{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7162659207","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.27916","title":"OphIn-500K: Curating Web-Scale Visual Instructions for Scaling Ophthalmic Multimodal Large Language Models","display_name":"OphIn-500K: Curating Web-Scale Visual Instructions for Scaling Ophthalmic Multimodal Large Language Models","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7162659207","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.27916"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.27916","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.27916","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.27916","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137202192","display_name":"Xuanzhao Dong","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong, Xuanzhao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137271295","display_name":"Wenhui Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhu, Wenhui","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137300205","display_name":"Xiwen Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen, Xiwen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137257263","display_name":"Hao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6316-3572"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137208758","display_name":"Xin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2067-2763"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li, Xin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121812257","display_name":"Yujian Xiong","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiong, Yujian","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137198687","display_name":"Jiajun Cheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng, Jiajun","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137272357","display_name":"Jingjing Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Jingjing","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137241880","display_name":"Xiaobing Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu, Xiaobing","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026177673","display_name":"Haiyu Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wu, Haiyu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137219723","display_name":"Shao Tang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tang, Shao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137270122","display_name":"Zhipeng Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Zhipeng","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016851988","display_name":"Langechuan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5476-0169"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu, Langechuan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137195537","display_name":"Shan Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin, Shan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137196274","display_name":"Oana Dumitrascu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dumitrascu, Oana","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137253075","display_name":"Yalin Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Yalin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9000999927520752,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9000999927520752,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.02329999953508377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.012299999594688416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.6319000124931335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.4846000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limiting","display_name":"Limiting","score":0.4797999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.4578999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.41620001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.36160001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.35260000824928284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8104000091552734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.6319000124931335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.4846000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.4797999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.4578999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41780000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.41620001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.36160001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.35260000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.34439998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.3440999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3377000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172367668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6504956","display_name":"Data visualization","level":3,"score":0.3328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.2937000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.2863999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780878386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1659648","display_name":"Visual language","level":2,"score":0.2743000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.26489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.2583000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776145971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30673951","display_name":"Labeled data","level":2,"score":0.25130000710487366}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.27916","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.27916","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.27916","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.27916","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8455987572669983,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,101],"advancement":[1],"of":[2,39,67],"general":[3,207],"medical":[4,208],"Multimodal":[5],"Large":[6],"Language":[7],"Models":[8],"(MLLMs)":[9],"has":[10],"shown":[11],"great":[12],"potential":[13],"for":[14,47,106,115,127],"building":[15],"conversational":[16,48,169,191],"assistants":[17],"to":[18,25,36,73],"support":[19],"clinical":[20,76,132],"diagnosis.":[21],"However,":[22],"their":[23,71],"adaptation":[24],"highly":[26],"specialized":[27],"domains":[28],"such":[29],"as":[30,163],"ophthalmology":[31,98,143],"remains":[32],"underexplored,":[33],"primarily":[34],"due":[35],"the":[37,65],"scarcity":[38],"large-scale,":[40],"domain-specific":[41,210],"instruction-tuning":[42,144],"data.":[43],"Existing":[44],"ophthalmic":[45,68],"datasets":[46],"agents":[49],"are":[50],"often":[51],"limited":[52],"in":[53],"scale":[54],"and":[55,70,113,121,130,151,171,190,195,209],"largely":[56],"rely":[57],"on":[58],"images":[59,156],"from":[60,96,157],"established":[61],"public":[62],"benchmarks,":[63],"limiting":[64],"scalability":[66],"MLLMs":[69],"ability":[72],"capture":[74],"real-world":[75],"complexity.":[77],"To":[78],"address":[79],"this":[80,135,177],"gap,":[81],"we":[82,137,179],"propose":[83],"$\\textbf{OphIn-Engine}$,":[84],"an":[85,183],"ophthalmology-specific":[86,184],"instruction":[87,94,122,149],"data":[88,95],"curation":[89],"pipeline":[90,102],"that":[91,199],"constructs":[92],"high-quality":[93],"open-access":[97],"web-scale":[99],"videos.":[100],"integrates":[103],"multimodal":[104,142],"transcription":[105],"extracting":[107],"image-transcript":[108],"pairs,":[109],"visual":[110,119,164,188],"cue":[111],"separation":[112],"scoring":[114],"identifying":[116],"clinically":[117],"relevant":[118],"descriptions,":[120],"synthesis":[123],"with":[124,186,205],"quality":[125],"control":[126],"generating":[128],"accurate":[129],"diverse":[131],"dialogues.":[133],"Using":[134],"engine,":[136],"introduce":[138],"$\\textbf{OphIn-500K}$,":[139],"a":[140],"large-scale":[141],"dataset":[145],"containing":[146],"over":[147,158],"500,000":[148],"instances":[150],"more":[152],"than":[153],"151,000":[154],"unique":[155],"29,000":[159],"video":[160],"clips,":[161],"formatted":[162],"question":[165],"answering":[166],"(VQA),":[167],"multi-turn":[168],"interactions,":[170],"chain-of-thought":[172],"(CoT)":[173],"reasoning.":[174],"Built":[175],"upon":[176],"dataset,":[178],"further":[180],"develop":[181],"$\\textbf{OphIn-VL}$,":[182],"MLLM":[185],"advanced":[187],"understanding":[189],"capabilities.":[192],"Comprehensive":[193],"experiments":[194],"case":[196],"studies":[197],"demonstrate":[198],"OphIn-VL":[200],"achieves":[201],"superior":[202],"performance":[203],"compared":[204],"state-of-the-art":[206],"MLLMs.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-05-29T00:00:00"}
