{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7163380404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.02839","title":"Human Factors in Cybersecurity in Icelandic Small and Medium-sized Enterprises","display_name":"Human Factors in Cybersecurity in Icelandic Small and Medium-sized Enterprises","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7163380404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.02839"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.02839","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.02839","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.02839","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115859199","display_name":"Goda Cic\u0117nait\u0117","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cic\u0117nait\u0117, Goda","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137728272","display_name":"Thomas Welsh","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Welsh, Thomas","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137756518","display_name":"Helmut Neukirchen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neukirchen, Helmut","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.5687000155448914,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.5687000155448914,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12221","display_name":"Cybersecurity and Cyber Warfare Studies","score":0.13269999623298645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.0203000009059906,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","score":0.6068999767303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-sector","display_name":"Private sector","score":0.48750001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-resources","display_name":"Human resources","score":0.4625000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constructive","display_name":"Constructive","score":0.45750001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-infrastructure","display_name":"Critical infrastructure","score":0.4302999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-breach","display_name":"Data breach","score":0.41179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-sector","display_name":"Public sector","score":0.366100013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-resource-management","display_name":"Human resource management","score":0.35420000553131104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6208000183105469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6068999767303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5015000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121426985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q591763","display_name":"Private sector","level":2,"score":0.48750001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107645774","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5467169","display_name":"Human resources","level":2,"score":0.4625000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778701210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28130034","display_name":"Constructive","level":3,"score":0.45750001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29852176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373338","display_name":"Critical infrastructure","level":2,"score":0.4302999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165609540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172486","display_name":"Data breach","level":2,"score":0.41179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147859227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294217","display_name":"Public sector","level":2,"score":0.366100013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202372285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056396","display_name":"Human resource management","level":2,"score":0.35420000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.3450999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779449393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q302285","display_name":"Human security","level":2,"score":0.33169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528167355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q258307","display_name":"National security","level":2,"score":0.31029999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019207227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10883614","display_name":"Human life","level":3,"score":0.29109999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.27000001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985272809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211017","display_name":"Digital government","level":3,"score":0.2687000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207267971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120208","display_name":"Emerging technologies","level":2,"score":0.2662000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121017731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11661","display_name":"Information technology","level":2,"score":0.26499998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2119116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7181","display_name":"Globalization","level":2,"score":0.25940001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527648132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189900","display_name":"Information security","level":2,"score":0.25600001215934753}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.02839","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.02839","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.02839","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.02839","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cybersecurity":[0],"threats":[1,142],"are":[2,26,146],"increasing":[3],"in":[4,58,92],"all":[5],"aspects":[6],"of":[7,13,60,76,119],"society":[8],"due":[9],"to":[10,49,65,110,155],"the":[11,32,47,74,98],"integration":[12],"digital":[14],"systems":[15],"into":[16],"modern-day":[17],"life":[18],"and":[19,37,84,108,129,166],"a":[20,77,117,168],"volatile":[21],"geo-political":[22],"landscape.":[23],"Technical":[24],"factors":[25,39,57,102,145],"an":[27],"ongoing":[28],"arms":[29],"race;":[30],"however,":[31],"threat":[33],"surface":[34],"from":[35,143],"human":[36,56,101,144],"social":[38],"is":[40,63],"still":[41],"present,":[42],"often":[43],"providing":[44],"malicious":[45],"actors":[46],"means":[48],"bypass":[50],"complex":[51],"technical":[52,61],"security":[53,67],"controls.":[54],"Understanding":[55],"light":[59],"evolution":[62],"essential":[64],"ensure":[66],"controls":[68],"remain":[69],"effective.":[70],"This":[71],"study":[72],"presents":[73],"results":[75],"survey":[78],"on":[79,136],"cybersecurity":[80,127,170],"challenges":[81,107,115],"within":[82],"public":[83],"private":[85],"sector":[86],"organisations,":[87,165],"including":[88],"critical":[89],"infrastructure":[90],"providers,":[91],"Iceland":[93],"(N":[94],"=":[95],"130).":[96],"From":[97],"management":[99],"perspective,":[100],"were":[103],"strongly":[104],"noted":[105],"as":[106],"barriers":[109],"their":[111],"organisations'":[112],"security.":[113],"These":[114,148],"include":[116],"lack":[118],"adequate":[120],"training":[121,154],"or":[122],"awareness,":[123],"hiring":[124],"issues,":[125],"poor":[126],"culture,":[128],"time":[130],"and/or":[131],"financial":[132],"resource":[133],"constraints.":[134],"Based":[135],"these":[137],"findings,":[138],"recommendations":[139],"for":[140,162],"mitigating":[141],"derived.":[147],"include:":[149],"prioritising":[150],"targeted":[151],"over":[152],"generic":[153],"reduce":[156],"employee":[157],"fatigue,":[158],"external":[159],"government":[160],"support":[161],"financially":[163],"constrained":[164],"building":[167],"strong":[169],"culture":[171],"through":[172],"constructive":[173],"communication":[174],"around":[175],"shared":[176],"responsibilities.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2026-06-04T00:00:00"}
