{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7163126173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.01643","title":"Conditional Collapse in Sign Language Production: A Diagnostic and a Scaling Argument","display_name":"Conditional Collapse in Sign Language Production: A Diagnostic and a Scaling Argument","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7163126173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.01643"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.01643","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.01643","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.01643","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129825529","display_name":"Rui Hong","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong, Rui","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086078885","display_name":"Jana Ko\u0161eck\u00e1","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4619-3277"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ko\u0161eck\u00e1, Jana","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9611999988555908,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9611999988555908,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11285","display_name":"Hearing Impairment and Communication","score":0.014800000004470348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":0.004999999888241291,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sign","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","score":0.5638999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sign-language","display_name":"Sign language","score":0.5343999862670898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaling","display_name":"Scaling","score":0.5304999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.4708000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion","display_name":"Motion (physics)","score":0.4230000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.39100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.37860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoencoder","display_name":"Autoencoder","score":0.36970001459121704}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6157000064849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139676723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193832","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5638999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.536300003528595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522192633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34228","display_name":"Sign language","level":2,"score":0.5343999862670898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.5304999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.4708000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4230000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.39890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.39100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.37869998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.37860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101738243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786435","display_name":"Autoencoder","level":3,"score":0.36970001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98184364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780131","display_name":"Argument (complex analysis)","level":2,"score":0.3617999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3528999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.311599999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126691448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2028919","display_name":"Magnitude (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.2881999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776737515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14759","display_name":"American Sign Language","level":3,"score":0.28529998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51167844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4422623","display_name":"Latent variable","level":2,"score":0.2754000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776187449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513879","display_name":"Natural language generation","level":3,"score":0.2612999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.26030001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779439875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1078276","display_name":"Natural language understanding","level":3,"score":0.2531000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2513999938964844}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.01643","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.01643","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.01643","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.01643","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6294192671775818,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sign":[0,112],"Language":[1],"Production":[2],"(SLP)":[3],"is":[4,23,120,133],"the":[5,20,48,55,66,105,141,153,156,160],"task":[6],"of":[7,19,92,130,155],"generating":[8],"avatar":[9],"sign":[10,56],"language":[11,15,57],"motion":[12,22,68,95],"from":[13],"natural":[14],"text.":[16],"The":[17],"quality":[18],"generated":[21,67],"typically":[24],"evaluated":[25],"by":[26,126],"a":[27,93,109],"motion-space":[28],"Fr\u00e9chet":[29],"distance":[30],"(FID)":[31],"and":[32,79,115,132],"back-translation":[33],"(BT)":[34],"BLEU":[35],"score":[36],"on":[37,104,140],"benchmarks":[38],"such":[39],"as":[40,86,159],"How2Sign.":[41],"Both":[42],"metrics":[43],"can":[44,148],"improve":[45],"substantially":[46],"while":[47,123],"underlying":[49],"generator":[50],"fails":[51],"to":[52,64],"faithfully":[53],"represent":[54],"gestures.":[58],"In":[59],"this":[60],"work":[61],"we":[62],"propose":[63],"evaluate":[65,99],"at":[69],"three":[70],"independent":[71],"levels:":[72],"($\\tau1$)":[73],"initial-pose":[74],"conditioning,":[75],"($\\tau2$)":[76],"output":[77],"diversity,":[78],"($\\tau3$)":[80],"target":[81],"faithfulness.":[82,136],"We":[83,98,137],"compute":[84],"these":[85],"pairwise-distance":[87],"ratios":[88],"using":[89],"latent":[90],"representations":[91],"frozen":[94],"autoencoder":[96],"(MoAE).":[97],"14":[100],"SLP":[101],"model":[102],"checkpoints":[103],"How2Sign":[106],"dataset,":[107],"including":[108],"re-implemented":[110],"Neural":[111],"Actors":[113],"(NSA),":[114],"show":[116,138],"that":[117,139],"$\\tau3$":[118,147],"faithfulness":[119],"never":[121],"attained,":[122,150],"FID":[124],"varies":[125],"nearly":[127],"two":[128],"orders":[129],"magnitude":[131],"uncorrelated":[134],"with":[135],"isolated":[142],"gloss":[143],"dataset":[144],"ASL3DWord":[145],"favorable":[146],"be":[149],"hence":[151],"isolating":[152],"size":[154],"sentence-level":[157],"paired-dataset":[158],"bottleneck.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-06-03T00:00:00"}