{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7163206003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.01275","title":"Domination-Avoiding Learning Agents Cannot Collude","display_name":"Domination-Avoiding Learning Agents Cannot Collude","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7163206003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.01275"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.01275","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.01275","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.01275","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081416898","display_name":"Noam Nisan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3106-6304"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nisan, Noam","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137684627","display_name":"Emmanuel Zerah","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zerah, Emmanuel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11031","display_name":"Game Theory and Applications","score":0.3747999966144562,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11031","display_name":"Game Theory and Applications","score":0.3747999966144562,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12101","display_name":"Advanced Bandit Algorithms Research","score":0.3100000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11182","display_name":"Auction Theory and Applications","score":0.15559999644756317,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collusion","display_name":"Collusion","score":0.8543999791145325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.6312999725341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term","display_name":"Term (time)","score":0.36570000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","score":0.328900009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","score":0.31369999051094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rational-agent","display_name":"Rational agent","score":0.3043999969959259}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781198186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q701521","display_name":"Collusion","level":2,"score":0.8543999791145325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6312999725341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5680000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.44780001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.36570000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.328900009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182365436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50701","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.31369999051094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31772880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2666479","display_name":"Rational agent","level":2,"score":0.3043999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C774472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6760393","display_name":"Margin (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.2782999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.2745000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202556891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1584646","display_name":"Repeated game","level":3,"score":0.26589998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776020190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q997453","display_name":"New class","level":2,"score":0.26339998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2538999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.2515999972820282}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.01275","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.01275","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2606.01275","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2606.01275","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"influential":[1],"paper":[2],"of":[3,30,61,112,130],"Calvano":[4],"et":[5,32],"al.":[6,33],"empirically":[7,34],"demonstrated":[8,35],"that":[9,18,36,46,68,124],"Q-learning":[10],"agents":[11,81,93,113],"spontaneously":[12],"collude":[13,72],"when":[14],"placed":[15],"as":[16,86,88,91],"sellers":[17],"compete":[19],"on":[20],"prices":[21],"in":[22,73,107],"a":[23,57],"natural":[24],"market":[25],"model.":[26],"More":[27,102],"recent":[28],"results":[29],"Fish":[31],"similar":[37],"collusion":[38,48],"happens":[39],"with":[40,52,94],"commercial":[41],"LLMs.":[42],"We":[43,55],"formally":[44],"prove":[45],"such":[47,74,90],"can":[49],"also":[50],"happen":[51],"external-regret-minimizing":[53],"agents.":[54],"identify":[56],"very":[58],"general":[59],"class":[60,77,111],"agents,":[62,67,85],"which":[63],"we":[64,104],"term":[65],"Domination-Avoiding":[66],"provably":[69],"do":[70],"not":[71],"markets.":[75],"This":[76],"contains":[78],"all":[79,83],"Mean-Based":[80],"and":[82,98],"internal-regret-minimizing":[84],"well":[87],"others":[89],"Multiplicative-Weight":[92],"variable":[95],"learning":[96],"rate":[97],"contextual":[99],"variants":[100],"thereof.":[101],"generally":[103],"show":[105],"that,":[106],"any":[108],"game,":[109],"this":[110],"is":[114],"guaranteed":[115],"to":[116,119],"jointly":[117],"learn":[118],"almost":[120],"never":[121],"play":[122],"strategies":[123],"are":[125],"eliminated":[126],"by":[127],"repeated":[128],"elimination":[129],"purely":[131],"dominated":[132],"strategies.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2026-06-03T00:00:00"}