{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7164084678","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.09756","title":"Perturbative Contrastive Physical Learning","display_name":"Perturbative Contrastive Physical Learning","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7164084678","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.09756"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.09756","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.09756","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.09756","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138285461","display_name":"Kyungeun Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kim, Kyungeun","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059093715","display_name":"Amanuel Anteneh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3715-3783"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anteneh, Amanuel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091791454","display_name":"Israel Klich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8979-0170"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Klich, Israel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000891817","display_name":"Olivier Pfister","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3386-9661"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pfister, Olivier","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123964013","display_name":"J. M. Schwarz","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Schwarz, J. M.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":0.7504000067710876,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":0.7504000067710876,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11449","display_name":"Mechanical and Optical Resonators","score":0.18479999899864197,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11206","display_name":"Model Reduction and Neural Networks","score":0.00800000037997961,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-system","display_name":"Physical system","score":0.5922999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","score":0.4474000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photonics","display_name":"Photonics","score":0.4332999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature","display_name":"Quadrature (astronomy)","score":0.4205000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.3937000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.3400999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stiffness","display_name":"Stiffness","score":0.3240000009536743}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116672817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1454986","display_name":"Physical system","level":2,"score":0.5922999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5723000168800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.4474000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20788544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467054","display_name":"Photonics","level":2,"score":0.4332999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42890000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62869609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28137","display_name":"Quadrature (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.4205000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.3937000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.3400999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779372316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569057","display_name":"Stiffness","level":2,"score":0.3240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42023084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249231","display_name":"Decision boundary","level":3,"score":0.3228999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.31709998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6314898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14632398","display_name":"Physical science","level":2,"score":0.3061999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194583477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408891","display_name":"Physical law","level":2,"score":0.30410000681877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182310444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1332643","display_name":"Boundary value problem","level":2,"score":0.28949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.288100004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.2842000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.27709999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778712887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102836","display_name":"Spring (device)","level":2,"score":0.2757999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.27399998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.2702000141143799}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.09756","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.09756","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.09756","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.09756","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Responses":[0],"to":[1,5,11,55,87,131,191],"perturbations":[2],"are":[3],"key":[4],"understanding":[6],"physical":[7,49,126,201],"systems.":[8,203],"The":[9],"ability":[10],"contrast":[12],"such":[13],"responses":[14],"by":[15,52],"comparing":[16],"how":[17],"a":[18,26,38,184,196],"system":[19],"reacts":[20],"under":[21],"slightly":[22],"different":[23],"conditions":[24],"provides":[25],"mechanism":[27],"for":[28],"learning.":[29],"Here,":[30],"we":[31],"introduce":[32],"Perturbative":[33],"Contrastive":[34],"Physical":[35],"Learning":[36],"(PCPL),":[37],"general":[39],"framework":[40],"in":[41,73,80,143],"which":[42],"learning":[43,118,129,202],"emerges":[44,120],"from":[45,90,122],"measurable":[46],"contrasts":[47,74,88],"between":[48,75],"states":[50],"produced":[51],"controlled":[53],"changes":[54],"inputs,":[56],"boundary":[57],"conditions,":[58],"parameters,":[59],"or":[60,105,137],"interpreter":[61],"functions.":[62],"PCPL":[63,142],"unifies":[64],"and":[65,77,156,158,168],"extends":[66],"prior":[67],"approaches:":[68],"Equilibrium":[69],"Propagation":[70,85],"is":[71],"rooted":[72],"free":[76],"nudged":[78],"equilibria":[79],"energy-based":[81],"systems,":[82],"while":[83],"Frequency":[84],"corresponds":[86],"extracted":[89],"sinusoidally":[91],"driven,":[92],"frequency-demodulated":[93],"responses.":[94],"We":[95,140,180],"show":[96,182],"that":[97,149,183],"contrast-driven":[98],"updates":[99],"can":[100,188],"reflect":[101],"either":[102],"local":[103],"sensitivities":[104],"global":[106],"inverse-problem":[107],"structure,":[108],"yet":[109],"do":[110],"not":[111],"require":[112],"centralized":[113],"gradient":[114],"computation.":[115],"Instead,":[116],"effective":[117],"geometry":[119],"implicitly":[121],"the":[123,172],"system's":[124],"own":[125],"response,":[127],"allowing":[128],"behavior":[130],"arise":[132],"without":[133],"an":[134],"external":[135],"processor":[136],"explicit":[138],"backpropagation.":[139],"demonstrate":[141],"two":[144],"platforms:":[145],"(i)":[146],"spring":[147],"networks":[148],"update":[150],"bond":[151],"stiffness":[152],"using":[153],"measured":[154],"displacements":[155],"forces,":[157],"(ii)":[159],"continuous-variable":[160,185],"photonic":[161,186],"circuits":[162],"trained":[163,190],"via":[164],"x":[165],"quadrature":[166],"measurements":[167],"finite-difference":[169],"estimates":[170],"of":[171],"Jacobian.":[173],"Both":[174],"platforms":[175],"successfully":[176],"learn":[177],"classification":[178],"tasks.":[179],"further":[181],"circuit":[187],"be":[189],"implement":[192],"analog":[193],"multiplication,":[194],"illustrating":[195],"step":[197],"toward":[198],"more":[199],"autonomous":[200]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2026-06-10T00:00:00"}