{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7163386830","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.03714","title":"Don't Trust Us: A privacy-by-design android malware detection pipeline","display_name":"Don't Trust Us: A privacy-by-design android malware detection pipeline","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7163386830","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.03714"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.03714","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.03714","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.03714","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104421736","display_name":"Emmanuele Massidda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9190-5648"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Massidda, Emmanuele","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093633462","display_name":"Diego Soi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0092-9067"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soi, Diego","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075367917","display_name":"Giorgio Giacinto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5759-3017"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giacinto, Giorgio","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12034","display_name":"Digital and Cyber Forensics","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malware","display_name":"Malware","score":0.6636999845504761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/android","display_name":"Android (operating system)","score":0.6256999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-analysis","display_name":"Static analysis","score":0.5817999839782715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/android-malware","display_name":"Android malware","score":0.4943000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-sensitivity","display_name":"Information sensitivity","score":0.4830999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malware-analysis","display_name":"Malware analysis","score":0.4519999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.4180999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-information-retrieval","display_name":"Private information retrieval","score":0.33469998836517334}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8468000292778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541664917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14001","display_name":"Malware","level":2,"score":0.6636999845504761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557433098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94","display_name":"Android (operating system)","level":2,"score":0.6256999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97686452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604153","display_name":"Static analysis","level":2,"score":0.5817999839782715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989133298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94","display_name":"Android malware","level":3,"score":0.4943000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137822555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2587068","display_name":"Information sensitivity","level":2,"score":0.4830999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779395397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15731404","display_name":"Malware analysis","level":3,"score":0.4519999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4223000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.4180999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4016000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99221444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1532069","display_name":"Private information retrieval","level":2,"score":0.33469998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.3346000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.32760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777622855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7901844","display_name":"User information","level":3,"score":0.29429998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.29010000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.2847000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.2840000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169093310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3702971","display_name":"Personally identifiable information","level":2,"score":0.26989999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.2669000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527821871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228502","display_name":"Access control","level":2,"score":0.26600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776973144","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6880649","display_name":"Misuse detection","level":4,"score":0.2619999945163727}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.03714","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.03714","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.03714","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.03714","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7802600264549255,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Android":[0,85],"malware":[1,86],"detection":[2,87,122,253],"increasingly":[3],"relies":[4],"on":[5,100,199],"collecting":[6],"and":[7,17,54,123],"processing":[8],"sensitive":[9,101,246],"user":[10,52,61,189,259],"data,":[11],"including":[12],"device":[13,72],"identifiers,":[14],"network":[15],"artifacts,":[16],"runtime":[18],"traces,":[19],"while":[20],"privacy":[21,35],"is":[22,135,149,159,255],"too":[23],"often":[24],"treated":[25],"as":[26],"a":[27,57,115,129,162,170,178,183,200],"secondary":[28,230],"concern.":[29],"Existing":[30],"privacy-aware":[31,90],"approaches":[32],"typically":[33],"enforce":[34],"after":[36,155],"data":[37,102,140],"collection,":[38],"for":[39,120],"example,":[40],"through":[41],"anonymization,":[42],"encryption,":[43],"or":[44,173],"federated":[45],"learning,":[46],"yet":[47],"still":[48],"require":[49],"access":[50,70],"to":[51,71,137,152,169,177,207,229],"information":[53,190],"therefore":[55],"demand":[56],"high":[58,241],"level":[59],"of":[60,117,215,226],"trust":[62],"in":[63,105,128],"systems":[64],"that":[65,76,94,166,187,251],"already":[66],"operate":[67],"with":[68,161,217,240],"privileged":[69],"activity.":[73],"We":[74],"argue":[75],"this":[77,110],"requirement":[78,127],"should":[79,88],"be":[80,89],"removed":[81],"rather":[82],"than":[83],"managed.":[84],"by":[91],"design,":[92],"so":[93,186],"effective":[95],"analysis":[96,134,180,194,221],"does":[97],"not":[98],"depend":[99],"being":[103],"accessed":[104],"the":[106,145,193,209,218],"first":[107,113,219],"place.":[108],"To":[109],"end,":[111],"we":[112],"formalize":[114],"set":[116],"design":[118],"requirements":[119],"privacy-by-design":[121],"then":[124,150],"implement":[125],"each":[126,142],"comprehensive":[130],"pipeline.":[131],"First,":[132],"static":[133,220],"performed":[136],"extract":[138],"relevant":[139],"from":[141,205],"APK,":[143],"following":[144],"Drebin":[146],"representation,":[147],"which":[148],"submitted":[151],"an":[153,212],"SVM":[154],"vectorization.":[156],"The":[157],"model":[158],"equipped":[160],"dual-reject":[163],"threshold":[164],"rule":[165],"either":[167],"commits":[168],"confident":[171],"decision":[172],"defers":[174],"uncertain":[175],"samples":[176,228],"dynamic":[179,231,234],"stage":[181],"within":[182],"sandboxed":[184],"environment,":[185],"genuine":[188],"never":[191],"enters":[192],"loop.":[195],"Results":[196],"confirm":[197],"that,":[198],"temporally":[201],"split":[202],"dataset":[203],"spanning":[204],"2024":[206],"2025,":[208],"pipeline":[210],"achieves":[211],"F1":[213],"score":[214],"0.87":[216],"stage,":[222],"deferring":[223],"only":[224],"6.7%":[225],"test":[227],"analysis.":[232],"Additionally,":[233],"sandboxing":[235],"helps":[236],"recognize":[237],"applications'":[238],"maliciousness":[239],"confidence":[242],"without":[243,257],"extracting":[244],"any":[245],"data.":[247],"These":[248],"results":[249],"demonstrate":[250],"strong":[252],"performance":[254],"achievable":[256],"sacrificing":[258],"privacy.":[260]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-06-04T00:00:00"}