{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7163694368","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.05661","title":"Continual Learning Bench: Evaluating Frontier AI Systems in Real-World Stateful Environments","display_name":"Continual Learning Bench: Evaluating Frontier AI Systems in Real-World Stateful Environments","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7163694368","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.05661"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.05661","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.05661","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.05661","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137992643","display_name":"Parth Asawa","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asawa, Parth","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137989997","display_name":"Christopher M. Glaze","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Glaze, Christopher M.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001884614","display_name":"Gabriel Orlanski","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Orlanski, Gabriel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110838214","display_name":"Dr.T.V. Ramakrishnan","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramakrishnan, Ramya","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137994743","display_name":"Benji Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu, Benji","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112034664","display_name":"A. Biswal","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Biswal, Asim","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138013888","display_name":"Vincent Sunn Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen, Vincent Sunn","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138008961","display_name":"Frederic Sala","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sala, Frederic","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137984629","display_name":"Matei Zaharia","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zaharia, Matei","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137972756","display_name":"Joseph E. Gonzalez","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gonzalez, Joseph E.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.7353000044822693,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.7353000044822693,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.08829999715089798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12101","display_name":"Advanced Bandit Algorithms Research","score":0.01600000075995922,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stateful-firewall","display_name":"Stateful firewall","score":0.6797000169754028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.6161999702453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reuse","display_name":"Reuse","score":0.4499000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.4417000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overfitting","display_name":"Overfitting","score":0.4203999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stateless-protocol","display_name":"Stateless protocol","score":0.383899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.364300012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-model","display_name":"Generative model","score":0.3292999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.32170000672340393}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22927095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1784206","display_name":"Stateful firewall","level":3,"score":0.6797000169754028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6625000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6513000130653381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.6161999702453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206588197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846574","display_name":"Reuse","level":2,"score":0.4499000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.4417000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22019652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331309","display_name":"Overfitting","level":3,"score":0.4203999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103613024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230924","display_name":"Stateless protocol","level":3,"score":0.383899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.364300012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.3292999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.32170000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24138899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141258","display_name":"Instance-based learning","level":3,"score":0.3149000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.29989999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.2978000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.2971999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77967617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677561","display_name":"Active learning (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.2969000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776904630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q356336","display_name":"Adept","level":3,"score":0.29420000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.28949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.2856999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62230096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275969","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","level":2,"score":0.28110000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094097","display_name":"Online machine learning","level":3,"score":0.2777000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.2687999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202269582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2644277","display_name":"Complementarity (molecular biology)","level":2,"score":0.26330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.25099998712539673}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.05661","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.05661","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.05661","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.05661","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Continual":[0,26],"learning,":[1],"the":[2,30,170],"ability":[3],"of":[4],"AI":[5],"systems":[6,40,129,152,163],"to":[7,21,36,111,119,139,144,165,173],"improve":[8,42],"through":[9],"sequential":[10],"experience,":[11],"has":[12],"attracted":[13],"substantial":[14],"interest,":[15],"but":[16,93],"no":[17],"high-quality":[18],"benchmark":[19,34,172],"exists":[20],"evaluate":[22,99,174],"it.":[23],"We":[24,98,125],"introduce":[25],"Learning":[27],"Bench":[28],"(CL-Bench),":[29],"first":[31,171],"difficult,":[32],"expert-validated":[33,182],"designed":[35,70],"measure":[37],"whether":[38],"LLM-based":[39],"genuinely":[41],"with":[43,181],"experience.":[44],"CL-Bench":[45,168],"spans":[46],"six":[47],"diverse":[48,178],"domains":[49,180],"(software":[50],"engineering,":[51],"signal":[52],"processing,":[53],"disease":[54,81],"outbreak":[55,82],"forecasting,":[56],"database":[57],"querying,":[58],"strategic":[59],"game-playing,":[60],"and":[61,69,149,184],"demand":[62],"forecasting),":[63],"each":[64],"validated":[65],"by":[66],"domain":[67],"experts":[68],"so":[71],"that":[72,86,127],"tasks":[73,183],"share":[74],"a":[75,87,94,116,193],"learnable":[76],"latent":[77],"structure":[78],"(codebase":[79],"layout,":[80],"dynamics,":[83],"opponent":[84],"strategies)":[85],"stateful":[88],"system":[89],"can":[90],"discover":[91],"online":[92,186],"stateless":[95],"one":[96],"cannot.":[97],"frontier":[100],"models":[101],"across":[102,147,177],"several":[103],"agent":[104],"architectures,":[105],"from":[106,122,188],"naive":[107,160],"in-context":[108],"learning":[109,121,176,187,198],"(ICL)":[110],"dedicated":[112,150,164],"memory":[113,151,166],"systems,":[114],"introducing":[115],"gain":[117],"metric":[118],"isolate":[120,185],"prior":[123],"capabilities.":[124],"find":[126],"these":[128],"leave":[130],"headroom":[131],"for":[132,195],"improved":[133],"continual":[134,175,197],"learning:":[135],"agents":[136],"frequently":[137],"overfit":[138],"immediate":[140],"observations":[141],"or":[142],"fail":[143],"reuse":[145],"knowledge":[146],"instances,":[148],"do":[153],"not":[154],"fix":[155],"this":[156],"--":[157],"in":[158],"fact,":[159],"ICL":[161],"outperforms":[162],"management.":[167],"is":[169],"real-world":[179],"underlying":[189],"model":[190],"capability,":[191],"showing":[192],"need":[194],"better":[196],"systems.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2026-06-06T00:00:00"}