (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.25110000371932983}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.12837","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.12837","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.12837","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.12837","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7651432156562805,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Search":[0,61],"agent":[1],"benchmarks":[2,22],"exemplified":[3],"by":[4],"BrowseComp":[5],"have":[6],"rapidly":[7],"saturated":[8],"over":[9,86],"the":[10,14,114],"past":[11],"year,":[12],"with":[13,94,105],"strongest":[15,115],"models":[16],"surpassing":[17],"90%":[18],"accuracy.":[19],"Since":[20],"these":[21],"are":[23],"predominantly":[24],"human-authored,":[25],"annotators":[26],"lack":[27],"a":[28,46,63,82,138],"global":[29],"perspective":[30],"on":[31,133],"entity":[32],"statistics":[33],"and":[34,41,98,121,146],"cannot":[35],"systematically":[36],"maximize":[37],"search":[38,96,150],"space":[39],"size":[40],"structural":[42],"complexity.":[43],"This":[44],"creates":[45],"difficulty":[47],"ceiling":[48],"that":[49,112],"is":[50,74],"hard":[51],"to":[52],"break.":[53],"To":[54],"address":[55],"this,":[56],"we":[57],"introduce":[58],"LoHoSearch":[59,73,136],"(Long-Horizon":[60],"Agents),":[62],"challenging":[64],"benchmark":[65],"comprising":[66],"544":[67],"human-verified":[68],"questions":[69,104],"across":[70],"11":[71],"domains.":[72],"constructed":[75],"via":[76],"an":[77],"automated":[78],"pipeline":[79],"built":[80],"upon":[81],"knowledge":[83],"graph":[84],"covering":[85],"7":[87],"million":[88],"Wikipedia":[89],"entities,":[90],"which":[91],"selects":[92],"relations":[93],"large":[95],"spaces":[97],"assembles":[99],"them":[100],"into":[101],"structurally":[102],"complex":[103],"KG-verified":[106],"unique":[107],"answers.":[108],"Our":[109],"evaluation":[110],"demonstrates":[111],"even":[113],"model":[116],"achieves":[117],"only":[118],"34.74%":[119],"accuracy,":[120],"existing":[122],"context":[123,147],"management":[124,148],"strategies":[125],"(best":[126],"+6.8%)":[127],"yield":[128],"far":[129],"smaller":[130],"gains":[131],"than":[132],"prior":[134],"benchmarks.":[135],"provides":[137],"more":[139],"demanding":[140],"standard":[141],"for":[142],"evaluating":[143],"long-horizon":[144],"reasoning":[145],"in":[149],"agents.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2026-06-13T00:00:00"}